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本研究探索出了在江西应用人工半咸水进行南美白对虾幼体培育、人工半咸水的调配与处理、水质环境控制、饵料投喂等技术。引进南美白对虾无节幼体90万尾，用人工半咸水进行幼体培育试验，以三角褐指藻和牟氏角毛藻为开口饵料，培育出淡化虾苗3万余尾。研究表明：人工半咸水培育南美白对虾幼体具有可行性、科学性和实用性。 相似文献
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锯缘青蟹蚤状幼体的饵料试验 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
锯缘青蟹（Scylla serrata）人工育苗技术上的低成活率一直制约着青蟹养殖业的发展。吴琴瑟、李少菁、朱小明等都曾对锯缘青蟹的人工育苗技术、幼体营养需求、摄食等方面作了不同程度的研究。学者们一致认为，饵料的选用、搭配和投饵密度的控制是提高青蟹育苗存活率的关键。而幼体前期营养的积累对其后期的变态发育及成活率起着至关重要的作用。有鉴于此，笔者在进行批量生产的同时，选用几种动植物饵料和人工配合饵料对青蟹蚤状幼体进行饵料效果试验，以探讨和比较不同饵料搭配的饲喂方式对幼体发育变态及成活率的影响，以期为锯缘青蟹人工育苗提供一些实践依据。 相似文献
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锯缘青蟹和三疣梭子蟹幼体饵料的研究 总被引：7，自引：2，他引：7
采用３种单细胞藻类，３种动物性饵料和４种人工饵料，分别喂养不同发育期的锯缘青蟹和三疣梭子蟹幼体，根据其变态速度和存活率比较各种饵料的饲喂效果。 相似文献
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虽然日本长期以来普遍用活饵料培养日本对虾(Penaeus japonicus)幼体，但与稚虾相比，几乎不了解幼体的营养需要量。最近，我们成功地用角叉藻聚糖作粘合剂(Carrageenan MBD)的人工配合饵料把对虾幼体从溞状期培养到后期幼体期，这表明幼体的正常发育需要在饵料里有磷脂和甾醇等成分。 相似文献
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河蟹人工育苗幼体饵料的研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
河蟹蚤状幼体前期以单胞藻、轮虫为主，后期以鱼糜为主，大眼幼体后以枝角类为主的饵料系列，作为河蟹人工育苗幼体饵料，成功育出了大眼幼体。１９９２年育苗６１３万只，平均出苗量９．７３万只／米＾３，平均成活率４４．８％。以鱼糜代替丰年虫的饵料成本仅为７％。 相似文献
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盐藻(Dunaliellasp.)是一种嗜盐性较强的海产单细胞藻类，是海参幼体(耳状幼体、樽形幼体)的优良饵料。因此，在海参人工育苗过程中，盐藻培养的好坏及其生长繁殖的快慢，将直接影响海参幼体的生长发育和育苗的成败。 相似文献
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Experimental infection of eggs and yolk sac larvae of halibut, Hippoglossus hippoglossus L. 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Abstract Scanning electron micrographs of halibut eggs with an epiflora dominated by Flexibacter sp., showed ulcerations colonized by large numbers of bacteria. The chorion was dissolved in most ulcerations and the zona radiata was severely damaged. Infection experiments showed that exposure to these bacteria caused high mortalities at the late egg stage, hatching and the early yolk sac stage. Eggs exposed to three different Vibrio spp. showed different mortality patterns, with low mortality at hatching, followed by a continuous high mortality throughout the yolk sac stage. Mortality in the uninfected control group was low throughout the experiment. Transmission electron microscopy of the Vibrio -infected larvae showed bacteria present in the gill, heart and frontal yolk sac regions. 相似文献
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翡翠贻贝幼虫饲料的初步研究 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
