首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Soil organic matter (SOM) is often considered the dominant sorptive phase for organic contaminants and pesticides in soil-water systems. This is evidenced by the widespread use of organic-matter-normalized sorption coefficients (K(OM)) to predict soil-water distribution of pesticides, an approach that ignores the potential contribution of soil minerals to sorption. To gain additional perspective on the potential contributions of clays and SOM to pesticide retention in soils, we measured sorption of seven pesticides by a K-saturated reference smectite clay (SWy-2) and SOM (represented by a muck soil). In addition, we measured the adsorption of atrazine by five different K-saturated smectites and Ca-saturated SWy-2. On a unit mass basis, the K-SWy-2 clay was a more effective sorbent than SOM for 4,6-dinitro-o-cresol (DNOC), dichlobenil, and carbaryl of the seven pesticides evaluated, of which, DNOC was sorbed to the greatest extent. Atrazine was sorbed to a similar extent by K-SWy-2 and SOM. Parathion, diuron, and biphenyl were sorbed to a greater extent by SOM than by K-SWy-2. Atrazine was adsorbed by Ca-SWy-2 to a much lesser extent than by K-SWy-2. This appears to be related to the larger hydration sphere of Ca(2+) (compared to that of K(+)) which shrinks the effective size of the adsorption domains between exchangeable cations, and which expands the clay layers beyond the apparently optimal spacing of approximately 12.2 A for sorption of aromatic pesticide structures. Although a simple relation between atrazine adsorption by different K-smectites and charge properties of clay was not observed, the highest charge clay was the least effective sorbent; a higher charge density would result in a loss of adsorption domains. These results indicate that for certain pesticides, expandable soil clays have the potential to be an equal or dominant sorptive phase when compared to SOM for pesticide retention in soil.  相似文献   

2.
Pesticide leaching is a great threat in low organic carbon soils when subjected to improper irrigation scheduling. Limited data are available on the sorption and leaching potential of pesticides in agricultural soils of Pakistan with low soil organic carbon (SOC). Lysimeter and field studies were conducted with and without manure application at two irrigation levels in a wheat-fallow-maize rotation in Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Isoproturon was applied to wheat 55 d after sowing at 1 kg active ingredient (a.i.) ha-1, while atrazine was sprayed on maize 30 d after sowing at 0.774 kg a.i. ha-1. Soil was sampled from three depths (0--35, 35--70, and 70--110 cm) for the field study and four depths (0--35, 35–70, 70--115, and 115--160 cm) for the lysimeter study, 280 and 65 d after application of isoproturon and atrazine, respectively. The soil-water partition coefficients (Kd) of isoproturon and atrazine ranged from 0.3 to 1.2 and 0.4 to 1.5 L Kg-1, respectively, and increased linearly with increase in SOC contents. The organic carbon-normalized soil-water partition coefficient (Koc) of isoproturon and atrazine averaged 246.1 and 184.9 L kg-1, respectively, being higher with low spiking concentration. Isoproturon residues measured 280 d after application ranged from 2.1% to 3.6% of the applied mass in the lysimeter study and from 1.5% to 3.1% under field conditions. Atrazine residues 65 d after application ranged from only 0.62% to 0.78% and from 0.88% to 0.82% in the lysimeter and field studies, respectively. The lowest levels of residues for both pesticides were observed with frequent irrigation applied to manure-amended soil. A pesticide leaching risk screening tool, the ground water ubiquity score (GUS), indicated that in the absence of manure under both irrigation levels, isoproturon has a leaching potential (GUS = 2.8), while with the application of manure it has a very low leaching risk. Atrazine GUS ranged from 1.7 to 1.9, indicating a very low risk of leaching.  相似文献   

3.
土壤中黑碳对农药敌草隆的吸附-解吸迟滞行为研究   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  
采用批处理振荡法和连续稀释法分别测定了敌草隆在人工添加黑碳土壤和自然形成的不同有机质和黑碳含量的土壤中的吸附一解吸行为。吸附结果表明，人工添加黑碳的土壤对敌草隆的吸附强度和吸附容量以及吸附等温线的非线性均随土壤黑碳添加浓度的增加而逐步增大；自然土壤的吸附容量和吸附强度随土壤总有机质含量增加而增加，但吸附等温线的非线性则与土壤中黑碳对有机质的相对含量有关，黑碳比例越高，等温线非线性越大。解吸实验结果表明，无论是人工添加黑碳的土壤还是自然土壤，对敌草隆的解吸迟滞作用均随土壤黑碳含量增高而愈明显。  相似文献   

