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英国咨询公司Agranova和Cropnosis对农药生产商层面的数据统计,2011年大部分地区的农药销售都保持了2位数的增长,全球农药销售额达469.8亿美元,增长14%。其中,拉美地区增长18%,亚洲增长17%,欧洲增长15%, 相似文献
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欧洲作物保护协会（ECPA）称,西班牙加大对非法农药销售的打击力度．最近2个月,逮捕了12名农药零售商。两班牙国家环境保护法律机构Seprona,和安大路西亚的地方管理部门．2个月内调查了近100个农药零售店和仓库。发现了5吨和2200升非法农药, 相似文献
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第三次全国农药管理工作会议主要是交流1989年《国务院办公厅关于加强农药管理、严厉打击制造、销售假劣农药活动的通知》发布后,各地区加强农药管理工作的情况、经验和存在的问题。包括农药生产、销售、使用情况,农药登记监督管理和资料初审工作,农药质量检测、查处假劣农药、农药广告管理、制定管理规定及执行情况等内容。部分单位还汇报 相似文献
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由于欧洲和拉美的出口增长与新产品上市，3季度MAI销售增长28．4％，达2．79亿美元。非农药销售占13％。公司预计到今年底公司的销售首次突破10亿美元。 相似文献
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住友化学园艺上的杀虫剂，Pleo（啶虫丙醚，pyridalyl）2004年在日本上市，该产品极大增加了住友公司从该产品上市到2005年上半年农药的销售额。该公司称在美国和欧洲的农药销售也有增长。在家用卫生杀虫剂部分，由于新产品如Sumi One的上市，其销售也得到了增长。 相似文献
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本文介绍了欧盟、美国和日本评估加工农产品中农药残留的数据要求和试验准则,以及开展膳食摄入风险评估和推荐农药最大残留限量(MRL)的方法,汇总了用于农药残留评估的加工农产品及其分类,分析了加工农产品中农药MRL制定现状,为进一步提高我国相关领域技术提供借鉴。比较分析结果表明,欧盟和美国在农药登记资料要求中明确提出了加工试验数据要求并且制定了相应的试验准则,美国在试验准则中描述了加工农产品中农药MRL的推荐原则;美国和日本制定了一定数量的加工农产品中农药MRL,欧盟建立了适用于监管农药MRL的加工因子数据库;欧盟、美国和日本均在相关法规中规定了加工农产品中农药残留的合规性判定。 相似文献
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国外食品中农药残留监测概况 总被引：17，自引：0，他引：17
本文简要介绍了近年世界卫生组织和联合国粮农组织在保证食品安全中对农药残留的管理情况、各国农药多残留分析方法进展 ,以及欧美和日本等国对食品中农药残留监测的概况 ,并对我国开展农药残留监测和加强管理提出建议 相似文献
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BACKGROUND: For the registration of pesticides in the European Union, model simulations for worst‐case scenarios are used to demonstrate that leaching concentrations to groundwater do not exceed a critical threshold. A worst‐case scenario is a combination of soil and climate properties for which predicted leaching concentrations are higher than a certain percentile of the spatial concentration distribution within a region. The derivation of scenarios is complicated by uncertainty about soil and pesticide fate parameters. As the ranking of climate and soil property combinations according to predicted leaching concentrations is different for different pesticides, the worst‐case scenario for one pesticide may misrepresent the worst case for another pesticide, which leads to ‘scenario uncertainty’. RESULTS: Pesticide fate parameter uncertainty led to higher concentrations in the higher percentiles of spatial concentration distributions, especially for distributions in smaller and more homogeneous regions. The effect of pesticide fate parameter uncertainty on the spatial concentration distribution was small when compared with the uncertainty of local concentration predictions and with the scenario uncertainty. CONCLUSION: Uncertainty in pesticide fate parameters and scenario uncertainty can be accounted for using higher percentiles of spatial concentration distributions and considering a range of pesticides for the scenario selection. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
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Maura Calliera Alex Marchis Silke Bollmohr Gabriele Sacchettini Lucrezia Lamastra Ettore Capri 《Pest management science》2013,69(4):451-456
In October 2009, the Council of the European Union adopted the Directive on Sustainable Use of Pesticides (EU 128/2009/EC). This directive establishes a framework to achieve the sustainable use of pesticides by reducing the risk and impacts of pesticide use on both human health and the environment, and promoting the use of integrated pest management and of alternative approaches or techniques. These risks thus need to be assessed using appropriate risk indicators. The OPERA Research Centre organised an expert working group and has had several consultations with stakeholders in order to identify a common way of thinking in evaluating and identifying the factors that should be considered in selecting each indicator. Harmonised criteria have been suggested to allow the selection of the most appropriate indicators, focusing on the use phase of pesticide, as requested by the sustainable use directive. The proposed methodology has led to a sharing of perspectives and knowledge between the experts involved, and some principles have been identified to help national regulatory institutions to estimate general trends in pesticide risk reduction . 相似文献
