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1.
S Schwarz M Cardoso H Blobel 《DTW. Deutsche tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》1990,97(11):498, 501-498, 503
A total of 33 Staphylococcus hyicus-cultures from piglets with exudative epidermatitis were analyzed for the presence of antibiotic resistance plasmids. Four small plasmids encoding resistances to chloramphenicol, macrolide-lincosamide-antibiotics, streptomycin or tetracyclines could be identified in plasmid-curing and plasmid-transformation experiments. For further characterization these plasmids were digested with restriction endonucleases. This led to the construction of a specific restriction map for each of the 4 plasmids. On the basis of their restriction maps, these 4 antibiotic resistance plasmids from "porcine" S. hyicus-cultures were compared with the respective resistance plasmids of other staphylococcal species from infections of humans and animals. 相似文献
2.
St. Schwarz H. Blobel 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》1990,13(4):209-216
A small plasmid of 2.5 kB mediating constitutive resistance to macrolide-lincosamide-(ML)antibiotics could be detected in a “canine” Staphylococcus epidermidis-culture. This plasmid, designated as pSES 1, was identified by interspecies protoplast transformation into Staphylococcus aureus RN 4220. A detailed restriction map of pSES 1 could be constructed using the restriction endonucleases Acc I, Bcl I, Cfo I, Cla I, Hind III, Hinf I, Mbo I, Sst I and Taq I. This map allowed structural comparisons of pSES 1 with plasmids from “human” Staphylococcus- and Bacillus-species, also mediating macrolide-lincosamide resistance (MLR). On the basis of its restriction map, pSES 1 proved to be similar to the plasmids pNE 131 from “human” S. epidermidis, pE 194 from “human” S. aureus and pIM 13 from B. subtilis. 相似文献
3.
为重组表达猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)M蛋白,本研究将RT-PCR获得的PRRSV CH-1a株M蛋白基因,克隆于pMD18-T载体中,经测序鉴定正确后,亚克隆至牛痘病毒重组转移质粒pSC11中,构建了转移重组质粒pSC11-PRRSV-M。将pSC11-PRRSV-M在脂质体的介导下转染WR株牛痘病毒感染的TK-143细胞,在含有X-gal的琼脂培养基上通过蓝斑筛选含有PRRSV M基因的重组病毒rWR-PRRSV-M。Western blot与IFA检测表明,重组病毒成功表达了PRRSV M蛋白,而且所表达的蛋白保持了良好的免疫原性。动物实验表明,rWR-PRRSV-M所表达的PRRSV M蛋白在免疫小鼠体内诱生了抗PRRSV的抗体。rWR-PRRSV-M的构建,为进一步探讨PRRSV M蛋白免疫原性提供了基础数据,也为PRRS重组活载体疫苗的研究奠定了基础。 相似文献
4.
PRRSV GP5蛋白在重组牛痘病毒中的表达与鉴定 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为构建表达猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)GP5重组牛痘病毒,本研究通过RT-PCR获得PRRSV CH-1a株GP5蛋白基因,将其克隆至pMD18-T栽体.经测序鉴定正确后,将该片段作为目的基因亚克隆至转移质粒pSC11中,构建重组转移质粒(pSC11-GP5).将pSC11-GP5转染WR株牛痘病毒感染的TK-143细胞.与牛痘病毒进行同源重组.在舍有X-gal的琼脂培养基上进行蓝斑筛选,获得了含有PRRSV GP5基因的重组病毒(rWR-PRRSV-GP5).IFA及动物试验表明,重组病毒表达了PRRSV GP5蛋白,并在免疫小鼠体内诱生了较强的PRRSV抗体.实验表明,该重组病毒所表达的PRRSV GP5蛋白保持了良好的抗原性,为进一步研究PRRSVGP5蛋白免疫原性提供了基础数据,也为PRRS重组活载体疫苗的研究奠定了基础. 相似文献
5.
