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铜是动物体内不可缺少的重要的微量元素之一 ,它不仅是体内许多酶系的组成成份 ,而且还直接参与血细胞的生成过程。缺乏时 ,猪生长缓慢、消化不良、贫血、被毛粗糙、共济失调、行走困难。但过量时 ,不仅导致猪的中毒、死亡 ,还可造成环境污染、资源浪费。正常情况下 ,在每公斤日粮添加 5～ 10ｍｇ的铜 (以ＣｕＳＯ4·7Ｈ2 Ｏ形式添加 ) ,即可满足猪的生长需要。但自发现高铜日粮 (12 5～ 2 5 0ｍｇ/ｋｇ日粮 )可明显提高猪的生产性能之后 ,高铜添加剂及高铜日粮在生产中得到了广泛应用。许多生产企业为了迎合广大养殖户的心理需求 ,在饲料或… 相似文献
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铜缺乏症主要是由于动物体内微量元素铜缺乏，而引起贫血、腹泻，被毛褪色，皮肤角化不全，共济失调，骨和关节肿大，生长受阻和繁殖障碍为特征的动物营养代谢病。铜缺乏症发生于各种动物，主要侵害牛、羊、鹿、猪、马等动物。 相似文献
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锌是动物体内重要的微量元素,在动物体内具有重要的生理作用.在猪生产上,缺乏锌元素容易造成猪采食量降低、生产性能下降、皮肤及被毛损害,严重时能够导致公猪生殖器官发育不良,导致母猪繁殖力下降等. 相似文献
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为更有效地防治内蒙古自治区四子王旗地区家畜微量元素代谢病,合理使用微量元素添加剂,采用实地采样和实验室分析相结合的方法,对该地区短花针茅（Stipa breviflora）荒漠草地土壤-牧草-家畜生态系统中微量元素的水平进行检测。结果显示,土壤中铜和硒处于缺乏状态。牧草中铁和锰元素处于过量状态,硒为缺乏状态。与健康绵羊的各项指标相比较,血浆中铁和锰分别于夏秋季节和全年高于正常水平,硒和铜元素分别于秋季和冬季低于正常水平;肝脏中铁和锰全年高于正常水平,铜冬季低于临界值,硒元素秋冬季节低于正常水平;被毛中铁全年高于正常水平,而铜和硒全年低于正常水平。结合放牧绵羊对各种矿物质的进食量和消化率进行综合分析表明,该地区为高铁、高锰、低硒的生态环境,同时铜和锌处于季节性缺乏状态。 相似文献
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貉"白鼻子"病是貉的一种新发疾病,多数学者认为其为营养代谢性疾病,发病可能和某些微量元素的缺乏有关,但现在没有得到证实.本研究在尝试建立用火焰原子吸收光谱法和荧光吸收光谱法测定貉血清、被毛中铜、锌、铁、硒的方法的基础上,测定了患"白鼻子"病貉及健康貉血清、被毛中铜、锌、铁、硒的含量."白鼻子"病貉血清铜、锌、铁、硒的含量分别为(592.78±110,37)μg/L、(2.019±0.177)mg/L、(28.410±2.826)mg/L、(166.771±38.661)ng/L,和正常貉相比((709.84±76.56)μg/L、(4.759±1.925)mg/L、(42.352±23.197)mg/L、(303.92±59.527)ng/L),其血清铜、锌、铁、硒含量降低且存在显著差异(P=0.002、P=0.00,P=0.0495、P=0.00)."白鼻子"病貉被毛铜、锌、铁、硒的含量分别为(17.66±3.61)μg/g、201.43μg/g、(227.59±143.279)μg/g、(797.429±384.43)ng/g,和正常貉相比((16.93±2.86)μg/g、(158.10±31.5)μg/g、(179.613±90.683)μg/g、(612.67±272.410)ng/g),其被毛锌、硒含量降低且存在显著差异(P=0.049 5,P=0.045),铜、铁含量降低但显著不差异(P=0.395,P=0.236).试验结果表明貉"白鼻子"病的发病和其铜、锌、铁、硒的代谢异常有关. 相似文献
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拉萨河谷冬春季放牧与舍饲彭波半细毛羊牧草、血液及被毛矿物质含量 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为分析拉萨河谷冬春季放牧与舍饲彭波半细毛羊采食牧草、血液及被毛中主要矿物质元素的含量,试验选用1.5岁左右彭波半细毛羊母羊60只,随机分为放牧组(GZ)和舍饲组(IF)进行试验。结果表明:试验所用牧草矿物质元素,除钼外其他元素含量均为绿麦草>冬季天然牧草。冬季天然牧草磷、镁、硫、铜、锰、锌和硒及绿麦草镁含量低于正常范围。(2)舍饲组血清钙(P=0.026)、硫(P=0.030)、铜(P=0.011)和钼(P=0.014)含量高于放牧组,镁(P=0.090)、铁(P=0.071)、锌(P=0.083)和碘(P=0.066)含量有增高的趋势;其被毛钙(P=0.003)、磷(P=0.006)、镁(P<0.001)、铁(P=0.022)、锰(P<0.001)和碘(P=0.012)含量均高于后者,铜含量有增高的趋势(P=0.068)。在血液和被毛中,放牧组血清铜、锰及被毛铜、锰和硒含量及舍饲组血锰及被毛锰、硒含量均低于推荐值。以上结果表明,拉萨河谷冬春季放牧彭波半细毛羊钙、铁、钼和碘充足,但磷、镁、硫、铜、锰、锌和硒缺乏或不足;舍饲(以谷物为主的精补料+绿麦草干草)能有效解决磷、镁、硫、铜、锌和硒的缺乏问题,但锰仍需补充。 相似文献
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The construction and evaluation of a device for mechanomyography in anaesthetized Göttingen minipigs
R. Eddie Clutton Kosala Dissanayake Holly Lawson Keith Simpson Adrian Thompson Michael Eddleston 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2013,40(2):134-141
Objective To devise a method for assessing evoked muscle strength on nerve stimulation [mechanomyography (MMG)] in the anaesthetized minipig. Study design Prospective observational. Animals Sixty male Göttingen minipigs weighing 10.5–26.0 kg. Methods After cadaveric studies, a limb fixation device was constructed which allowed the twitch responses of the pelvic limb digital extensor muscles to be measured by force‐displacement transduction in response to supramaximal train‐of‐four (TOF) stimulation of the common peroneal nerve. The device was tested in 60 minipigs weighing 10.5–26.0 kg positioned in dorsal recumbency. Results The technique recorded the MMG of the common peroneal–pelvic limb digital extensor nerve‐muscle unit for up to 12 hours during which twitch height remained