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1.
利用X射线电子探针微区分析技术(electron probe micro-analysis, EPMA),首次对福建(福州、宁德)沿岸海域采集到的3尾刀鲚(Coilia nasus)进行矢耳石的锶(Sr)和钙(Ca)微化学特征分析,重建其生活史。结果显示,这3尾刀鲚耳石核心区的Sr/Ca值均小于3,且耳石面分析显示核心区均为蓝色,表明它们都属于淡水产卵和淡水孵化;其中,福州海域的1尾刀鲚早期生活史对淡水依赖时间较长,而宁德海域的2尾刀鲚对淡水依赖时间较短。根据耳石从核心到边缘的Sr/Ca值变化线分析及过核心截面Sr含量面分析可以确定,3尾刀鲚均为典型的溯河洄游生态类型;其中,福州海域1尾刀鲚呈现淡水–半咸水型的生境履历,而宁德海域2尾刀鲚呈现淡水–半咸水–海水型的生境履历。本研究首次利用耳石微化学分析技术揭示了福建水域刀鲚生活史和生境履历存在多样性,也证实了宁德三沙湾外海域和闽江口外沿岸海域尚存溯河洄游型刀鲚。本研究为进一步开展福建沿岸水域刀鲚的关键栖息地研究及其资源管理和保护提供了宝贵的基础信息。 相似文献
2.
刀鲚在日本仅分布于有明海及与之相通的一些河流中,为重要的渔业资源,现已被列入了"危急种"名录。为探明相关水域该资源种的生活史履历及生境需求特征,本研究利用鱼类耳石微化学分析技术,对采自有明海海区及六角川、筑后川河口水域的刀鲚进行了耳石锶(Sr)和钙(Ca)的微化学研究。耳石由核心到边缘Sr、Ca定量线及Sr面分布分色图谱分析结果发现,3种水域刀鲚个体总体上可分为淡水产卵场起源(即溯河洄游)和非淡水产卵场起源(即海生刀鲚)2种生态类型,其中前者刀鲚中还进一步包含有3种不同淡水、海水间生境履历模式,反映出3种水域分布刀鲚生活史和生境需求的多样性及对不同盐度生境较好的适应性。此外,微化学结果还显示,研究涉及的17尾刀鲚中,有30%是在河口半咸水生境孵化起源。这在一定程度上提示,相关水域除传统淡水起源的资源补充量外,河口域半咸水起源的补充量同样不能忽视。 相似文献
3.
《水产学报》2016,(6)
利用电子探针显微分析技术(EPMA),对2009年和2014年采自长江南京段的长颌鲚耳石微化学进行了研究,反演了其生境履历。结果显示,这些长颌鲚耳石上元素Sr/Ca值的动态可分为两类。一类Sr/Ca值出现显著波动,不仅具有对应淡水生境的低值(1.87±0.36),而且有对应于河口半咸水生境的较高值(4.80±0.80),甚至出现了外海高盐度生境的高值(7.85±0.57),反映了溯河洄游的生境履历特征。另一类Sr/Ca值稳定3.0以下(14NJC09和14NJCE10),仅反映出在淡水生境中生活的履历。上述结果均得到了耳石Sr面分布的验证。上述"反演"的结果首次发现,传统上认为的一定是溯河洄游的长颌鲚,也可能存在有淡水定居个体。单纯利用上颌骨的长短并不能作为有效判别长江刀鲚资源群体中溯河洄游个体和淡水定居个体的标准。 相似文献
4.
利用电子探针显微分析技术(EPMA),对2009年和2014年采自长江南京段的长颌鲚耳石微化学进行了研究,反演了其生境履历.结果显示,这些长颌鲚耳石上元素Sr/Ca值的动态可分为两类.一类Sr/Ca值出现显著波动,不仅具有对应淡水生境的低值(1.87±0.36),而且有对应于河口半咸水生境的较高值(4.80±0.80),甚至出现了外海高盐度生境的高值(7.85±0.57),反映了溯河洄游的生境履历特征.另一类Sr/Ca值稳定3.0以下(14NJC09和14NJCE10),仅反映出在淡水生境中生活的履历.上述结果均得到了耳石Sr面分布的验证.上述“反演”的结果首次发现,传统上认为的一定是溯河洄游的长颌鲚,也可能存在有淡水定居个体.单纯利用上颌骨的长短并不能作为有效判别长江刀鲚资源群体中溯河洄游个体和淡水定居个体的标准. 相似文献
5.
