共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
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1988年秋,在北京和内蒙的大白菜上发生一种叶斑病,难以确诊何种病害,从其病叶分离到10个菌株,做了致病性测定,革兰氏染色、菌体形态、培养性状、生理生化反应,DNA的G+C含量测定及血清学反应鉴定,结果证明,这10个菌株均属菊苣假单胞菌Pseudomonas cichorii (Swingle) Stapp 1928。该病菌国内无发生记载,对大白菜危害国内外未曾有过报导,称之大白菜细菌性叶斑病。经人工喷雾接种结果表明,该病菌除危害大白菜和油菜外,还能不同程度地侵染甘蓝、菜花、番茄、青椒、芹菜、莴笋、芥菜、萝卜、黄瓜和菜豆,但不能侵染甜菜。 相似文献
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用大白菜6个品种和软腐欧氏杆菌(Erwinia carotovora subsp.carotovora)致病力等性状不同的3个菌株测定表明,病菌对根毛吸附的菌量与对根系侵入的菌量间有正相关关系。吸附表现出可逆和不可逆两种状态,试验中用改进的方法对它们作了定量研究。可逆吸附发生和完成的最早时间分别是1~5和10~15分钟,此时用水洗法可使28~100%的菌体解吸附。不可逆吸附发生和完成的时间分别为15和30分钟,菌体以静止不动为特征,只能由解吸附剂处理而部分地解吸附。在接种后15分钟,可逆吸附逐渐向不可逆吸附转化,条件是病菌对根毛表面的种群压力必须保持在最初接种液含菌量的50%以上。病菌吸附还表现出根毛区段的差别,常以根毛顶端吸附菌量较高。 相似文献
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大白菜对软腐病抗性的快速鉴定方法研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过3个试验研究各种因素对活体接种软腐细菌后的大白菜软腐病发病的影响,建立了一套大白菜对软腐病抗性的快速鉴定方法。通过接种后空气湿度对软腐病发病的影响,得出最佳发病湿度在90%以上;通过L9(34)有重复的正交试验,研究接种方法、苗龄、接种液对软腐病发病的影响,得出最佳接种方法是用刀片轻划4道小伤口、最佳苗龄为7~8叶期、适宜接种液为液体培养基悬浮液;通过接种浓度对软腐病发病的影响试验,得出最佳接种液孢子量为1013个/mL;病情指数调查均在接种后第7天。 相似文献
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一种测定大白菜霜霉病菌对甲霜灵敏感性方法的建立及应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
建立了一种新方法—离体子叶浸泡法并用于大白菜霜霉病菌对甲霜灵敏感性的检测。离体子叶在含有0.005%吐温20和0.1%丙酮的甲霜灵中浸泡3h后,接种浓度为1×104孢子囊/mL的大白菜霜霉病菌孢子囊悬浮液,保湿培养6d后观察子叶发病状况。采用离体子叶浸泡法测定了50株大白菜霜霉病菌对甲霜灵的敏感性,结果显示部分大白菜霜霉病菌菌株对甲霜灵的敏感性降低,有抗药性亚群体出现。研究表明离体子叶浸泡法重复性好,具有较高的敏感性和精密度,符合生产实际,适用于大白菜霜霉病菌对杀菌剂的敏感性检测。 相似文献
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用吸附竞争试验,测定了8种细菌共10个菌株对大白菜软腐欧氏杆菌(Erwinia carotovorasubsp.carotovora)菌株 RL4在大白菜根表吸附的竞争作用。竞争菌的吸附竞争作用与它们对大白菜根表的吸附能力相一致,在等量混合接种时,只有能对大白菜根表发生吸附的7个菌株表现出程度不同的吸附竞争能力,其中以菌株 BCE 4(RL 4是从它筛选出的抗利福平菌株)竞争最强,它也是对寄主根表吸附能力最强的菌株,其吸附竞争作用最高可达98%,不表现1∶1的数量关系。RL4和 BCE4的热杀死菌体不发生吸附竞争。发生吸附竞争的有效时间为竞争菌对根表预吸附15分钟以后,或病菌(RL4)吸附15分钟以前。 相似文献
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为大白菜抗黑斑病新品种选育和种质创新,对陕西省春夏大白菜黑斑病进行调查、病样采集、病菌分离及形态和分子鉴定。结果表明,甘蓝链格孢Alternaria brassicicola是唯一病原。利用3个不同抗性的白菜品种研究了孢子浓度、苗龄和温度对大白菜黑斑病发病的影响,建立了大白菜抗甘蓝链格孢黑斑病的人工接种鉴定方法,即采用二叶期幼苗,以1×104pfu/mL孢子浓度喷雾接种,随后置25℃条件下,先黑暗下保湿24h,接着正常管理3天,从第4天开始夜间保湿,白天揭开,第8天保湿24h后调查发病情况,其结果客观反映大白菜品种的抗病性能。 相似文献
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大白菜、包菜（甘蓝）“干烧心病”,是一种缺钙所致的常见生理病害。该病危害的面积和程度,远比黑腐病、软腐病大而重,严重影响大白菜等作物的产量和质量。大白菜患了“干烧心病”后,结球、包心依旧正常,受病的菜球,外包叶不显任何症状。但将叶球纵剖,会发现中、内层叶,部... 相似文献
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用3种试验方法测定了大白菜细菌凝集素(Agin-SD60)和软腐欧氏杆菌脂多精(LPS),在双方接触识别中的作用。在吸附抑制试验中,来自大白菜和马铃曾的Agin-SD60显示约98%的吸附抑制效应,另3种植物的Agin-SD60及大白菜外源凝集素(lectin)和细咆壁蛋白质(CWP)无明显作用;同时用不同种类的7个菌侏的LPS作测定,只有病菌的LPS吸附抑制作用明显(93.37%),其胞外多糖(EPS)也无作用。在菌体凝集试验中,也只有大白菜和马铃薯的Agin-SD60表现50%~100%的凝集活性。在琼脂双扩散试验中,寄主Agin-SD60可与病菌菌体及其LPS发生免疫沉淀。这些结果说明,Agin-SD60和菌体LPS在大白菜与软幅欧氏杆菌接触识别中分别作为植物识别子(cognor)和细菌识别子(cognon)起作用。 相似文献
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To examine whether the pathogenic bacterium, Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora, causal agent of soft rot of Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris L., pekinensis group), can overwinter in plant debris and soil and serve as inoculum the following year, we monitored field