Detection of a chloramphenicol efflux system in Escherichia coli isolated from poultry carcass 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
An active chloramphenicol efflux system was demonstrated in a multiresistant E. coli isolated from poultry carcass. The effect of different concentrations of chloramphenicol on the original strain and on the plasmid-cured strain was determined in the presence and in the absence of CCCP, an uncoupler of the proton-motive force. Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) was lower in the presence of CCCP in the original strain. The plasmid-cured strain displayed lower resistance for chloramphenicol than the wild type, but the MIC was not affected by CCCP. The combined results indicate a plasmid encoded energy dependent resistance mechanism. 3H-chloramphenicol accumulation within the cells was measured by scintillation counting. The uptake or the efflux of 3H-chloramphenicol was influenced by CCCP in the original strain, but not in the plasmid-cured strain. More than one chloramphenicol resistance mechanism may exist in this strain. E. coli is an important commensal or pathogen that inhabits the gastrointestinal tracts of humans and animals, so a plasmid encoded active drug resistance mechanism can be a potential source of horizontal transfer of resistance. 相似文献
6.
Hauschild T Kehrenberg C Schwarz S 《Journal of veterinary medicine. B, Infectious diseases and veterinary public health》2003,50(9):443-446
One hundred and fifty-eight staphylococcal strains isolated from wild rodents and insectivores were analysed for plasmid-borne resistance to tetracycline (Tc). Only 10 isolates, six Staphylococcus saprophyticus isolates and single isolates of S. xylosus, S. equorum, S. warneri and S. cohnii subsp. cohnii carried a Tc resistance plasmid of approximately 4.4 kb as confirmed by protoplast transformation. All 10 plasmids harboured a Tc resistance gene of hybridization class K [tet(K)] as confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The plasmid was assigned to the pT181 family as it revealed a high degree of restriction map homology to pT181 and other members of this family. Macrorestriction analysis with the enzyme SmaI showed that three of the six isolates identified as S. saprophyticus shared the same pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) pattern. 相似文献
7.
猪源大肠杆菌耐药性质粒的监测研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
在１１５株猪大肠杆菌耐药性监测的基础上,提取耐药类型最普遍的５株耐药菌的质粒进行质粒指纹图谱分析。结果表明：同一来源、耐药类型相同的菌株有相似的质粒图谱,来源不同者,酶切图谱有提示出它们之间的同源性,说明质粒指纹图谱可作为流行病学调查的工具。 相似文献
8.
Molecular epidemiology and antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella typhimurium DTI04 on Ontario swine farms. 
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下载免费PDF全文 Abdolvahab Farzan Robert M Friendship Cornelis Poppe Laura Martin Catherine E Dewey Julie Funk 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》2008,72(2):188-194
This study was conducted to examine antimicrobial resistances, plasmid profiles, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns of 80 Salmonella Typhimurium (including var. Copenhagen) DT104 strains (including DT104a and DT104b) recovered from pig and environmental fecal samples on 17 swine farms in Ontario. No resistance was observed to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, apramycin, carbadox, cephalothin, ceftriaxone, ceftiofur, cefoxitin, ciprofloxacin, nalidixic acid, trimethoprim, and tobramycin. However, the isolates exhibited resistance against 4 to 10 antimicrobials with the most frequent resistance being to sulfonamides (Su), ampicillin (A), streptomycin (S), spectinomycin (Sp), chloramphenicol (C), tetracycline (T), and florfenicol (F). Thirteen distinct resistance patterns were determined but 88% of isolates shared the typical resistance pattern "ACSpSSuT." Twelve different plasmid profiles were observed; the 62 MDa virulence-associated plasmid was detected in 95% of the isolates. The 2.1 MDa plasmid was the second most frequent one, which was harbored by 65% isolates. The isolates were classified into 23 distinct genotypes by PFGE-SpeI + BlnI when difference in at least one fragment was defined as a distinct genotype. In total, 39 distinct "types" were observed when defining a "type" based on the combination of antimicrobial resistance, plasmid pattern, and PFGE-SpeI + BlnI for each isolate. The highest diversity was 0.96 (95% CI: 0.92, 0.96) for the "type" described above followed by 0.92 (95% CI: 0.88, 0.93) for PFGE-SpeI + BlnI. The diversity of DT104 isolates indicates there might be multiple sources for this microorganism on swine farms. This knowledge might be used to track these sources, as well as to study the extent of human salmonellosis attributed to pork compared to food products derived from other food-producing animals. 相似文献
9.
