共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 218 毫秒
1.
苍术黑斑病病原鉴定 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
The pathogen causing dark leaf spot on Atractylodes lancea was isolated from diseased leaf. Based on morphological characteristics, pathogenicity test, the sequence of ribosomal DNA-ITS, the pathogen was identified as Alternaria tenuissima (Kunze) Wiltshire. This is the first report that this fungus infects A. lancea. 相似文献
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阔叶十大功劳炭疽病初报 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
A new leaf spot disease of Mahonia healei was found in Guangxi China, which was one of the limitations for the growth of M. healei. Based on the morphology, pathogenicity and the analysis of sequences of ribosome rDNA-ITS, the pathogen of M. healei anthracnose disease was identified as Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.)Sacc. 相似文献
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番茄叶片漆腐病病原菌鉴定 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
A new leave disease of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Miller) was observed in polyethylene film-covered greenhouse in Beijing, China. This disease spreaded rapidly in the greenhouse and caused serious loss of the production of tomatoes. In the study, a fungal strain isolated from the lesion was confirmed to be pathogen for this new disease, and identified as Myrothecium roridum Tode ex Ft. based on the morphology, cultural characters on PDA plate and sequence analysis of ribosomal DNA-ITS. This is the first report of myrothecium leaf spot on tomato occurring in commercial greenhouse in China. 相似文献
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The pathogen causing stem blight was isolated from diseased stem of Schizonepeta tenuifolia Briq.. Based on rDNA-ITS analysis, morphological characteristic and pathogenicity test, the pathogen was identified as Phytophthora nicotianae. 相似文献
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Balsam pear bacterial wilt was observed in Nanning, Guangxi, China. Based on bacteriological identification, pathogenicity tests and 16S rDNA sequencing analysis, the pathogen was identified as Ralstonia solanacearum (Smith) Yabuuchi et al. This is the first report of R. solanacearum causing bacterial wilt on balsam pear in China. 相似文献
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川芎茵核病的症状及病原菌鉴定 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Symptoms of sclerotinia stem rot of Ligusticum chuanxiong were observed and the causal agent of the disease was identified. The results showed that the symptoms of this disease began with the formation of dark brown hygrophanous splotch on the basal leaves, followed by the appearance of dark brown circular spot on the basal stem. Finally, the whole plant stoped growing and died. White mycelium and/or sclerotia were formed under moisturized conditions. On PDA medium, the pathogen of this disease formed brown sclerotia with various shapes and 2-5 mm in diameter. The diameter of apothecia was 0.3-0.8 cm and the length of stipes was 2-8 cm. Asci were columniform in shape and (100-135)×9μm in size, each containing 8 ascospores sized by (6-12) μm×(3-7)μm. No asexual spore formation was observed. Based on the morphological characteristics and the sequence of ribosomal DNAITS, the pathogen was identified as Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary. 相似文献
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广西黑皮冬瓜疫病的病原菌鉴定及其生物学特性 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
Isolate PD1 of Phytophthora was isolated from diseased black pericarp wax gourd in Guangxi in 2005. The morphological and biological characters of the isolate were examined, and its sequence of ribosomal DNA-ITS was analyzed. The range of growth temperature of the isolate was 10-37℃ and the optimal one was 31℃. The pathogen was sensitive to 10 mg/kg of malachite green, and its ability for starch utilization was weak. A wide host range of the pathogen was confirmed by artificial inoculation. The sizes of sporangia were (37.5-71.7) μm×(20.8-47.5) μm (av. 55.0 μm×30.4 μm). Microcycle conidiation of the pathogen was observed. The pathogen was identified as Phytophthora drechsleri Tucker based on its morphological and biological characters as well as ribosomal DNA-ITS sequence. 相似文献
8.
基于小麦白粉病菌rDNA ITS序列的PCR分子检测 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
Wheat powdery mildew(Blumeria graminis f.sp.tritici) is the one of main wheat diseases in China.Based on the internal transcribed spacer(ITS) sequences of ribosome of B.graminis f.sp.tritici,three molecular primer pairs(F1/R,F2/R and F3/R) were designed to detect the fungal pathogen of wheat powdery mildew.The species specificity of these primers was confirmed.F1/R was demonstrated a higher sensitivity than the other two primer pairs,and could detect as low as 1 pg DNA of B.graminis f.sp.tritici.Furthermore,F1/R primer pair was used to detect the pathogen DNA extracted from wheat leaves showing chlorosis and typical symptoms of powdery mildew caused by artificial inoculation with B.graminis f.sp.tritici.The preliminary results demonstrated the usefulness of this primer pair and its potential applications in efficient detection of wheat powdery mildew pathogen from leaves with latent infections at early growth stages of wheat. 相似文献
9.
