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1.
白菜型油菜八氢番茄红素合酶基因BrPSY的克隆与序列分析 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
八氢番茄红素合酶（PSY）是类胡萝卜素合成途经的第一个关键限速酶,对类胡萝卜素合成起着重要的控制作用。本研究利用电子克隆技术,从油菜EST数据库中找到与拟南芥PSY基因高度同源的油菜EST序列,通过人工拼接及RT-PCR、RACE的方法,克隆得到白菜型油菜BrPSY基因全长cDNA的序列,提交GenBank,被命名为BrPSY（GenBank登记号EU138883）。BrPSY包含168bp的5’前导序列、69bp的3’不翻译序列和1 278bp的完整开放读码框（ORF）,编码47.6 kDa的蛋白质。序列比对结果表明,BrPSY蛋白与其它植物的PSY蛋白具有很高的相似性;系统进化树分析表明,BrPSY与拟南芥亲缘关系最近。在全长cDNA序列的基础上,设计引物从白菜型油菜DNA中克隆得到BrPSY基因的全长DNA序列,含有7个外显子和6个内含子。 相似文献
2.
茶树八氢番茄红素脱氢酶cDNA全长克隆与表达分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
八氢番茄红素脱氢酶是类胡萝卜素生物合成途径的关键酶之一。本实验采用3’/5’RACE和RTPCR技术成功扩增出茶树八氢番茄红素脱氢酶基因（PDS）的3’端和5’端序列,序列拼接获得全长cDNA序列,命名为CsPDS,并将其登录至GenBank,登录号KF646537。经生物信息学分析,所得基因cDNA序列全长为2295 bp,开放阅读框（ORF）1749 bp,编码582个氨基酸,预测分子量约为64.86 kDa,理论等电点（PI）为6.77,属于亲水性蛋白。该基因编码的氨基酸序列与柿树PDS序列的同源性达到87%,多序列比对表明茶树PDS具有高度保守区域,基于邻接法的进化树显示与柿树、葡萄的亲缘关系最近。实时荧光定量PCR分析结果显示,CsPDS在‘黄金芽’体内表达没有受抑制,表明‘黄金芽’黄色白化可能不是在CsPDS基因转录水平异常而引起。 相似文献
3.
为探讨山茶重瓣花形成的机理，在山茶A和B类基因研究的基础上，通过同源基因查找分析，从山茶（Camellia japonica）重瓣品种‘金盘荔枝’（‘Jinpan Lizhi’）早期花芽中克隆了长度为1 418 bp的C类基因CjAG1全长cDNA序列（Genbank登录号JX843816），包括长度为224 bp的5′非编码区、768 bp的编码区和426 bp的3′非编码区三部分。基因编码的蛋白质包含258个氨基酸残基，属于不稳定亲水性蛋白，α-螺旋和无规则卷曲构成了其结构骨架。Real-time P 相似文献
4.
利用模式植物拟南芥AtPex16p/sse1基因序列与油菜数据库BBSRC BrassicaDB比对,得到甘蓝型油菜(Brassica napus)同源EST序列,拼接出油菜Pex16p基因全长cDNA电子克隆,然后设计全长引物,以甘蓝型油菜种子cDNA为模板,克隆Pex16p基因,得到全长为1 101bp的cDNA,编码366个氨基酸的蛋白,命名为BnPex16p。BnPex16p基因序列与拟南芥AtPex16p/sse1同源,其蛋白与拟南芥同源蛋白具有完全相同的PTS2型过氧化物酶体定位肽,进化关系相近。半定量PCR(RT-PCR)发现BnPex16p基因在油菜幼嫩的根、茎、叶和种子中均有高丰度表达,在种子发育过程的中期和后期表达水平增加,暗示该基因在油脂的积累中有重要作用。 相似文献
5.
甘蔗可溶性酸性转化酶基因的克隆及序列分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
可溶性酸性转化酶在植物糖代谢中起着关键作用,为了研究甘蔗中可溶性酸性转化酶,利用电子克隆与RT-PCR方法从甘蔗中分离出1个甘蔗可溶性酸性转化酶基因DNA及cDNA序列,DNA序列长度为3 266 bp,含有3个外显子和2个内含子,cDNA序列长度为1 890 bp,包含1 656 bp的完整开放阅读框,编码551个氨基酸。BLASTX分析显示,该蛋白与其它植物已知的酸性可溶性蔗糖转化酶具有很高的同源性,推测该蛋白为可溶性酸性转化酶。预测甘蔗SAI家族可能只有1个基因,这可能与其大量积累蔗糖的能力有重要关系。 相似文献
6.
