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香樟根际促生菌的筛选与促生特性研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以香樟根际土壤为试材,采用PVK平板检测法、亚历山大平板检测法、CAS平板检测法、JNFb培养基检测法、Salkowski比色法,分别研究了从香樟根际土中随机挑取的22株细菌的解磷、解钾、产铁载体、固氮、产吲哚-3-乙酸(IAA)能力,采用16S rDNA对产铁载体和产IAA能力较强的菌株进行了分子鉴定,以期为探讨香樟速生、耐贫瘠等机制,同时也为香樟及其它植物研制微生物菌肥提供一定的参考依据。结果表明:挑取的22株细菌中,有7株具有解磷能力,8株具有固氮能力,11株能产铁载体,16株能产IAA。对初步分离的具有产铁载体和产IAA的菌株进行进一步的定量测定发现,菌株XZ3和XZ22产生的铁载体活性单位明显高于其它菌株,分别为78.4%和74.6%。XZ11和XZ13产IAA的能力最强分别为46.82、46.19μg·mL~(-1)。经16S rDNA分子鉴定,XZ3和XZ22分别隶属短小芽孢杆菌(Lysinibacillus sp.)和芽孢杆菌(Bacillus sp.),XZ11和XZ13分别隶属假单胞菌(Pseudomonas sp.)和短小芽孢杆菌(Lysinibacillus sp.)。 相似文献
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以青海野生中国沙棘根际土为试材，从中筛选出具有一定促生能力的菌株，利用传统培养法对野生中国沙棘根际促生菌进行分离，利用平板划线法对菌株进行分纯。通过形态特征、生理生化试验和16S rDNA对分离菌株进行种属鉴定，运用溶磷法对菌株的解磷能力进行测定，用原子吸收仪进行解钾能力的测定，以期为挖掘具有潜在应用价值的高效根际促生菌株创造条件。结果表明：根据生理生化和16S rDNA分子鉴定获得4株分离菌株，4株菌归属于假单胞菌属，能力测定结果显示K7溶解有机磷半径为13.71 mm, K28溶解无机磷半径为7.62 mm, K39解钾率为14.33μg·mL-1。所得菌株中的3株分别是高效的解有机磷、解无机磷和解钾菌株，表明3株菌株制成混合菌剂可作为开发高效菌肥的潜在材料。 相似文献
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为了筛选获得复合型功能微生物(PGPR)菌株材料,进而从功能微生物的角度理解稻—油轮作制度的优势,以稻—稻、稻—油轮作制度下耕层水稻土壤作为筛选源,采用选择性培养基传统培养法对可培养细菌、固氮菌、解磷菌以及产IAA菌株进行分离和筛选,并利用人工气候箱培育试验验证了对部分筛选获得的复合型促生菌株对油菜、黄瓜幼苗早期生物促生效果。结果表明:稻—稻轮作耕层土壤可分离固氮菌35株、解磷菌3株;稻—油轮作耕层土壤可分离固氮菌38株、解磷菌35株;具有固氮、解磷以及较强生长素分泌能力的复合型促生菌株6株,其普遍对油菜和黄瓜早期幼苗株高生长具有一定的促生效果,可分别提高25.45%～111.96%和4.45%～18.22%;此外,DD-69和DY-111菌株对黄瓜根长、DY-6和DD-79菌株对黄瓜鲜质量具有显著的促生作用。 相似文献
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【目的】从苹果不同部位内生真菌中筛选具有促生潜力的菌株，为开发苹果益生真菌储备菌种资源，为探究苹果内生真菌与宿主互利共生关系提供试验基础。【方法】采用组织分离法获得内生真菌，基于ITS序列鉴定到属种；筛选、比较菌株产IAA、铁载体等促生能力；回接潜力菌株于苹果组培苗，50 d后观察组培苗生长情况。【结果】共分离获得内生真菌51株鉴定为29种。促生潜力筛选后，选取IAA含量高、兼具促生功能多的5株菌（LG06、PG06、LG12、LY09、PJ09）回接苹果组培苗。结果表明其中4株内生真菌对苹果组培苗的促生效果明显，与对照相比，菌株PG06的叶片数量、叶绿素含量、叶片总氮含量增高最多（p<0.05），依次增加了61.17%、44.08%、42.56%。【结论】苹果内生真菌PG06、LG12、LG06、LY09对苹果组培苗均具有显著促生作用，可进一步探索田间试验。研究为苹果生物肥料的研发提供了实验依据。 相似文献
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从健康番茄植株根际土中分离筛选得到对番茄灰霉病菌和番茄叶霉病菌均有较强拮抗作用的生防细菌WXCDD51,通过形态特征、生理生化特征和16S r DNA序列分析鉴定其属于假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas sp.)。菌丝生长试验研究结果表明,该菌株的无菌滤液可以显著抑制番茄灰霉病菌和番茄叶霉病菌菌丝生长,抑制率分别为94.29%和94.06%;盆栽试验结果表明,该菌株可以有效防治番茄灰霉病和番茄叶霉病,防效分别为66.23%和69.45%;拮抗试验显示,该菌株对10种植物病原真菌均有不同程度的抑制作用,抑菌率在53.04%~94.59%;促生试验表明,该菌株对番茄种子萌发及幼苗生长均具有一定的促进作用,用浓度为10~6 cfu·mL~(-1)的菌液浸种处理,种子发芽率、胚根长度与对照相比分别增加80.0%和62.57%。用菌液(10~7 cfu·mL~(-1))灌根处理的番茄幼苗,其各项生理指标均显著高于对照;用菌液(10~7 cfu·mL~(-1))浸泡番茄果实可防止腐烂且对果实营养品质无不良影响。 相似文献
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为探讨植物根际促生菌(PGPR)多粘类芽孢杆菌(Paenibacillus polymyxa)G15-7、NSY50和绿针假单胞菌(Pseudomonas chlomraphis)HG28-5在设施栽培黄瓜上的应用效果,以‘博杰605’黄瓜为试验材料,采用菌液灌根方法,研究其对黄瓜植株生长、果实品质和根际土壤环境的影响,以期改善黄瓜土壤环境促进其生长。结果表明:3种菌株能够促进黄瓜植株生长、提高叶绿素含量和根系活力、改善果实营养品质;同时提高根际土壤蔗糖酶、脲酶、磷酸酶和过氧化酶的活性,增加根际土壤细菌、放线菌的数量以及根际土壤中速效氮、磷、钾的含量,有利于改善黄瓜根际土壤环境。3种菌株中,G15-7处理效果最佳,具有一定的开发利用潜力。 相似文献
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黄瓜根际促生菌的促生效应与防病作用 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