灰枣红点软腐病病原菌的鉴定 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
The damage and symptoms of jujube fruit soft rot in Xinzheng, Henan Province, were investigated from 2006 to 2008, and the pathogen was identified based on the morphological characteristics and the ITS se-quence of ribosome DNA. The results showed that the aerial mycelium of colony was white in color in the first four days, then turned gray after incubation on PDA for 5-6 d at 25℃ and became black two weeks later. The mycelia grew luxuriantly with velvet character. The pycnidium was flask-shaped with a height of 196.9μm and a width of 213.3μm on the avereage. The conidium was colorless with single cell and had the shape of spindle, its size was (15.0-20.0)μm× (4.5-6.5)μm. The conidiophore was fastigiate. The homology of ITS sequence of ribosome DNA between the tested strain NXK and Botryosphaeria dothidea (GenBank ac-cession number:AJ938005) reached 99.87%, with a difference of only two base pairs. Based on the results of both morphological characters and molecular identification, the pathogen of jujube fruit soft rot in Xinzheng was identified as B. dothidea (Moug. ex Fr.) Ces. et de Not.. 相似文献
11.
Atractylodes chinensis (DC.) Koidz. is a perennial medicinal herb in China. The foliar diseases pose a threat to the production of A. chinensis. From 2017 to 2019, the investments on A. chinensis diseases were conducted in Qinhuangdao city and three foliar diseases were determined. The fungal strains were isolated from the diseased leaf samples and were identified as the causative agents on the leaf diseases following Koch's rule. The results of classification according to the morphological and molecular characteristics showed that the pathogens causing leaf spot, black spot and anthracnose in A. chinensis were Epicoccum sorghinum, Alternaria solani and Colletotrichum chlorophyti, respectively. To our knowledge, this is the first report of E. sorghinum causing leaf spot in A. chinensis in China. The results of this study would play an important role in the diagnosis and management in field production. 相似文献
12.
广州及其附近十字花科蔬菜花叶病毒的鉴定 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
