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1.
试验旨在研究日粮中添加瘤胃保护性赖氨酸(RPLys)和瘤胃保护性蛋氨酸(RPMet)对水牛乳中乳蛋白含量与尿素氮和尿中尿素氮含量关系的影响。选择15头泌乳前期、生产状态相近、健康的奶水牛,采用5×5拉丁方试验设计,随机分成5组,对照组1、2组基础日粮CP分别为16%、20%,处理1、2分别在16%CP基础日粮中添加40 g/(d.头)RPLys、15g/(d.头)RPMet;处理3在16%CP基础日粮中添加RPLys 30 g/(d.头)和RPMet6 g/(d.头)。结果表明:在所有组(包括对照组和处理组)、未添加及添加瘤胃保护性氨基酸日粮组中,水牛乳尿素氮与尿中尿素氮含量的相关系数分别为0.5925、0.5153、0.6756,而在所有组(包括对照组和处理组)、未添加及添加瘤胃保护性氨基酸日粮组中乳蛋白含量与乳尿素氮含量之间的相关性均未达到显著水平,相关系数分别为0.0016、0.1234、0.0088。若对尿氮排出的绝对量进行预测则其相关系数为0.2521。本研究结果提示,在泌乳水牛日粮中添加瘤胃保护性赖氨酸和蛋氨酸后,乳尿素氮浓度与尿中尿素氮浓度之间仍存在一定的线性关系,可以通过乳尿素氮的含量来预测尿中尿素氮的含量。 相似文献
2.
试验旨在探讨低蛋白质饲粮添加过瘤胃赖氨酸（RPLys）与过瘤胃蛋氨酸（RPMet）对黔北麻羊生长性能、血液生化指标和瘤胃发酵参数的影响。将18只体况良好的黔北麻羊随机分为3组（对照组、处理Ⅰ组、处理Ⅱ组），每个组6个重复，每个重复1只羊。对照组饲喂蛋白质水平为12.49%的基础饲粮；2个处理组饲喂低蛋白质水平饲粮（CP=10.25%），处理Ⅰ组饲粮中添加0.5%RPLys和0.2%RPMet，处理Ⅱ组饲粮中添加1.0%RPLys和0.4%RPMet。结果表明：(1)各组间干物质采食量（DMI）、平均净增重（ANG）、平均日增重（ADG）均无显著差异（P>0.05）。(2) 2个处理组血浆尿素氮（PUN）水平均低于对照组（P<0.05），但2组之间差异不显著（P>0.05）；各组间其余生化指标差异不显著（P>0.05）。(3) 3组山羊瘤胃发酵参数差异不显著（P>0.05）。说明低蛋白质水平饲粮添加RPLys和RPMet不影响山羊的生长性能和瘤胃发酵，有利于提高血液氮利用率；在本试验条件下，以添加0.5%的RPLys和0.2%的RPMet为宜。 相似文献
3.
为研究日粮添加过瘤胃氨基酸对泌乳早期奶牛生产性能、乳成分、血液生化指标和经济效益的影响,选择96 头体况良好、健康的泌乳早期荷斯坦牛,泌乳天数为（65±15）天。采用单因素随机区组试验设计,按照年龄、胎次和产奶量相近的原则,将96 头奶牛随机分为对照组和试验组,每组48 头。对照组为基础日粮,试验组在对照组日粮的基础上添加过瘤胃蛋氨酸（RPMet）和过瘤胃赖氨酸（RPLys）,添加量分别为18 g/头·天和35 g/头·天。结果表明,与对照组相比,添加RPMet和RPLys显著提高产奶量（P=0.034）,对干物质采食量和饲料转化率无显著影响（P>0.050）;添加RPMet和RPLys显著降低乳尿素氮含量（P=0.015）,对乳脂率有增加的趋势（P=0.096）,对乳蛋白率、乳体细胞数、乳糖率和总固形物含量无显著影响（P>0.050）;添加RPMet和RPLys显著提高血清总蛋白（TP）、白蛋白（ALB）和血糖（GLU）含量,显著降低尿素氮（BUN）含量（P=0.049）,对谷丙转氨酶（ALT）、谷草转氨酶（AST）、球蛋白（GLOB）、碱性磷酸酶（ALP）、甘油三酯（TG）和总胆固醇（TC）含量无显著影响（P>0.050）;添加RPMet和RPLys可提高经济效益3.60 元/头·天。综上所述,日粮添加RPMet和RPLys可提高泌乳早期奶牛的产奶量,增加经济效益。 相似文献
4.