对黄瓜植物根际促生菌(PGPR)菌株的分离筛选、分类鉴定以及人们对其促生防病作用的应用和防病机制的研究现状进行了综述,以期为新型PGPR制剂的进一步研制、开发和应用提供参考. 相似文献
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《中国瓜菜》2021,(9)
为获得具有较高耐盐能力的根际促生菌并探究其对黄瓜幼苗耐盐性的影响,对5株菌株的生化特性进行测定,并通过耐盐盆栽试验初步筛选出HG15-7、NSY1、NSY50等3株耐盐促生菌株,进一步通过盆栽试验比较了3株耐盐促生菌株对黄瓜幼苗生长、光合作用及抗氧化代谢的影响。结果表明,耐盐促生菌株均具有较高的ACC脱氨酶活性和IAA合成能力,接种耐盐促生菌株均可不同程度提高盐胁迫下黄瓜幼苗的株高、茎粗、叶片数、叶绿素含量和净光合速率,其中耐盐促生菌株NSY50处理效果最佳,150 mmol·L-1NaCl处理下分别较对照提高49.63%、8.27%、25.00%、17.19%和9.29%,相对电导率及丙二醛含量分别较对照降低21.81%和22.22%,减轻盐胁迫对黄瓜幼苗的氧化伤害,进而增强黄瓜幼苗耐盐性。NSY50具有进一步研究开发利用的潜力。 相似文献
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The effects of combinations of salinity (no salt, 2000 p.p.m. or 4000 p.p.m. of CaCl2 and NaCl, 1:1) and water table (30 cm, 60 cm or 90 cm from the soil surface), on the vegetative growth and tolerance of ‘Golden Japanese’ plum and ‘Mit Ghamre’ and ‘Balady’ peaches were studied. The plants were grown in lysimeters. The growth of the trunk, total shoot length, the increase in shoot length per cm and the fresh weight of top, root and total plant were reduced with increasing salinity of the irrigation water. The effect was accentuated when the plants were maintained at high water table level. The salinity treatments resulted in the death of 43%, 73% and 76% of the plants in the plum, and the ‘Mit Ghamre’ and ‘Balady’ peaches, respectively, indicating that the plum is more tolerant to salinity than the peach. The plants of the salinity treatments showed various symptoms of salt injury, such as leaf burn, defoliation, shoot die-back and finally death. In the peaches, salt injury started to occur in the first growing-season, whereas the salt injury appeared in the plum in the second growing-season. The symptoms were more pronounced in the 4000 p.p.m. treatment than in the 2000 p.p.m. treatment and were more pronounced at the high water table level. The salinity level was the predominant factor and the effect of the water table on the vegetative growth diminished with increase in the salinity level of the irrigation water. 相似文献
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AIM：To establish a fast, accurate and economical technique for culturing mouse pulmonary arteriolar smooth muscle cells (PASMCs), and to explore the effects of hypoxia on the proliferation and apoptosis of the PASMCs. METHODS：In sterile condition, the pulmonary artery was isolated from the male BALB/c mice by digesting with collagenase I, and the cells were cultured in fetal bovine serum-coated flask. Centrifugal procedure was not used during the cell passage. The cell morphology was observed under an inverted phase-contrast microscope. α-Smooth muscle actin was identified by immunocytochemistry and immunofluorescence. The effects of hypoxia on the proliferation and apoptosis of the PASMCs were detected by CCK-8 assay and TUNEL assay. RESULTS：PASMCs were identified by the methods of immunocytochemistry, immunofluorescence staining and observation of