4.
A bioassay technique was used to investigate heavy metals uptake by wheat seedlings grown in fly ash-amended soils. No negative effect of fly ash on the growth of wheat seedlings was found. The addition of the fly ash generally decreased the heavy metal concentration in the wheat seedlings. The total accumulation largely depended on the soil characteristics. The variation in the soil pH induced by the fly ash treatment could be considered the most important parameter that influenced heavy metals uptake. In the soil with a higher increase of pH (2 units) total accumulation of heavy metals decreased with increasing fly ash addition. In the other soils where the pH variation was lower (0.4 units), total accumulation of some heavy metals increased. These obtained data provide useful information which is required before the agronomic use of fly ash can be recommended in Italian soils.  相似文献   

5.
生物质电厂飞灰用作肥料的可行性评价   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
为了研究炉排燃烧生物质电厂飞灰在农林方面的应用价值和可能产生的环境影响,根据欧盟相关标准分析了2种飞灰(A、B)的基础特性(水分、灰分、总有机碳含量、p H值和电导率),并利用电感耦合等离子体光谱仪、质谱仪分析了飞灰中营养元素和有害元素的含量;参考中国固体废物浸出毒性浸出方法标准研究了营养元素和有害元素的浸出特性。结果表明,2种飞灰p H值均大于12,呈较强的碱性;并且二者不仅含有较高浓度的有机碳(A:18.39%;B:7.79%),还富含K、Ca、Mg、P等营养元素,其他主要有害元素的含量低于欧盟一些国家生物质灰农、林用和中国粉煤灰农用标准所规定上限值,这使得它们可以作为土壤改良剂或者辅料应用的农林方面。此外,除A飞灰中Cr的浸出率为1.274%外,其他有害元素的浸出率远小于1%,因而当它们应用在农林土壤时不至于造成污染。  相似文献   

6.
Degradation and binding of atrazine in surface and subsurface soils   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
Understanding the dissipation rates of chemicals in unsaturated and saturated zones of subsurface soils will help determine if reductions of concentrations to acceptable levels will occur. Chemical properties and microbial biomass and activity were determined for the surface (0-15 cm), lower root (50-105 cm), and vadose (175-220 cm) zones in a Huntington silty clay loam (Fluventic Hapludoll) collected from an agricultural field near Piketon, OH. The rates of sorption, mineralization, and transformation (formation of bound residues and metabolites) of atrazine were determined. Microbial activity was estimated from the mineralization of (14)C-benzoate. We observed decreased levels of nutrients (total organic carbon, N, and P) and microbial biomass with depth, while activity as measured with benzoate metabolism was higher in the vadose zone than in either the surface or the root zones. Sorption coefficients (K(f)) declined from 8.17 in the surface to 3.31 in the vadose zone. Sorption was positively correlated with organic C content. Rates of atrazine mineralization and bound residues formation were, respectively, 12-2.3-fold lower in the vadose than in the surface soil. Estimated half-lives of atrazine ranged from 77 to 101 days in the surface soil, but increased to over 900 days in the subsurface soils. The decreased dissipation of atrazine with increasing depth in the profile is the result of decreased microbial activity toward atrazine, measured either as total biomass or as populations of atrazine-degrading microorganisms. The combination of reduced dissipation and low sorption indicates that there is potential for atrazine movement in the subsurface soils.  相似文献   

