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1.
牲猪人工授精是充分利用优良种公猪,加速牲猪品改,提高经济效益的有效措施。人工授精情期受服率的高低和产仔数的多少,关系到母猪生产的经济利益。由于母猪年龄差异和输精时间控制不好,以及精液处置不恰当,往往导致母猪输精后返请量大,情期受股率不高。为提高母猪情期受胎率,199o年以来对不同年龄母猪输精时间、稀释液配方、精液保存方法及精液运送方式进行了探索,现将情况报告于后。l材料和方法1．l试验种公猪和母猪试验用大约克种猪1头,采用徒手采精,供试母猪为炎陵县十都镇农户的本地（两头黑为主）适龄母猪。1．2母猪人工输精… 相似文献
2.
10cm适度深部输精对杜洛克、长白和大白母猪繁殖性能的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以杜洛克、长白和大白母猪群为研究对象,探究10 cm适度深部输精对3个品种母猪繁殖性能的影响。选择杜洛克母猪60头、长白母猪65头、大白母猪93头,按品种随机分为深部输精组和常规输精组,其中深部输精组采用10 cm适度深部输精方法。分析两种输精方式对3个品种母猪的受胎率、分娩率、活仔率和健仔率等繁殖性能指标的影响。结果表明,从输精前期操作时间看,3个品种母猪深部输精组极显著长于常规输精组（P〈0.01）,长白和大白母猪深部输精组精液输入时间则明显短于常规输精组（P〈0.05）。从受胎率和分娩率看,大白母猪、杜洛克母猪和长白母猪深部输精和常规输精组间没有显著差异（P〉0.05）。深部输精与常规输精组中杜洛克和大白母猪相比,母猪窝产仔数、窝产活仔数和窝产健仔数差异均不显著（P〉0.05）。长白母猪深部输精组窝产仔数和窝产活仔数显著高于常规输精组（P〈0.05）。另外,两种输精方式对3个品种母猪活仔率和健仔率没有影响（P〉0.05）。因此,为提高人工授精技术的效率和产仔性能,建议在长白母猪繁育过程中采用10 cm适度深部输精技术。 相似文献
3.
摘要：本文对母猪深部输精技术的临床应用及效果进行观察试验。临床对比试验结果显示,母猪深部输精、常规输精、本交配种的受胎率分别为83.33%、78.13%和82.14%,窝均产仔数分别为11.2头、9.72头和11.04头,表明深部输精的配种受胎率、窝均产仔数显著优于常规输精(P<0.05),与本交配种相当,无显著差异性(P>0.05)。不同输精量对母猪繁殖性能影响的试验结果显示,输精量分别为20 mL/次、40 mL/次、60 mL/次、80 mL/次的配种受胎率分别为75.58%、82.14%、81.48%和82.50%,窝均产仔数分别为8.58头、10.57头、10.82头和10.95头;表明深部输精的理想剂量为40 mL/次(有效精子数为15亿个),与输精量为20 mL/次相比,差异显著(P<0.05),与输精量为60 mL/次、80 mL/次相比,差异不显著(P>0.05)。深部输精技术对母猪子宫内膜炎的影响试验发现,规模养殖场和散养户中母猪子宫炎的发病率分别为2.78%和5.88%;母猪发情率分别为94.44%和89.47%;情期受胎率分别为94.12%和89.47%。由此表明,深部输精造成母猪子宫损伤的概率极低(2%～5%),一般不影响母猪的再次发情和排卵,是成熟的输精技术。 相似文献
4.
叶四城 《养殖与饲料．饲料世界》2007,(9)
针对影响人工授精配种受胎率和窝均产仔数的精子活力、密度、输精量及输精次数进行探讨.结果表现为:瘦肉型猪进行人工授精时,精液精子活力达0.7,3～5倍稀释,输精量100 mL/次,进行2次输精时,经产母猪人工授精受胎率和窝均产仔数分别达81.58%和10头以上,青年初产母猪人工授精受胎率和窝均产仔数分别为70%和7.82头以上,与本交对比,差异不显著(P＞0.05);试验表明,瘦肉型二元杂母猪进行人工授精可取得理想的人工授精受胎率和窝均产仔数,达到与本交相当的效果,可达到降低成本,提高经济效益的目的. 相似文献
5.
