共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 484 毫秒
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《中国草食动物科学》2015,(3)
试验旨在研究马人工授精中子宫角细管输精效果和浓缩精液常温保存及运输方式,验证了传统胶管输精单次追精的结果。结果表明:子宫角细管输精所得受胎率81.08%,与胶管输精所得情期受胎率差异显著(0.01P0.05);15 m L离心管常温保存3 h获得的情期受胎率较高(P0.01);群牧马单次追精情期受胎率53.62%,较多次输精效果差(P0.01)。 相似文献
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近年来 ,凌海市冷配黄牛的准胎率提高将近 1 0个百分点 ,除了输精员的技术水平有所提高外 ,我们认为主要是应用细管冻精逐步替代颗粒冻精的结果。下面就本市某冷配点 1 997年以来的工作记录 ,对应用细管冻精与颗粒冻精冷配黄牛的准胎率做以比较。1 方法均采用直肠握颈输精法 ,直肠触摸卵泡鉴定发情状况 ,在卵泡发育成熟期波动感强时一次输精。输精员有多年工作经验 ,技术熟练。精液均采用辽宁省肉牛繁育中心制作的夏洛莱公牛冻精 ,颗粒剂量为 0 2毫升 ,细管剂量为 0 5毫升。细管冻精取出后直接放入 40℃～ 42℃温水中 ,1 0～ 2 0秒快速解… 相似文献
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薛晓蓉 《青海畜牧兽医杂志》2001,31(4):37-37
牛塑料细管冷冻精液是２０世纪８０年代发展起来的新技术，青海省种畜冷冻精液站于１９９９年引入并投入生产。它是将新鲜精液经科学方法处理，灌入塑料细管内两端全封闭，再经过冷冻和质量检查，将合格的冻精装入液氮罐内长期保存。其优点是：清洁卫生、减少二次污染；便于标记和封装；解冻方便，精子活力好，受胎率高；在同样的条件下保存，细管冻精的存活时间要比颗粒冻精提高１～２倍。现将细管冻精的器材和人工输精方法简述如下。１ 输精枪和细管的结构１．１ 输精枪的构造 输精枪分卡苏输精枪和简易输精枪两种。卡苏输精枪由… 相似文献
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《畜牧与饲料科学》2017,(6)
影响马匹繁殖率的因素主要有饲养管理水平、公马的精液品质、输精方式、母马卵泡发育情况、母马年龄、气候变化等。针对以上因素提出了以下提升马繁殖率的实用技术:加强公马的饲养管理,提供优质日粮,保持公马的种用体况,以提高精液品质;配种前加强母马的饲养管理,配种季节增喂蛋白饲料和青绿多汁饲料,使之保持中等膘情;对妊娠母马进行合理补饲,满足母马怀孕期间的营养需要,并配合以冷季塑膜暖棚保暖及程序化疫病防治,以减少流产的发生;规范采精操作,科学保存马冷冻精液;输送精子数量达到1×10~6时,采用直肠把握深角授精技术可降低繁殖成本,提高繁殖效率;通过观察法和直肠触检法确定排卵时间,适时配种可有效提高马匹繁殖率。 相似文献
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<正> 采用冷冻精液配马,掌握准确的输精时间是提高受胎率的关键,究竟什么时间输精最适宜呢?笔者从1982年以来,在实践工作中进行了观察,现报告如下。一、材料和方法精液:马冷冻精液平均活力0.33,驴冷冻精液平均活力0.42,输精时两者混合使用。发情鉴定:徒手直肠检查,滤泡液开始流失定为排卵。输精:用输精胶管子宫角基部定向。发情鉴定间隔时间:4小时。 相似文献
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几年业,我们采用不同的输精部位对1807头母牛进行受胎效果的观察,结果证明,深部输精的受胎率低于浅部输精的受胎率。现将试验情况介绍如下: (一) 试验方法 1.子宫角深部输精法:按常规直肠把握输精法将精液输到有成熟卵泡侧的子宫角内(子宫角上1/3处)。输精时将子宫角端平,以防损伤子宫角内膜。 2.子宫分叉部输精法:同样用直肠把握法将精液输到有卵泡成熟侧子宫分叉部位。 相似文献
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影响母牛受胎率的因素除发情鉴定、输精时机及精液质量外,输精部位亦对其有一定影响。1982年5月,我们试用子官角输精法,同时结合触摸卵巢,以便准确掌握滤泡发育的位置,最好能同时确定发育时期以便实施滤泡侧子宫角一次输精;如不能确定发育时期,则采用常规的第二次输精(间隔8～12小时)。输精深度:处女牛子宫角内2cm,1—2产牛2—4cm,3—4产牛4—5cm,5～7产牛则为5—7cm(从子宫角基部算起)。结果,采用该方法输精受 相似文献
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John J. Dascanio VMD Diplomate ACT ABVP Ramanathan Kasimanickam BVSc DVSc Diplomate ACT Stephanie Milburn BS Andrea Canerossi BS Rebecca Splan PhD 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2006,26(7):305-309
The objective of this study was to examine the effect of different insemination techniques and extenders on the volume of liquid dispensed from insemination equipment. The method of insemination has a significant effect on the volume of semen deposited into the mare's uterus when low volumes are used. Insemination pipettes that allow for direct deposit of straw contents into the uterus are preferred. Aspiration of semen into a pipette is preferred over aspiration into a syringe with deposition through a pipette when direct deposit is not possible. Use of a pipette with a smaller lumen and less length of contact with liquid provides better results. Contact of semen with equipment may allow for residual liquid accumulation on the luminal surfaces and a decrease in overall semen dose. Extenders with differing amounts of egg yolk did not influence volume of liquid dispensed. 相似文献
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Important early studies on mammalian artificial insemination (AI) were carried out in equids, and at the end of the 19th century, the first AI programs were set up in horses. At that time, the most systematic research on equine AI was performed in Russia. After World War I, AI research shifted to cattle and sheep. This time saw major advances such as the development of artificial vaginas and phantoms for semen collection. Semen dilution counteracted the detrimental effect of seminal plasma, allowed semen storage, and increased the volume of an ejaculate for insemination of more mares. In the late 1930s, techniques for cooled semen AI as used today were in principle available. After World War II, the number of mares inseminated decreased, but with a new role of the horse as a partner in equestrian sports, new interest in equine AI was raised. In contrast to the situation in cattle, frozen semen has not replaced cooled semen AI in the horse. Recent advances in insemination of horses are the sexing of sperm, low-dose deep intrauterine insemination, and intracytoplasmic sperm injection. 相似文献