Chloramphenicol resistance (CmR) could be detected in 11 of 217 Staphylococcus aureus isolates from bovine subclinical mastitis. All isolates were assigned to biotypes A or C. The CmR-determinants were found to be located exclusively on small plasmids of approximately 4.6 kb as revealed by protoplast transformation. The 11 CmR-plasmids could be differentiated on the basis of restriction endonuclease analyses. The restriction maps of these CmR-plasmids identified two separate groups. One group demonstrated homology to the plasmid pC 221, the other to the plasmid pC 223. Both prototype plasmids, pC 221 and pC 223, had been isolated from S. aureus of human origin. 相似文献
10.
One hundred and fifty‐eight staphylococcal strains isolated from wild rodents and insectivores were analysed for plasmid‐borne resistance to tetracycline (Tc). Only 10 isolates, six Staphylococcus saprophyticus isolates and single isolates of S. xylosus, S. equorum, S. warneri and S. cohnii subsp. cohnii carried a Tc resistance plasmid of approximately 4.4 kb as confirmed by protoplast transformation. All 10 plasmids harboured a Tc resistance gene of hybridization class K [tet(K)] as confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The plasmid was assigned to the pT181 family as it revealed a high degree of restriction map homology to pT181 and other members of this family. Macrorestriction analysis with the enzyme SmaI showed that three of the six isolates identified as S. saprophyticus shared the same pulsed‐field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) pattern. 相似文献
11.
1. Chickens were given either a single dose of chloramphenicol (50 mg/kg body weight per os) or a dose of chloramphenicol together with pyridoxine (25 mg/kg per os) given 1 h before or 4 h afterwards.
2. Concentrations of chloramphenicol were determined in samples of serum and the rates of distribution and elimination extrapolated. Concentrations of chloramphenicol in muscle, liver and kidney were also determined.
3. Serum concentrations of chloramphenicol were lower in chickens given both pyridoxine and chloramphenicol compared with those given only chloramphenicol.
4. Differences were most pronounced during the post‐absorptive phase. The rates of disappearance of chloramphenicol residues from tissues were enhanced by pyridoxine.
5. The biological half life of chloramphenicol and area under the concentration‐time curve were both reduced by the concurrent administration of pyridoxine.
6. Availability of pyridoxine may be a rate limiting factor in the biotransformation of xenobiotics, though its indiscriminate use could cause failure of antibiotic therapy. 相似文献
12.
Frequency and antimicrobial susceptibility of Staphylococcus spp isolated from feline skin lesions 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Swab specimens obtained from skin lesions of 45 cats were cultured bacteriologically for staphylococci. Thirty-two staphylococcal isolates were recovered from 30 cats and were biotyped, using biochemical tests contained in a staphylococcal identification system. Of 23 isolates considered coagulase-positive, 16 were identified as Staphylococcus aureus, 5 as S intermedius, and 2 as S hyicus. Of 9 isolates considered coagulase-negative, 6 were identified as S simulans, 2 as S epidermidis, and 1 as S xylosus. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests were done on all staphylococcal isolates, using a disk-diffusion method. Staphylococcal isolates were susceptible to clavulanic acid-amoxicillin, cloxacillin, cephalothin, chloramphenicol, gentamicin, erythromycin, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Resistance to penicillin G, ampicillin, and tetracycline was frequent. 相似文献
13.
为了构建能够在布鲁氏杆菌宿主细胞和宿主个体中稳定表达红色荧光蛋白的载体,试验通过PCR分别获得核糖体结合位点-红色荧光蛋白（RBS-Red）与布鲁氏菌特异DNA（BDNA）片段,利用重叠延伸PCR获得RBS-Red-BDNA重叠片段;将重叠片段插入pLB载体,利用Sma Ⅰ与Sac Ⅱ对重组pLB载体和pMC-221质粒进行双酶切后连接目的片段,连接产物转化大肠杆菌DH5α感受态细胞;提取的质粒电转布鲁氏菌16M菌株感受态细胞,将电转后的16M-pMC-Red菌株涂布于含有氯霉素抗性的布鲁氏菌培养基,倒置荧光显微镜下观察菌株颜色;16M-pMC-Red菌株侵染小鼠巨噬细胞,制成细胞爬片,激光共聚焦荧光显微镜下观察小鼠巨噬细胞,鉴定红色荧光蛋白表达情况。结果显示,利用重叠延伸PCR技术成功改造了红色荧光蛋白布鲁氏菌双启动子表达载体;将改造获得的质粒电转进布鲁氏杆菌16M菌株,菌株荧光鉴定能够稳定表达红色荧光蛋白;电转成功的16M-pMC-Red菌株侵染小鼠巨噬细胞后,可以稳定表达红色荧光蛋白。试验构建的发红光质粒pMC-Red可以与发绿光质粒pMC-221联用,为不同种株布鲁氏菌之间的联合研究奠定了基础,也为布鲁氏菌病检测提供了一个以荧光检测为指标的新策略。 相似文献
14.
