共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 984 毫秒
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山西白羊草灌丛草地牧草产量动态研究 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
对山西白羊草灌丛草地牧草产量动态三年的定位研究结果表明，白羊草灌丛草地牧草产量的季节动态规律较稳定，各年度动态曲线均呈单峰型，高峰值出现在８月份，峰期后牧草产量下降较缓慢；牧草营养物质的变化，生长前期粗蛋白含量较高，随生育期进展而逐渐减少，粗纤维含量则相反；粗蛋白质产量高峰期在８月，这与干草产量的高峰期正好吻合，此时正是该类草地利用的最佳时期。 相似文献
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山西白羊草灌丛草地牧草产量动态研究 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
对山西白羊草灌丛草地牧草产量动态进行了研究，经３年的定位研究其结果表明，白羊草灌丛草地牧草产量的季节动态规律较稳定，各年度动态曲线均呈单峰型，高峰值出现在８月份，峰期后牧草产量下降较缓慢。牧草营养物质的变化，生长前期粗蛋白质含量高随生育期进展而逐渐减少，粗纤维含量则相反，粗蛋白质产量高峰期在８月，这与干草产量的峰值正好吻合，此时正是该类草地利用的最佳时期。 相似文献
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试验旨在对西藏达孜县典型高山草甸产草旺盛期产草量和营养价值进行评定。采集7—10月的草地混合牧草测定产草量,分析牧草营养成分含量,并计算营养物质产量。结果表明:7、8月草地产草量最高,10月最低;7—10月混合牧草中粗蛋白质(CP)含量依次为10.92%、11.51%、13.75%和13.46%,9月和10月显著高于7月和8月(P0.05);7—10月牧草中有机物(OM)、粗脂肪(EE)和总能(GE)逐渐降低,粗灰分(Ash)和钙(Ca)含量逐渐升高;7—10月草地干物质(DM)产量先升高后降低,其中8月最高,7、9、10月分别占8月的85.6%、52.8%、27.6%,除硒(Se)以外,其他营养物质产量仍以7、8月最高,9月居中,10月最低。综上可知,西藏达孜县高山草甸7月和8月产草量和营养物质产量最高,牧草品质好。 相似文献
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给奶牛调制优质干草,应尽量减少青草中营养成分．尤其是粗蛋白、胡萝卜素等的损失。
1 适期刈割
牧草和青刈作物的产量和品质随生长发育而变化。幼嫩时期．叶量丰富,粗蛋白质、胡萝卜素等含量多,营养价值高,但产草量低;随着生长和产量的增加,茎秆部分的比例增大,粗纤维含量逐渐增加,木质化程度提高,可消化营养物质的含量明显减少,饲草品质下降。 相似文献
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缘毛雀麦和无芒雀麦营养物质动态的研究 总被引：8，自引：3，他引：5
对不同时期的缘毛雀麦和无芒雀麦（５个类型）的营养物质动态，干草产量动态的粗蛋白质产量动态的环境结果表明，随着生育日龄的增加，粗蛋白质，粗脂肪，粗灰分和磷含量逐渐下降；无氮浸出物和粗纤维含量逐渐增加，并符合方程Ｙ＝Ａ＋ＢＸ。缘毛雀麦和不同来源的３个类型的无芒雀麦，其地上部生物量和粗蛋白产量符合Ｌｏｇｉｓｔｉｃ方程。全部供试牧草最适利用时期是牧草开花期至种子乳熟明。 相似文献
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亚高山草甸6种主要牧草营养动态研究 总被引：4，自引：3，他引：1
分析了亚高山草甸的苔草、狼针草、羊茅、细茎鸢尾、裂叶蒿、蓝花棘豆６种牧草在各个生育期的粗脂肪、粗蛋白质、酸性洗涤纤维（ＡＤＦ）和钙、磷等营养成分的含量。结果表明，牧草中各种营养成分的含量动态与生长发育阶段密切相关。粗蛋白质和磷随生育期逐渐减少；ＡＤＦ和钙含量随着生育期逐渐增加。 相似文献
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不同施氮量对高山草甸草地牧草产量及营养成分的影响 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
对高山草甸草地施氮５０ｋｇ／ｈｍ＾２和８０ｋｇ／ｈｍ＾２的试验结果：产草量提高１１０．２％和１７２．２７％，粗蛋白质产量提高１２６．３９％和１９６．１０％，但施氮对牧草其它营养成份无明显影响。实施本项技术措施后，能提高高山草甸冬春牧地的载畜量，具有显著的经济效益和生态效益。 相似文献
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小五台亚高山草甸植物地上生物量及其营养成分研究 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
亚高山草甸的地上生物量产出及营养状况对于草场的季节性放牧具有重要意义。通过调查及分析发现：1) 小五台的亚高山草甸的地上生物量产出总体来说是随着海拔的升高而增加,并且与物种多样性有很好的相关关系,其形成主要受近地面温度及土壤养分条件的影响。2) CCA (典范对应分析)排序结果表明,对小五台植物营养成分含量影响较大的环境因子是温度、太阳辐射和土壤养分及水分含量。3)从牧场利用的角度来看,草甸植物的纤维和热值含量高,海拔增加植物中粗蛋白的含量也随之增加,体现出高寒植物的特点;就放牧而言,阴坡的植物营养要好于其他坡向,但草甸中豆科植物相对缺乏,需要适当补充。 相似文献
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草畜平衡管理系列研究（5）——牧草产量月动态变化 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
基于在锡林郭勒和呼伦贝尔等草原地区所获得的草地生产力监测数据,介绍了获取草地牧草产量月动态系数的方法。对不同类型草地以及不同地区同一类型草地上的牧草产量月动态进行了比较。检测了不同放牧压力对牧草产量月动态的影响。结果表明,牧草产量的月动态具有相对稳定的特点。各类草地以及不同放牧压力下牧草产量消长的趋势较为一致。大多数草地的牧草最高产量出现在8月份。基于我国北方主要草原地区的气候相似性,本研究介绍的获取草地牧草产量月动态系数的方法以及部分系数值可以推广应用到其他类似的地区。 相似文献
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为了解典型草原区天然牧草生长发育规律,根据锡林浩特国家气候观象台多年牧草观测资料,运用统计学原理、物候学方法对典型草原区克氏针茅（Stipa kryloyii）、羊草（Leymus chinensis）、糙隐子草（Cleistogenes squarrosa）3种牧草生育规律及物候期气象指标进行了研究。结果表明,3种牧草生长季高度与盖度、产量变化趋势一致,8月末牧草高度、盖度、产量同时达最高值。返青期在4月下旬至5月初,成熟期在8月中旬至9月上旬,抽穗期牧草生长速率最快,各物候期与40 cm日平均地温存在显著的相关性。牧草生长发育有着自身的生物学特性,生态环境的变化制约着牧草的生长发育规律。 相似文献