morphology. Unlike the rat PASMCs with typical subcultured peak-vally pattern, the mouse PASMCs showed a lot different without a peak-vally pattern. The cells could be subcultured after 5 d to 7 d and there was 3 to 5 generations depending on the activity of the cells. CCK-8 assay demonstrated that the A values of PASMCs exposed to hypoxia increased after 24 h (P＜0.05) as compared with normoxia. TUNEL result showed that the apoptotic index of the PASMCs in hypoxia decreased after 24 h (P<0.05). CONCLUSION：This technique for obtaining cultured mouse PASMCs is simple, fast, accurate and economical. The digestion time is easy to control. Hypoxia promotes the proliferation and inhibits the apoptosis of PASMCs. 相似文献
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Fresh onion seeds desiccated to 6.0% seed moisture content (SMC) were stored in various packaging materials under different storage conditions. Seeds packed in aluminum-laminated pouches beside those stored with silica gel at 25 °C maintained satisfactory germinability and vigour after 12 months. Desiccated seeds stored in moisture impervious containers produced more vigourous seedlings. Germination potential of onion seeds increased with reduced SMC besides storage in moisture impervious packets along with desiccants as physiological and biochemical attributes are regulated. Seed viability and vigour decreased with accelerated ageing due to increased lipid peroxidation, decreased activities of several free radical and peroxide scavenging enzymes. Electrical conductance of seed leachates also increased with ageing. Thus, adoption of appropriate storage temperature and moisture control techniques would significantly affect onion seed quality, which was due to minimum accumulation of free peroxide radicals and enhanced activity of free radical scavenging enzymes. 相似文献
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小檗碱和壳聚糖抗蔬菜病原真菌活性测定及复合膜制备 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
研究了小檗碱和壳聚糖对几种常见蔬菜病原真菌的抑制活性,以及以小檗碱和壳聚糖为主料制备复合膜的方法,并测定了该膜的药物释放效果。试验表明:低浓度(0.234 mg/mL)小檗碱即可抑制辣椒炭疽病菌(Vermicularia capsici)等5种蔬菜病原真菌的生长。20 mg/mL浓度壳聚糖对番茄灰霉病菌(Botrytis cinerea)的抑制率高达65%,而对其余4种果蔬病原真菌也有一定的抑制作用。为了集成这2种天然化合物的优点,制备了小檗碱-壳聚糖复合膜,该膜具有缓释功能,在模拟外部环境(磷酸缓冲液,pH 6.8)条件下,20 d小檗碱累计释放率接近25%,提示其在果蔬贮藏抗菌中的应用价值。 相似文献
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以大荔县冬枣种植区采集的发病枣果为试材,采用常规组织分离法进行病原菌的分离纯化,通过柯赫氏证病法则、形态学观察及分子生物学分析,研究鉴定了冬枣黑斑病和炭疽病的病原菌种类,并采用田间调查法对2种病害为害特征进行比较分析,以期为田间有效区分冬枣黑斑病和炭疽病为害症状,并快速判断其病原类型,及进一步深入开展精准防控提供参考和指导.结果表明:陕西大荔冬枣黑斑病的病原菌为细极链格孢(Alternaria tenuissima),炭疽病的病原菌为胶孢炭疽菌(Colletotrichum gloeosporioides).2种病害均主要为害枣果实,在枣果果腰或果肩上形成黑褐色病斑,可能同时存在且症状相近极易混淆,但在病斑表面、皮下及久置表型3个方面存在明显区别. 相似文献
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钾肥在小白菜和萝卜上的施用效果 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
采用盆栽试验方法研究了施用钾肥对小白菜、萝卜生长发育、产量、品质及钾素含量的影响。结果表明 ,施用钾肥对小白菜和水萝卜的株高、叶片数无显著的影响 ,但可提高水萝卜块根的产量 ,提高幅度为 31.0 4 %～ 97.93%。施用钾肥可提高小白菜和萝卜的蛋白质和VC含量 ,降低硝酸盐含量 ,增加植株的钾素含量 相似文献