共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 203 毫秒
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栗瘿蜂（ＤｒｙｏｃｏｓｍｕｓｋｕｒｉｐｈｉｌｕｓＹ．） ,属膜翅目 ,瘿蜂科。主要危害板栗、栎。该虫是近年来随着我国大量引进板栗苗种植 ,逐步加重危害的 ,之前未见该虫在六枝特区危害的报道。２０００年６月中旬调查 ,新建板栗园的龙场乡、平寨镇栗瘿蜂危害较重 ,已成为影响当地板栗生产的主要害虫之一。一、危害特点以幼虫危害板栗新芽 ,被害芽逐渐形成瘤状虫瘿 ,板栗不能抽新梢 ,叶片细小、发黄 ,甚至不能长出叶片 ,导致树势变弱 ,不能开花结实 ,严重的可引起枯死。二、发生规律该虫１年只发生１代 ,以幼虫在被害芽组织内越冬。春季… 相似文献
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栗瘿蜂(DryocosmuskuriphilusYasumatus)是山东省板栗产区的主要害虫。近年在临沂等地为害日趋严重,严重影响板栗产量和品质,造成了很大的经济损失。为了控制该蜂扩大蔓延,摸清其发生规律,探求有效防治途径,1999～2001年作者对该虫进行了观察研究。1发生规律1.1生活史栗树萌芽前于果枝上罩纱网饲养,室内将新瘤和上年枯瘤置于纱罩内保温保湿培养,观察栗瘿蜂世代变化和习性。通过连续3a观察,栗瘿蜂在试验区内1a发生1代,以初龄幼虫在被害寄主新梢栗芽内越冬。翌年4月下旬栗树抽梢时栗瘿蜂开始活动,并在新梢上形成小型瘿瘤,幼虫在其中继续为害… 相似文献
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板栗栗瘤蜂,又叫栗瘿蜂。据田间观察,此虫在黔北地区主要为害板栗、毛栗、榨树等的芽、新梢和叶片。一、为害特点以幼虫为害,被害枝叶形成０６ｃｍ左右的瘿瘤,内壁木栓化,被害枝叶花势较差。由于幼虫为害芽的部位不同,其瘿瘤的大小、形状各异。一般被害短枝顶端的... 相似文献
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栗瘿蜂（DryocosmuskuriphilusYasumatus）又名栗瘤蜂，属膜翅目瘿蜂科，是板栗生产上的主要害虫之一。曾于２０世纪７０年代末８０年代初在北京地区暴发成灾。１９９９～２０００年平谷县又有约３３３３hm２板栗发生栗瘿蜂为害。１９９９年调查，６～１０年生树被害株率达９６％，１０年生以上的树达１００％，６年生以下的树受害较轻。为害严重的栗树几乎绝产，大部分栗树上果枝受害达７０％以上，受害较轻的栗树达３０％左右。并且随着树龄的增长，受害程度也越重。１形态特征成虫体黑色有光泽，长２．０～３．０mm。触角丝状，１４节；… 相似文献
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栗瘿蜂的抽样调查及林间分布研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文比较了三种栗瘿蜂种群抽样调查方法，报出了栗瘿蜂抽样调查最适抽样数。应用Iwao聚集度回归法确定栗瘿蜂在板栗林中的分布为聚集分布，主要分布于板栗树冠中层栗芽中，且技条上部采芽中数量较多。 相似文献
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栗瘿蜂生物学特性观察与防治方法探讨 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
栗瘿蜂在北京地区一年发生一代。无雄蜂,营孤雌生殖。以初龄幼虫在栗芽组织内越冬,翌年5月下旬幼虫老熟在虫瘿里化蛹,6月中、下旬羽化,脱孔出蜂,产卵于栗芽内。卵于7月中旬孵化,初孵幼虫先在栗芽组织表面危害,然后形成小虫室越冬。室内药效测定表明,10%六六六乳剂200倍液、50%杀螟松乳剂1000倍液、50%乐果乳剂1000倍液,对刚脱孔和正在咬孔的成虫触杀效果都很好。田间栗树喷药试验结果表明,成虫羽化95%以上时,喷布10%六六六乳剂或超低量油剂,效果良好。冬季剪枝,保留结果母枝和有用发育枝,防虫效果明显。保护及利用自然天敌长尾小蜂是防治栗瘿蜂值得注意的途径。 相似文献
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孝感地区栗瘿蜂的发生危害规律与综合防治措施刘殊（湖北孝感师范高等专科学校林特系４３２１００）栗瘿蜂,又称栗瘤蜂,属膜翅目,瘿蜂科。此虫是危害栗树的主要害虫之一,近年在湖北孝感地区发生日趋严重。据在孝昌、大悟、广水等县市的调查,１９９５年平均新梢危害率... 相似文献
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斯氏刺瘿螨是四川省苹果上新发现的一种危害苹果叶片的害螨，以雌成螨在苹果芽的芽腋两侧越冬，翌年苹果芽萌动时开始出蛰。全年以５月中旬至６月中旬发生数量最多。气候温暖、低湿、少雨发生重，相反则轻。在调查的８个品种中，叶片多茸毛的品种受害重。天敌主要为捕食螨 相似文献
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L. K. Rieske 《EPPO Bulletin》2007,37(1):172-174
Dryocosmus kuriphilus , a cynipid gall wasp of Asian origin, was accidentally introduced into North America in 1974. The gall wasp attacks chestnut and causes rounded galls that reduce shoot elongation and fruit production, and cause twig dieback. Its geographic range in the eastern USA has expanded northward since its introduction, and now encompasses nearly 1.5 million square kilometres. Movement of infested plant material has allowed the establishment of separate satellite populations well removed from contiguous populations. The cryptic nature of the insect, lying within dormant buds for much of the year, makes the effectiveness of plant inspections questionable. An introduced parasite, Torymus sinensis , has successfully moved with expanding D. kuriphilus populations, and several native parasitoids are exploiting this exotic gallmaker. 相似文献
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2003年6月至2004年5月在对油茶园害虫茶袋蛾及其天敌种群数量系统调查基础上,运用生态位理论和灰色关联度及模糊贴近度方法,系统研究了茶袋蛾与其天敌间相互关系。结果表明:与茶袋蛾空间生态位重叠值>0.8758的天敌有跳蛛、圆蛛和蟹蛛;时间生态位重叠值>0.4748的天敌有蟹蛛、圆蛛和肖蛸。天敌与茶袋蛾灰色关联度较高的种类依次为圆蛛、姬蜂、小蜂、寄蝇和微蛛;与理想天敌关联度较高的天敌种类为微蛛、肖蛸、跳蛛、姬蜂和小蜂;天敌同茶袋蛾和理想优势种关联度总积分较高的依次为微蛛=姬蜂>圆蛛=肖蛸=小蜂。茶袋蛾与其天敌模糊贴近度最大的是圆蛛,其次为肖蛸。这些结果表明圆蛛对茶袋蛾追随效应显著,为优势种天敌,其次为肖蛸。 相似文献
