共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Eleven strains of the avian pathogen Mycoplasma synoviae were evaluated for the presence of sialidase activity with the use of the fluorogenic substrate 2'-(4-methylumbelliferyl)-alpha-D-N-acetylneuraminic acid and the sialidase inhibitor 2-deoxy-2,3- didehydro-N-acetylneuraminic acid. The kinetics of in vitro growth in modified Frey medium were also assessed for each strain. Five strains had been isolated from clinically symptomatic chickens, and strains WVU 1853T and K3344 have been demonstrated to be capable of reproducing disease in specific-pathogen-free chickens. All strains exhibited sialidase activity, although the amount varied 65-fold among strains (P < 0.0001) from 1.3 x 10(-7) to 2.0 x 10(-9) activity units per colony-forming unit. Strains originally isolated from clinically symptomatic birds had more (P < 0.05) sialidase activity than strains from asymptomatic birds. Strain WVU1853T exhibited the most sialidase activity (P < 0.0001) and grew to the highest culture density (P < 0.0001) among strains, but across strains, the rank correlation of growth rate with sialidase activity was not significant. Negligible activity was detected in conditioned culture supernatant fluid. This is the first report of sialidase activity in pathogenic strains of M. synoviae, which suggests a potential enzymatic basis for virulence of the organism. 相似文献
2.
Selection and comparison of Mycoplasma synoviae hemagglutinating and nonhemagglutinating variants 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
K R Rhoades 《Avian diseases》1985,29(4):1170-1176
Hemagglutinating (HA) and nonhemagglutinating (NHA) variants were selected from each of two strains of Mycoplasma synoviae, WVU-1853 and Neb-3S. The HA titers of antigens prepared by 100-fold concentration of broth cultures were 1:2560 and 1:5120 for the HA variants and less than 1:5 for the NHA variants. Adsorption of erythrocytes to colonies of the variants was directly correlated with HA activity. The HA and NHA characteristics were stable in vitro, and there was no change in HA titers after repeated transfers in broth medium. Comparisons of pathogenicity indicated differences between strains but not between variants of each strain. Air-sac lesions resulting from exposure to variants of strain Neb-3S were marked, whereas those resulting from exposure to variants of WVU-1853 were slight. The HA titers of isolates recovered from turkey air sacs exposed to the Neb-3S variants varied considerably, suggesting in vivo instability of the HA characteristic. 相似文献
3.
Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) has repeatedly emerged as a serious problem in U.S. broiler, layer, and turkey industries. Tracing the source of an outbreak is essential if MG control is to be accomplished. Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP), random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD), and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) are valuable tools used to study MG epidemiology, allowing diagnosticians to determine the source of MG infections. In some past outbreaks, AFLP, RAPD, and RFLP fingerprinting, which require pure MG cultures, were not successful because of contaminating nonpathogenic mycoplasmas from field samples. The objective of this research was to develop a method to separate rapidly growing nonpathogenic avian mycoplasma species from slower-growing MG field strains. Mixtures of MG and three separate nonpathogenic avian mycoplasmas were inoculated onto chick embryo fibroblasts cells (CEF) allowing MG to penetrate the CEF cells. Later, gentamicin sulphate was added to the culture, eliminating the nonpathogenic mycoplasmas and allowing MG to be isolated in pure culture. Mixtures of Mycoplasma synoviae (MS) and MG could not be separated in this assay. However, removal of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide and cysteine hydrochloride during serial passage in Frey broth medium successfully eliminated growth of MS. 相似文献
4.
Serial passage of two infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) vaccine strains in chickens enhanced their capacity to increase the incidence and severity of Mycoplasma synoviae (MS) airsacculitis. Included in this report were the mild Massachusetts-type Connaught strain and the Arkansas 99 vaccine strain of IBV. The Connaught strain and one of two Ark 99 vaccine strains passaged in chickens increased the incidence of airsacculitis markedly compared with nonpassaged virus. The other Ark 99 vaccine virus already exacerbated MS airsacculitis, before passage in chickens, and its influence did not increase on passage. All IBV strains studied to date have either possessed this trait or reacquired it on passage in the natural host. 相似文献
5.