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The increasing use of frozen semen, the high cost of a dose of semen from some stallions, and the inability of some stallions to cope with their demand has triggered an incentive to reduce the number of spermatozoa from the traditional 500 PMS to significantly lower numbers per insemination. Two techniques have been described to deposit low sperm numbers in the uterus. Although experimental results have been reported for the rectally guided deep horn insemination (RGDHI) and endoscopic deep horn insemination (EDHI) techniques, little information is available in clinical settings with respect to the results of either method. This article reports on a comparison of the rectally guided insemination and hysteroscopic techniques in a clinical setting over three breeding seasons. Semen frozen in 0.5-mL straws and concentrations of 40 to 200 million per straw was available from 88 stallions whose fertility with frozen semen ranged between 0% and 100%. Of the 2544 inseminations performed 1279 were done by RGDHI, which resulted in a 43% seasonal pregnancy rate compared with 45% for the 1265 inseminations using the EDHI technique. There was an overall, but nonsignificant, advantage for the EDHI technique over the RGDHI and semen usage was slightly lower when using the EDHI procedure. There was no difference in fertility among breeding seasons for either technique. However, fertility of some stallions was increased by increasing the sperm numbers in the inseminates. From these data and results from others, it is evident that lower sperm numbers deposited by rectally guiding a flexible pipette to the tip of the horn or by using an endoscope to deliver the semen will result in acceptable pregnancy rates with frozen semen in commercial settings. 相似文献
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JLJ Govaere MK Hoogewijs C De Schauwer S De Vliegher A Van Soom L Duchateau A de Kruif 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2014,49(3):487-491
Deep intra‐uterine insemination is commonly accepted as a routine procedure for artificial insemination in horses. The motives and principles of deep insemination are well described, but the equipment used may differ. In this trial, the efficiency of two different insemination pipettes for deep intra‐uterine insemination in the mare was compared with insemination into the uterine body using commercially available frozen–thawed semen of two stallions of proven fertility. These inseminations were performed using two different doses. The semi‐flexible Minitube pipette was compared with a newly designed insemination device with a more flexible telescopic insemination catheter (Ghent device). The semi‐flexible Minitube pipette performed better than the newly designed insemination device with respect to pregnancy outcome (p = 0.008). The superiority of deep horn insemination over uterine body insemination was reflected by the better pregnancy rates obtained after deep insemination using the same low doses (30.6% better pregnancy rates) (p = 0.0123). 相似文献
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Liang Deng Hongyun Duan Xiang Zhang Shenming Zeng Changxin Wu Guocai Han 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2014
China was one of the first countries to use artificial insemination (AI) in equids, and it achieved international recognition for its widespread application of AI to commercial horse breeding. This article reviews the history of equine AI in China. The technique originated from the high demand for horses to be used in agriculture, transportation, and the military. Artificial insemination was identified as an ideal tool for Chinese horse breeding to improve the productivity of native horses, especially during 1950-1970. Presently, AI is still practiced commonly in China, and it includes the use of fresh semen and transported cooled semen. The use of frozen semen has also been resumed to broaden the range of elite Sporthorse stallions and to preserve threatened or endangered native breeds. Accurate prediction of the optimum time for insemination depended mainly on transrectal palpation of the mare's ovaries. In addition to controlled methods of insemination, factors like volume and number of spermatozoa in the inseminate and timing and frequency of insemination were optimized to accomplish high fertility rates in the field. Production of hinnies and mules for agricultural labor and donkeys for meat and hide gelatin stimulated a nationwide upsurge of research into the reproductive physiology of and AI technology in donkeys. In the future, there will be further increases in the use of traditional and modern AI techniques in the breeding of Chinese equids. 相似文献