为研究母猪子宫深部输精与常规输精的差异,选择153头2~3胎滇陆母猪分成3组,即60 m L深部输精组48头、40 m L深部输精组52头和80 m L常规输精组53头;选择同场台系杜洛克公猪人工授精。另选择67头2~3胎丹麦大约克母猪分成3组,即60 m L深部输精组21头、20m L深部输精组22头和80 m L常规输精组24头;选择同场的丹麦长白种公猪人工授精。结果表明,与常规输精80 m L组相比,滇陆母猪子宫深部输精60 m L组情期受胎率、窝产仔数和窝产活仔数分别提高0.82个百分点(P0.05)、0.20头(P0.05)和0.65头(P0.05);子宫深部输精40 m L组情期受胎率和窝产活仔数分别提高1.70个百分点(P0.05)和0.27头(P0.05),窝产仔数降低0.04头(P0.05)。丹麦大约克母猪子宫深部输精60 m L组情期受胎率、窝产仔数和窝产活仔数分别提高2.97个百分点(P0.05)、0.78头(P0.05)和0.85头(P0.05);子宫深部输精20 m L组情期受胎率提高3.40个百分点(P0.05),窝产仔数和窝产活仔数分别降低0.30头(P0.05)和0.52头(P0.05)。结论:母猪子宫深部输精可减少精液使用量而不影响受胎率和产仔数,建议扩大试验后推广使用。 相似文献
6.
选择本场体况、体重相近的3～5胎断奶后正常发情的长大母猪96头,随机分成试验1组、试验2组和试验3组,每组32头。试验猪均采用人工授精配种,但试验1组母猪输精完毕后输精管打折插入输精瓶中在母猪体内停留到自动脱落,试验2组母猪输精完毕后输精管打折插入输精瓶中在母猪体内停留3min后抽出,试验3组母猪输精完毕后立即抽出输精管。结果,试验1组、试验2组和试验3组母猪的情期受胎率、窝均产仔数差异均不显著（P〈0．05）,同时均未观察到明显的精液倒流现象。初步证实输精后输精管在母猪体内停留时间对人工授精效果无明显的影响。 相似文献
7.
为探索情期受胎率和产仔数与输精剂量和输精次数的关系,弄清母猪一个情期内适宜输精次数和输精剂量,采用双因子三水平方法,设计20 mL、40 mL、80 mL 3种剂量各输精1次、2次、3次的试验研究方案,通过在3个县4个点对720头农村饲养的母猪进行试验,得出相同输精剂量下情期受胎率随情期内输精次数增加而提高、产仔数随情期内输精次数的增加而增加,相同输精次数下情期受胎率与输精剂量关系不大、产仔数与输精剂量有一定关联的规律,确定情期内输精2次、次剂量40 mL即可,对猪人工授精改良工作具有指导意义。 相似文献
8.
9.
1公猪精液原因由于采出的精液没有经过认真观察,稀释处理后便直接进行输精,导致母猪情期受胎率和产仔数降低。当精液中死精率超过20%或活力低于0.7时,母猪的受胎率和产仔数就会受 相似文献
10.
目前,我国养猪业仍以分散的家庭调养为主,因此猪的人工授精技术的推广普及受到环境条件等多方面因素的制约,鉴别母猪发情、排卵及人工授精时间的确定主要依靠外部特征观察和实践经验。通过近年来在生产上推广猪的人工授精技术,我们发现通过分析和掌握母猪个体间的差异来确定母猪发情后最适输精时间,是提高母猪受胎率和产仔数的重要措施。通过相关技术的推广,山东省猪人工授精的情期受胎率由原来的85％提高到95％以上,母猪产仔数由6头左右提高至8头左右,其方法是：1．母猪品种方面的差异。当地猪种如里岔黑猪、沂蒙黑猪、昌潍白猪等… 相似文献
11.
Rassnick KM Gieger TL Williams LE Ruslander DM Northrup NC Kristal O Myers NC Moore AS 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2001,15(3):196-199
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks. 相似文献
12.
Furosemide continuous rate infusion in the horse: evaluation of enhanced efficacy and reduced side effects 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Johansson AM Gardner SY Levine JF Papich MG LaFevers DH Fuquay LR Reagan VH Atkins CE 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):887-895
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses. 相似文献
13.
Waruiru RM Thamsborg SM Nansen P Kyvsgaard NC Bogh HO Munyua WK Gathuma JM 《Tropical animal health and production》2001,33(3):173-187
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round. 相似文献
14.
The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host. 相似文献
15.
16.