支原体检验用培养基质控菌株的生长曲线与世代时间测定 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
为了摸索用于支原体培养基检验用质控菌株的生长规律,利用活菌计数方法测定滑液支原体、猪鼻支原体不同培养时段的颜色变化单位（CCU）,并绘制生长曲线,确定世代时间。结果表明：滑液支原体菌株迟缓期在培养后6h内,对数期为培养后6—36h,稳定期为培养后36～54h,衰老期为培养54h之后,世代时间G=231．8min;猪鼻支原体菌株迟缓期在培养后6h内,对数期为培养后6—18h,稳定期为培养后18～126h,衰老期为培养126h之后,世代时间G=117．1min。通过对质控菌株生长规律的初步探索,为培养基检验及质控菌株的使用提供了参考。 相似文献
6.
7.
Restriction endonuclease analysis of Mycoplasma synoviae strains 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
A diverse group of Mycoplasma synoviae strains from various hosts, pathological processes, and geographic areas collected over about 25 years were analyzed by restriction endonuclease analysis. The results suggest that restriction endonuclease analysis of M. synoviae strains may be a useful strain identification tool to study epidemiological problems. 相似文献
8.
为了解宁夏及其周边不同地区蛋鸡场中的鸡滑液囊支原体的种类及其致病力,采用改良Frey氏鸡滑液囊支原体培养基,从疑似感染鸡滑液囊支原体的不同蛋鸡群中分离出病原株,设计鸡滑液囊支原体vlhA基因特异性引物,对分离到的病原进行基因序列扩增并测序,使用MEGA6.0软件中的邻接法(Neighbor-joining,NJ)构建分离株系统发育树并进行遗传进化分析,采用从临床症状最明显的鸡体分离的菌株进行动物感染试验,制作石蜡切片,HE染色,病理组织学观察。结果表明,所分离到的病原菌均为鸡滑液囊支原体,部分菌株之间极其相似;鸡滑液囊支原体不仅可以使鸡只关节肿胀、生长缓慢,也可引起鸡只的肝脏轻微肿大,肝细胞部分坏死、间质增生;脾脏结缔组织增生,出血。 相似文献
9.
The ability to form biofilms for a total of 80 field isolates and 15 reference strains of Haemophilus parasuis, the etiological agent of Glasser's disease, was tested by glass tube and polystyrene microtiter plate assays. A total 43% of field isolates, including strains representing 13 serovars (except serovars 3 and 8) and non-typable strains, exhibited the ability to form biofilms at different levels via polystyrene microtiter plate assays. Among the reference strains representing 15 serovars, only serovars 2, 9, 12, 13 and 15 could not form biofilms on the polystyrene surface. A total of 85% of the strains forming biofilms at air-liquid interfaces in glass tubes also formed biofilms on polystyrene surfaces. Generally, non-virulent serovars showed a higher degree of biofilm formation than virulent serovars. The biofilm formation phenotype of most strains was maintained when cultures were passaged on agar and in broth. H. parasuis from the nasal cavities of pigs experimentally infected with biofilm-positive bacteria maintained the biofilm formation phenotype, whereas bacteria recovered from the lung and brain lost the ability to form biofilms. The biofilm-negative strains did not recover the ability to form biofilms via experimental infection. Our data indicate that most serovars of H. parasuis could form biofilms in vitro, and the biofilm formation phenotype is associated with the recovery site of the strains and is maintained when bacteria are passaged in vitro and in the upper respiratory tract. 相似文献
10.