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The seasonal changes in the populations of trichostrongylid infective larvae (L3) on herbage and in soil samples collected from pastures grazed by beef cattle were studied at Nsukka, eastern Nigeria, from April 1980 to July 1981. Large numbers of L3 were recovered from all samples collected during the rainy season (April to October). The rainy season herbage infestation was characterised by three clearly defined peaks. The first, which followed an 'early rains' (April) rise, occurred in the second half of May while the larger second and third peaks occurred in late July and October respectively. It is suggested that each of these peaks represented a distinct wave of infestation by a separate generation consisting of the three trichostrongylids concerned, namely Cooperia, Haemonchus and Trichostrongylus species. Although there was a sharp fall in pasture infestation following the onset of the dry season, appreciable numbers of L3 were still present on herbage in early December. The implications of these findings have been discussed in relation to the choice of effective strategic anthelmintic programmes for the prophylaxis and control of bovine parasitic gastroenteritis in the Nsukka area. 相似文献
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分别于2013年7月上中旬和8月上中旬对新疆维吾尔自治区伊犁哈萨克自治州昭苏马场人工割草地进行刈割,并进行了产草量测定和牧草品质的比较分析。结果表明,刈割时期对建植第3年和第7年割草地的鲜草和干草产量无明显影响;8月上中旬刈割牧草的粗蛋白（CP）含量与7月上中旬刈割牧草相比显著降低（P〈0．05）;刈割牧草中。豆科牧草的比例无明显变化,但8月上中旬刈割牧草的叶茎比显著降低（P〈0．01）;在8月上中旬刈割的牧草中,中性洗涤纤维（NDF）和酸性洗涤纤维（ADF）含量有不同程度的增加（P〈0．05）。由试验可知,昭苏马场的合理割草时间以7月上中旬为宜,此时牧草的产量和质量较佳。 相似文献
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Valencia E Williams MJ Chase CC Sollenberger LE Hammond AC Kalmbacher RS Kunkle WE 《Journal of animal science》2001,79(9):2456-2464
In Florida, rhizoma peanut (RP; Arachis glabrata Benth.), a tropical legume, combines the attributes of excellent nutritive value, competitive ability with tropical grasses, and high animal performance. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of spring N fertilization (0 vs 35 kg/ha) and summer stocking rate (1.5 and 2.5 bulls/ha) on herbage mass, nutritive value, herbage allowance, and diet botanical composition of grazed RP-grass swards and their interaction with growth and development of bulls (Senepol, and Brahman or Angus). The study was conducted in 1995 and 1996 at the USDA, ARS, Subtropical Agriculture Research Station in Brooksville, FL. Nitrogen was applied in April of each year, and all pastures were stocked with 1.5 bulls/ha until approximately July of each year, when stocking rate was increased on half the pastures to 2.5 bulls/ha. Herbage mass (HM, kg/ha), herbage allowance (HA, kg/kg BW), nutritive value (CP and in vitro organic matter digestibility [IVOMD]), and diet botanical composition (fecal microhistological) readings were determined. Animal measurements included total and seasonal (spring vs summer), ADG, hip height (cm), scrotal circumference (SC, cm), and plasma urea nitrogen (PUN, mg/dL). Herbage mass (3.0 +/- 0.12 Mg/ha and 3.4 +/- 0.13 Mg/ha in 1995 and 1996, respectively) was not affected by nitrogen fertilization or stocking rate but was affected by season (P < 0.05) due to increased plant growth rate associated with summer rainfall. Stocking rate did affect herbage availability, but it never fell below 3 kg/kg BW, indicating herbage availability was never limiting. Crude protein (200 to 140 g/kg) and