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1.
鸡传染性支气管炎病毒(IBV)具有不同致病特性,将IBV XDC-2株接种9日龄SPF鸡胚培养,可引起鸡胚死亡和出现侏儒胚,病毒EID50达5×10-5.33/mL。将IBV XDC-2株接种18日龄SPF鸡,饲养观察14 d,病鸡临床症状表现为:精神沉郁,羽毛凌乱,双翅下垂,轻微腹泻,多数拉白色水样稀粪。病死鸡出现肾肿大、呈花斑状、大量尿酸盐沉积。鸡发病率为100%,死亡率为25%。死亡鸡肺脏、肾组织制作组织切片,发现病理变化明显,主要为:肾小管扩张,上皮细胞呈玻璃样变性,部分管腔内可见坏死脱落之上皮细胞,于肾间质可见大量单核细胞浸润,肾间质有充血、出血现象;肺内动脉、毛细血管充血,淋巴细胞浸润。死亡鸡肺脏、肾组织接种鸡胚分离病毒,RT-PCR检测结果为阳性,表明该分离株为鸡传染性支气管炎病毒,具有很强的嗜肾性。  相似文献   

2.
Pang Y  Wang H  Girshick T  Xie Z  Khan MI 《Avian diseases》2002,46(3):691-699
A multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was developed and optimized to simultaneously detect 6 avian respiratory pathogens. Six sets of specific oligonucleotide primers for infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), avian influenza virus (AIV), infectious laryngotracheitis virus (ILTV), Newcastle disease virus (NDV), Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG), and Mycoplasma synoviae (MS) were used respectively in the test. With the use of agarose gel electrophoresis for detection of the PCR-amplified DNA products, the sensitivity of detection was between 10 pg for IBV, AIV, MG, and ILTV and 100 pg for NDV and MS after 35 cycles of PCR. Similar sensitivity of these primers was achieved with chickens experimentally infected with respiratory pathogens. In experimental infections, the multiplex PCR was able to detect all the infected chickens in each group at I and 2 wk postinfection as compared with serologic tests at 2 wk postinfection that confirmed the presence of specific antibodies. The multiplex PCR was also able to detect and differentiate coinfections with two or more pathogens. No specific DNA amplification for respiratory avian pathogens was observed among noninoculated birds kept separately as a negative control group.  相似文献   

3.
Eight poultry farms in Nigeria, including chickens from nine breeder, 14 broiler, 28 pullet, 11 layer, and three cockerel flocks, were tested for antibody seroprevalence to the following poultry viruses of potential economic importance: infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), avian reovirus, avian pneumovirus (APV), infectious laryngotracheitis virus (ILTV), avian influenza virus (AIV), and avian leukosis virus (ALV). Serum samples were collected between 1999 and 2004 and were tested for antibodies using commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. Seroprevalence was very high for IBV (84%); intermediate for reovirus (41%), APV (40%), and ILTV (20%); and very low for ALV (<5%) antibodies. By commercial ELISA, the seroprevalence of antibodies against AIV was, in some flocks, up to 63%. However, more specific assays did not confirm AIV antibodies, indicating that all flocks tested were free of avian influenza antibodies. Birds seemed to be first infected by IBV (at about 7 wk of age), then by reovirus at 12 wk, before they became infected by APV (week 25) and ILTV (week 30). This is the first report of serological evidence of the above viruses in West Africa. Further studies are necessary to assess economic losses due to these avian viruses and the costs and benefits of countermeasures.  相似文献   

4.
L Yu  Y Jiang  S Low  Z Wang  S J Nam  W Liu  J Kwangac 《Avian diseases》2001,45(2):416-424
Outbreaks of an avian disease in infectious bronchitis-vaccinated chickens in China have led to the characterization of coronaviral isolates Q1, J2, and T3, which were isolated from proventricular tissues of the affected young layer flocks. Serologic analysis revealed that they could induce high titers of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) antibodies in inoculated specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chickens in indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay but were not neutralized by antisera specific to the IBV serotype M41 and the Australian T strain. In a pathogenicity experiment, the clinical signs and related gross lesions resembling those of field outbreaks were reproduced in SPF chickens, and viruses were reisolated from the damaged tissues, including trachea, proventriculus, duodenum, and cecal tonsil. Sequence data demonstrated the complete S1 amino acid sequences of these isolates were almost identical despite recovery from geographically different areas in China and had 47.3%-82.3% similarity in comparison with the 47 published S1 sequences. On the basis of genotyping and limited serology, the three isolates, which were responsible for field outbreaks of the disease, might be a new IBV variant.  相似文献   