Ribosomal RNA gene probes to detect intraspecies heterogeneity in Mycoplasma gallisepticum and M. synoviae 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Intraspecies genotypic heterogeneity among strains of Mycoplasma gallisepticum and M. synoviae was tested using genomic fingerprints with a ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene probe. The organism's DNA was digested by a restriction endonuclease, electrophoresed, transferred to a nitrocellulose sheet, and hybridized with 32P-labeled pMC5 plasmid carrying the highly conserved rRNA genes of M. capricolum. The resulting hybridization patterns indicated a degree of genotypic heterogeneity among M. gallisepticum strains more pronounced than among the M. synoviae strains tested. Most importantly, the live vaccine F strain of M. gallisepticum could be distinguished from virulent field isolates of this species, enabling the detection and identification of the F strain in areas in which vaccination with this strain has taken place. Genomic fingerprints with an rRNA gene probe can thus be added to the battery of tools useful in taxonomy at the intraspecies level and in epidemiology of mycoplasmosis in poultry. 相似文献
11.
为了解在亚抑菌浓度单一药物的持续诱导下,鸡源大肠杆菌(E.coli)对临床常见药物的耐药表型变化,本实验采用亚抑菌浓度的头孢曲松或头孢噻肟持续诱导培养LG30鸡源E.coli和O78标准菌至30代,并采用微量稀释法检测各不同诱导代次的菌株对常见药物的耐药表型.结果表明在亚抑菌浓度的头孢曲松或头孢噻肟持续诱导培养下,受试菌对药物的敏感性持续下降,当诱导至20代,各诱导菌已成为多重耐药菌株,继续诱导至30代,各诱导菌对药物的耐药程度加重,但各药的最小抑菌浓度值升高速率变慢.表明细菌在单一药物诱导下可以较快进化为多重耐药菌. 相似文献
12.
E. Goren 《The Veterinary quarterly》2013,33(3):158-162
Summary Colonies of the avian mycoplasma strains Mycoplasma gallisepticum S6 and Mycoplasma synoviae WVU 1853 and two Mycoplasma synoviae isolates from this laboratory were shown to be haemadsorption positive for chicken erythrocytes. Three Mycoplasma synoviae isolates from this laboratory proved to be haemadsorption and haemagglutination negative. The haemadsorption of the mycoplasma colonies mentioned above was inhibited with specific antisera of either high or low titre. No cross‐inhibition was observed. It is suggested that this test could be used for a quick tentative identification of the two avian mycoplasmas on primary solid‐medium cultures. 相似文献
13.
支原体检验用培养基的研究 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
水质和血清对比试验结果表明：以水质电导率低于0．5μs／cm、猪血清总蛋白不低于49g／L、胆固醇不高于1．66mmol／L为标准制备的改良Frey培养基和支原体培养基活菌滴度均达10^9CCU／mL。对滑液支原体GX11-T株及猪鼻支原体BTS-7株1—5代对数生长期培养物检测,均达10^9CCU／mL。改良Frey培养基与支原体培养基经反复冻融8次;或改良Frey培养基经37℃保存24h;支原体培养基37℃保存8h均不影响灵敏度。改良Frey培养基在鸡胚成纤维细胞及鸡胚尿囊液中最小检测量分别为4CCU／mL和2CCU／mL;支原体培养基在BHK：,细胞中最小检测量为8CCU／mL。改良Frey培养基和支原体培养基4℃有效期为1个月,-20℃为12个月。 相似文献
14.
从葛藤(Pueraria lobata)根际分离出8株具有较强溶解无机磷能力的菌株,溶磷圈法测定菌株的HD/CD值(溶磷圈直径HD,菌落直径CD)在2.14～6.73,液体振荡培养下菌株对磷酸钙的溶解量在72.28～159.15mg/L,菌株培养液pH值较初始培养基的pH值7.0均下降。菌株GTR2和GTR15溶解磷酸钙(分别为159.15mg/L、138.72mg/L)及分泌IAA能力(分别为12.71mg/L、14.44mg/L)均较大,且均为碱性菌株,能在甘露醇等多种碳源上较好生长。综合各菌株的溶磷及分泌IAA能力,菌株GTR2和GTR15有望成为高效微生物磷肥接种剂的优良菌种。 相似文献
15.