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Pesticides in Great Britain are subject to legislation that requires them to be approved by Ministers. Specific data for non-pesticidal co-formulants are not generally required but are encompassed within the requirements for the formulated pesticide in which they are present. Adjuvants, substances without significant pesticidal properties which enhance the effectiveness of a pesticide when added to that pesticide, can be used with pesticides only in accordance with the approval of that pesticide or as varied by lists of authorised adjuvants published by Ministers. Data must be supplied for adjuvants to appear on this list. National legislation on pesticides is soon to be amended to take account of a European Community Directive which seeks to harmonise registration requirements throughout the Community. It is as yet unclear how this will affect registration of co-formulants and adjuvants. 相似文献
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Pesticide exposure assessment for surface waters in the EU. Part 1: Some comments on the current procedure 
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下载免费PDF全文 Martin Bach Mirjam Diesner Dietlinde Großmann Djamal Guerniche Udo Hommen Michael Klein Roland Kubiak Alexandra Müller Jan Priegnitz Kai Thomas Matthias Trapp 《Pest management science》2016,72(7):1279-1284
In 2001, the European Commission introduced a risk assessment project known as FOCUS (FOrum for the Coordination of pesticide fate models and their USe) for the surface water risk assessment of active substances in the European Union. Even for the national authorisation of plant protection products (PPPs), the vast majority of EU member states still refer to the four runoff and six drainage scenarios selected by the FOCUS Surface Water Workgroup. However, our study, as well as the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), has stated the need for various improvements. Current developments in pesticide exposure assessment mainly relate to two processes. Firstly, predicted environmental concentrations (PECs) of pesticides are calculated by introducing model input variables such as weather conditions, soil properties and substance fate parameters that have a probabilistic nature. Secondly, spatially distributed PECs for soil–climate scenarios are derived on the basis of an analysis of geodata. Such approaches facilitate the calculation of a spatiotemporal cumulative distribution function (CDF) of PECs for a given area of interest and are subsequently used to determine an exposure concentration endpoint as a given percentile of the CDF. For national PPP authorisation, we propose that, in the future, exposure endpoints should be determined from the overall known statistical PEC population for an area of interest, and derived for soil and climate conditions specific to the particular member state. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
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Stephen Jess Steven Kildea Aidan Moody Gordon Rennick Archie K Murchie Louise R Cooke 《Pest management science》2014,70(11):1646-1654
European Community (EC) legislation has limited the availability of pesticide active substances used in effective plant protection products. The Pesticide Authorisation Directive 91/414/EEC introduced the principle of risk assessment for approval of pesticide active substances. This principle was modified by the introduction of Regulation (EC) 1107/2009, which applies hazard, the intrinsic toxicity of the active substance, rather than risk, the potential for hazard to occur, as the approval criterion. Potential impacts of EC pesticide legislation on agriculture in Ireland are summarised. While these will significantly impact on pesticide availability in the medium to long term, regulations associated with water quality (Water Framework Directive 2000/60/EC and Drinking Water Directive 1998/83/EC) have the potential to restrict pesticide use more immediately, as concerns regarding public health and economic costs associated with removing pesticides from water increase. This rationale will further reduce the availability of effective pesticide active substances, directly affecting crop protection and increasing pesticide resistance within pest and disease populations. In addition, water quality requirements may also impact on important active substances used in plant protection in Ireland. The future challenge for agriculture in Ireland is to sustain production and profitability using reduced pesticide inputs within a framework of integrated pest management. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