5.
A stable recombinant fowl poxvirus (rFPV) expressing the C-terminal region (119 amino acids) of the nucleocapsid (N) protein of an infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) strain Ch3 was constructed by inserting the coding sequence within the thymidine kinase gene of fowl poxvirus (FPV) by homologous recombination. The N protein was expressed under control of the vaccinia virus promoter P7.5 in chicken embryo fibroblast cell cultures as seen in immunofluorescence assay and in rFPV-inoculated specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chickens by detecting antibodies with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). A homologous IBV strain (Ch3) and two heterologous IBV strains (Ch5 and H4) were used to inoculate SPF chickens in a challenge to examine the protective efficacy of the rFPV. When the chickens were challenged with IBV Ch3 or Ch5, the control birds had respiratory signs of infections bronchitis, whereas all the vaccinated birds were clinically normal although low levels of the IBV infection were detected by a differential ELISA. In contrast, in the chickens challenged with IBV H4, all control birds and vaccinated birds suffered from the highly lethal IBV H4 infection. Our results suggest that the C-terminal 119 amino acid of the nucleocapsid expressed by FPV is a host-protective antigen and may induce cross-protective immunity against illness among some IBV strains.  相似文献   

6.
Specific-pathogen-free chickens were tested for local antibody response after respiratory exposure to live avian infectious bronchitis virus (IBV). Tracheobronchial secretions were obtained after intraocular-intratracheal vaccinations with Holland and Massachusetts 41 strains IBV. Low levels of immunoglobulin (Ig)A and IgG virus-neutralizing antibodies were detected in secretions after each of two vaccinations with a moderate dose (10(4) EID50), neutralizing activity in secretions was found mainly in IgG antibody. Only challenge exposure to Holland IBV resulted in a marked secondary secretion antibody response.  相似文献   

7.
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8.
OBJECTIVE: To identify and partially characterize a coronaviruslike virus isolated from naturally infected pigeons. ANIMALS: 50 specific pathogen-free (SPF) embryonated chicken eggs, 30 White Leghorn SPF chickens, and 12 clinically normal pigeons. PROCEDURES: Pancreatic tissue specimens from sick pigeons were inoculated into SPF embryonated chicken eggs for viral isolation and investigation of morphologic and hemagglutinating properties of the isolate, called PSH050513. Furthermore, virulence studies in SPF chickens and experimental pigeons were performed. The spike (S) glycoprotein gene of PSH050513 was further sequenced and analyzed. RESULTS: PSH050513 was isolated and identified from the experimentally infected pigeons by a routine method, which was in accordance with Koch's postulates. The complete S protein (1,167 amino acids) was compared with published S protein sequences of other avian and mammalian coronaviruses. A high degree of sequence identity (79.3% to 99.6%) was observed between the S protein sequence of PSH050513 and published sequences of avian infectious bronchitis virus (IBV); only limited identity (< 37.8%) was observed with turkey coronavirus and mammalian coronaviruses. Furthermore, when the virus was inoculated into SPF chickens, pancreatitis developed. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: PSH050513 has been tentatively identified as a novel member of group 3 coronaviruses that have close genetic relationships with IBV strains.  相似文献   

9.
从黑龙江省某鸡场发病鸡群的肾脏中分离到一株病毒,通过病毒致SPF鸡胚病变特征、对鸡外周血红细胞凝集特性、病毒粒子形态学特征以及RT-PCR鉴定等方面的研究,表明该病毒为鸡传染性支气管炎病毒,并命名为CK/CH/LHLJ/04V。通过对该病毒基因型分析以及对SPF鸡致病性试验发现该病毒为我国近年来流行的一类重要IBV的代表。将该毒株在SPF鸡胚连续传代110代(P110),取不同代次毒进行动物实验。结果显示,该毒株对SPF雏鸡的致病力随鸡胚传代次数的增加而逐渐降低。P110代毒以105.0 EID50/0.1 mL的剂量通过点眼滴鼻接种15日龄SPF雏鸡,鸡群发病率和死亡率均为0。不同代次毒接种SPF鸡对同源毒株P3代强毒的攻击均具有100%保护性。实验表明,IBV毒株CK/CH/LHLJ/04V P110对SPF雏鸡已无致病性,但仍具有良好的免疫原性,可作为研制IB弱毒疫苗的候选毒株。  相似文献   