Monitoring of susceptibility to antibiotics in field isolates of pathogenic avian mycoplasmas is important for appropriate choice of treatment. Our study compared in vitro susceptibility to enrofloxacin and difloxacin in recent (2005-2006) isolates of Mycoplasma gallisepticum and Mycoplasma synoviae from meat-type turkey flocks with archived (1997-2003) isolates and reference strains. Comparison of minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values determined by microtest, agar dilution and commercial Etest showed good agreement, but underscored the need for standardized methods for testing. Notably, while the commercial Etest was convenient and accurate for determining MICs for enrofloxacin in the range 0.002-0.094mug/ml, the endpoint of inhibition for M. gallisepticum and M. synoviae strains with MIC values >/=1.0mug/ml could not be determined. A decrease in susceptibility to both fluoroquinolones was detected in archived strains but to a greater degree in recent isolates, most of which had MICs above the NCCLS susceptibility breakpoint for these antibiotics (相似文献
16.
Treponema hyodysenteriae growth under various culture conditions 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
The influence of various culture conditions on the growth of Treponema hyodysenteriae was determined. Six different anaerobically prepared culture broths were tested for the ability to support growth of strains B78, B204 and B169. Each medium contained glucose (0.2%) and 10% (v/v, final concn.) heat-inactivated fetal calf serum. Brain-heart infusion (BHIS), heart infusion (HS) and veal infusion (VS) broths gave the highest cell yields of the spirochete with the shortest incubation times. Vigorous mixing of the cultures and the introduction of O2 (1%, final concn.) into the culture atmosphere were necessary for optimum growth. Although BHIS broth was found to be the best for routine cultivation of the 3 strains, HS broth was more suitable for investigating the physiology of growing cells, inasmuch as cell growth in this medium was limited unless a growth substrate was added. Glucose, fructose, sucrose, galactose, trehalose, N-acetyl-glucosamine, glucosamine, mannose, maltose and pyruvate were growth substrates for all 3 strains. During the growth of B204 cells in HS broth under N2:O2 (99:1), glucose and O2 were consumed and CO2, H2, acetate and butyrate were produced. In HS agar-containing medium, cells of strains B78 and B204 formed spreading colonies typical in appearance to those of other spirochetes. 相似文献
17.
Characterization of an attenuated strain of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, serotype 1 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
Pleuropneumonia is an important disease of swine caused by Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae. Putative virulence determinants include capsule, lipopolysaccharide, and cytotoxin. We studied the virulence and virulence determinants of 2 strains: CM5 and CM5A of serotype 1. Strain CM5 was isolated from a pig with pleuropneumonia and passaged once in vitro; strain CM5A was a substrain of CM5 passaged 70 times in vitro. Pigs challenge exposed to an aerosol of 1.3 x 10(7) colony-forming units of CM5/ml died within 30 hours; pigs challenge exposed to an aerosol of 1.6 x 10(8) colony-forming units of CM5A/ml survived. The average thickness of the capsular layer was 137 nm in strain CM5 and 53 nm in strain CM5A in bacteria treated with homologous antibody and examined by transmission electron microscopy. Similarly, capsular material binding polycationic ferritin was found in colonies of strain CM5, but not in strain CM5A. The ratio of hexosamine to protein in extracted capsule of CM5 was more than twice that of CM5A. The polyacrylamide gel electrophoretic profile of the lipopolysaccharide, outer membrane proteins, and whole cell proteins did not differ between the 2 strains. Also, the amount of cytotoxin or endotoxin produced by the 2 strains during the logarithmic growth phase was not different. The electrophoretic profile of restriction endonuclease digested DNA was similar, with the exception of bands in the 750- and 620-basepair regions. It was concluded that attenuation of strain CM5A during in vitro passage was a result of reduced capsule production and that encapsulation is an important virulence determinant of A pleuropneumoniae, serotype 1. 相似文献
18.
