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试验旨在研究乳腺康注射液体内外药效。体外药效采用牛津杯法对其进行体外抑菌活性研究;体内药效采用热板法及醋酸致小鼠扭体的镇痛模型、二甲苯及鸡蛋清致炎模型、2,4-二硝基酚及干酵母致大鼠发热6种经典药理模型,对乳腺康注射液进行镇痛、抗炎、解热的药效研究。结果显示,乳腺康注射液对大肠杆菌及金黄色葡萄球菌有较显著的体外抑制作用,中、高剂量能极显著提高小鼠痛阈值,极显著减少醋酸所致扭体次数（P<0.01）,中剂量组能显著降低二甲苯致小鼠耳肿胀度及鸡蛋清致小鼠足跖肿胀度（P<0.05）,中、高剂量组对2,4-二硝基酚引起的发热在1.5~2.0及3.0~3.5 h有显著的解热作用（P<0.05）,对干酵母所引起的大鼠发热在1.0~3.5 h有显著的解热作用（P<0.05）。结果表明,乳腺康注射液能明显抑制大肠杆菌及金黄色葡萄球菌的活性,且具有显著的镇痛抗炎解热作用。 相似文献
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对板连败毒口服液(BBO)的解热作用及其可能的作用机制进行探索。48只清洁级新西兰大白兔随机分成6组(8只/组),分别为阴性对照组、阳性对照组、阳性药物组(布洛芬)、BBO低剂量组、BBO中剂量组、BBO高剂量组。阴性对照组家兔耳缘静脉注射生理盐水4mL/kg;其余各组家兔耳缘静脉注射330mL/L脱脂牛奶溶液4mL/kg建立发热模型。造模1h后,低、中、高剂量组分别灌胃给予BBO(0.6、1.2、2.5g/kg),连续3次,每次间隔1h;阳性药物组灌胃给予布洛芬水溶液(0.03g/kg)连续3次,阳性对照组与阴性对照组给予等体积灭菌生理盐水灌胃,连续3次,每次间隔1h。造模后每1h测定体温一次,连续监测5次,观察BBO对家兔发热的解热作用。监测完最后一次体温后麻醉家兔取下丘脑,ELISA检测下丘脑中与炎性发热相关因子,包括白介素-1β(IL-1β)、白介素-6(IL-6)、环磷酸腺苷(cAMP)和前列腺素E2(PGE2)等,探讨BBO的解热机制。结果表明,BBO能够显著降低家兔体温;能够显著降低下丘脑中IL-1β、IL-6、cAMP、PGE2的含量。BBO的解热机制可能与抑制下丘脑IL-1β、IL-6、PGE2等内生致热源从而降低cAPM分泌有关。 相似文献
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为了从生物活性物质角度阐明针刺调节生殖内分泌功能的作用机理,选用16只雌性家兔,应用无针脉冲电刺激发情雌性家兔与生殖相关的腧穴-肾旁穴,采用高效液相色谱-电化学检测法和放射免疫分析法,检测了针刺前30min和针刺后80min母兔血浆中生殖激素17β-雌二醇(17β-E2)、孕酮(P4)水平,以及生物活性物质去甲肾上腺素(NE)、肾上腺素(E)、多巴胺(DA)和5-羟色胺(5-HT)的浓度。结果表明,针刺后血浆中NE含量极显著升高(P<0.001),E含量显著升高(P<0.05),DA和5-HT含量亦显著升高(P<0.05)。提示针刺能够调节与生殖相关的生物活性物质的分泌,引起相关生物活性物质的变化,证实了针刺调节母兔生殖功能中间环节的物质基础。 相似文献
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《中国兽医学报》2017,(7)
采用LPS人工复制仔猪发热模型,攻毒5h后按要求给于清开灵。监测各时间段的体温以及在0,5,30,72h各时段采血用ELISA法检测PGE2、cAMP、α-MSH和AVP的含量。结果显示:在注射LPS时,各组PGE2、cAMP、AVP、α-MSH的含量无显著性差异(P>0.05);在注射LPS 5h后,与空白组相比,模型组PGE2、cAMP、AVP和α-MSH的含量升高;在30h时,与模型组相比,清开灵各组PGE2、cAMP含量降低,AVP含量升高,且差异显著(P<0.05);在72h时,清开灵各组PGE2、cAMP、AVP和α-MSH的含量与空白组比较差异不显著(P>0.05)。体温与上述相关因子存在显著相关性。结果表明:清开灵有明显的解热作用,其机制可能是通过诸多调节因子共同调节的作用。 相似文献
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为了比较黄连叶、须、根的浸膏、原粉对内毒素致大耳兔发热、酵母致大鼠发热模型的解热作用、将大耳兔和大鼠各分为9组,耳缘静脉注射内毒索致大耳兔发热,皮下注射酵母溶液致大鼠发热,致热后模型组一灌胃生理盐水,模型组二灌胃阿司匹林溶液,其余6组分别灌胃黄连叶、须、根的浸膏和原粉,记录给药后不同时间段大耳兔和大鼠的体温,描绘平均升温曲线。结果是黄连根的浸膏和原粉对发热大耳兔、大鼠的体温有极明显的降低作用(P<0.01).黄连须浸膏和原粉对发热大耳兔、大鼠的体温有较强的降低作用(P<0.05),黄连叶的浸膏和原粉对发热大耳兔、大鼠有降温作用,但没有达到显著水平,且浸膏组的降温效果好于对应的原粉组、表明黄连须对内毒素致大耳兔和酵母致大鼠发热模型的解热效果强于黄连叶,对于开发成中兽药具有一定的价值,而黄连叶不具有开发利用价值 相似文献
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本研究旨在探索膏芩口服液对内毒素发热小型猪的解热效果及机制。40头试验小型猪,随机分为4组:对照组、模型组、安乃近组、膏芩口服液组,每组10头。采用大肠杆菌内毒素(LPS)80μg.kg-1,连续2次,间隔12 h,腹腔注射攻毒复制试验猪发热模型,第1次攻毒6 h后,对照组和模型组灌服生理盐水;安乃近组注射安乃近;膏芩口服液组灌服膏芩口服液,1次.d-1,连续3 d。分别监测每组6头试验猪的基础体温和攻毒给药后1、3、5、24、30、42、54 h肛温,观察临床症状并评分,并在54 h时,各组试验猪前腔静脉采血,检测血清中TNFα-、IL-1、cAMP、PGE2的含量。结果表明,与模型组相比,膏芩口服液组能显著缓解内毒素所引起的小型猪发热临床症状,降低体温;与对照组相比,模型组中TNF-α、PGE2、cAMP、IL-1显著增加(P<0.05);与模型组相比,膏芩口服液组能显著降低血清TNF-α、PGE2、cAMP含量(P<0.05),但对于IL-1作用不显著(P>0.05)。由此可见,膏芩口服液能明显抑制内毒素所引起的小型猪发热,其解热作用的机制可能与抑制血清细胞因子TNFα-的生成,减少发热介质PGE2和c... 相似文献
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《中国兽医杂志》2019,(5)
本实验以山羊为研究对象,研究噻拉嗪对山羊不同脑区去甲肾上腺素(NE)、多巴胺(DA)含量影响的研究来探讨噻拉嗪麻醉的中枢作用机制。本试验用25只健康山羊随机分为5组(n=5),生理盐水对照组,诱导组,麻醉组,恢复1组和恢复2组,试验组山羊肌肉注射噻拉嗪12.8 mg/kg·bw。在相应麻醉期取不同区域脑组织,采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定不同脑区NE及DA的含量。结果注射噻拉嗪后大脑、海马和丘脑内NE和DA的含量在麻醉期显著降低,恢复期恢复到正常水平(P<0.05)。小脑和脑干内NE和DA含量变化不明显,差异不显著(P>0.05)。表明大脑、海马和丘脑内是噻拉嗪麻醉引起山羊NE及DA含量变化的作用部位。噻拉嗪的中枢麻醉作用机制可能与抑制大脑、海马和丘脑内NE及DA的释放相关。 相似文献
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Tachibana T Tanaka S Furuse M Hasegawa S Kato H Sugahara K 《British poultry science》2002,43(1):122-126
1. We measured the concentrations of dopamine (DA), norepinephrine (NE), epinephrine (E) and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) in the hypothalamus of 21-d-old male brown-egg layer-type chicks after intracerebroventricular injection of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1). 2. The monoamine concentrations of the whole hypothalamus, paraventricular nucleus and lateral hypothalamic area were not significantly affected by GLP-1. 3. However, concentrations of DA, NE and E, but not 5-HT, in the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus (VMH) were significantly decreased by GLP-1. 4. These observations suggest that the anorexigenic effect of GLP-1 involves catecholaminergic systems in the VMH in the chick. 相似文献