7.
Sorption-desorption interactions of pesticides with soil determine the availability of pesticides in soil for transport, plant uptake, and microbial degradation. These interactions are affected by the physical and chemical properties of the pesticide and soil, and for some pesticides, their residence time in the soil. The objective of this study was to characterize sorption-desorption of two sulfonylaminocarbonyltriazolinone herbicides incubated in soils at different soil moisture potentials. The chemicals were incubated in clay loam and loamy sand soils for up to 12 wks at -33 kPa and at water contents equivalent to 50 and 75% of that at -33 kPa. Chemicals were extracted sequentially with 0.01 N CaCl(2) and aqueous acetonitrile, and sorption coefficients were calculated. Sufficient sulfonylaminocarbonyltriazolinone herbicides remained (>40% of that applied) during incubation to allow calculation of sorption coefficients. Aging significantly increased sorption as indicated by increased sorption coefficients. For instance, for sulfonylaminocarbonyltriazolinone remaining after a 12-wk incubation at -33 kPa, K(d) increased by a factor of 4.5 in the clay loam soils and by 6.6 in the loamy sand as compared to freshly treated soils. There was no effect of moisture potential on sorption K(d) values. These data show the importance of characterization of sorption-desorption in aged herbicide residues in soil, particularly in the case of prediction of herbicide transport in soil. In this case, potential transport of sulfonylaminocarbonyltriazolinone herbicides would be over-predicted if freshly treated soil K(d) values were used to predict transport.  相似文献   

8.
In modern agricultural systems employing conservation tillage practices, glyphosate is widely used as a preplant burndown herbicide in a wide range of crops. Conservation tillage systems are characterized by a significant presence of crop residues at the soil surface so that glyphosate is applied to a soil matrix rich in poorly decomposed crop residues. Incorporation of corn residues in the range from 0.5 to 4% caused different effects on mineralization and sorption of [14C]glyphosate in sandy and sandy loam soils. More specifically, low levels of incorporated corn residues did not affect or slightly stimulated herbicide mineralization in the sandy and sandy loam soils, respectively. In the sandy soil, incorporation of the highest level of corn residues (4%) caused a decrease in [14C]glyphosate mineralization. [14C]Glyphosate sorption on both soil types was reduced in samples receiving high amounts of incorporated corn residues.  相似文献   

9.
As a source of organic matter, crop residues affect the behaviour of pesticides in agricultural soils. The fate of [U‐ring‐13C] and [U‐ring‐14C] atrazine (6‐chloro‐N‐ethyl‐N‐isopropyl‐1,3,5‐triazine‐2,4‐diamine) was investigated during laboratory incubation under controlled conditions in a loamy soil amended with wheat straw at two different states of decomposition: no preliminary decomposition or 6 months’ preliminary decomposition. After 3 months, non‐extractable, so‐called ‘bound’, 13C‐atrazine residues were recovered in three particle‐size fractions (> 200, 50–200 and < 50 μm), and investigated with solid‐state 13C‐NMR spectroscopy. Parallel incubations with [U‐ring‐14C] atrazine were carried out to quantify the bound residues as well as the extractable and mineralized fractions. The effect of straw residues on atrazine behaviour depended on whether they had been previously decomposed or not. When straw was decomposed for 6 months prior to incubation, atrazine mineralization was enhanced to 50% of the initial 14C in contrast to 15% of the initial 14C in soil alone and soil amended with fresh straw. In parallel, atrazine bound residues were formed in greater amount representing up to 20% of the initial 14C. CP/MAS 13C‐NMR on soil size fractions of soil–straw mixtures after incubation with 13C‐atrazine showed that bound residues contained mostly triazinic C, corresponding to atrazine or primary metabolites. Non‐humified organic materials recovered in size fractions > 200 and 50–200 μm contained significant amounts of bound residues, especially when straw was added to the soil. CP/MAS 13C‐NMR analysis of humic acids obtained from < 50‐μm fractions was difficult due to overlapping of the native carboxyl 13C signal with the 13C‐atrazine signal.  相似文献   

10.
Kinetic studies are of great concern for understanding the processes and parameters involved in the sorption of pollutants by soils. Sorption kinetics of imidacloprid and diuron in eight soils of different characteristics, with very low organic carbon content were investigated. Pseudosecond-order kinetic reactions closely correlate with the experimental kinetic (R(2) > 0.98) in all soils. The sorbed amount of diuron was higher than that for imidacloprid. The low OC content of these soils correlated neither with the sorbed amount nor with the kinetic parameters for both pesticides. Imidacloprid sorption was correlated with silt and sand content and cation exchange capacity (CEC); meanwhile for diuron, no correlation was found. Thus, sorption kinetics take place throughout different mechanisms related mainly to the chemical character of the pesticides. Sorption kinetic parameters determined using three of the four models selected (pseudosecond-order kinetic reactions, Elovich equation, and Weber-Morris models) have been shown to be worthy to distinguish the process controlling the sorption kinetic of both pesticides.  相似文献   

