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Economics.Through sampling investigation and analysis on inhabitant domestic tap water consumption situation,it is given that economic factors are the main factors influence inhatitant's water consumption.The functional relations among inhabitant's income and water consumption,water price and consumption are given. The tap water's income elasticity of demand and price elasticity of demand is analyzed, along with the fluctuating range month by month of inhabitant's water consumption.Finally ,this paper offers the reference data for planning the ability of water supply and making policies of ladder water prices. 相似文献
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水产品消费需求影响因素的计量经济模型分析 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
为探究各影响因素对水产品需求量的影响程度,对影响中国水产品消费需求量的因素进行定性分析。用影响水产品需求量的主要因素,建立双对数模型应,使用Eviews对各影响因素进行定量的分析。模型结果表明：对水产品需求量有明显影响作用的因素包括,城镇居民人均可支配收入、水产品自身的价格,其中城镇居民人均可支配收入水平与水产品需求量呈正相关,水产品自身价格和水产品需求量呈负相关。 相似文献
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According to the industrial character of old industrial basement, such as Chongqing, we select preliminarily the candidated inferior position industries by using DEA analyse model. The synthetical basical coefficient of candidated inferior industries is obtained by analysing their indices such as income elasticity of demand, compared superiority coefficient, compared rate coefficient and technical progress rate, etc. Finally determine inferior industries which was supposed to exit by considing fully society progress and continuable development. A new idea are provided for industral structure adjustment for old industrial basement in China. 相似文献
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The two methods of estimating parameter in computable general equilibrium(CGE) model are introduced and compared:the calibration procedure and econometric estimation. The conclusions are:the estimation of parameter in CGE model must use the calibration procedure coupled with the econometric estimation method;the elasticity of output with respect to labor input,the marginal expenditure share for households and price elasticity of export demand are estimated by econometric estimation method;and other parameters of the CGE model can be get by calibration procedure. 相似文献
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为深刻认识“一带一路”战略下中俄农产品贸易潜力,探究制约中俄农产品贸易增长的主要因素,基于2001—2013年UN Comtrade相关数据,对中俄农产品贸易的相似性、互补性和增长潜力进行实证分析。研究发现,市场需求引致效应是中俄农产品贸易增长的首要因素;出口结构效应制约了中国对俄农产品贸易增长,出口竞争力效应阻碍了俄罗斯对中农产品贸易增长。为此,中国可通过加强对俄信息交流、培育规模化农业经营主体等手段调整中国农产品供给结构,同时,中国应建立价格预警机制和预防机制以应对俄罗斯农产品供给价格和质量变动。 相似文献
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考虑到生鲜电商平台销售过程中价格参考效应对消费者需求的影响,构建了价格参考效应影响下的消费者需求函数,研究由一个生鲜供应商和一个生鲜电商组成的生鲜电商供应链的协调问题。根据模型比较分散式决策与集中式决策下产品的最优定价、生鲜电商供应链成员的收益等,发现合作能够提高双方的利润,因此构建收益共享契约模型。结果表明,存在价格参考效应的情况下,生鲜产品的批发价格、契约参数、参考价格对于需求量的敏感程度对于生鲜电商最优定价、供应链成员收益有着不同程度的影响,同时契约参数的确定取决于生鲜电商、生鲜供应商在供应链的议价能力。 相似文献
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LI Qing- yu 《保鲜与加工》2007,(2):135-137
Stock model of economical order batch is established under the objective of maximum total profit according to the hypotheses of constant demand rate.Based on these facts,the author suggests that the stock model of economical order batch is established under the objective of maximum total profit in system according to the hypotheses of demand rate's relying on selling price.From which one extended a model can be deduced.By using extreme-value theory,the model is proven mathematically and the method of solution is deduced for optimal order batch,optimal selling price and how to define optimal order cycle,and the sensitivity analysis has been made.One applied example is also given. 相似文献
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上海市水产品消费需求的双对数模型分析 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
为了研究上海市水产品消费需求的影响因素以及不同因素贡献度的大小,以上海市1999—2010年城市居民家庭人均水产品消费量、城市化水平、水产品价格指数、替代品价格指数、居民消费价格指数、居民家庭人均可支配收入等相关数据作为研究对象,采用Eviews软件对上海市水产品消费需求进行回归分析。建立了包括城市居民家庭人均可支配收入、居民消费价格指数、总人口数这些影响因素在内的上海市水产品消费需求模型。另外,通过建立关于城市居民家庭人均可支配收入、居民价格指数、总人口数的模型,对这些影响因素进行预测,从而可以对上海市水产品消费进行预测。最终认为,要增加上海市水产品的消费需求,必须从提高家庭人均可支配收入、控制居民消费价格指数、发展水产品深加工业、加强物流体系建设以及加强水产品市场质量管理等方面入手,推动上海水产业持续稳定的发展。 相似文献