constant in 18 animals in which single twitch duration was <300–500 ms. In 42, in which twitch duration was >300–500 ms, 2 Hz nerve stimulation caused progressive baseline elevation (reverse fade) necessitating a modified signal capture method for TOF ratio (TOFR) computation. However, T1 was unaffected. The mean (range) of the TOFR in pigs with reverse fade was 1.2 (1.1–1.3). Conclusions and clinical relevance The technique allowed MMG recording in unparalysed pigs in response to TOF nerve stimulation and revealed a hitherto unreported complication of MMG monitoring using TOF in animals: reverse fade. This complicated TOFR calculation. 相似文献
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In a collaborative study with small-animal veterinary surgeons, dogs with fur and skin conditions were treated with biotin (approximately 5 mg biotin/10 kg body weight/day) for 3 to 5 weeks. In total 119 cases could be treated which were reported to show symptoms such as dull coat, brittle hair, loss of hair, scaly skin, pruritus or dermatitis. Cases requiring other treatments with e.g. glucocorticoids, were excluded from the study. In 60% of the cases all symptoms were reported to be cured after the biotin treatment and in a further 31% an improvement was noted; in only 9% no effect was recorded. All breeds responded but to a variable extent: e.g. in Poodles the response was lower (no response in 6 out of 11 cases) than in Alsatians where all improved and 14 out of 29 were completely cured. The results confirm the favourable effect of biotin for treatment of fur and skin conditions in dogs. 相似文献
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Dittmar de la Cruz K Ribbeck R Daugschies A 《Berliner und Münchener tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》2003,116(1-2):45-49
During several excavations of archeological sites in the Moquegua Valley, Southern Peru, various guinea pig mummies (Cavia aperea f. porcellus) have been discovered. They belong to the Chiribaya Culture (900-1100 AD). The outstanding preservation of the mummified animals gave rise to the idea of a paleoparasitological analysis. In the fur, numerous well preserved ectoparasites (lice, fleas, mites) could be recovered. Generally, ectoparasite remains are rarely found among archeological material. This is the first account of an extensive ectoparasitological analysis of animal mummies in Peru. A modified technique for recovery and preservation of the ectoparasites has been developed. 相似文献
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加味四君子汤对脾虚小鼠免疫机能、抗应激和消化吸收的影响 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
为研究加味四君子汤的药效学,试验通过灌服大黄水煎液制备小鼠脾虚症模型,观察不同剂量加味四君子汤对脾虚小鼠一般体征、免疫机能、抗应激能力、胃肠运动和吸收功能的影响.结果表明,加味四君子汤中,高剂量组可改善脾虚小鼠的体征,显著增加小鼠体重和腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬率(P <0.05),在一定程度上提高小鼠体温;中剂量组可显著提高血清中IgM含量、脾脏指数和胸腺指数(P <0.05);不同剂量加味四君子汤均能显著提高腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬指数和延长小鼠游泳持续时间(P <0.05),改善常压耐缺氧能力,降低胃排空率,减缓小肠的推进,提高脾虚小鼠尿液D-木糖排泄量和血清淀粉酶活性.综上所述,不同剂量的加味四君子汤能改善小鼠脾虚症状,提高小鼠的免疫机能、抗应激和消化吸收能力. 相似文献
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为了解近年来犬瘟热病毒(canine distemper virus,CDV)在中国毛皮动物主要养殖区的流行情况及遗传变异情况,本试验于2012-2014年从山东、河北、辽宁收集疑似犬瘟热的水貂、狐狸和貉病料,经犬瘟热抗原检测试纸条检测和RT-PCR检测为阳性后,克隆测序了15株CDV F蛋白信号区(Fsp)基因序列.序列分析结果显示,15株CDV野毒株Fsp基因核苷酸序列和氨基酸序列的相似性均为93.6%~100.0%,与疫苗株相似性为80.7%~81.7%.基因系统进化分析结果显示,15株野毒株均属于中国当前流行的Asia-1基因型.氨基酸序列比对分析结果显示,Fsp蛋白在氨基酸3-14、16-37、47-67位等处存在高变异.通过对当前流行CDV野毒株Fsp基因序列分析,结果表明该Fsp基因区具有较高的变异率,可作为CDV基因分型的依据,同时本试验结果为毛皮动物犬瘟热的防控提供了参考依据. 相似文献