大辽河口红狼牙鰕虎鱼耳石微化学的初步研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为初步了解大辽河口红狼牙鰕虎鱼(Odontamblyopus rubicundus)生境履历特征,利用电子探针微区分析技术,对大辽河口6 ind红狼牙鰕虎鱼的耳石进行了锶和钙元素微化学研究。定量线分析结果显示,大辽河口红狼牙鰕虎鱼生境履历十分复杂,耳石锶钙比值的波动可以分为4~6个差异极其显著的阶段(最低LH01为1.56±0.91,最高LH02为9.28±1.66)(P0.01)。耳石锶含量面分布结果可以进一步直观地显示,自核心到边缘区域中对应于淡水(蓝色)、半咸水(绿色)、海水(黄红色)生境不同颜色同心环轮的变化过程。根据耳石核心区域(第一阶段)的锶钙比值以及对应的面分布特征,推测大辽河口的红狼牙鰕虎鱼可能存在3个生活史类型(淡水孵化、半咸水孵化和海水孵化),红狼牙鰕虎鱼在孵化和早期生活史阶段可以适应从淡水到海水的广盐度水体。 相似文献
6.
为研究黄河刀鲚(Coilia nasus)生境履历特征,利用电子探针微区分析技术(EPMA)对采集自黄河垦利段5尾刀鲚个体(D1、D2、D4、D5和D6)的矢耳石进行微化学特征研究。定量线分析结果显示,黄河口刀鲚生境履历较为复杂,所有个体核心区Sr/Ca值较低,表明其淡水孵化特征,但随着个体生长表现出不同的生活履历。个体D2生活史较复杂,其生长轨迹多次往返于淡水—半咸水生境,不具备洄游型刀鲚应有的规律性特征;个体D1、D4、D5和D6具有明显的洄游特征,不同的是个体D1和D4的Sr/Ca最大值分别为6.1和6.2,D5、D6生境已延伸至Sr/Ca值较高的区域,最大值分别达到8.44、8.63,但是由于调水、调沙对黄河口盐度变化影响较大,尚不能判断D5、D6个体生境已延伸至海水区域。分析的结果显示了同样的特征,个体D1、D4核心区表现为蓝色,外缘区域表现为蓝绿色;个体D2核心区表现为蓝色、绿色、黄色交替出现,个体D5、D6核心区域表现为Sr值较低的蓝色区域,随着生长耳石外围逐渐形成较为明显的黄色圆环。基于以上结果,本研究重新建立了黄河口刀鲚的生境履历,多数个体孵化和早期的生活主要在淡水生境完成,之后进入盐度较高的区域,往返于半咸水—海水生境中进行索饵、育肥,直至被捕获。以个体D2为代表的群体生活史较为复杂,推测可能是由于当年山东东平湖汛期放水而被动进入黄河的定居型刀鲚。 相似文献
7.
为了解东北地区刀鲚(Coilia nasus)的生活史履历特征,2020年7月对丹东鸭绿江水域刀鲚进行调查,获得传统长颌鲚10尾、短颌鲚3尾,并首次采集到“杂颌鲚”6尾。通过电子探针微区分析技术对不同刀鲚进行了研究。耳石Sr和Ca定量线分析及Sr面分布图谱分析结果显示,长颌鲚既有具江海洄游生境履历的生态表型,亦有仅具淡水定居生境履历的生态表型;而短颌鲚及“杂颌鲚”个体则全为河口孵化起源、具江海洄游生境履历的生态表型。结果表明,丹东鸭绿江刀鲚类型的组成非常复杂,生境履历极富多样性,显示其可能是一个独特资源地理种群。 相似文献
8.
长江口崇明水域鲻鱼耳石元素微化学分析 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：4
利用电子显微探针元素分析技术,对长江口崇明水域鲻鱼(Mugil cephalus)的耳石进行了锶和钙沉积特征的初步研究.元素定量线分析和面分布分析结果均直观而明显地表明,长江口鲻鱼存在着多样化的洄游活动.其孵化和早期发育需要盐度适中的生境,而在随后的继续生长和发育阶段,鲻鱼可以灵活地利用长江口淡水、河口半咸水和海水环境,个体之间洄游的"履历"差异很大,反映出了鲻鱼生活史过程中较为复杂的生存策略.本研究旨在探讨鲻鱼的生存环境背景,为今后开展人工养殖提供基础生物学资料. 相似文献
9.