11.
To better understand the environmental fate of pesticides in Sri Lankan soils, we studied the sorption behavior of two commonly used pesticides (carbofuran and diuron) in 43 surface soils representing a range of soil physicochemical properties from dry and wet zones of Sri Lanka. For carbofuran, the K(d) (L/kg) values varied from 0.11 to 4.1 (mean, 0.83; median, 0.62) and K(oc) ranged from 7.3 to 120.6 (mean, 41.65; median, 36.1), whereas for diuron K(d) values varied from 0.5 to 75 (mean, 9.6; median, 5.15) and K(oc) ranged from 55.3 to 962 (mean, 407; median, 328). A comparison of sorption data on these tropical soils with published studies (mostly European and north American soils) showed that the ranges of sorption coefficients from Sri Lankan soils were within the wide range of K(oc) values reported in the literature. However, these values for both pesticides in soils from dry zones of Sri Lanka were consistently higher (up to two times) than those from the wet zone. The wide range of K(oc) values in Sri Lankan soils may be due to the possible difference in the nature of soil organic carbon, which needs to be further investigated.  相似文献   

12.
Fly ash and soil mixtures with a range of fly ash content from 0 to 100% were used to study the adsorption and desorption of herbicides atrazine, propazine, prometryne, propanil, and molinate in batch experiments. The isotherms shapes according to Giles classification (Giles et al., 1960) were S, L, and H as the substrate changed from sandy clay loam (SCL) to fly ash, depending on the percent of fly ash in the mixture. The adsorption isotherms fit the Freundlich equation x/m = K(f) C(1/)(n)(). The K(f) values increase with the increase of the fly ash content. The mean percent amounts of herbicides, for a range of concentration 1-20 mg L(-)(1), adsorbed on the soil were 21.9% for atrazine, 50.7% for propazine, 29.04% for prometryne, 43.14% for molinate, 31.35% for propachlor, and 46.34% for propanil. Mass balance estimations show that the adsorbed amounts of the herbicides increase along with the fly ash content in the sorbent mixture and reach the 99% in the "pure" fly ash. In contrast, the amounts desorbed with water decrease as the fly ash content increases. The n values ranged from 0.82 to 3.05 indicating that the carbon content of fly ash plays a significant role during the sorption process and an increase of heterogenity of solid substrate. The increase of the amounts desorbed with acetone indicates that the sorption of organic compounds onto fly ash is believed to occur principally via the weak induction forces of London or dispersion forces which are characteristic of the physical adsorption process. The results of this research demonstrate that the fly ash shows a significant capacity for adsorption of organic compounds from aqueous solution.  相似文献   

13.
Coal fly ash has physical and chemical characteristics that makeit useful as a soil amendment, one of the more important beingthe potential to permanently improve the soil water relations ofsandy, drought-prone soils. We axemined changes in theinfiltration rate and water holding capacity of a sandy soilafter application of high rates (up to 950 Mg ha-1) of aClass F fly ash. Fly ash was applied to large field plots byeither conventional tillage (CT; moldboard plow-disk) orintensive tillage (IT; chisel plow-rotovate-disk), and tomicroplots using a rototiller. Infiltration rate (i) wasmeasured in both studies with a disk permeameter on threeoccasions over a 12-month period. Ash effects on gravimetric water content (θg) at the 0–40 cm soil depth were measuredduring a 168 hr period following a 2.5 cm rainfall event andwater release curves (33 to 500 kPa) were constructed in thelaboratory using soils from the large plots. In both studiesi was decreased by ～80% one year after additionof fly ash and θgin ash-amended soil was higher than unamended soil throughoutthe 168 hr monitoring period. Soil water distribution variedwith tillage; the IT treatment had the highest θg increasesin the 0–20 cm depth while the CT treatment had θgincreases throughout the 0–40 cm depth. Soil water content anddistribution in ash-amended microplots were similar to ITtreatments. Fly ash amendment not only increased water holdingcapacity but also increased plant available water by 7–13% inthe 100–300 kPa range. These results suggest fly ash amendmentmay have the potential to improve crop production in excessivelydrained soils by decreasing i and increasing the amountof plant available water in the root zone.  相似文献   