添加过瘤胃蛋氨酸、赖氨酸对荷斯坦奶公牛生长性能和胴体化学成分的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文旨在研究在基础饲粮中添加过瘤胃蛋氨酸(RPMet)、过瘤胃赖氨酸(RPLys)对荷斯坦奶公牛生长性能和胴体化学成分的影响,探讨用RPMet和RPLys替代部分饲粮粗蛋白质的可行性。试验采用完全随机设计,选择12月龄左右,体重、体尺相近的健康奶公牛25头,随机分为5组,每组5头。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,4个试验组M15、L30、M15+L30、LCP组分别在基础饲粮中添加RPMet 15 g/d、RPLys 30 g/d、RPMet 15 g/d+RPLys 30 g/d、RPMet 15 g/d+RPLys 30 g/d(同时降低饲粮粗蛋白质2.20%)。预试期10 d,正试期150 d。结果表明,与对照组相比:1)基础饲粮中添加RPMet和RPLys对奶公牛干物质采食量无显著影响(P0.05);L30、M 15+L30、LCP组末重和平均日增重显著增加(P0.05),且均以M 15+L30组最高,但M 15+L30组与LCP组无显著差异(P0.05);M 15+L30和LCP组料重比显著降低(P0.05),以M 15+L30组最低,这2组间差异不显著(P0.05)。2)M 15+L30和LCP组奶公牛胸围和胴体中粗蛋白质含量显著提高(P0.05),这2组间差异不显著(P0.05)。3)M15+L30和LCP组奶公牛胴体中必需氨基酸苏氨酸、亮氨酸、精氨酸的含量显著提高(P0.05),这2组间差异不显著(P0.05),M15+L30组异亮氨酸含量显著提高(P0.05);M15+L30和LCP组奶公牛胴体中非必需氨基酸中天冬氨酸、丝氨酸、谷氨酸、甘氨酸、丙氨酸、半胱氨酸、脯氨酸以及总氨基酸含量显著提高(P0.05),L30和M15+L30组酪氨酸含量显著提高(P0.05),这2组间均无显著差异(P0.05)。由此可见,饲粮中添加RPMet和RPLys在一定程度上提高了奶公牛的生长性能,增加了胴体中蛋白质的合成和氨基酸沉积,且添加RPMet 15 g/d+RPLys30 g/d能够在一定程度上替代部分饲粮粗蛋白质(2.20%)。 相似文献
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《饲料研究》2015,(18)
试验旨在研究饲粮添加不同水平的过瘤胃赖氨酸(RPLys)和过瘤胃蛋氨酸(RPMet)对泌乳水牛产奶性能的影响。选择40头泌乳前期及健康状态良好的奶水牛,按品种、产奶量、产犊时间及胎次相近的原则随机分成5组,每组8头,每组饲粮氨基酸添加量如下:第1组RPMet 14 g/d+RPLys 3.56 g/d;第2组RPMet11.25 g/d+RPLys 34.75 g/d;第3组RPMet 8.5 g/d+RPLys 57.7 g/d;第4组RPMet 5.75 g/d+RPLys72.39 g/d;第5组RPMet 3 g/d+RPLys 78.83 g/d。结果表明:RPLys和RPMet添加水平对泌乳水牛产奶量无显著影响(P0.05),但对泌乳水牛干物质采食量的影响差异显著(P0.05);对泌乳水牛乳蛋白率和乳蛋白量的影响差异显著(P0.05),对泌乳水牛乳脂率、总固形物和乳糖率的影响差异不显著(P0.05)。因此,水牛饲粮添加适宜量的RPLys和RPMet可显著提高乳蛋白产量(P0.05)。 相似文献
6.