10.
A Brée  M Dho  J P Lafont 《Avian diseases》1989,33(1):134-139
Adhesion to epithelial respiratory cells, iron acquisition, and production of K1 polysaccharide capsules have been proposed as potential virulence factors of avian Escherichia coli. These factors were studied by inoculating groups of axenic or specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chickens intratracheally with O2 E. coli strains after previous challenge with a wild strain of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV). In all experiments, the association between IBV and an E. coli strain endowed with the three virulence factors previously mentioned resulted in the most severe pathological effects, as measured by mortality, weight gains, lesions, and reisolation of E. coli from internal organs. An E. coli strain devoid of virulence factors was able only to induce mild pathological effects restricted to the respiratory tract when combined with IBV. Both E. coli strains were more invasive in axenic chickens than in SPF chickens. These results confirm the probable involvement of the three factors studied in the pathogenic properties of avian E. coli. This model can be used to assess the role of virulence factors, by comparing pairs of positive and negative isogenic strains.  相似文献   

11.
我国鸡传染性支气管炎病毒LD3/01/07的分离鉴定   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  
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12.
Survey of infectious coryza of chickens in Indonesia.   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
A survey of infectious coryza of chickens was performed in West Jawa of Indonesia between 1987 to 1988 by the detection of hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) antibody against Haemophilus paragallinarum (Hpg) in non-vaccinated healthy laying (12 farms, 196 chickens) and native (8 farms, 197 chickens) chickens. HI antibodies against Hpg were detected not only in the native chickens but also in the laying chickens, regardless of the district, and were observed in 70% (14/20) of farms and 19% (73/393) of chickens. HI antibodies against serotype A were detected from 11 farms (55%) and 11% (45/393) in chickens. Those against serotype C were detected from 5 farms (25%) and 8% (30/393) in chickens. Three Hpg strains were isolated from different chickens affected with infectious coryza. Two of them were identified as type A and the other as type C by the rapid plate agglutination test. These results demonstrated that the outbreaks of infectious coryza caused by serotype A and C strains had occurred in Indonesia.  相似文献   

13.
单抗免疫过氧化物酶技术检测鸡传染性支气管炎病毒   总被引：11，自引：3，他引：8  
以抗鸡传染性支气管病毒（ＩＢＶ）核衣壳蛋白（Ｎ）的单抗株６ＤＨ８作为一抗,以辣根过氧化物酶标记的羊抗鼠ＩｇＧ作为二抗,建立了检测石蜡切片中ＩＢＶ抗原的单抗免疫过氧化物酶技术（Ｍｃ－ＩＰ）,并对人工攻毒鸡及临床ＩＢＶ感染疑似鸡进行了检测。在ＩＢＶＭ４１株人工攻毒鸡,用该技术于１～１２ｄ从气管、２～７ｄ从肾脏可以检测到ＩＢＶ抗原,阳性染色集中于气管粘膜上皮细胞及肾小管上皮细胞胞浆;临床疑为ＩＢＶ感染的病鸡,以Ｍｃ－ＩＰ技术和单抗免疫荧光试验（Ｍｃ－ＩＦＡ）同时进行检测,结果阳性率分别为９０．３％及８３．９％。  相似文献   

14.
Attenuation of avian infectious bronchitis virus by cold-adaptation.   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
Avian infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) Arkansas-type DPI strain was passaged 10 times in specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chicken embryos incubated at 28 C and 37 C. Virus grown at 28 C acquired cold-adapted (CA) and temperature-sensitive (TS) characteristics based on more-rapid growth at 28 C and a reduced ability to grown at 41 C, respectively, compared with non-cold-adapted (non-CA) virus grown at 37 C. The pathogenicity and immunogenicity were determined for CA and non-CA IBV in 1-day-old SPF chickens following intratracheal inoculation. The percentage of CA IBV-vaccinated chicks exhibiting respiratory disease exceeded 30% on only 1 day postinoculation (PI) (day 5 PI), compared with 8 days (days 2-9 PI) for birds given non-CA IBV. Mortality was 0% for CA IBV-vaccinated chickens and 6% for non-CA virus-vaccinated chickens. Microscopically, both CA and non-CA IBV caused diffuse tracheal deciliation, although mucosal hyperplasia, necrosis, and heterophil infiltration were more severe with non-CA IBV. Virus was reisolated from kidneys of chickens given CA IBV, suggesting the loss of the TS property. The instability of the TS property was confirmed by growth of the reisolated virus at 41 C. Both CA and non-CA viruses induced complete protection against homologous challenge virus infection of the upper respiratory tract.  相似文献   