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最新欧盟茶叶中农药最高残留限量 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
中国茶叶杂志报道了我国对欧出口茶叶中农药残留严重超标状况,本文结合欧盟新修订的茶叶中农药最高残留限量（MRL）,特别从2000年7月1日起对菊酯类和其它一些农药执行新的限量规定,如对氰戊菊酯现规定的MRL为0．1mg/kg比原先规定的10mg/kg下调了100倍等情况提出几项建议。 相似文献
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Calliera M Finizio A Azimonti G Benfenati E Trevisan M 《Pest management science》2006,62(12):1168-1176
To provide a harmonised European approach for pesticide risk indicators, the Sixth EU Framework Programme recently financed the HAIR (HArmonised environmental Indicators for pesticide Risk) project. This paper illustrates the methodology underlying a new indicator-HAPERITIF (HArmonised PEsticide RIsk Trend Indicator for Food), developed in HAIR, for tracking acute and chronic pesticide risk trends for consumers. The acute indicator, HAPERITIF(ac), is based on the ratio between an estimated short-term intake (ESTI), calculated as recommended by the World Health Organisation (WHO), and the acute reference dose (ARfD); the chronic indicator HAPERITIF(chr) is based on the ratio between an estimated daily intake (EDI) and the admissible daily intake (ADI). HAPERITIF can be applied at different levels of aggregation. Each level gives information for proper risk management of pesticides to reduce the risk associated with food consumption. An example of application using realistic scenarios of pesticide treatments on a potato crop in central-northern Italy is reported to illustrate the different steps of HAPERITIF. 相似文献
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A review of pesticide policies and regulations for urban amenity areas in seven European countries 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
P KRISTOFFERSEN A M RASK A C GRUNDY† I FRANZEN‡ C KEMPENAAR§ J RAISIO¶ H SCHROEDER J SPIJKER†† A VERSCHWELE‡‡ & L ZARINA§§ 《Weed Research》2008,48(3):201-214
An analysis of the regulations of herbicide use for weed control in non-agricultural/urban amenity areas, including actual pesticide use, was carried out as a joint survey of seven European countries: Denmark, Finland, Germany, Latvia, the Netherlands, Sweden and United Kingdom. Herbicides constitute the major part of the pesticides used in urban amenity areas. Herbicide use on hard surfaces is the largest in terms of volume and potential contamination of surface and groundwater. The aim of the study was to investigate the differences in political interest and public debate on the 'use of pesticides in public urban amenity areas', regulations within each country at national, regional and local levels, possible use of alternative weed control methods and the amounts of pesticides used on urban amenity areas. A comparative analysis revealed major differences in political interest, regulations and availability of statistics on pesticide use. Denmark, Sweden, the Netherlands and Germany have, or have had, a strong public and political interest for reducing the use of herbicides to control weeds in urban amenity areas and also have very strict regulations. The UK is currently undergoing a period of increasing awareness and strengthening regulation, while Latvia and Finland do not have specific regulations for weed control in urban amenity areas or on hard surfaces. Statistics on pesticide/herbicide use on urban amenity areas were only available in Denmark and the Netherlands. Developing this kind of information base reveals the differences in herbicide use, regulations and policies in European countries and may enhance the transfer of knowledge on sustainable weed control across countries. 相似文献