选用8只健康成年狍,采用瘤胃穿刺法收集瘤胃液。研究不同季节日粮组成对狍瘤胃pH、挥发性脂肪酸（VFAs）、氨态氮（NH3-N）、茵体蛋白（BCP）、内毒素以及组织胺浓度等瘤胃内环境指标的影响。结果显示：夏季日粮与冬季日粮相比较,瘤胃中NH3-N和BCP浓度显著升高（P〈0．05）;瘤胃pH和乙酸水平显著降低（P〈0．05）;丙酸水平显著提升（P〈0．05）;而内毒素和组织胺浓度无显著变化（P〉0．05）。试验结果表明,冬、夏日粮组成均能够满足狍的营养需要以及稳定狍的瘤胃内环境,但夏季日粮组成对狍瘤胃发酵和营养需要更为适宜。 相似文献
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饲粮中添加过瘤胃蛋氨酸、过瘤胃赖氨酸对荷斯坦奶公牛肉用生产性能和肉品质的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本试验旨在研究在饲粮中添加过瘤胃蛋氨酸(RPMet)、过瘤胃赖氨酸(RPLys)对荷斯坦奶公牛肉用生产性能和肉品质的影响。采用完全随机试验设计,选择25头12月龄左右、体重相近的健康荷斯坦奶公牛,随机分为5组,每组5个重复,每个重复1头。对照组饲喂基础饲粮(牧场实用饲粮);其余4个试验组分别在基础饲粮中添加RPMet 15 g/d(RPM组)、RPLys30 g/d(RPL组)、RPLys 30 g/d+RPM et 15 g/d(RPL+M组)和RPLys 30 g/d+RPM et 15 g/d(同时基础饲粮粗蛋白质水平降低1.71%)[RPL+M(L)组]。预试期10 d,正试期150 d。结果表明:1)RPL+M组和RPL+M(L)组试验牛末重、平均日增重均显著高于对照组(P0.05),料重比显著低于对照组(P0.05),但这2组间差异不显著(P0.05);RPL+M(L)组养殖效益最高,为7.67元/(d·头),且高出RPL+M组0.32元/(d·头)。2)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加RPM et、RPLys对荷斯坦奶公牛净肉率无显著影响(P0.05);RPM组、RPL组、RPL+M组和RPL+M(L)组宰前活重显著增加(P0.05),且以RPL+M组最高,但RPL+M组与RPL+M(L)组无显著差异(P0.05);RPL组屠宰率显著升高(P0.05);各试验组胴体产肉率和肉骨比均显著增加(P0.05),但试验组间差异不显著(P0.05)。3)饲粮中添加RPMet、RPLys对眼肌面积、剪切力、熟肉率、大理石花纹等级、p H和肉色等级均无显著影响(P0.05)。4)饲粮中添加RPMet、RPLys对肌肉脂肪酸组成亦无显著影响(P0.05)。综上所述,在饲粮中添加RPM et、RPLys可保持奶公牛同等的肉品质和肌肉脂肪酸含量,并在一定程度上提高奶公牛肉用生产性能;且添加RPMet和RPLys可替代部分蛋白质饲料,增加养殖效益。 相似文献
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本试验选择9只年龄3．2±0．2岁、体重50．4±2．6kg的装有永久性瘤胃瘘管的成年辽宁绒山羊公羊为试验动物。采用随机区组设计,将动物分为3组,分别饲喂给以玉米秸、大豆秸、花生秸为主的1、2、3号试验日粮,每天8：00和16：00饲喂,全天自由饮水。试验预试期15d,试验期15d,连续7d测排尿量,采集瘤胃液、尿液,研究瘤胃内酸度和氮代谢参数。结果表明：三组的瘤胃液pH、乳酸浓度、总酸度、TVFA和戊酸均差异不显著（P〉0．05）。从试验1组到3组,瘤胃液TVFA浓度、乙酸浓度、丙酸浓度、异丁酸浓度、丁酸浓度、异戊酸浓度均呈增加趋势;其中试验3组的丙酸和异丁酸、异戊酸均显著（P〈O．05）高于1组;并且试验3组的丁酸极显著（P〈0．01）高于1组;其他的差异不显著（P〉0．05）。试验1组瘤胃NH4-N极显著（P〈0．01）低于试验2组和试验3组,而后两组差异不显著（P〉0．05）;试验1组uN浓度显著（P〈0．05）低于试验3组,但与试验2组差异不显著（P〉0．05）;三个试验组瘤胃液BCP浓度和MCP合成量均差异不显著（P〉0．05）,但试验2组与3组BCP浓度和MCP合成量均高于试验1组。相关分析表明,瘤胃MCP（Y,g／d）合成量与瘤胃液TVFA（x,mmol／L）浓度存在显著相关关系：y=2．32x＋2．22,r2=0．61,P〈0．05;瘤胃MCP（y,g／d）合成量与瘤胃液丙酸浓度（X,mm01／L）存在显著相关关系：y=0．23x＋9．68,r2=0．64,P〈0．05;瘤胃液MCP（Y,g／d）与UN（x,mg／L）存在显著的线性关系：y=1．32x＋2．53,r2=0．78,P〈0．05。因此,以花生秸为主的日粮瘤胃液BCP浓度、MCP合成量较高,秸秆粗饲料转化利用效率较好,提高该日粮的能量蛋白水平会进一步增加微生物蛋白的合成和动物对其的利用。 相似文献
9.
试验选用3头装有永久性瘤胃瘘管和十二指肠瘘管的荷斯坦奶牛，试验分4个阶段，每阶段分别饲喂日粮Ⅰ（基础日粮＋保护性蛋氨酸Ⅰ30g/d）、日粮Ⅱ（基础日粮＋保护性蛋氨酸Ⅱ30g/d）、日粮Ⅲ（基础日粮＋保护性蛋氨酸Ⅲ30g/d）和日粮Ⅳ（基础日粮），研究棕榈油脂肪粉包被蛋氨酸对瘤胃液pH和氨态氮（NH3-N）浓度的影响。结果表明，日粮中添加保护性蛋氨酸对瘤胃pH影响不显著；对NH3-N浓度有降低趋势，但添加RPMet-Ⅰ影响不显著，添加RPMet-Ⅱ和RPMet-Ⅲ大部分时间点影响显著。 相似文献
10.
11.