利用电子探针微区分析技术,对2014年8月1日采自江西省余干县瑞洪镇信江(鄱阳湖水系五大河流之一)江段的刀鲚(Coilia nasus)的矢耳石进行了锶和钙的微化学分析研究。元素定量线分析表明,样品的锶钙比值(Sr/Ca×103)波动显著,不仅具有对应淡水生活的低值(Sr/Ca×1033),而且出现了对应于海水生活的高值(3Sr/Ca×1037),显示出其典型的溯河洄游特征。耳石Sr含量的面分析结果与之相同,均具有对应淡水生活的低值(蓝色)区域和海水生活的高值(绿色)区域。这两种耳石微化学类型首次直观地证实,目前距长江河口约1000 km的信江中存在洄游型刀鲚。 相似文献
10.
耳石微化学被广泛应用于鱼类洄游生态学研究,但耳石的摘取难免会造成鱼的死亡和损伤,故寻找可以快捷、非致死地替代耳石进行微化学分析的材料很有意义。为此,本研究比较了刀鲚(Coilia nasus)胸鳍条和耳石微化学的相似性特征。耳石的锶钙比值(Sr/Ca)和Sr含量图谱分型结果分别很好地对应了所研究的洄游型、淡水定居型和陆封型的典型个体。胸鳍条微化学结果显示,湖鲚和短颌鲚2类个体呈现出稳定的低Sr/Ca值?(1.38±0.52)~(2.04±0.74)和(1.40±0.32)~(1.81±0.66)?与刀鲚胸鳍条生活史第一阶段的特征相吻合?(2.06±0.64)~(2.26±0.29)?,这些均反映了淡水生境“指纹”的特征。刀鲚胸鳍条Sr含量图谱和耳石相似,自核心至边缘可分为明显的3个阶段,分别对应于面分布图上自核心至边缘的蓝色、绿色、蓝色之间微化学“指纹”的变化。由此可见,刀鲚胸鳍条可以作为耳石的非致死、低损伤的代替材料,用于刀鲚洄游习性、生境履历等研究。同时,由于胸鳍条具有取样和前处理的优势,在其他鱼类资源或标志放流评价研究时,可以考虑以胸鳍条代替耳石来开展研究。 相似文献
11.
Kyoko Suzuki Tomoyasu Yoshitomi Yoichi Kawaguchi Masaki Ichimura Kaneaki Edo Tsuguo Otake 《Fisheries Science》2011,77(3):313-320
Sakhalin taimen Hucho perryi populations have decreased drastically to near extinction. It is urgent to establish an effective conservation strategy based
on an understanding of the characteristics of migration and habitat use of this species. We examined the migration history
of anadromous Sakhalin taimen captured off the Sarufutsu coast, northern Hokkaido, Japan, using otolith Sr:Ca ratios and also
examined the relationship between their otolith Sr:Ca ratios during freshwater and seawater residence in a rearing experiment.
Otolith Sr:Ca ratios of some fish from the Sarufutsu coast showed freshwater levels (0.5–4.0 × 10−3) near the core, which thereafter increased to brackish water levels (4.0–6.0 × 10−3), and then to seawater levels (6.0–10.0 × 10−3) in the outermost regions. Those findings indicate that specimens from the Sarufutsu coast migrated to the brackish water
region or the sea and spent most of their lives there. The anadromous migration pattern including the timing of downstream
migration seems to be flexible among individuals in the species. They migrate between freshwater and seawater or brackish
water several times during their lives, showing extensive habitat use. It is essential to secure the continuity among the
freshwater, brackish water, and seawater areas for their effective conservation. 相似文献
12.