采用SMART RACE技术成功克隆了安吉白茶茶氨酸合成酶基因（TS）的全长cDNA序列,并将其登录Genbank,登录号为JN226569。TS基因的cDNA全长为1503bp,开放阅读框（ORF）为1071bp,编码356个氨基酸。经生物信息学分析,TS蛋白的氨基酸残基数为356,分子量为39250.3Da,理论等电点（PI）为5.79,其氨基酸序列中可能不存在卷曲螺旋结构。TS蛋白不存在信号肽序列,不发生跨膜运动,属于亲水性的非分泌蛋白,其磷酸化位点有26个。通过亚细胞定位预测,安吉白茶TS蛋白是一种细胞质蛋白。克隆茶氨酸合成酶基因的全长cDNA序列,对于利用生物技术手段改良茶树品种,以调控茶树中茶氨酸的含量具有重要意义。 相似文献
7.
为探究夜来香（Cestrum nocturnum）花香基因SAMT在花香代谢中的调控作用,以花瓣为材料,采用RT-PCR和RACE技术相结合,克隆夜来香SAMT基因的全长cDNA。结果表明：该cDNA的序列长度为1 493 bp,编码365个氨基酸,其中包含1 098 bp ORF、130 bp 5′UTR和265 bp 3′UTR,将其命名为CnSAMT;生物信息学分析结果表明：该基因所编码的氨基酸序列与烟草、番茄的同源性分别为98％和98％,属于甲基转移酶-7家族;原核表达结果表明：CnSAMT的蛋白表达产物约为42 ku,与软件预测的结果大致相同。采用染色体步移技术,克隆夜来香CnSAMT的5′端调控序列,结果表明：该序列长度为993 bp,且该序列除了含有TATA-box、CAAT-box等启动子核心元件外,还含有光、生长素、脱落酸、热胁迫、缺氧胁迫等外界环境条件响应的顺式作用元件。 相似文献
8.
巴西橡胶树CBF1基因的克隆和序列分析 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
通过RT-PCR技术从橡胶树中克隆了CBF基因家族的保守区,并通过5＇端RACE和3＇端RACE技术克隆了全长为1121 bp的cDNA序列,通过BLAST工具搜索Genbank数据库.结果表明,该cDNA序列同其他植物中的CBF家族基因高度同源,认为该cDNA序列就是橡胶树中的CBF基因.利用genescan和ClastalX工具对该序列进行分析,推测其编码区为693bp,编码231 Aa,并包含一个AP2 DNA结合域.氨基酸同源性分析结果表明,来自橡胶树的CBF基因氨基酸序列与热带起源的作物同源性较高,而与北方种植作物相似性较低. 相似文献
9.
利用同源克隆和RACE(Rapid amplification of cDNA ends)技术从甘蓝型油菜中克隆到精氨酸脱羧酶(Arginine decarboxylase,ADC)基因cDNA全长序列,命名为BnADC。BnADC全长为2 649bp,包含344bp的5′非翻译区(5′ Untranslated region,5′-UTR)、226bp的3′非翻译区(3′ Untranslated region,3′-UTR)和2 079bp的完整开放阅读框(open reading frame,ORF),编码75.1kD的蛋白质。5′-UTR中含有12bp的uORF (Upstream open reading frame),编码MIRE 4个氨基酸。氨基酸同源性比对表明,BnADC蛋白与其他植物ADC蛋白具有很高的相似性,与芥菜的同源性高达93%;系统进化树分析表明,BnADC与芥菜、拟南芥的ADC亲缘关系较近。在获得全长cDNA的基础上,构建融合表达载体pET30a(+)-BnADC,转化大肠杆菌（Escherichia coli）表达菌株BL21(DE3),SDS-PAGE检测到一个约81.1kD的融合蛋白被E. coil表达,且融合蛋白主要存在于菌体沉淀中。 相似文献
10.
根据植物细胞质雄性不育恢复基因编码的PPR（pentatricopeptide repeat）蛋白的特点,结合拟南芥PPR基因簇相似序列,扩增油菜野芥细胞质雄性不育(Nsa CMS) 基因组DNA,筛选出一对简并引物,在Nsa不育系育性恢复后的可育材料和野芥亲本中可以同时扩增出符合预期的片段。片段长度为309bp,与萝卜CMS恢复基因核苷酸序列的一致性为69%,与拟南芥1号染色体臂上PPR基因簇核苷酸序列的一致性大于70%,与含波里马（Pol）CMS恢复基因的白菜型油菜相关序列一致性达85%。该片段编码的氨基酸序列含有两个相邻排列的PPR基序,可作为Nsa CMS育性恢复基因的候选片段。 相似文献
11.