Effects of rumen-protected methionine and lysine on ruminant performance and nutrient metabolism 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Four trials were conducted to determine the effects of supplemental rumen-protected methionine (RPMet) and lysine (RPLys) on lamb N metabolism and steer feedlot performance. In trial 1, 20 Suffolk-sired, crossbred lambs (avg weight 32 kg) were fed diets containing no supplemental methionine (Met) and lysine (Lys), .03% RPMet, .05% RPLys or .03% RPMet + .05% RPLys. Lambs fed .03% RPMet + .05% RPLys had a 33% increase in N retention compared with lambs fed no supplemental Met and Lys. In trial 2, to verify the protection and availability of these amino acids, five Targhee lambs (avg weight 35 kg) were fed corn-soybran flake diets supplemented with urea and were assigned in a 5 X 5 Latin square to one of the following treatments: 1) control; 2) .03% RPMet + .05% RPLys offered in the diet; 3) .03% RPMet + .05% RPLys abomassally infused; 4) .03% non-protected Met + .05% non-protected Lys offered in the diet and 5) .03% Met + .05% Lys abomasally infused. Treatments 2, 3 and 5 decreased (P less than .05) urinary N (g/d) and increased N retention (P less than .05) compared with the control diet (treatment 1). Increases (P less than .05) in plasma Met and Lys concentrations indicated that the amino acids were protected and available for animals at the site of absorption. In trial 3, 40 crossbred Angus steers (avg weight 247 kg) were fed diets composed of 53% corn silage and 47% concentrate and supplemented with soybean meal to 11.3% crude protein. Steers that were fed diets containing .19% RPMet + .11% RPLys had greater daily gain (P less than .05) than those fed diets containing no supplemental amino acids, .11% RPMet + .01% RPLys, and .15% RPMet + .06% RPLys (1.39 vs 1.23, 1.22 and 1.20 kg/d, respectively). Similar improvements in feed conversion resulted and increases in plasma Met concentrations followed the same trend. In trial 4, 40 crossbred Angus steers (avg weight 368 kg) were fed corn grain-corn silage diets supplemented with urea. Treatments were: no supplemental amino acids; .05% RPMet + .01% RPLys; .10% RPMet + .04% RPLys; and .15% RPMet + .07% RPLys. No differences in steer performance resulted due to supplemental RPMet and RPLys (P greater than .05). The results of these trials suggest that the RPMet and RPLys used in this study are protected from ruminal degradation, are available post-ruminally and can improve lamb N balance and growing steer performance. 相似文献
12.