广州郊区、新会县荷塘乡及南海县等重要蔬菜栽培区域的无菁(Brassica juncea(L.) Coss.)、芥菜(B.juncea(L.) Coss.)、白菜(B.chinensis L.)、菜心(B.sp)、蘿卜(Raphanus sativus L.)和大白菜(土名绍菜)(B.pekinensis(Lour.) Rupr.)等十字花科蔬菜普遍而严重地感染一种花叶病。 相似文献
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为了筛选在荔枝蝽若虫期对其具有良好防效的天敌昆虫，本试验探究蠋蝽对荔枝蝽1龄若虫的捕食潜力，在室内条件下评价了蠋蝽4龄若虫、5龄若虫、雌成虫和雄成虫对荔枝蝽1龄若虫的捕食能力，结合果园的观察总结了蠋蝽捕食行为特点。结果表明：蠋蝽4龄若虫、5龄若虫、雌成虫和雄成虫对荔枝蝽1龄若虫的捕食功能反应符合Holling Ⅱ模型，对荔枝蝽若虫的日最大捕食量分别为9.066、8.210、8.354和5.903头，瞬时攻击率分别为0.956、1.327、1.100和1.244，处理时间分别为0.10、0.162、0.132和0.149 d。不同龄期蠋蝽对荔枝蝽1龄若虫的搜寻效应均随猎物密度的增大而减小。室内外观察发现，蠋蝽捕食荔枝蝽若虫时的行为和捕食草地夜蛾等其他猎物时相似，经历搜索、跟随、攻击、取食、转移等行为反应。捕食功能试验证实蠋蝽对荔枝蝽1龄若虫具有较高的控害潜能，是实现荔枝蝽绿色防控的一种良好备选天敌产品。 相似文献
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蠋蝽是优良的捕食性天敌昆虫,可捕食40余种重要害虫。为明确成虫不同的性别配比和饲养密度对蠋蝽的寿命、繁殖力和后代生长发育的影响,促进蠋蝽的规模化饲养,在室内测定了不同性别配比（雌/雄为4F/2M、3F/3M、2F/4M、6F和6M）和密度（雌/雄为4F/2M和2F/1M;3F/3M、2F/2M和1F/1M）的蠋蝽的存活率、产卵量、无效卵的比例以及后代发育速率和性比等指标。结果显示,不同饲养密度和成虫性别配比对蠋蝽的存活率、产卵量、有效卵的孵化率以及无效卵的比例均有显著影响,但对后代的发育速率和性比无显著影响。2F/2M的蠋蝽30 d内存活率最高（65%）,且无效卵的比例最低（12.68%）,单头雌成虫30 d内产卵量为105.5粒,与产卵量最高的处理1F/1M无显著差异。4F/2M的蠋蝽的卵孵化率最高,为88.05%,但是与2F/2M（81.57%）无显著差异。2F/2M的蠋蝽适合度指数最高（441.14）,而3F/3M的适合度指数最低。结果表明,在高10 cm,直径7 cm的透明塑料杯内饲养蠋蝽成虫时,雌、雄成虫最佳饲养密度和性别配比为2F/2M。选用合适的饲养密度和性别配比可显著提高蠋蝽成虫的繁殖力。 相似文献
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星天牛Anoplophora chinensis Forster为亚洲本土的林木钻蛀性害虫,近年来已入侵到一些欧洲国家,被列为重要的国际检疫对象。本文综述了国内外有关星天牛的自然天敌种类及其人工利用的研究进展。我国古代曾用黄猄蚁Oecophylla smaragdina Fabricius防治危害柑橘树的星天牛,近年来开展了野外释放天敌昆虫花绒寄甲Dastarcus helophoroides Fairmaire成虫和卵卡防治星天牛的实践,都取得了较好的防治效果。川硬皮肿腿蜂Sclerodermus sichuanensis Xiao对星天牛低龄幼虫具有一定的控制作用,天牛卵长尾啮小蜂Aprostocetus fukutai Miwa&Sonan显示出了良好的生物防治利用前景,在意大利对星天牛的卵寄生率最高达72%。一些欧洲本地拟寄生蜂种类,如柄腹茧蜂Spathius erythrocephalus Wesmael也可寄生入侵当地的星天牛自然种群。此外,利用昆虫病原微生物控制星天牛,也具有较好的防治前景,如用布氏白僵菌Beauveria brongniartii Petch制成的无纺布菌条已经在日本开发成为一种商品,真菌侵染可引起天牛高致死率。昆虫病原线虫夜蛾斯氏线虫Steinernema feltiae Filipjev和小卷蛾斯氏线虫S.carpocapsae Weiser也具有作为生物杀虫剂用于控制星天牛幼虫的开发前景。本文还讨论了目前星天牛生物防治中存在的不足及其原因,展望了今后研究的重点和方向。 相似文献
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为比较几种豆科寄主植物对蠋蝽生长发育的影响,本研究测定了蚕豆苗、豌豆苗、菜豆豆角、大豆苗4种豆科寄主植物获得和更换时间,并测定添加4种豆科寄主植物后蠋蝽发育历期、体质量、繁殖力等生物学参数。研究结果表明：添加寄主植物对低龄蠋蝽若虫体质量、成虫性比、单次产卵量、卵孵化率无影响,但菜豆豆角上的蠋蝽单次产卵量为24.13粒、卵孵化率为59.34%均显著低于对照和其他寄主植物。与对照和其他寄主植物相比,蚕豆苗和豌豆苗上蠋蝽若虫发育历期和雌虫产卵前期显著缩短;与对照和其他寄主植物相比,蚕豆苗（83.62%）和豌豆苗（84.36%）上的蠋蝽存活率显著高于对照和其他寄主植物;以蚕豆苗和豌豆苗为寄主时蠋蝽体质量增加最显著。此外,蚕豆苗、豌豆苗获得时间短,使用时间长于大豆苗和菜豆豆角。综上所述,蚕豆苗和豌豆苗可作为室内大量饲养蠋蝽的替代寄主植物。 相似文献