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1.
选用来源于牛和绵羊的27个微卫星DNA标记,对山东省4个地方山羊品种进行遗传多样性分析,通过计算等位基因频率、多态信息含量、不同标记的平均杂和度、总群体杂合度、亚群体杂合度、群体杂合度、基因分化系数、不同群体的F-统计量、基因流动数、不同群体间的基因流动个数和遗传距离并进行聚类分析,评估其种内变异和种间变异的关系,以群体平均杂合度、F-统计量和遗传分化系数为基础,结合四个山羊种群的实际生存状况,提出避免近交和种群间杂交符合山东山羊种群实际状况的保种模式。研究结果可为山东地方种质特性研究提供基础数据,为山东地方山羊种群的合理保护利用提供科学依据。 相似文献
2.
用5个微卫星标记分析四川7个地方山羊品种的遗传关系 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
选用5个微卫星标记对四川7个地方山羊品种(类群)进行了遗传关系分析。结果表明:5个微卫星标记检测到的等位基因数从1～7个不等,平均多态信息含量为0.537～0.716,其中ILSTS004、ILSTS030、McM038和OarFCB011这4个基因座位为高度多态性基因座,CSSM004为中度多态基因座,都能较好地用于山羊群体间的遗传多样性分析。7个山羊群体的平均多态信息含量为0.601～0.696,群体平均杂合度为0.530～0.655,群体间的遗传分化系数为0.1167,表明7个地方山羊群体的遗传多样性较为丰富。群体间的Nei氏遗传距离为0.0822～0.7240,以Nei氏遗传距离为基础构建的系统聚类树表明,藏山羊、建昌黑山羊、成都麻羊和北川白山羊聚为一大类,第2类为乐至黑山羊和金堂黑山羊,最后简阳大耳羊单独成一类。 相似文献
3.
山东境内五个山羊种群生化遗传多态性研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
应用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法（PAGE）,对山东省境内山羊种群的血液生化遗传标记多态性进行分析。结果表明,所测5个山羊品种中,Tf、Akp及EsⅠ基因座均表现出多态性,Hb和EsⅡ基因座仅分别在崂山奶山羊和莱芜黑山羊品种中表现出多态性,Amy未表现出多态性;平均杂合度为0．2876,基因纯合系数在0．6以上,群体的遗传分化系数为0．02614,说明这些山羊群体的遗传变异较低,其97．386％来自群体内遗传多态现象。基于31个多态位点基因频率的系统发育分析证明,带有共同遗传基础的济宁青山羊、鲁北白山羊和崂山奶山羊遗传距离较近,引进的南非波尔山羊与4个地方山羊品种遗传距离最远。 相似文献
4.
应用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法(PAGE),对山东省境内山羊种群的血液生化遗传标记多态性进行分析。结果表明,所测5个山羊品种中,Tf、Akp及EsⅠ基因座均表现出多态性,Hb和EsⅡ基因座仅分别在崂山奶山羊和莱芜黑山羊品种中表现出多态性,Amy未表现出多态性;平均杂合度为0.2876,基因纯合系数在0.6以上,群体的遗传分化系数为0.02614,说明这些山羊群体的遗传变异较低,其97.386%来自群体内遗传多态现象。基于3个多态位点基因频率的系统发育分析证明,带有共同遗传基础的济宁青山羊、鲁北白山羊和崂山奶山羊遗传距离较近,引进的南非波尔山羊与4个地方山羊品种遗传距离最远。 相似文献
5.