Evaluation of biohydrogenation rate of canola vs. soya bean seeds as unsaturated fatty acids sources for ruminants in situ 
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下载免费PDF全文 S. Pashaei T. Ghoorchi A. Yamchi 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2016,100(2):211-216
An experiment was conducted to study disappearance of C14 to C18 fatty acids, lag times and biohydrogenation (BH) rates of C18 fatty acids of ground soya bean and canola seeds in situ. Three ruminally fistulated Dallagh sheep were used to determine ruminal BH of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs). Differences in the disappearance of fatty acids through the bags and lag times were observed between the oilseeds. We saw that the longer the incubation time of the oilseeds in the rumen, the lower the content of C18:2 and C18:3. Significantly higher lag times for both C18:2 and C18:3 were observed in ground canola compared to ground soya bean. BH rates of C18:2 and C18:3 fatty acids in soya bean were three times higher than those of canola. These results suggest that the fatty acid profile of fat source can affect the BH of UFAs by rumen micro‐organisms. So that UFAs of canola had higher ability to escape from ruminal BH. It seems that fatty acid profile of ruminant products is more affected by canola seed compared to soya bean seed. 相似文献
17.
Serum biochemical values and the wet weight to dry weight ratios of tissues were determined in yaks in Shandan county of Gansu province. The liver, kidney, heart and muscle contents of seven elements in yaks were also analysed. Most serum biochemical values were similar to those of cattle, camels and sheep, but the calcium concentration was considerably above the normal range for other ruminants. The liver contained the highest concentrations of copper, manganese and cobalt and the kidney of selenium, iron and calcium.Abbreviations Alb
albumin
- ALT
alanine aminotransferase
- AST
aspartate aminotransferase
- BUN
blood urea nitrogen
- Chol
cholesterol
- Glob
globulin
- -GT
-glutamyl transpeptidase
- IP
inorganic phosphorus
- TP
total protein 相似文献
18.
A knowledge of the microbiological status of milk and of the different structures in the mammary glands has great importance
in elucidating the pathogenesis of mammary gland infections. The objective of this study was to evaluate the microbiological
status of various structures in the mammary glands from naturally infected dairy cows following slaughter. A total of 94 samples
of milk, 184 samples of mammary parenchyma, 168 samples of gland cisterns, and 168 samples of teat cisterns were collected
for microbiological examination. Microorganisms were detected in 59.9% of all samples, 67.0% of the milk samples, 70.1% of
the mammary parenchymas, 55.9% of the gland cisterns and 48.8% of the teat cistern samples. When all samples were considered,
coagulase-negative Staphylococcus were the most prevalent (35.7%) followed by coagulase-positive Staphylococcus (12.2%), Corynebacterium bovis (2.4%), Prototheca sp. (1.9%), and Streptococcus dysgalactiae (1.5%). There was a significantly higher occurrence of microorganisms in the milk and mammary parenchyma compared to the
gland cisterns and teat cisterns.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
19.
Four grass plots were sequentially contaminated with goat faeces containing known numbers of unembryonated eggs of predominantly Haemonchus contortus and Trichostrongylus spp. between October 1982 and April 1983. Four other plots were similarly contaminated with sheep faeces between February and May 1987. An additional plot was repeatedly contaminated with sheep faeces from February to April 1987. Populations of free-living stages in faeces and of infective larvae (L3) in the herbage were subsequently monitored until the end of April and June of 1983 and 1987 respectively. During February and May 1987 two control cultures of sheep faeces were incubated in the laboratory at 25°C–30°C and at a constant temperature of 50°C and the free-living development was also monitored. L3 developed very readily in the faeces cultured at 25°C–30°C and in those spread on a grass plot in October, at the end of the wet season, but developed less on the plot contaminated in May at the start of the wet season. Worm eggs in faeces deposited on plots during the hot dry season (December to April) or incubated at 50°C died and disintegrated after 24–48 h exposure to the high environmental temperatures. The results indicate that it is unlikely that gastrointestinal nematodes of sheep and goats can develop or survive on open pasture during the dry season in the Nigerian derived savanna zone. 相似文献
20.
Acute phase proteins in dogs naturally infected with the Giant Kidney Worm (Dioctophyme renale) 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Elizabeth M. S. Schmidt Mads Kjelgaard‐Hansen Funmilola Thomas Asta Tvarijonaviciute José J. Cerón P. David Eckersall 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2016,45(4):657-664