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Piekarzewska AB Rosochacki SJ Sender G 《Journal of veterinary medicine. A, Physiology, pathology, clinical medicine》2000,47(5):257-269
Concentrations of noradrenaline (NA), adrenaline (A), dopamine (DA), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), the DA metabolites 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) and homovanillic acid (HVA) and the main 5-HT metabolite 5-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid (5-HIAA) were measured using HPLC in 16 brain areas of control and immobilized Pietrain pigs. The animals were immobilized for 15, 30 and 60 min in the prone position. Control pigs showed patterns of regional distribution of brain monoamines similar to those described for rats, dogs and Duroc pigs. However, the absolute values of NA and A in the hypothalamus and preoptic area were much higher than those in rats and dogs, but similar to those in Duroc pigs. The concentrations of dopamine and its metabolites DOPAC and HVA were highest in the caudate nucleus, the nucleus accumbens, the olfactory tubercle and the ventral tegmental area. The distributions of serotonin and its metabolite 5-HIAA were similar in all examined structures. DOPAC/DA and HVA/DA ratios were higher in the cornu ammonis, the hippocampus posterior and the raphe nuclei than in other structures, which suggests brain structure-related differences in dopamine turnover. The greatest decreases in NA and A content were observed in the hypothalamus, the preoptic area and the olfactory tuberculum during the first 30 min of immobilization stress. 5-HT turnover was increased in the raphe nuclei, while DA turnover was affected in the raphe nuclei, the septum, the substantia nigra and the olfactory tubercle. We suggest that acute immobilization stress caused differences in regional patterns of brain biogenic amines, thereby maintaining adequate transmitter levels during stress in stress-susceptible pigs. 相似文献
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Two experiments were conducted in ovariectomized, pituitary stalk-transected ewes to determine if dopamine (DA), norepinephrine (NE) or serotonin (5-HT) alter secretion of luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and prolactin (PRL). In experiment 1, ewes were infused (iv) with saline (control), DA (66 micrograms/kg/min), NE (6.6 micrograms/kg/min) or 5-HT (6.6 micrograms/kg/min). Treatments did not alter pulse frequency, but 5-HT increased (P less than .05) amplitude of pulses of LH and mean concentrations of LH, DA and NE were without effect on basal secretion of LH. DA but not NE or 5-HT decreased (P less than .05) the release of LH in response to gonadotropin hormone-releasing hormone (GnRH, 25 micrograms, im). Concentrations of FSH were not affected by treatments. Secretion of PRL was reduced (P less than .05) by treatment with DA and NE but not 5-HT. Each amine reduced (P less than .05) the release of PRL in response to thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH; 3 micrograms, im). In experiment 2, ewes were given DA at doses of 0, 0.66, 6.6 or 66.0 micrograms/kg/min, iv. No dose altered basal LH, but each dose reduced (P less than .05) basal and TRH-induced release of PRL. Key findings from these studies include direct pituitary action for: (1) 5-HT enhanced basal secretion of LH, (2) suppression of GnRH-induced secretion of LH by DA. (3) DA and NE inhibition of PRL secretion, and (4) DA, NE and 5-HT inhibition of release of PRL in response to TRH. 相似文献