IVOMD (650 to 540 g/kg) were not affected by treatment, but declined (P < 0.001) from spring until fall. Treatments also had no effect on diet botanical composition. Summer ADG averaged about 0.2 kg/d lower than spring ADG, due, in part, to seasonal declines in nutritive value. Because herbage allowance was never limiting, full-season ADG was not affected by stocking rate or N fertilization and averaged 0.61 +/- 0.03 and 0.60 +/- 0.02 kg/d in 1995 and 1996, respectively. There were season x breed interactions (P < 0.05) for ADG due to greater declines during the summer for Angus than for Senepol or Brahman. There were no differences in final BW, SC, BCS, hip height, or PUN due to treatments, but breed differences were noted (P < 0.05) for all measures except BCS. 相似文献
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Grazing trials were established at two sites in the Natal Sour Sandveld. The objective of this article was to present the patterns in individual animal performance in relation to herbage mass and stocking rate for the period November 1986 to September 1987. Rainfall exceeded the mean annual rainfall for Site 1 and was well below average for Site 2. Rainfall at Site 1 exceeded that at Site 2 by 329 mm. Distinct patterns in herbage mass were seen during the season. A grazing cut‐off was established at 2 000 kg/ha of herbage mass. Herbage mass seldom exceeded 2 400 kg/ha in grazed camps. A quantity limitation was evident for most of the growing season. The relationship between animal performance and stocking rate was linear but the slopes of the relationships differed. 相似文献
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《Livestock Production Science》2003,79(2-3):169-182
Herbage intake and utilisation were measured in 12 Simmental and 12 Angus suckler cows with Angus sired calves grazing one subalpine (1000 m o.d. (ordinance datium)) and two alpine pastures (first and secondary growth; 2000 m). Calving periods were late autumn and late winter for both breeds. Herbage dry matter intake of cows and calves, determined with slow-release alkane capsules, increased from subalpine to alpine pastures from 11.9 to 15.8 and 1.1 to 3.5 kg/day, respectively. Nitrogen (N) intake was highest on regrowth pasture. Simmental cows consumed more herbage than Angus cows, even when corrected for metabolic body weight. Their calves did not differ in herbage consumption although crossbred calves had significantly higher daily gains (+16%) than Angus calves. Dam breed effects on N and phosphorous (P) excretion and N utilisation were small when corrected for differences in intake (higher in the Simmental groups). Compared to winter-calving, autumn-calving resulted in cows gaining weight but also resulted in lower daily gains of the calves despite higher herbage intake. This increased N and P losses per unit of weight gain even when calculated for cows and calves together. Accordingly, late-winter calving is advantageous for this type of alpine grazing system. 相似文献
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高寒山区旱作条件下细茎冰草生产性能测定 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
通过3年的测定结果表明,细茎冰草Agropyron trachycaulum cv.Slender在青海东部农业区的高寒山区旱作条件下,可以安全越冬,越冬率为86%～90%,第2和3年的平均干草产量分别为3 856.6,5 386.7 kg/hm2,籽实产量分别为897,1 150 kg/hm2,生育期133～140 d,属中、晚熟多年生优良禾本科牧草品种,适合在海拔为2 750 m左右的旱作条件下种植,具有良好的推广前景. 相似文献