Importance of estuarine nursery areas for the adult population of the temperate seabass Lateolabrax japonicus,as revealed by otolith Sr:Ca ratios 
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下载免费PDF全文 Otolith Sr:Ca ratios were used to evaluate the contribution of estuarine nursery areas to the temperate seabass (Lateolabrax japonicus) population in Tango Bay, the Sea of Japan. Otolith Sr:Ca ratios of juveniles collected from freshwater, brackish and coastal areas were analysed to determine a criterion for distinguishing whether individuals used estuarine or coastal areas as nurseries. Otolith Sr:Ca ratios of adult seabass collected around Tango Bay were also analysed to detect the records of salinity that juveniles experienced and to estimate the contribution of each habitat. Sr:Ca ratios of the edges of otoliths of juveniles from freshwater areas were 2.4 × 10?3 in average, which were significantly lower than those of juveniles collected from a coastal area (4.9 × 10?3 in average) owing to differences in salinity conditions among these areas. Based on the threshold criterion determined by this difference, 39 out of 107 (36%) adult seabass were estimated to have used the estuary as a nursery during their juvenile stage according to their Sr:Ca chronologies. Despite the small area covered by estuarine nurseries compared with coastal waters, the Yura River estuary contributed considerably to the adult seabass population. This indicates estuaries play an important role as nurseries for seabass juveniles, and it should be noted that the estuaries are important nurseries to conserve the stocks of coastal fishes. 相似文献
13.
Takahiro Kanai Kusuto Nanjo Kodai Yamane Yosuke Amano Hiroyoshi Kohno Yoshiro Watanabe Mitsuhiko Sano 《Fisheries Science》2014,80(6):1231-1239
Estuarine and marine habitat use patterns in the halfbeak Zenarchopterus dunckeri were examined at Iriomote Island, southern Japan, by analyzing otolith Li/Ca and Sr/Ca ratios. The ranges of both Li/Ca and Sr/Ca ratios in juvenile Z. dunckeri from the maximum (30 psu) to minimum (0.5 psu) salinity levels of brackish water estimated from rearing experiments, were compared with those of wild individuals collected from upstream and downstream stations in the Urauchi River estuary. The majority of wild-caught individuals had invariable Li/Ca and Sr/Ca ratios along an otolith transect from the core to the posterior edge, which fell within the otolith Li/Ca and Sr/Ca ranges estimated for estuarine individuals in the rearing experiments, suggesting that such individuals developed within the estuary without migrating to a marine environment at any time, although some downstream-dwelling fish had higher otolith elemental ratios than the predetermined estuarine ranges in the mid transect section. The latter fish may have been accidentally flushed from the estuary into the sea by heavy flood events, subsequently returning to the estuary. The overall results suggested that Z. dunckeri is essentially an estuarine resident, completing its life cycle within an estuarine system. 相似文献
14.
Pierre Feutry Philippe Keith Christophe Pécheyran Fanny Claverie Tony Robinet 《Ecology of Freshwater Fish》2011,20(4):636-645
Abstract – Strontium/Calcium (Sr/Ca) and Barium/Calcium (Ba/Ca) ratios were measured in 60 otoliths of the French Polynesian flagtail Kuhlia malo. Both elemental ratios were needed to correctly distinguish residence in marine, brackish and fresh water. High Sr/Ca and low Ba/Ca around the nucleus of all otoliths provided evidence of marine residency during the early life of all individuals. At about 0.5 mm from the core, Ba/Ca increased rapidly and remained high in all otoliths. High and unstable Sr/Ca ratios were attributed to estuarine residency, whereas low and stable Sr/Ca ratios were attributed to freshwater residency. These chemical signatures inferred that following recruitment to rivers, some fish remained in the estuary, while others moved upstream. Some individuals shared their time between fresh and brackish waters later in life. The findings of this study have important implications for the protection of nearshore, brackish and freshwater environments for the conservation of this French Polynesian diadromous species. 相似文献
15.
Alternative life-history tactics of masu salmon Oncorhynchus masou are well documented. Subsequent to the freshwater parr stage (age ≥ 1 + years), an anadromous form migrates to the sea after smolting, while a resident form matures without seaward migration. In addition to this typical migratory dimorphism, anecdotal reports based on field observations have indicated that some underyearling masu salmon use estuarine waters. However, no empirical evidence indicates saltwater utilisation and subsequent survival in the early parr stage. Here, we used otolith microchemistry to examine whether a portion of masu salmon parr in northern Japan enters coastal habitats. The otolith Sr:Ca ratios of most juveniles collected from six rivers had consistently low values, indicating that masu salmon parr inhabiting these rivers stay only in freshwater. In contrast, in individuals from a steep-gradient river the Sr:Ca ratios increased at about a 200-µm distance from the otolith core. These results suggest that some masu salmon parr might use brackish water or sea water temporarily. In addition, three masu salmon parr were found in another steep river where a culvert located only ten metres from the river mouth completely blocked upstream migration for spawning. The Sr:Ca ratios in these fish increased at about >200 µm from the otolith core, indicating the parr had immigrated to the non-natal river from the sea. Such flexible behaviour at an early life stage may contribute to the spatial expansion of masu salmon, and the movement could moreover help to stabilise its population dynamics. 相似文献
16.