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The distribution of the five-day's return on China composite stock index is studied. The empirical distribution of five day's return on SHCSPI(ShangHai composite stock price index) and SZCSPI(ShengZhen composite stock price index) has "fat tail" and no finite variance with sharp peak at mean ,which can not be normally distributed because the largest negative return possible. In addition, the return series are belong to long-turn memory fractional time series. China stock markets are not efficient markets because the chaos phenomenon is strongly shown in the stock market. 相似文献
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为获得香蕉种植收益最大时的定植期,本文尝试利用系统动力学建模方式,对香蕉定植期进行选择。该模型通过模拟海南岛西部采用较多的一年一造种植方式,考虑香蕉价格和果串钟随季节的波动。模型只需输入逐周气温数据既可以输出该轮种植期内的总收益。模型的准确性经过2007-2008年东方地区香蕉发育情况拟合与验证。模拟结果表明在第22-25周（即5月下旬到六月中上旬）定植香蕉可以获取最大经济收益,与其他定植期相比可以增加经济受益40%。该模型的建立为下一步估算气候变化对香蕉种植的经济影响奠定基础。 相似文献
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JOHN R. MIRON 《Growth and change》2004,35(2):220-261
ABSTRACT In conventional modeling of housing demand, consumers choose living arrangement, tenure, and housing on the basis of price, income, wealth, and tastes. However, it is both costly and onerous to alter one's housing conditions. It is argued therefore that consumers employ housing strategies to cope with labor market risks and expectations about their future: strategies that may differ from one demographic group to the next. In conventional modeling of housing demand, it is also well‐known that selection bias can arise: that is, omitted variables that help account for one aspect of housing (say, tenure choice) also subsequently affect the nature of the demand function for other aspects of housing demand (say, the amount spent on housing by a renter household). One such variable is the consumer's wealth, a variable that is typically not available in household survey data. This paper argues that the most important variables that may give rise to selection bias are variables that also reflect the coping strategies employed by consumers. The paper estimates a model of housing choice using Canada‐wide pooled samples from the 1980s and 1990s. In this paper, the prices of housing services and income prospects vary region by region. The paper shows how individuals and families in different housing markets across Canada respond, and how this evidences the use of coping strategies (from doubling up to substandard housing). The paper presents evidence to support the argument that selection bias is important in understanding how consumers cope. 相似文献
12.
收入对中国城镇居民奶类消费的影响分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文在总结现阶段城镇居民奶类消费特点的基础上,研究了收入对城镇居民奶类消费的影响。研究结果表明,收入是影响城镇居民奶类消费的主要因素,随着收入的增加,城镇居民奶类消费逐步增长;同时,奶类消费支出随着人均可支配收入的增加而增加;在动物性食物中,奶类是需求收入弹性最高的食品。 相似文献
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ABSTRACT This paper presents a historical perspective of growth of the Mexican automobile industry, focusing on the changing position of Third-World producers within the global motor vehicle industry. Both the impact of Mexican government policies directed toward increasing international competitiveness and that of adjustments made by transnational corporations to changes in technology and production methods are reviewed. Finally, a demand function that relates the proportion of the industry output that is exported to relative producer prices, Mexican and U.S. income, and government policy variables is estimated. The results of that analysis are consistent with the hypotheses that Mexican automotive sector exports are significantly related to (1) relative Mexico/U.S. producer prices, (2) income in the United States, and (3) changes in Mexican government export promotion policies initiated in 1983. These specific results, coupled with the global changes taking place in the industry, lead to the conclusion that Mexico can be expected to continue on its course toward fuller integration into the world motor vehicle industry as a producer of both finished vehicles and parts. While this would be a probable scenario even in the absence of the North American Free Trade Agreement, the Agreement is likely to accelerate the growth of internationally competitive automotive sector production in Mexico. 相似文献
15.