为研究低蛋白补饲过瘤胃赖氨酸（RPLys）对山羊生长性能与血液生化指标的影响,试验将18只山羊随机分为3组,对照组、处理Ⅰ组、处理Ⅱ组,每组6个重复,每个重复1只羊。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,粗蛋白质（CP）水平为12%,不含RPLys|处理Ⅰ组CP为10%,补饲0.5%的RPLys|处理Ⅱ组CP为10%,补饲1%的RPLys。结果显示：（1）各组山羊的生长性能差异不显著（P > 0.05）|2个处理组的CP和粗脂肪（EE）消化率高于对照组（P < 0.05）,且处理Ⅱ组高于处理Ⅰ组（P > 0.05）。（2）各组山羊的血液生化和抗氧化指标差异不显著（P > 0.05）。由此可知,在低蛋白时补饲RPLys可提高山羊饲粮养分消化率,未对血液生化指标和抗氧化能力产生不良影响。综合来看,RPLys的添加水平为1%时效果最好。
[关键词] 过瘤胃赖氨酸|血液生化指标|养分消化率|山羊 相似文献
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Kazumasa WATANABE Alan H. FREDEEN Peter H. ROBINSON William CHALUPA William E. JULIEN Hiroyuki SATO Hiroyuki SUZUKI Kazuo KATOH Yoshiaki OBARA 《Animal Science Journal》2006,77(5):495-502
Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of fat coated rumen bypass lysine (RPLys) and methionine (RPMet) on the lactation performance of dairy cows. In Experiment 1, three lactating cows were supplied with RPLys and fat coated DL‐Met which was highly protected (H‐RPMet) as an indigestible marker, and total fecal emission was collected for 72 h following administration. Measuring the proportional difference in fecal excretion of lysine derived from RPLys relative to methionine derived from H‐RPMet, the intestinal availability of RPLys was estimated to be 66.2%. In Experiment 2, 20 multiparous Holstein cows producing approximately 40 kg/day of milk were assigned to two treatments; fed RPLys (16 g/day as lysine) and RPMet (6.5 g/day as methionine) or none (control) from 5 to 21 weeks postpartum. The consumption of dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber were significantly more in the control cows throughout the experimental period. Their milk protein yield, the contents of their milk protein and milk fat were higher by 0.03 kg (P = 0.03), 0.06% (P < 0.001) and 0.11% (P = 0.07), respectively, in the treatment group compared to the control. These results suggest that the RPLys and RPMet used in this study improved the lactation performance of dairy cows. 相似文献
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Effects of rumen-protected amino acids on ruminant nitrogen balance, plasma amino acid concentrations and performance 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