为探明相邻海域凤鲚（Coilia mystus）群体间的差异性,分别采集江苏吕四（吕四群体）、上海崇明（崇明群体）、浙江舟山（舟山群体）和浙江温州（温州群体）邻近海域的凤鲚共240尾。以凤鲚矢耳石为研究对象,利用耳石测量法和耳石框架法获得21个测量参数,通过公式转化为20个形态指标数据,并进行多元统计分析。非参数检验显示4个群体间14个形态指标具有显著性差异（P<0.05）;应用主成分分析构建了7个反映耳石形态特征的主成分,累计贡献率为81.79%,结果显示不同群体耳石的整体形态相似,各群体间的耳石形态差异主要体现在局部的框架形态指标;利用贡献率最大的9个形态指标构建了4个群体的判别方程,温州群体的判别准确率最高,为96.7%,其次是崇明群体（66.7%）、吕四群体（60.0%）和舟山群体（58.3%）;聚类分析表明崇明和舟山群体距离最近,其次为吕四群体,与温州群体距离最远。结果表明,崇明、舟山和吕四群体间矢耳石形态差异较小,而温州群体与这3个群体的差异最大,可单独确立为一个生态群体。可见,短距离洄游性凤鲚不同群体间耳石形态差异大小与群体地理阻隔程度相关。 相似文献
17.
基于CART算法的长江口鱼种丰富度预测 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
长江口是西太平洋最大的河口生态系统和典型的生态群落交错区,预测鱼类生物多样性对评价其生态系统有着重要的科学指示意义。结合2012―2013年长江口15个站点的渔业资源和环境调查数据,利用分类与回归树(CART)算法中的回归树算法,构建了长江口鱼种丰富度预测模型。基于1-SE准则,最优决策树的复杂性参数设置为0.067,结果表明,盐度、溶解氧和季节是影响长江口鱼类生物多样性的主要因子。此外,使用2014年的观测数据对回归树模型预测的长江口鱼种丰富度予以验证,均方根误差(RMSE)、平均相对误差(ARE)和平均绝对误差(AAE)值的统计结果显示,回归树模型在春、夏季的预测效能优于秋、冬季,模型总体上呈现出了较好的预测能力,表明利用CART算法对长江口鱼种丰富度进行预测是可行的。 相似文献
18.
Daverat F, Martin J, Fablet R, Pécheyran C. Colonisation tactics of three temperate catadromous species, eel Anguilla anguilla, mullet Liza ramada and flounder Plathychtys flesus, revealed by Bayesian multielemental otolith microchemistry approach.Ecology of Freshwater Fish 2011: 20: 42–51. © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S Abstract – The colonisation of Gironde (SW France) river catchment by juvenile, eel, Anguilla anguilla, flounder Platychtys flesus and thinlipp mullet Liza ramada was investigated comparatively using Sr:Ca and Ba:Ca composition of otolith. The relation between Sr, Ba and habitat was investigated based on Sr and Ba water composition sampled each month along the estuary‐river gradient. A total of 50 mullets, 30 eels and 47 flounders were collected in the Gironde river catchment. Analysis was performed with a Femtosecond LA‐ICPMS along a trajectory from the core to the edge. Sr and Ba water concentrations discriminated three habitats within the Gironde system, the lower estuary, the upper estuary and the freshwater sites. A signal processing method based on Gaussian hidden Markov models was applied to the multielemental life‐history data. The linear model used to allocate a Gironde habitat to coupled Sr, Ca values was parameterised with seasonal patterns and magnitude of Sr and Ba water values in the different habitats. The results showed that the three species used three different habitats and they had a large diversity of habitat use patterns with resident and nomadic tactics. Resident tactics were less frequent than nomadic tactics that suggested individual fish used two or more habitats. Mullet used a wider range of habitats in the lower part of the estuary than eel and flounder and switched habitats more frequently. Flounders tended to colonise initially freshwater, and then estuarine habitats later in life while mullets used the entire range of available catchment habitats throughout their life. 相似文献