populations of rifampicin-resistant, phage-sensitive strains of the bacterium. Chinese cabbage (cv. Matsushima Kohai W1116)
were planted in field soil in pots that were sunk into the field on Aug. 2, 1996 and eventually reduced to one plant per pot.
Outer petioles of the plants were inoculated with mixture of 13 bacterial strains of E. carotovora subsp. carotovora on Sept.5, 1996. After the soft rot spread throughout the plant, the diseased plant was buried in the potted soil. New seeds
were sown in the pots on April 30, 1997, and the disease was observed in June and July. The bacterial strains were re-isolated
from the potted soil, diseased tissue and rhizosphere soil by the dilution plating method on modified Drigalski's medium containing
100 ppm rifampicin and by the enrichment technique. In addition to rifampicin resistance, phage sensitivities of some of the
re-isolated strains were identical to those of the strains buried in the soil with the diseased plant in the previous year.
From these results, some of the 13 strains overwintered in the soil and infested plant tissue and acted as primary inoculum
the following year. The frequency of re-isolation varied among the strains, perhaps because of competition among the strains,
differences in epidemiological behavior and stabilizing selection among the strains, and the presence of different ecotypes
of the organism.
Received 21 July 2000/ Accepted in revised form 19 September 2000 相似文献
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彩色马蹄莲欧文氏菌PCR检测 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用聚合酶链式反应(PCR)技术检测彩色马蹄莲欧文氏菌纯培养和彩色马蹄莲样品,并用分离培养技术加以验证。结果表明,PCR能特异地检测出所有10个彩色马蹄莲欧文氏菌菌株,并证实了昆明地区侵染彩色马蹄莲的细菌为胡萝卜软腐欧文氏菌(Erwiniacarotovora subsp.carotovora)。PCR与分离培养技术检测结果基本一致,但总体上PCR检测阳性率稍高于分离培养检测的发病率。接种马铃薯、大白菜24h后接种点处均出现明显软腐症状。该项技术具有更高的灵敏度,适用于彩色马蹄莲种苗的检测和病害流行学研究。 相似文献
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Hiroyuki Matsumoto Masahiro Umehara Hironobu Muroi Yoshimasa Yoshitake Shinji Tsuyumu 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2003,69(3):189-193
Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora (Ecc) is a causal agent of soft-rot diseases in a wide variety of plants. Here, we have isolated nonmotile mutants in Ecc
by in vivo insertional mutagenesis using a transposon Tn5. The sequence disrupted by the Tn5 insertion in YMU1 and YMU5 mutants was highly homologous to that of flhC and flhD genes, respectively. They are involved in the initiation of the expression of flagellum-related genes in many gram-negative
bacteria such as Escherichia coli and Salmonella. With electron microscopy, the flhC and the flhD homolog mutants were shown to be aflagellate. Furthermore, the virulence of these mutants was greatly reduced in Chinese
cabbage and potato compared to that of the parental strain. These results suggest that flagellar formation is required for
the pathogenicity of Ecc.