本文介绍了翡翠贻贝幼虫饲料的研究成果。翡翠贻贝的受精卵在水温27．7—29．3℃，48小时就发育成早期直线绞合期幼虫，开始具有摄食食物的能力。此时以球藻为饲料的幼虫，其生长速度与不投饲料的相似，而活动能力反比不投饲料的差，至第7天就全部死亡；以扁藻为饲料的幼虫其早期生长也同不投饲的近似；以酵母的饲料的幼虫生长快，存活率高。但当发现到了壳顶幼虫期，以酵母为饲料的，生长发育慢，活动能力弱，死亡率高；以扁藻为饲料的生长发育快，但死亡率较高。对于壳顶期幼虫如果饲以酵母和扁藻的混合饲料，则生长速度同单独饲以扁藻的接近，但明显地能提高幼虫的活动能力和存活率。 相似文献
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2016年6月10-15日对长江中游黄石江段三种不同类型河道(分汊型、顺直型和弯曲型)中仔鱼的空间格局进行了研究。共采集仔鱼12 331尾,隶属于5目7科25种,优势种为贝氏(Hemiculter bleekeri)(占仔鱼总数的89.4%)、鳊(Parabramis pekinensis)(占4.6%)和吻虾虎鱼属(Rhinogobius sp.)(占1.6%)。弯曲型河道仔鱼平均密度最大,为(2.34±1.10)ind/m~3;分汊型河道次之,为(1.97±2.03)ind/m~3,顺直型河道最低,为(1.79±1.19)ind/m~3。三种河道类型的仔鱼总体空间分布特征相似,在水平分布上,近岸处仔鱼密度最高(3.06±1.54)ind/m~3,江心最低(1.16±0.94)ind/m~3;垂直分布上,仔鱼密度表层(3.20±2.51)ind/m~3最高,其次为中层(1.69±1.35)ind/m~3,底层最低(1.20±1.20)ind/m~3。不同发育阶段的仔鱼分布呈现一定规律,总体上仔鱼从卵黄吸尽期开始倾向于分布在近岸处浅水区。本研究表明分汊型和弯曲型河道中的近岸水域是鱼类育幼场的主要分布区,在航道整治等涉水工程的建设中应该予以重点保护。 相似文献
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Marco Antonio López-Torres & Marcial Leonardo Lizárraga-Partida 《Aquaculture Research》2007,38(7):671-680
The impact of shrimp larvae development, as well as water and food inputs upon the increase of bacterial populations within the bacterial community of hatchery tank biofilms, was studied. For this study, a total of 68 biofilm samples were collected from concrete tanks at three larvae production times in a commercial shrimp hatchery. Seventeen samples were taken at each larval development stage (Zoea I, Mysis I, postlarvae 1 and postlarvae 16), as well as 37 samples from water, shrimp nauplii and food, introduced into the shrimp hatchery tanks. Culturable and direct bacterial counts were performed and 16S‐rRNA‐targeted oligonucleotide probes were used to quantify the presence of specific bacterial groups. An average of 27–70% of DAPI total cell counts were detected with the EUB338 probe, while the GAM42a probe signal ranged from 1% to 11%. Vibrio‐like bacteria (VLB) counts in TCBS agar ranged from <10 to 101 VLB/cm−2, with a tendency to increase at the last postlarvae stage. The most significant external source of bacteria registered with GAM42a probe and TCBS agar were found in live Artemia nauplii, used as food; nevertheless, biofilms remain with low counts of these groups. 相似文献
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Phenotypic effects of antibiotic‐induced axenity and egg disinfection in early larval European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.) 