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LIU Tao PENG Xiao-feng LIU Cui PAN Chun-hui YANG Dan ZHANG Wen-jing DENG Yan-jun XU Yu-ling 《中国畜牧兽医》2017,44(9):2822-2828
The study was aimed to investigate the in vitro and in vivo efficacy of Ruxiankang injection.The Oxford cup method was took to study the antibacterial activity in vitro of Ruxiankang injection;Six classical pharmacological models which were hot plate method, acetic acid inducing writhing, xylene inducing ear edema,egg white inducing paw edema, fever in rats induced by 2,4-dinitrophenol and dried yeast were adopted to study the analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic effects of Ruxiankang injection.The results showed that Ruxiankang injection had significant inhibitory effect in vitro on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus; And among them, middle and high dose groups could extremely significantly increase the pain threshold of mice and reduce the writhing times of mice (P<0.01);Middle dose group could significantly reduce the degree of ear swelling induced by xylene and foot metatarsus swelling by egg white in mice (P<0.05);Middle and high dose groups had significant antipyretic effect caused by 2, 4-dinitrophenol fever at 1.5 to 2.0 and 3.0 to 3.5 h and dry yeast at 1.0 to 3.5 h (P<0.05).The results indicated that Ruxiankang injection could obviously inhibit Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus activity and had remarkable antipyretic analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects. 相似文献
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Six hours post-hatch, large white turkey poults were inoculated intranasally with 5 X 10(7) organisms of the "W" isolate of Bordetella avium. Three hours after inoculation and subsequently on days 7, 10, 14, 21, and 28 postinoculation, 30 infected and 30 uninfected control poults were injected intramuscularly with alpha methylparatyrosine (AMPT, 250 mg/kg), and an additional 30 of each group received a saline vehicle. Three hours after AMPT injection, whole brains from treated and untreated poults from both infected and control groups were removed, weighed, and frozen until assayed for norepinephrine (NE), dopamine (DA), and serotonin (5-HT). B. avium-infected poults had a significant reduction in steady-state NE and Da and a greater depletion of NE and DA after AMPT treatment compared with control poults. Infected poults had significantly reduced whole brain 5-HT concentrations, which persisted through 21 days postinoculation. Altered brain NE, DA, and 5-HT concentrations suggest that the B. avium-infected poults may be less able to cope with additional stressors. 相似文献
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Daniel JA Abrams MS deSouza L Wagner CG Whitlock BK Sartin JL 《Domestic animal endocrinology》2003,25(1):13-19
Administration of endotoxin suppresses circulating concentration of luteinizing hormone (LH) in a number of species, including rats, sheep, cattle, and non-human primates. Specifically, endotoxin administration decreases circulating concentration of LH and LH pulses frequency in castrated male sheep. Endotoxin could alter circulating concentrations of LH via actions at the hypothalamus through altered GnRH production and/or release, or endotoxin could alter circulating concentrations of LH at the level of the pituitary via inhibition of LH production and release or inhibition of LH in response to GnRH. The site of endotoxin suppression of circulating concentrations of LH as well as possible mediators of endotoxin suppression of circulating concentrations of LH, including cortiocotropin-releasing hormone, arginine vasopressin, glucocorticoids, inflammatory cytokines, prostaglandins, and opioids, are discussed. 相似文献