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[目的]为加快天祝白牦牛保种选育的进程,提高天祝白牦牛优秀种牛的利用率,[方法]利用天祝白牦牛细管冻精制作成功的前提下,开展天祝白牦牛人工授精试验.[结果]授配285头,受胎193头,受胎率为67.7%,产犊成活183头,死亡10头,成活率94.8%,[结论] 说明野外人工冻精授配技术应用于天祝白牦牛保种选育工作是可行性的. 相似文献
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The liberalization of European animal breeding legislation and an increasing diversity of equestrian sports have led to a constant rise in the number of horse breeds and breed registries. In addition to the trend towards more and smaller breed registries, there is another trend towards an international expansion of the bigger established sport horse breeds. Regional breeds, at least in smaller countries, may no longer be able to run an independent breeding programme. The typical horse breeder, in the future, will be a female and qualified in equestrian sports. Artificial insemination (AI) mainly with fresh or cooled-transported semen has become a major breeding tool, allowing breeders all over Europe to benefit from the best stallions of most breeds. New AI techniques such as low-dose insemination may remain restricted to individual stallions and also the interest of breeding programmes in sex determination of foals via semen sorting is limited. Embryo transfer and associated techniques, although allowed by most breeds, have not contributed significantly to genetic progress in European sport horses so far. A potential use of cloning may be to produce gonad-intact copies from geldings that have performed to a superior level. With a more open and international structure of horse breeding and increased use of AI, equine reproduction and biotechnology should be emphasized by veterinary curricula and continuing professional education programmes. 相似文献
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Classical swine fever (CSF) virus was introduced into an artificial insemination centre during the CSF epizootic of 1997-1998 in the Netherlands. The risk of further spread of CSF virus via contaminated semen was recognised, but could not be assessed because scientific data on this issue were not available. An animal experiment was performed to determine whether CSF virus could be transmitted via artificial insemination with contaminated semen. Three boars were inoculated with a CSF virus field isolate and from Day 5 till Day 18 thereafter, ejaculates were collected and prepared for insemination. Ruttish sows were inseminated with the extended semen from Day 5 till Day 18 after inoculation of the boars. All the inoculated boars remained healthy throughout the experiment and developed CSF neutralising antibodies between 14 and 21 days after inoculation. Virus was isolated from several semen samples collected from 5 till 11 days after inoculation. Two out of six sows inseminated with CSF contaminated semen seroconverted after insemination. All the other sows remained seronegative. In the foetuses of both the seropositive sows, CSF virus was detected at approximately 35 days post insemination. These results demonstrate that adult boars infected with CSF virus can excrete virus with semen and can, subsequently, transmit the virus to sows and their foetuses via artificial insemination. 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Historically, artificial insemination (AI) using frozen semen has been perceived to have poorer success rates and be more labour intensive than using chilled semen. A retrospective study was therefore conducted to compare the conception rate achieved by AI between chilled and frozen semen, using fixed time insemination protocols over 2 breeding seasons. HYPOTHESIS: Artificial insemination using chilled semen produces a higher conception rate than that achieved with frozen semen. METHOD: Mares (n = 251) were inseminated with either chilled (n = 112) or frozen (n = 139) semen in the 2006 and 2007 northern hemisphere breeding season. Per rectum ultrasonography of the mare's reproductive tract determined the timing of insemination, and deslorelin acetate was used to induce ovulation. Chilled semen insemination was performed using a single preovulatory dose delivered into the uterine body. Frozen semen was administered as 2 doses (pre- and post ovulation) using a deep uterine insemination technique. Pregnancy was detected ultrasonographically at 15 days post insemination. Conception rates were compared using a Chi-squared test. RESULTS: Insemination with frozen semen produced a significantly (P = 0.022) higher seasonal conception rate (82.0%) than that achieved with chilled semen (69.6%). CONCLUSIONS AND POTENTIAL RELEVANCE: Insemination with frozen semen can achieve conception rates equal to those with chilled semen, enabling the mare owner a greater selection of stallions. 相似文献