中国生猪价格波动的经济学解释 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
生猪养殖业在中国具有举足轻重的地位。近年来生猪市场价格波动频繁,对国民经济平稳运行和产业良性发展具有一定影响。对相关文献进行梳理可知,生猪价格波动具有内生性因素和外生性因素,进而文章提出以经济学理论研究生猪价格波动的成因。蛛网模型是解释农产品价格波动的主要工具。以2000年1月至2012年7月的数据为分析对象,发现中国生猪价格波动呈现出整体发散,但局部封闭、收敛的“蛛网紊乱”状态,认为这与中国宏观经济环境的变化,尤其是以利率为代表的货币政策的变化有密切关联。通过仔猪和饲料价格变化分析养殖户的行为,以及根据宏观劳动需求与产量供给分析真实工资与生猪养殖行业之间的关系,是2种探索性的解释,有助于弥补蛛网模型的不足。 相似文献
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基于上海、济南的消费者问卷调查数据,以猪肉产品为例,运用二元Logit模型研究消费者对有原产地信息属性可追溯猪肉的支付意愿及其影响因素。结果显示,消费者对“可追溯食品”或“食品可追溯体系”的认知度偏低,经信息强化后大多数受访者认为相比普通猪肉可追溯猪肉更有助于保障消费者的合法权益、更有助于维护和提升企业声誉。由模型的结果可知家人支持、投标价格、家庭人均月收入、老人情况等4个变量显著影响消费者对可追溯猪肉的支付意愿,并提出应加强宣传力度提升溯源意识,完善原产地档案建立,健全监管机制,建设政府、消费者、生产经营者联合共治的额外成本分担机制等对策建议,希望可以为政府和企业的决策提供客观依据。 相似文献
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Bilevel Programming Model and Solution Algorithm for the Supplier Selection in Automobile Components
Focusing on the characteristics of automobile components industry, such as long-term supplier selection, large number of suppliers, various assessment index, complicated processes, and extremely strict assessment requirements, an improved supplier selection bilevel programming model for automobile components industry is established. With this model, the authors analyzed selected objectives from viewpoints of both suppliers and purchasers, assessed several selectied factors with upper and lower layer objective functions, and produced a optimal supplier selection method to achieve minimum purchasing costs. This model takes several constraints, such as technology, quality, quoted price, supply capacity and services of suppliers, into consideration, which makes the model very practical. A genetic-algorithms-based calculation method is designed, and the model is validated through a case study. Both the model and the method provide valuable support to supplier selection in the automobile components industry. 相似文献
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Differing from the standpoint of classical finance theory, investors is non-rational in security market in China. They have obvious non-rational characteristics, such as overconfidence, herd behavior, disposition effect and policy dependence. Because non-rational investors have intensification effect and risk-dispersed effect, under some market condition, they may lead to stock spillover or discount when their forecast error on stock expected return is less than certain bound, but when their forecast error goes beyond the certain bound, they will impulse undulation of stock price. 相似文献
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为了保障粮食安全和农户种植收益,实现区域种植结构合理布局,本研究基于农产品收购政策研究视角,运用DID模型,对黑龙江省2001—2018年种植结构变化与政策驱动的关系进行实证分析。结果表明,最低收购价格政策、临时收储价格政策、“价补分离”政策对水稻、玉米种植面积和收益有显著正向影响;目标价格政策对大豆种植面积有显著负向影响,临时收储价格政策、“价补分离”政策影响效果不明显,且“价补分离”政策对大豆收益产生显著正向影响,但临时收储价格政策、目标价格政策影响效果较小;农作物滞后一期收益对除玉米“价补分离”政策时期外的农户种植决策产生正向影响。分析种植结构变化与政策驱动关系,对重新审视农业政策、制定和完善未来粮食安全保障措施等有重要意义。 相似文献