15.
将鸡传染性贫血病毒（Chicken infectious anemia virus,CIAV or CAV）和马立克氏病病毒（Marek s dis-ease virus,MDV）人工单一和共同感染1日龄的SPF鸡,感染后分别于14、21、28、35日龄检测鸡体红细胞压积的变化,并检测鸡群疫苗免疫3周后的抗体反应,以探讨CAV与MDV共感染对鸡体的免疫抑制是否有协同作用。结果表明,在血液分析方面,CAV与MDV共感染组较病毒单一感染组与对照组差异极显著,共感染不仅加重了鸡群贫血现象,而且延长了贫血的病理症状;而在禽流感病毒（Avian influenza virus,AIV）H5/H9疫苗、新城疫病毒（Newcastle disease virus,NDV）疫苗和传染性法氏囊病毒（Infectious bursal disease virus,IBDV）疫苗免疫后3周的抗体检测中,CAV与MDV共感染组较其它各实验组差异极显著,抗体滴度大大低于其它实验组;此外,CAV与MDV共感染组,鸡体生长状况明显差于实验各组,有6只鸡只死亡（6/25）,比病毒单一感染时的死亡率大大增加。综上研究证明,CAV与MDV共感染在免疫抑制作用上有协同作用。  相似文献   

16.
A specific pathogen free (SPF) chicken flock was reared in isolation under laboratory conditions during five years and continuously tested for presence of specified avian pathogens. The potential occurrence of avian leukosis virus (ALV) was most thoroughly examined. The RIF and neutralization tests were unequivocally negative. Radioimmunoassay was used for detecting the presence of the major protein (gs-a) of the group-specific antigen of avian onoorna viruses. This test seemed to he well suited for checking ALV infections in chicken flocks whereas the COFAL (complement fixation avian leukosis) test was considered unreliable for this purpose. Yolk and serum from SPF chickens were negative for anti-gs-a antibodies measured by the radioimmunoassay; immunized or naturally infected birds showed anti-gs-a amounts correlating with the neutralizing titre. Besides, the flock was regularly tested for presence of seven other contagious avian pathogens. There was no evidence of infection.SPF chicken flock; avian leukosis; laboratory diagnosis of avian leukosis virus infections.  相似文献   

17.
为验证新兽药白虎定喘口服液的药效作用,进行了鸡传染性支气管炎病毒（infectious bronchitis virus,IBV）鸡胚增殖抑制试验、气管纤毛运动试验及SPF雏鸡人工感染IBV疗效试验。将试验药液与等量IBV液混合作用后,接种11日龄SPF鸡胚,37℃孵育168 h,取存活鸡胚肾脏进行IBV的RT-PCR检测,结果表明,药物组168 h鸡胚存活率为80%,阳性对照组为20%,两组间差异显著（P<0.05）;试验药物组RT-PCR检测无目的条带出现,而阳性对照组有目的条带出现。40日龄SPF鸡连续用药3 d后,气管内注入0.02 mL墨汁,测量1 min内墨汁移动的距离,结果表明药物组墨汁移动距离极显著大于生理盐水对照组（P<0.01）。17日龄SPF鸡用IBV-M41滴鼻,0.3 mL/只,24 h后开始灌服药液,1 mL/kg,连用5 d,结果表明,试验药物组与攻毒对照组在临床症状计分、痊愈率上均存在显著差异（P<0.05）;试验组气管黏膜组织切片未见明显病变,而阳性对照组有明显病理变化。以上试验结果表明,白虎定喘口服液对IBV具有较好的体外抑制作用,可显著促进气管纤毛的运动,对鸡传染性支气管炎（IB）具有较好的临床防制效果。  相似文献   