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炎消热清的镇痛作用及其机理研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
为了研究炎消热清(AEE)的镇痛作用及其可能的机制,采用热板法和扭体法考察AEE的镇痛效果,并观察热刺激下二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸钠(DDC)、氟哌啶醇(Hal)、L-色氨酸(L-Trp)、赛庚啶(CYP)等药物对AEE镇痛作用的影响,用紫外分光光度法测定了热刺激所致疼痛小鼠全脑中的前列腺素E2(PGE2)含量。结果表明,AEE可明显减少醋酸扭体试验中小鼠的扭体次数,降低热刺激小鼠疼痛反应;可显著降低热刺激所致疼痛小鼠全脑中PGE2的含量和二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸钠对痛觉的敏感度,与氟哌啶醇之间存在明显的协同效应,与L-色氨酸和赛庚啶之间拮抗效应显著。说明AEE具有明显的镇痛作用,镇痛机制可能与其降低小鼠全脑中的PGE2含量以及增加去甲肾上腺素(NE)的含量、阻断多巴胺(DA)受体有关。 相似文献
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1. This study was conducted to examine whether oral administration of lysine solution affect food intake and the ventromedial hypothalamic (VMH) monoamines in chickens fed on a lysine-free diet. 2. Chickens were assigned to four treatment groups. Two groups of chickens were given two different doses of lysine solution (0·1?g and 0·07?g in 1?ml of saline) exogenously (orally) while being fed on a lysine-free diet, and these results were compared with a control diet plus saline group. Another group of chickens was fed on a lysine-free diet without lysine supplementation, and their results were compared with the lysine treated groups. The extracellular dopamine (DA), norepinephrine (NE) and serotonin (5-HT) in the VMH of freely moving chicken were measured by in vivo microdialysis. 3. There was no significant difference in food intake between the control diet and the lysine supplemented groups during the time-course of the experiments. Food intake significantly decreased at 4, 5 and 6?h in the lysine-free diet plus saline group compared with the lysine supplemented groups. Of the VMH monoamines, the DA concentration remained close to the baseline in the lysine supplemented groups. This DA concentration was significantly lower than the baseline in the lysine-free diet plus saline group at 3·5?h and thereafter. 4. No significant difference from the baseline was observed for NE in the lysine-free diet plus saline group. The 5-HT concentrations were close to the baseline for all groups throughout the experiments. 5. The findings suggest that oral administration of lysine solution to chickens fed on a lysine-free diet restored food intake which was associated with the variations of VMH DA concentration. 相似文献
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Unmack MA Hansen MB Grondahl ML Olsen JE Christensen P Skadhauge E 《Journal of veterinary medicine. A, Physiology, pathology, clinical medicine》2001,48(3):153-163
The effect of the cyclooxygenase and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) synthesis inhibitor, indomethacin, on the secretory responses induced by Salmonella serotype Typhimurium (ST) and cholera toxin (CT), in the porcine small intestine was investigated. ST (10(10) colony-forming units) and CT (56 micrograms) were instilled in tied-off intestinal loops in young anaesthetized pigs receiving intravenous indomethacin in a total dose of 7.5 mg/kg, or saline. The accumulated fluid in the loops and the luminal content of endogenous secretagogues PGE2 and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) were measured. ST induced fluid accumulation in the jejunum, whereas CT induced fluid accumulation in the jejunum and ileum. Indomethacin had no effect on the secretory responses. Indomethacin had a significant effect on the luminal content of PGE2 in jejunal ST and CT loops, whereas no effect of indomethacin was observed on the luminal content of 5-HT in ST and CT loops. In ST and CT loops, an increased content of PGE2 and 5-HT compared with test loops infused with Ringer's solution was observed. These results indicate that the porcine jejunal secretory response to ST and CT does not involve prostaglandins although indomethacin has an influence on the luminal release of PGE2 but not of 5-HT. 相似文献