Utilization of both phenotypic and molecular analyses to investigate an outbreak of multidrug-resistant Salmonella anatum in horses. 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Phenotypic and molecular techniques, including antimicrobial susceptibility testing, plasmid analysis, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) were used to characterize 15 isolates of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Salmonella anatum cultured during a 16 mo period from horses and a veterinary clinic environment. The isolates were resistant to multiple antimicrobial agents and could be placed into 4 groups based on their antimicrobial resistance patterns. The isolates contained multiple plasmids ranging in size from 2 to > 100 kb that could be grouped into 3 different plasmid profile patterns; these patterns did not correlate with the antimicrobial resistance groupings. Furthermore, antimicrobial resistance was conjugatively transferable. Digestion of genomic DNA from the 15 isolates with 3 different restriction endonucleases, SfiI, SpeI, and XbaI followed by PFGE revealed a highly conserved restriction endonuclease digestion pattern. In contrast, diverse banding patterns were observed with S. anatum obtained from other sources. These observations suggest that the MDR S. anatum isolates represent a common outbreak strain even though they possess different, albeit similar, antibiograms and plasmid profiles. The study showed that PFGE is a useful epidemiological tool for discriminating between unrelated and outbreak-related strains of S. anatum. In conclusion, epidemiological studies of outbreaks caused by MDR isolates of S. anatum should consist of both genotypic and phenotypic methods of analysis. 相似文献
15.
A small plasmid of 2.5 kB mediating constitutive resistance to macrolide-lincosamide-(ML)antibiotics could be detected in a “canine” Staphylococcus epidermidis-culture. This plasmid, designated as pSES 1, was identified by interspecies protoplast transformation into Staphylococcus aureus RN 4220. A detailed restriction map of pSES 1 could be constructed using the restriction endonucleases Acc I, Bcl I, Cfo I, Cla I, Hind III, Hinf I, Mbo I, Sst I and Taq I. This map allowed structural comparisons of pSES 1 with plasmids from “human” Staphylococcus- and Bacillus-species, also mediating macrolide-lincosamide resistance (MLR). On the basis of its restriction map, pSES 1 proved to be similar to the plasmids pNE 131 from “human” S. epidermidis, pE 194 from “human” S. aureus and pIM 13 from B. subtilis. 相似文献
16.
根据GenBank中MIC3基因序列设计1对引物,采用PCR技术从弓形虫GJS株基因组DNA中扩增微线体蛋白3(MIC3)基因片段,克隆到pMD18-T载体,经PCR、酶切及测序鉴定后,阳性重组质粒酶切并亚克隆到真核表达载体pcDNA3.1(+)后进行PCR、酶切及测序鉴定.重组质粒pcDNA3-MIC3肌肉注射免疫BALB/c小鼠,通过ELISA检测血清特异抗体;经腹腔攻击感染弓形虫GJS株速殖子,观察小鼠的生存时间.结果成功构建了pcD-NA3-MIC3质粒;免疫组小鼠血清检测到特异性抗体;攻击感染后免疫组小鼠平均存活时间较对照组明显延长.表明该核酸疫苗具有较好的免疫原性,能诱导小鼠产生良好的免疫保护作用. 相似文献
17.