Joseph E. Laferriere Charles W. Weber Edwin A. Kohlhepp 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1991,41(3):277-282
Teas of plant origin traditionally consumed by the Mountain Pima of Chihuahua, Mexico, were analyzed for mineral nutritional content. Fe, Cu, Zn, Ca, and Mg composition was determined for native teas made from shoots ofTagetes lucida, T. filifolia, Elytraria imbricata, andHolodiscus dumosus, and from root xylem ofCeanothus depressus andPhaseolus ritensis. Native uses of these teas are also described. 相似文献
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Lakshman Lal 《Potato Research》1987,30(2):329-334
Summary The effects of the leaves of five plant species, one from each of the generaAmbrosia, Anemone, Eupatorium, Eucalyptus andLantana, on potato tuber moth were investigated under indigenous storage conditions at the Central Potato Research Station, Shillong
(1800 m above sea level). Their action was compared with that of a biological insecticide (spores ofBacillus thuringiensis), a chemical insecticide (carbaryl), and an untreated control. The data collected after six months storage on tuber damage,
sprout damage and the rotting indicated that the leaves ofLantana aculeata provided most protection to the tubers, reducing damage from over 70% in the check to below 5%, and sprout damage from over
45% to below 3%. Next best wasEucalyptus globulus followed byB. thuringiensis. They may be used on tubers stored for table use or for seed as they had no adverse effect on germination or on the yield
of a subsequent crop. 相似文献
14.
《Journal of Crop Improvement》2013,27(2):81-114
Summary The efficiency of N fertilizers is usually poor; often less than 50% of the applied N is taken up by the crop. This review focuses on various N fertilizers with respect to the significance of different N loss pathways, namely (i) ammonia volatilization, (ii) dinitrogen and nitrogen oxide emissions, and (iii) nitrate leaching. Further, the significance of biological N immobilization, ammonium fixation and, finally, the impact of nitrate vs. ammonium uptake on crop yield are also discussed. The reviewed literature shows that N fertilizers may differ markedly in their susceptibility to losses. There is, however, considerable scope to improve N efficiency of each N source by proper N management practices. 相似文献
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Tatiana G. Polotow Sandra C. Poppe Cristina V. Vardaris Douglas Ganini Maísa Guariroba Rita Mattei Elaine Hatanaka Maria F. Martins Eduardo F. Bondan Marcelo P. Barros 《Marine drugs》2015,13(10):6117-6137
Health authorities worldwide have consistently recommended the regular consumption of marine fishes and seafood to preserve memory, sustain cognitive functions, and prevent neurodegenerative processes in humans. Shrimp, crabs, lobster, and salmon are of particular interest in the human diet due to their substantial provision of omega-3 fatty acids (n-3/PUFAs) and the antioxidant carotenoid astaxanthin (ASTA). However, the optimal ratio between these nutraceuticals in natural sources is apparently the key factor for maximum protection against most neuro-motor disorders. Therefore, we aimed here to investigate the effects of a long-term supplementation with (n-3)/PUFAs-rich fish oil, ASTA-rich algal biomass, the combination of them, or krill oil (a natural combination of both nutrients) on baseline redox balance and neuro-inflammation indexes in cerebellum and motor cortex of Wistar rats. Significant changes in redox metabolism were only observed upon ASTA supplementation, which reinforce its antioxidant properties with a putative mitochondrial-centered action in rat brain. Krill oil imposed mild astrocyte activation in motor cortex of Wistar rats, although no redox or inflammatory index was concomitantly altered. In summary, there is no experimental evidence that krill oil, fish oil, oralgal biomass (minor variation), drastically change the baseline oxidative conditions or the neuro-inflammatory scenario in neuromotor-associated rat brain regions. 相似文献
17.