A series of trials was conducted to determine the effects of supplemental rumen-protected methionine (RPMet) and lysine (RPLys) on nutrient metabolism and performance. In situ RPMet N disappearance was less than 4% following 48 h of incubation and was not affected (P greater than .05) by diet or resultant ruminal pH differences, indicating that RPMet was well protected from ruminal microbial degradation. Thirty-five Dorset-sired crossbred wether lambs (avg wt 28 kg) fed ground corn-soybean hull diets supplemented with urea were randomly assigned to one of the following treatments: 1) 0% RPMet, 2) .03% RPMet, 3) .06% RPMet, 4) .09% RPMet or 5) .12% RPMet. Dry matter, fiber and N digestibilities and N retention were not affected (P greater than .05) by treatment. Plasma methionine concentration tended to increase linearly (P less than .07) with dietary RPMet level. Six Simmental X Angus steers (avg wt 427 kg) were fed a corn grain-corn silage diet supplemented with urea and five levels of RPMet: 1) 0%, 2) .04%, 3) .08%, 4) .12% and 5) .16%. The plasma methionine concentration increased linearly (P less than .01) with dietary RPMet level. In a steer performance trial, no improvements in feedlot performance resulted due to these RPMet levels (P greater than .05), suggesting that the control diet (0% RPMet) was meeting the methionine requirement of these steers. The effects of RPMet and RPLys on growing and finishing steer feedlot performance also were evaluated. Treatments were 1) urea control, 2) soybean meal positive control, 3) .09% RPMet + .06% RPLys, 4) .12% RPMet + .08% RPLys and 5) .15% RPMet + .10% RPLys. In the growing trial, added RPMet and RPLys did not improve steer feedlot performance. In the finishing trial, only steers fed .09% RPMet + .06% RPLys had higher (P less than .05) gains than those fed the urea control diet. These trials indicate that postruminal methionine and lysine supplies were not limiting feedlot steer performance. 相似文献
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本试验旨在研究不同水平低蛋白饲粮补充过瘤胃氨基酸对育肥杜寒杂交肉用母羊增重、血清中蛋白与激素指标、肌肉中氨基酸含量和肉品质的影响,探索育肥肉羊饲粮低蛋白质含量的理论价值和应用效果。选用150只体重相近4月龄育肥杜寒杂交肉用母羊,随机分成5组,每组3个重复,每个重复10只羊。对照组饲喂粗蛋白质水平为16%的饲粮,试验组饲喂氨基酸平衡低蛋白饲粮,分为LP14组(饲粮CP=14%)、LP12组(饲粮CP=12%)、LP10组(饲粮CP=10%)和LP12+NPN组(饲粮CP=12%,添加1%尿素),各试验组饲粮中都添加过瘤胃赖氨酸、蛋氨酸、苏氨酸和精氨酸,使其和对照组饲粮中这4种氨基酸的含量保持一致,试验期90 d。结果表明:(1)不同水平的低蛋白饲粮在补充过瘤胃氨基酸后,对育肥杜寒杂交肉用母羊的试验末重、净增重和饲料转化比均无显著性影响(P>0.05),对照组干物质采食量高于各试验组(P<0.01),LP12+NPN组育肥羊干物质采食量高于其他低蛋白组(P<0.01)。(2)各组间试验羊血清总蛋白(TP)、球蛋白(GLB)、生长激素(GH)、类胰岛素样生长因子I(IGF-I)均无显著性差异(P>0.05),低蛋白组育肥羊血清尿素氮(BUN)显著低于对照组(P<0.01)。(3)各组肉羊背最长肌在肉色、滴水损失、pH0、pH24、熟肉率以及剪切力上均差异不显著(P>0.05)。(4)各组间试验羊的背最长肌中氨基酸的含量差异不显著(P>0.05)。在本试验条件下,降低育肥杜寒杂交肉羊饲粮粗蛋白质水平1~4个百分点并补充过瘤胃赖氨酸、蛋氨酸、苏氨酸、精氨酸和尿素,不会影响其增重情况、血清指标和肉品质,即低蛋白饲粮补充过瘤胃氨基酸可以满足肉羊育肥阶段的营养需要。 相似文献