18.
试验旨在探讨不同来源的传染性支气管炎病毒(Infectious bronchitis virus,IBV)诱导SPF鸡发病的免疫机制。选用140只1日龄SPF白来航鸡,随机分为4组,3组攻毒组通过滴鼻点眼途径分别接种鸡源IBV强毒株、鸡源IBV弱毒株和野鸡源IBV毒株3个毒株,对照组以同种方式接种等量灭菌的磷酸盐缓冲液。在感染后12 h、36 h、72 h、7 d和14 d,每组随机选取5只进行剖检,并分别采集法氏囊、肾脏和气管组织,剩余鸡用于观察临床症状、发病及死亡情况。应用实时荧光定量PCR检测攻毒后不同时间点采集的各组织中IBV的病毒载量、Toll样受体(Toll-like receptors,TLRs)及部分细胞因子(白细胞介素(interleukin,IL)和干扰素(interferon,IFN))表达量的变化。结果显示,感染不同来源IBV毒株之后仅鸡源IBV强毒株感染组SPF鸡出现抑郁、翅膀下垂、甩头等典型的临床症状,且在感染后5~10 d共有7只死亡,死亡率为20%。病理剖检发现,感染鸡源IBV强毒株的鸡肾脏肿大、尿酸盐沉积和有花斑样病变,而感染野鸡源IBV毒株、鸡源IBV弱毒株和对照组的鸡无明显的眼观病变。实时荧光定量PCR结果显示,在鸡源IBV强毒株组的法氏囊、肾脏和气管3个组织中均检测到病毒。对照组和野鸡源IBV毒株组中均未检测到病毒,鸡源IBV弱毒株组只在部分组织中检测到病毒。在感染后72 h,鸡源IBV强毒株组与其他各组相比,TLR1、TLR2、TLR3、TLR5、TLR7和TLR15基因在法氏囊中的表达量均显著升高(P<0.05),IL-6和IFN-β参与更强烈的抗病毒免疫反应;在感染后7 d,鸡源IBV弱毒株组与其他各组相比,肾脏中TLR2、TLR3、TLR15、TLR21、IL-6和IL-18基因表达量均显著升高(P<0.05)。野鸡源IBV感染后36 h法氏囊组织中IFN-γ基因表达量显著上调(P<0.05)。综上所述,3个IBV毒株中仅鸡源IBV强毒感染引起SPF鸡典型临床发病症状与可视组织病变,且可提高SPF鸡组织中免疫相关因子的基因表达量。本研究结果揭示,不同来源的IBV对SPF鸡的不同致病性与其感染诱导的免疫反应不同有关。  相似文献   

19.
为了调查种蛋中禽骨髓细胞瘤病毒的母源抗体 ,从北京、山东、内蒙古地区共 4个种鸡场购买种蛋抽取蛋清共 55份 ,其中肉鸡种蛋清3 8份 ,蛋鸡种蛋清 1 7份 ,在 AL V-Jgp85抗原包被的 96孔板中进行微量滴定 ,两个肉鸡场种蛋中 AL V-J母源抗体阳性率分别为 3 .3 3 % (1 /3 0 ) ,2 5% (2 / 8) ,两个蛋鸡场种蛋中 AL V-J母源抗体阳性率分别为 3 3 .3 % (3 / 9) ,3 7.5% (3 / 8)。  相似文献   

20.
In order to verify the effect of Baihu Dingchuan oral liquid of new veterinary drugs,the effects of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) on the proliferation inhibition test, tracheal cilia movement test and SPF chickens infected with IBV were tested.The test solution was mixed with an equal amount of IBV solution,inoculation of 11-day-old SPF chicken embryo,incubation at 37℃ for 168 h.RT-PCR was performed to detect IBV in kidney of live chick embryo.The results showed that the survival rate of 168 h chicken embryo was 80% in the drug group,but the positive control group was 20%, and there was significant difference between two groups (P<0.05). In the test drug group, no band was detected by RT-PCR, but the target band appeared in the positive control group.After 40 days old SPF chickens were administered continuously for 3 days, 0.02 mL of ink was injected into the trachea. The distance of ink movement in 1 min was measured. The results showed that the migration distance of ink was extremely significantly higher than that of saline control group (P<0.01).In the 17-day-old SPF chickens, IBV-M41 was infused into the nasal mucosa with 0.3 mL. After 24 h, 1 mL/kg was administered for 5 days. The results showed that there were significant differences in clinical symptom score and cure rate between the test drug group and the control group (P<0.05). There was no significant pathological changes in the tracheal mucosa of the experimental group, but the pathological changes in the positive control group were significant. The above results showed that Baihu Dingchuan oral liquid had good inhibitory effect on IBV in vitro, which could promote the movement of tracheal cilia, and had good clinical control effect on infectious bronchitis.  相似文献   

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