Youna Hemery Ulla Holopainen Anna-Maija Lampi Pekka Lehtinen Tanja Nurmi Vieno Piironen Minnamari Edelmann Xavier Rouau 《Journal of Cereal Science》2011
Wheat bran is a composite material made of several layers, such as pericarp, testa and aleurone. It could be fractionated into purified fractions, which might either be used as food ingredients, or serve as a starting material for extraction of bioactive compounds. The aim of this work was to evaluate the potential of using electrostatic separation as a way to obtain purified fractions from wheat bran. Ultrafine-ground bran obtained either by cryogenic grinding or by grinding at ambient temperature was used as starting material. The ultrafine bran was then charged by tribo-electrification and introduced in a chamber containing two high voltage electrodes, where bran particles were separated depending on their acquired charge, allowing positively and negatively charged fractions to be collected separately. The particle size distribution, microstructure and biochemical composition of the obtained fractions were studied. The charge of the particles was influenced by their biochemical composition: particles rich in highly branched and cross-linked arabinoxylans (pericarp) were separated from particles rich in β-glucan, ferulic acid and para-coumaric acid (aleurone cell walls). The testa and the intracellular compounds from aleurone were not highly charged, neither positively nor negatively. The most positively charged fraction represented 34% of the initial bran, and contained 62% of the ferulic acid present in the initial bran. The yield of the separation process was good (5.4% loss), and could be further increased. 相似文献
18.
M. I. Siri P. Villanueva M. J. Pianzzola L. Franco Fraguas G. Galván M. Acosta F. Ferreira 《Potato Research》2004,47(3-4):127-138
Summary The in vitro antimicrobial activity of extracts from accessions ofSolanum commersonii Dun. collected in the south of Uruguay was investigated against five microorganisms including the pathogenRalstonia solanacearum. A total of 30 extracts corresponding to organic and aqueous extracts were studied. Interestingly, most of the positive results
for growth inhibition were againstR. solanacearum. The extracts were also analyzed for the presence of glycoalkaloids and lectins. Six of the ten aqueous extracts showed lectin
presence and a wide variation in the type and amounts of glycoalkaloids, was found. Results indicate that there is no clear
relationship between the antimicrobial activity against the five microorganisms screened and the presence or amounts of lectins
and glycoalkaloids, traditionally regarded as possible antimicrobial metabolites in theSolanum genus, which indicates the presence of as yet unidentified antimicrobial compounds. 相似文献
19.
Alexander N. Shikov Elena V. Flisyuk Ekaterina D. Obluchinskaya Olga N. Pozharitskaya 《Marine drugs》2020,18(11)
Marine organisms represent an excellent source of innovative compounds that have the potential for the development of new drugs. The pharmacokinetics of marine drugs has attracted increasing interest in recent decades due to its effective and potential contribution to the selection of rational dosage recommendations and the optimal use of the therapeutic arsenal. In general, pharmacokinetics studies how drugs change after administration via the processes of absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME). This review provides a summary of the pharmacokinetics studies of marine-derived active compounds, with a particular focus on their ADME. The pharmacokinetics of compounds derived from algae, crustaceans, sea cucumber, fungus, sea urchins, sponges, mollusks, tunicate, and bryozoan is discussed, and the pharmacokinetics data in human experiments are analyzed. In-depth characterization using pharmacokinetics is useful for obtaining information for understanding the molecular basis of pharmacological activity, for correct doses and treatment schemes selection, and for more effective drug application. Thus, an increase in pharmacokinetic research on marine-derived compounds is expected in the near future. 相似文献
20.
Novel food and non-food uses for sorghum and millets 总被引：4，自引：3，他引：4
Sorghum and millets have considerable potential in foods and beverages. As they are gluten-free they are suitable for coeliacs. Sorghum is also a potentially important source of nutraceuticals such antioxidant phenolics and cholesterol-lowering waxes. Cakes, cookies, pasta, a parboiled rice-like product and snack foods have been successfully produced from sorghum and, in some cases, millets. Wheat-free sorghum or millet bread remains the main challenge. Additives such as native and pre-gelatinised starches, hydrocolloids, fat, egg and rye pentosans improve bread quality. However, specific volumes are lower than those for wheat bread or gluten-free breads based on pure starches, and in many cases, breads tend to stale faster. Lager and stout beers with sorghum are brewed commercially. Sorghum's high-starch gelatinisation temperature and low beta-amylase activity remain problems with regard to complete substitution of barley malt with sorghum malt . The role of the sorghum endosperm matrix protein and cell wall components in limiting extract is a research focus. Brewing with millets is still at an experimental stage. Sorghum could be important for bioethanol and other bio-industrial products. Bioethanol research has focused on improving the economics of the process through cultivar selection, method development for low-quality grain and pre-processing to recover valuable by-products. Potential by-products such as the kafirin prolamin proteins and the pericarp wax have potential as bioplastic films and coatings for foods, primarily due to their hydrophobicity. 相似文献