利用微卫星标记分析云南省10个山羊品种的遗传多样性 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本研究应用微卫星标记技术,选取15个微卫星位点分析云南省10个地方山羊品种(弥勒红骨山羊、圭山山羊、马关无角山羊、师宗黑山羊、威信白山羊、龙陵黄山羊、罗平黄山羊、云岭山羊、宁蒗黑头山羊、昭通山羊)以及参照群波尔山羊的遗传多样性及遗传关系。结果表明:除MCM200外,其他14个微卫星位点均属于高度多态位点;11个群体观测杂合度值(0.573～0.692)、期望杂合度值(0.608～0.696)、平均多态信息含量(0.562～0.655)均大于0.5,表明群体遗传多样性丰富;群体间遗传变异系数为0.112,处于中等以下分化程度,群体近交系数均为正值(除马关无角山羊),表明云南省地方山羊品种内都存在不同程度的近交;群体间的基因流大于1,说明品种间存在着一定程度的基因交流;基于Nei氏遗传距离计算和UPGMA聚类分析,波尔山羊与10个云南地方山羊品种亲缘关系较远,单独为一支;10个云南地方山羊品种分为2个类群,弥勒红骨山羊、圭山山羊和马关无角山羊聚为一支,师宗黑山羊、威信白山羊、龙陵黄山羊、罗平黄山羊、云岭山羊、宁蒗黑头山羊、昭通山羊聚为一支。 相似文献
6.
利用8个微卫星标记对杜长大三元杂交群体5个种群，斯格配套系8个种群的遗传结构进行了分析。通过计算等位基因频率、基因杂合度、平均杂合度、多态信息含量、纯种间的遗传距离、F-统计量和迁移率进行分析。结果表明各群体的平均基因杂合度存在一定差异。纯种、祖代、父母代、商品代群体的平均座位杂合度和多态信息含量随着群体在杂交繁育体系中位置的由高到低而逐渐升高。Nei氏标准遗传距离显示，父本和母本间的遗传距离大，遗传距离大的父本和母本用于杂交，产生的杂种优势最大，这与实际的杂交组合一致。Fst衡量等位基因频率群体间方差，杜长大群体大约总变异的1．02％～15．60％来自种群间，而剩余的84．40％～98．98％来自种群内，斯格群体大约总变异的3．02％～15．22％来自种群间，而剩余的84．78％～96．98％来自种群内，斯格和杜长大纯种的遗传分化处于较小到中等之间。 相似文献
7.
中国南方地区7个山羊群体的遗传分化与基因流分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用23对微卫星标记分析了中国南方7个山羊群体的遗传分化、基因流、遗传分化程度与地理距离之间的关系,同时利用DC遗传距离构建系统树和STRUCTURE进行动态聚类。结果表明：7个山羊群体总近交系数（Fis）为-7．73％,群体内近交系数（Fis）为-26．5％,群体间基因分化系数（Fis）为14．84％,3个指标均达到极显著水平（P〈0．001）,说明这7个山羊群体总体上和群体内杂合度较高,群体间遗传分化较明显,14．84％的遗传变异来自于群体间,85．16％遗传变异来自于群体内个体间的差异。7个山羊群体每世代两群体间有效迁移个体数（Nem）变化范围为0．8313（宜昌白山羊与黄淮山羊）到3．4103（马头山羊与湘东黑山羊）,平均为1．5770。7个山羊群体间的基因分化程度与地理距离和遗传距离相关不显著（P〉O．05）。宜昌白山羊、马头山羊、湘东黑山羊、福清山羊、戴云山羊、黄淮山羊、长江三角洲白山羊群体中属于各自采样群体的概率分别为99．1％、98％、96．2％、96．6％、98．7％、98．7％和98．7％。同时,STRUCTURE软件通过变化的分群数体现的聚类情况与用DC遗传距离所构建的系统聚类图结果一致。研究结果表明：这7个山羊群体间的遗传分化主要是自然选择作用的结果。 相似文献
8.