本研究旨在分离既能用于微生态制剂又能用于青贮饲料发酵剂的优良乳酸菌,采集规模化牛场青贮饲料,取梯度稀释液涂布MRS平板,进行厌氧培养,筛选优势菌株,观察其菌落形态,并进行生化试验和特异性PCR鉴定。研究自筛乳酸菌的生长曲线、产酸曲线、培养温度及培养基初始pH对菌株生长的影响,并研究其抑菌特性、药物敏感性和安全性。试验筛选到1株菌落形态圆形、边缘整齐、表面光滑、乳白色、镜检为革兰氏阳性的无芽孢杆菌。生化结果显示,分离菌株可厌氧生长,运动性试验、过氧化氢酶试验、硝酸盐还原试验、明胶液化试验、吲哚试验结果均为阴性,15种糖醇发酵试验结果符合干酪乳杆菌生化特征。用干酪乳酸杆菌特异性引物对菌株进行PCR鉴定,琼脂糖凝胶电泳结果显示在727 bp处出现特异性扩增条带,与生化鉴定结果相符,将分离菌株命名为RS1。RS1在0~4 h时发酵液pH变化不明显,处于生长延迟期;4~16 h时发酵液pH下降较快,进入对数生长期;16~36 h时发酵液pH下降缓慢,进入稳定期。RS1在培养温度为20~50 ℃范围内均能生长,适宜生长温度为25~40 ℃;在培养液初始pH 1.0~9.0条件下均能生长,最适pH为6.0~8.0;对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌圈直径为23 mm,对大肠杆菌的抑菌圈直径为17 mm;对恩诺沙星和头孢他啶耐药;经14 d灌服小鼠生长状况良好。上述结果表明,本试验筛选到的干酪乳杆菌RS1安全、无致病性,在微生态制剂及生物饲料添加剂领域具有潜在的开发价值。 相似文献
19.
Experimental infection of calves with two strains of bovine virus diarrhoea virus: virus recovery and clinical reactions 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Fifteen calves were inoculated with a mixture of two strains of bovine virus diarrhoea virus (BVDV), the cytopathogenic NADL strain which had been passaged over 20 times n vitro, and the non-cytopathogenic FCS strain, passaged only once after isolation from fetal calf serum. In a second experiment, seven calves received the NADL strain, and eight the FCS strain. The clinical and virological results of the two experiments were compared. In dual infections, the NADL strain interfered with the replication of the FCS strain resulting in less severe disease than the FCS strain alone. The FCS-BVDV was recovered from nasopharyngeal swabs and buffy coat cells whereas the NADL-BVDV was recovered only from nasopharyngeal swabs. The cytopathogenicity of the two strains did not change after passage in vivo. The differences observed are discussed in relation to cultural history and cytopathogenicity. 相似文献
20.
Hong Y García M Leiting V Bencina D Dufour-Zavala L Zavala G Kleven SH 《Avian diseases》2004,48(3):606-616
Mycoplasma synoviae is a major pathogen of chickens and turkeys, causing economic losses to the poultry industry worldwide. In this study, we validated and applied polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and DNA sequence analysis on the N-terminal end of the hemagglutinin encoding gene vlhA as an alternative for the detection and initial typing of field strains of M. synoviae in commercial poultry. PCR primers were tested against isolates of M. synoviae from various sources along with other avian mycoplasma and other bacterial species. The vlhA gene-targeted PCR assay was highly specific in the identification of M. synoviae, with a detection limit of 4.7 x 10(2) color changing units/ml. DNA sequence analysis of amplified products was also conducted to validate the potential for typing M. synoviae strains using the N-terminal region of the vlhA gene. To evaluate the test, we applied the PCR assay to tracheal swabs collected from chickens challenged with M. synoviae strain K1968 and compared the results to the serologic detection. The PCR assay was also evaluated directly on tracheal samples collected from commercial layers. Overall, this vlhA gene-targeted PCR is a useful tool for detection and initial typing of M. synoviae and can be applied in the preliminary identification of M. synoviae isolates directly from clinical samples. 相似文献