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During the winter of 1980/81 apple shoots from the preceding season's growth were collected from 19 orchards in Kent and East Sussex. Five buds from each of 10 shoots per orchard were dissected under a stereoscopic microscope at × 30 magnification and apple rust mites ( Aculus rchlechtendali ) were counted. These dissected buds were then used to test a more rapid method of extraction and counting. The buds were added to methanol and mixed with a vibrating machine, mites were then collected in sieves and counted. Counts of mites by this method were similar to those of the first method when there were fewer than 100 mites on 50 buds, but there was greater variation when mites were more numerous.
An even more rapid method using five other buds from the same 10 shoots was also tested; the buds were bisected, then vibrated in methanol, and the mites were collected in sieves and counted. Results were comparable with those obtained by the dissection/methanol method and can be used with similar confidence in advisory work on apple rust mite. 相似文献
An even more rapid method using five other buds from the same 10 shoots was also tested; the buds were bisected, then vibrated in methanol, and the mites were collected in sieves and counted. Results were comparable with those obtained by the dissection/methanol method and can be used with similar confidence in advisory work on apple rust mite. 相似文献
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Torymus sinensis Kamijo is to date the most effective controlling agent of the chestnut gallwasp Dryocosmus kuriphilus. The procedure to evaluate the parasitism rate of T. sinensis consists of dissecting D. kuriphilus galls collected in the field and checking them for its presence. Such a procedure is, however, time-consuming. Using a space-for-time substitution approach, by creating a temporal gradient within 15 sites and by means of bootstrap simulations, we analysed the effect of different sampling efforts on the precision of evaluating the success of T. sinensis release and the evolution of its parasitism rate towards biocontrol. Results show that after the first release, 200 galls are required to assess its presence with a 1% failure rate. Once T. sinensis is established, 100 galls are generally sufficient to estimate its parasitism rate by accepting a (median) percentage of error of 14% in the second year and 6% and 3% in the third and fourth year, respectively. Finally, we propose a series of design options to reduce the sampling effort according to the targeted accuracy level and as a function of the obtained parasitism rate. 相似文献
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Native and introduced parasitoids in the biocontrol of Dryocosmus kuriphilus in Veneto (Italy) 
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下载免费PDF全文 The invasive gallmaker Dryocosmus kuriphilus is a threat to chestnut stands and it is necessary to control it in order to maintain a satisfactory nut yield. A preliminary evaluation of the native natural enemies emerging from the galls, mainly parasitoids associated with native cynipid gallmakers, revealed that they were not able to contain the pest. Consequently, a classical biological control programme using Torymus sinensis started in 2010, with almost 500 releases being made in 6 years. The parasitoid achieved a satisfactory level of control of the pest over a period of time shorter than expected based on literature related to other countries. The success in the study area might be explained by specific traits intrinsic to T. sinensis, such as its high spread capability via stratified dispersal (i.e. a combination of short‐ and long‐distance flights), together with a large availability of host galls and limited competition with other parasitoids. 相似文献