为了构建猪囊尾蚴（Cysticercuscellulosae）热休克蛋白的真核表达载体,试验利用PCR技术扩增HSP35．6的基因,将其与增强型绿色荧光蛋白的基因先后连接到pVAXI真核表达载体上,得到pVAXI—HSP35．6-EGFP的重组质粒,经酶切及测序鉴定正确。采用脂质体介导的DNA转染法,将阳性重组质粒转染Vero细胞。转染48h后荧光显微镜下观察到明亮的绿色荧光,说明融合基因可在Vero细胞中高效表达。本研究为进一步研究该蛋白生物学功能奠定了基础。 相似文献
18.
Plasmid mediated antimicrobial resistance in Ontario isolates of Actinobacillus (Haemophilus) pleuropneumoniae. 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 The genetic basis of antimicrobial resistance in Ontario isolates of Actinobacillus (Haemophilus) pleuropneumoniae was studied. Two Ontario isolates of A. pleuropneumoniae were found to be resistant to sulfonamides (Su), streptomycin (Sm) and ampicillin (Amp). Resistance to Su and Sm was specified by a 2.3 megadalton (Mdal) plasmid which appeared to be identical to pVM104, which has been described in isolates of A. pleuropneumoniae from South Dakota. Southern hybridization showed that the 2.3 Mdal Su Sm plasmid was highly related to those Hinc II fragments of RSF1010 known to carry the Su Sm genes, but was unrelated to the remainder of this Salmonella resistance plasmid. Resistance to Su and Amp was specified by a 3.5 Mdal plasmid and appeared identical to pVM105 previously reported. The beta-lactamase enzyme had an isoelectric point of approximately 9.0. Southern hybridization showed no relationship to the TEM beta-lactamase. A third isolate of A. pleuropneumoniae was found to be resistant to chloramphenicol (Cm), Su and Sm by virtue of a 3.0 Mdal plasmid which specified a chloramphenicol acetyl transferase. We conclude that resistance to Su, Sm, Amp and Cm is mediated by small plasmids in A. pleuropneumoniae. Although the Su and Sm resistance determinants are highly related to those found in Enterobacteriaceae, the plasmids themselves and the beta-lactamase determinant are different. 相似文献
19.
试验旨在研究弓形虫胚层发育相关蛋白（TgERP）的免疫原性,以弓形虫RH株的基因组DNA为模板,扩增TgERP基因,将其连接于表达载体pET-30a(+)后,转化至Escherichia coli BL21（DE3）感受态细胞进行IPTG诱导表达,应用Western blotting对重组蛋白的反应原性进行分析,并用纯化后的TgERP蛋白免疫新西兰大白兔,制备多克隆抗体。结果显示,在37 ℃条件下用1.0 mmol/L IPTG诱导6 h表达可溶性TgERP蛋白的量最大。SDS-PAGE结果显示,目的蛋白分子质量为16.7 ku,以可溶形式表达,纯化后蛋白条带单一。经Western blotting分析,TgERP蛋白有较好的反应原性;制备的多克隆抗体效价较高,可达1∶51200,表明该蛋白具有较好免疫原性。提示,TgERP蛋白可作为血清学诊断方法的候选抗原和弓形虫病疫苗的候选分子,为建立弓形虫新型诊断方法和研制新型弓形虫疫苗奠定了基础。 相似文献
20.
Hoffmann B Strauch E Appel B Nattermann H 《Berliner und Münchener tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》2002,115(5-6):189-194
The human pathogenic strains of Yersinia harbour a conserved plasmid carrying the Yop virulon. The virulence plasmid of Yersinia enterocolitica strains belonging to the serogroups O:3 and O:9 were used as probes to detect homologous sequences in plasmids of "avirulent" Yersinia strains. "Avirulent" Yersinia strains (Y. enterocolitica biogroup 1A, Y. intermedia, Y. kristensenii and Y. frederiksenii) lack the virulence plasmid. They are widely distributed in the environment and can frequently be isolated from clinical samples. Hybridisation experiments revealed a number of common genetic elements of the virulence plasmid and the plasmids of "avirulent" Yersinia strains. These elements were identified as genes involved in plasmid replication, as an endonuclease gene and as mobile genetic elements. However, none of the plasmid encoded virulence genes was present in the plasmids of "avirulent" Yersinia strains. The frequent occurrence and the possible etiological relevance of "avirulent" isolates will be discussed. 相似文献