Received: November 5, 2002 / Accepted: December 2, 2002
Acknowledgments This research was supported in part by Grant-in-Aid (12052210) and by a grant from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports,
Science, and Technology of Japan (13073). 相似文献
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Phenotypic and genetic characteristics of nine bacterial strains isolated from mulberry ( Morus spp.), which were originally described as Erwinia carotovora ssp. carotovora (Ecc), were investigated. Based on the results of biochemical tests, these bacterial strains were divided into two different types, type 1 and type 2. Two strains of type 1 were similar to Ecc, whereas seven strains of type 2 were distinct from Ecc. A polyphasic study that included serological assay, specific PCR assay for E. carotovora ssp. atroseptica (Eca), PCR-RFLP of a pectate lyase ( pel ) gene and RAPD-PCR was performed on the type 2 strains, and the data were compared with those of related E. carotovora subspecies. The results of serological and specific PCR assays for Eca showed that the type 2 strains were distinct from Eca. In RFLP analysis of the pel gene using Sau 3AI, the type 2 strains showed a unique RFLP pattern. On the basis of RAPD analysis, similarity of RAPD patterns within the type 2 strains was very high. A unique RAPD fragment was isolated from the type 2 strains and used as a probe for Southern hybridization. This probe hybridized only with PCR products from the type 2 strains. Based on phenotypic, serological and genetic characteristics, the type 2 strains isolated from mulberry may belong to a distinct E. carotovora subspecies other than Eca or Ecc. 相似文献
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几种化学物质诱导彩色马蹄莲对软腐病抗性的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本试验测定了纳米硅、草酸、硅酸钠和硫酸亚铁4种化学物质在不同浓度下对彩色马蹄莲软腐病菌的室内抑菌活性和诱导抗病效果。结果表明,硫酸亚铁3种浓度对彩色马蹄莲软腐病菌均表现较强的抑制作用;1 g/L纳米硅、0.15 g/L草酸和0.2 g/L硅酸钠3种化学物质对软腐病菌无明显抑制作用且诱导抗病效果较好,分别达到62.28%、77.56%、88.46%;经3种化学物质诱导处理后再进行接种,诱导处理和接种期间彩色马蹄莲叶片组织内过氧化物酶(POD)、苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)、多酚氧化酶(PPO)酶活性均高于对照,其中硅酸钠处理后彩色马蹄莲叶片组织内POD、PAL活性高于纳米硅和草酸处理,草酸处理后叶片组织内PPO活性高于纳米硅和硅酸钠处理。 相似文献
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本文通过三亲交配将带有梨火疫欧文氏杆菌功能完整的hrp基因簇的重组粘粒pCPP430转移到了胡萝卜软腐欧氏杆菌(Erwinia carotovora) Se9R中。从接合子中提纯的质粒与pCPP430的大小、酶切图谱相同;以该质粒为模板,用针对hrpN序列的引物经PCR扩增得到与hrpN大小相同的片段;用地高辛标记的hrpN作为探针进行Southern blotting分析,在接合子中的质粒上得到预期的杂交带。接合子可以在烟草叶片上稳定地引起过敏反应。另外,接合子可以在寄主马铃薯叶片上引起过敏反应样枯斑,表明异源harpin的表达及功能不受软腐菌的抑制。该接合子在体外产生的果胶酸裂解酶活性与受体菌Se9R无明显差别。低浓度的接合子在马铃薯块茎上的软腐症状明显低于受体菌Se9R。外源harpin表达可能不改变软腐欧氏杆菌的致病力、而是通过诱导马铃薯抗性达到减轻发病的作用。 相似文献
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芸苔链格孢菌毒素对白菜细胞膜透性、SOD酶和POD酶活性的影响 总被引：30，自引：2，他引：28
本文以白菜幼苗为材料,研究了芸苔链格孢菌毒素(AB-毒素)对白菜叶片细胞膜透性及叶片内SOD酶、POD酶活性变化的影响。结果表明,白菜叶片用AB-毒素处理后,细胞膜透性增大,且随处理时间的延长和毒素浓度的增加而增高。不同白菜品种用毒素处理后膜透性的改变与病菌接种的发病程度呈正相关,即电导率大的白菜品种,叶片发病也重。试验结果还发现,芸苔链格孢菌及其毒素处理白菜后,体内SOD酶和POD酶活性的变化基本趋于一致,即处理后12 h内急剧下降,然后(12~48 h)活性上升。而对照处理基本变化不大。可见,芸苔链格孢菌毒素表现了与其病原菌一致的致病作用。 相似文献