利用10个微卫星标记对新疆13个绵羊群体的遗传多样性和遗传分化进行了分析。通过计算多态信息含量（PIC）、平均杂合度（H）、群体内近交系数（Fis）、遗传分化系数（Fst）、总群体近交系数（Fit）和基因流（Nm）等参数,评估各品种遗传多样性和品种间遗传分化。结果表明：13个绵羊群体10个微卫星标记的平均多态信息含量为0.6803;平均杂合度为0.7192,其中中国美利奴羊平均杂合度最高为0.7530,山区和田羊最低为0.6754;13个绵羊群体总近交系数为0.1066,群体内近交系数为0.0565,群体间基因分化系数为0.0531,说明5.65%的遗传变异来自群体间,94.35%的遗传变异来自群体内个体间的差异;基因流Nm平均值为4.4621（3.0808~7.4589）,说明各种群间存在或者在过去某个时期发生基因交流;各种群间平均遗传距离较低,为0.1702,平均遗传一致度数值较高,为0.8448,也再次证明了新疆13个绵羊群体间分化程度不高。基于Nei′s标准遗传距离运用UPGMA聚类法获得的新疆13个绵羊群体的聚类图与其品种育成史和地理分布基本相一致。 相似文献
9.
(目的)文章宗旨是了解山西省地方山羊品种的遗传多样性,为种质资源保护和利用提供参考依据.(方法)利用5个微卫星标记分析山西省4个地方山羊品种的遗传多样性,基于等位基因组成及频率,运用群体遗传统计软件进行分析.并依据标准遗传距离(DS)和Nei氏遗传距离,分别构建UPGMA系统发生树.(结果)4个地方山羊品种共检测到等位基因(Na)67个,平均有效等位基因数(Ne)为4.94～6.05个,平均多态信息含量(PIC)在0.705 3～0.798 2之间,平均遗传杂合度(H)在0.759 2～0.831 6之间;4个地方山羊品种间遗传分化系数0.046 1,黎城青山羊与阳城白山羊先聚在一起,再与吕梁黑山羊聚在一起,最后与洪洞奶山羊聚在一起形成一类.(结论)结果表明山西省4个地方山羊品种遗传变异大、多样性丰富;品种间遗传分化小.选择5个微卫星座位均为高度多态位点,可作为山西省地方山羊品种遗传多样性评估,也可作为有效遗传标记用于山羊品种遗传多样性和系统发生关系分析.4个地方山羊品种分子系统发生关系与其地理位置、生产特性相一致. 相似文献
10.
为了解中国双峰驼群体的遗传多样性及不同种群间的遗传进化关系,本研究采用微卫星标记技术,对中国阿拉善驼、青海驼、南疆驼、北疆驼、肃北驼、苏尼特驼6个双峰驼群体进行了遗传多样性分析。通过计算杂合度（H）、多态信息含量（PIC）、有效等位基因（Ne）、Shannon信息指数等分析群体内遗传变异,通过计算F-统计量、基因流、遗传分化系数、遗传距离等分析群体间遗传进化关系。结果显示,10个微卫星位点共检测到了89个等位基因,平均每个位点检测到8.9个等位基因;所有位点均属中高度多态位点（YWLL08除外）,平均PIC值在0.488~0.752之间;6个群体观测杂合度值（0.355~0.448）都低于期望杂合度值（0.643~0.703）;几乎所有位点的Shannon指数都>1,且处于哈代-温伯格不平衡状态（P< 0.05）。群体间遗传分化系数Fst值为0.059,处于较低程度的中等分化状态; 6个双峰驼群体的平均Fis值均为正值,说明6个双峰驼群体都存在不同程度的近交。基于标准遗传距离DS和遗传距离DA进行聚类分析,南疆驼和北疆驼聚为一支,阿拉善驼、青海驼、肃北驼、苏尼特驼4个群体聚为一支。研究表明,中国双峰驼遗传多样性丰富,群体内遗传变异较大,存在一定近交现象;群体间存在着一定的基因流动,群体间的分化主要由群体内的遗传变异造成;6个群体分为2个类群。 相似文献
11.
Slocombe JO McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1985,26(10):323-327
In late December 1984, 1853 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1984 and 35% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 97,794 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1417 dogs (1.45% of those tested) were found with heartworm. Another 34 dogs were amicrofilaremic, but were diagnosed as having heartworm disease, to give the total number diagnosed in 1984 as 1451 (1.48%). Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island and Newfoundland but most (1310) of the cases were in Ontario. In Quebec, 126 cases were reported mostly from west of Montreal.
Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 27% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 72% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection.
相似文献12.
13.
Slocombe JO McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1984,25(9):347-350
In late December 1983, 2 800 veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of heartworm disease in Canada in 1983 and 26% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 59 504 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 771 dogs (1.30% of those tested) were found with Dirofilaria immitis. Heartworm disease was diagnosed in all provinces except New Brunswick and Newfoundland but most (733) of the cases were in Ontario.
Heartworm disease was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 31% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 64% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continues to be the focus of the infection and most of the dogs there had not left the province previously.
相似文献14.
Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1982 总被引：8，自引：8，他引：0
Slocombe JO McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1983,24(7):227-229
15.
Owen J Slocombe D McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1986,27(9):324-328
In late December 1985, 1485 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1985 and 44% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 137,300 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1210 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 36 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number diagnosed in 1985 as 1247 (0.91%).
Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island, Newfoundland and Saskatchewan but most (1126) of the cases were in Ontario. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. From Quebec, 91 cases were reported mostly from and around Montreal. From Manitoba, 19 cases were reported from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 28% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 78% had a history of not having left Canada.
相似文献16.
Slocombe JO McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1989,30(6):504-508
In late November 1988, 1581 small and mixed animal clinics and institutional veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1988, and 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 181,577 dogs were blood-tested for heartworm disease and 367 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 60 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1988 as 441 (0.24%). 相似文献
17.
Slocombe JO Villeneuve A 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1993,34(10):630-633
In late November 1991, 1883 clinics in Canada were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in dogs in 1991 and there was a 60.0% response. There were 344,031 dogs tested for heart-worm (HW), 627 were found infected and the prevalence of HW infection was 0.18%. There were 417 dogs with HW in Ontario, 116 in Manitoba, 38 in Quebec, 53 in British Columbia, three in Alberta, and one in Nova Scotia. In British Columbia, all of the infected dogs but one were from the Okanagan valley which, as from 1991, is a new focus of infection in Canada. Most dogs with HW had not been on preventive medication in 1990, and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 0.59%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Companion dogs, over three years of age and maintained primarily outdoors in rural areas, were most frequently infected. One cat was diagnosed with D. immitis and 33 dogs had Dipetalonema reconditium. 相似文献
18.
In late November 1989, 1732 clinics and institutional veterinarians were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis, and 51.7% responded. Of 247,716 dogs tested, 394 had D. immitis microfilariae and 51 were amicrofilaremic for a total of 445 cases and heartworm prevalence of 0.17%. Most (408) of these dogs had no preventive medication and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 1.01%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Thirty-seven dogs with heartworm had preventive medication. Heartworm was most frequent in companion dogs over three years of age maintained outdoors in rural areas. About 75% of the cases had never left Canada, 26% had clinical signs and 125 were not treated.
Heartworm was reported from British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia and Newfoundland, but 383 cases were in Ontario. South-western Ontario was the primary focus of infection. There were 33 cases in Quebec and 24 in Manitoba, mainly found in and around Metropolitan Montreal and Winnipeg respectively.
相似文献19.
Slocombe JO McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1988,29(8):641-646
In late November 1987, 1246 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1987, and 50% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 165,428 dogs were blood tested for heartworm disease and 511 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 78 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1987 as 589 (0.35%). 相似文献
20.
Owen J Slocombe D McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1987,28(8):491-495
In late December 1986, 1224 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1986; 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 150,989 dogs were blood-tested for microfilariae and 869 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 65 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease and one was found with heartworm at necropsy to give the total number diagnosed in 1986 as 935 (0.62%).
Heartworm was reported from Manitoba, New Brunswick, Ontario and Quebec, but most (810) of the cases were from Ontario. South-western Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. There were 103 cases reported from Quebec, mostly from and around Montreal, and 21 cases from Manitoba, from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 33% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 81% had a history of not having left Canada.
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