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下载免费PDF全文 Spyridon Nikolakakis Kristof Dierckens Peter Bossier Dominique Adriaens 《Aquaculture Research》2018,49(7):2536-2552
In the present study, the hypothesis that the difference in axenic conditions in the incubation and rearing environment of European seabass larvae induces size and shape effects on the specimens is tested. This difference is studied between xenic and axenic seabass larvae of DAH (day after hatching) 0, 5, 11 and 15. The axenic rearing protocol involves an egg disinfection with glutaraldehyde after the primary one with iodine in the hatchery, and the hypothesis that this secondary disinfection induces size and shape effects is also tested. In order to accomplish this, three egg and larvae treatments are included: “DA” (disinfected axenic), “DX” (disinfected xenic) and “NX” (nondisinfected xenic). Regarding the effect of antibiotic‐induced axenity, DA larvae exhibited larger bodies than both DX and NX on DAH 5 and 11. They also had a smaller yolk sac than DX at hatching, but consumed it slower. Towards the end of the experiment, DA larvae were thicker, but slightly more curved than DX and NX, which may be an abnormal shape, or a slightly more advanced ontogenetic stage. As far as egg disinfection, it had significant but very moderate shape effects on DAH 5 and 11, and disinfected larvae consumed their yolk sac faster. To the best of our knowledge, this study is one of the first to illustrate the subtle but significant size and shape effects caused by antibiotic‐induced axenity and secondary egg disinfection in the early larval stages, which suggest the existence of bacterial mechanisms that play a phenotypic role. 相似文献
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对红头丽体鱼[Cichlasoma synspilum（♀）]×红魔丽体鱼[C. citrinellum（♂）]杂交子一代（F1）（俗称“血鹦鹉”）的胚胎及仔鱼形态发育进行观察,描述了各发育时期的发育时序和形态特征。平均受精率为（91.33±3.06）％,平均孵化率为（91.67±2.08）％;血鹦鹉的受精卵呈椭圆球形,黏性,有浅黄、白灰和红褐3种颜色,无油球,平均卵长径为（1.89±0.04）mm;发育过程可分为6个阶段：受精卵阶段、卵裂阶段、原肠期、神经胚期、器官形成期和孵出期,并进一步分为28个发育分期;在水温（30±0.5）℃下历时约52 h 36 min 完成孵化。初孵仔鱼全长（3.71±0.05）mm,卵黄长径为（1.74±0.09）mm,短径为（1.25±0.07）mm,于第3天开始摄食轮虫,孵出后第5天卵黄囊完全消失。第13天全长（11.86±1.02）mm,各鳍条基本形成,进入稚鱼期。 相似文献
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Awatef Trabelsi Jean‐Noël Gardeur Fabrice Teletchea Jean Brun‐Bellut Pascal Fontaine 《Aquaculture Research》2013,44(4):657-666
Based on the analysis of 11 morphometric variables of body (total length, body area and perimeter, myotome height and eye diameter) and yolk sac (length, height, area, perimeter and volume) of pike larvae, the aim of this study was to evaluate how larval size at hatching and growth of larvae hatched from single egg batches vary according to three hatching times: early, mid and late. Hatching time structures strongly pike larval morphometrics. Early hatched larvae have smaller body sizes at hatch, faster growth and higher yolk use efficiency than late hatched ones. Early hatched larvae seem to be premature and hatch at precocious developmental stage whereas late hatched individuals continue their growth within the egg shell and hatch at larger size but with lower reserves (yolk). A compensatory growth phase was observed for the early hatching pike larvae particularly during the first 5 days post hatch. Consequently, no significant difference in body parameters was recorded from day 10 post hatching whatever the hatching time. The higher growth accomplished by early hatched larvae may be related to a particular metabolic activity that converts more efficiently yolk into body tissues. 相似文献
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Ming-Yih Leu Chyng-Hwa Liou Wei-Hsien Wang Shuenn-Der Yang & Pei-Jie Meng 《Aquaculture Research》2009,40(9):1019-1030
Successful natural spawning of Pomacanthus semicirculatus in captivity from 11 September to 18 October, 2006 is described for the first time. Each female laid an average of 230 000 eggs during the spawning period. Fertilized eggs were spherical, transparent and buoyant and had a mean diameter of 0.61 ± 0.03 mm (mean ± SD). Embryonic development lasted 18–21 h at 28.5 °C. Newly hatched larvae were 1.35 ± 0.02 mm in total length (TL) with 27 (12+15) myomeres and had an oil globule in the ventroposterior area of the yolk sac. Larvae completed yolk absorption within 3 days post hatching at 2.37 ± 0.05 mm TL. Larvae were fed either 100% microalgae ( Nannochloropsis sp.), 100% s-type rotifers ( Brachionus rotundiformis ), 100% dinoflagellates ( Gonyaulax sp.) or different combinations of the three (50%:50%:0%, 30%:35%:35%) to determine the effect of live feed on the survival rate. The survival was significantly ( P <0.001) better in larvae fed a combination of diets (30%: 35%: 35%) than others. These results indicate that P. semicirculatus is a potential species for captive-breeding programmes and the use of a combination of diets (microalgae plus s-type rotifers and dinoflagellates) may be a suitable first food for fish larvae. 相似文献