14.
Wood ash is a residual material produced during biomass burning. In the northeastern United States up to 80 % of the ash is spread on agricultural lands as a liming amendment with the remainder being disposed of in landfills. As well as raising soil pH, wood ash also adds plant nutrients to soil. This study is an examination of the plant availability of the P in 8 different soils amended with one wood ash. Plant availability was assessed by measuring the biomass and P concentration of corn (Zea mays) L.) plants grown in the greenhouse for 28 d in soil amended with either CaCO3 (control), wood ash to supply 200 mg kg?1 total P, or monocalcium phosphate (MCP) to supply 200 mg kg?1 total P and CaCO3. Both corn growth and P uptake were highest in the MCP treatments, intermediate in the wood ash treatments, and lowest in the controls for all soil types. The soil property which seemed to have the greatest influence on P availability was pH buffer capacity. The soils with the greatest capacity to buffer OH additions also tended to exhibit the greatest absolute P uptake from wood ash-amended soils and the greatest P uptake relative to that from MCP-amended soils. The ability of soil test extractants to predict uptake of P in the three soil treatments was examined. A buffered ammonium acetate extradant overestimated P availability in the ash-amended soils relative to the MCP-amended soils. An unbuffered, acid, fluoride-containing extract provided a measure of P levels that was consistent with P uptake from all soil treatments. In this study the predictive relationship was as follows: P uptake = 0.017× (Bray P, mg kg?1) + 1.19; r = 0.81.  相似文献   

15.
The availability of pesticides in the soil is one of the factors that determine their mobilization and transport in runoff and groundwaters. In this paper, we aim to better understand the change in pesticide availability with increasing residence time in the soil. The relative contributions of degradation and sorption to the overall fate of molecules were examined, as was the remobilization of residues from the topsoil in water. The experiment was undertaken in undisturbed soil micro‐lysimeters under natural climatic conditions for 1 year. We applied 14C‐diuron to the soil surface to trace its residues in water‐extractable (W), methanol‐only‐extractable (MO) and non‐extractable (N) fractions and in runoff waters. Mass‐balance calculations were fitted to the observed data to determine the quantities degraded or transferred within and between each of the compartments studied. Losses of diuron residues in runoff declined exponentially from 473 to 4 µg l−1 in 1 year. After 80 days, sorption of diuron residues in the soil was significant, as was degradation in the W and MO pools. Losses in runoff were small because of sparse rainfall. The following 140 days corresponded to a humid period with increased degradation in both W and MO pools. A redistribution from the MO towards the W pool occurred, probably because of intense rainfall at that time, leading to an apparent desorption of diuron residues. This was the most important result, suggesting that ageing processes should not be considered irreversible over time. The last phase of change, which occurred during winter, was slow. Leaching processes appeared to be of minor importance for diuron, with the surface layer containing more than 84% of diuron residues.  相似文献   

16.
Groundwater pollution by nitrate from agricultural fields is a worldwide problem. To improve the understanding of nitrate transport processes through volcanic ash soils overlying groundwater aquifers, salt sorption experiments were performed. Salt sorption is the process that involves the simultaneous use of cation and anion adsorption mechanisms without changing the pH. Prepared six different concentrations of potassium chloride (KCl) solutions were mixed with soil samples. Anion and cation contents of the liquid and solid phases were determined. Experiments were performed in triplicate of six kinds of KCl solutions for three types of soils. Thus, total 54 of samples were analyzed. Relationships between ionic strength and sorption capacity increments of cations and anions were determined. The results show that if ionic strength of the infiltrating solution to the volcanic ash soil is known, the ECEC (effective cation exchange capacity) and EAEC (effective anion exchange capacity) can be reliably estimated. The resulting prediction equations can be included to improve reactive transport simulation models. Consequently, it will be possible to better understand solute transport with changing sorption capacity for the solid soil phase.  相似文献   

17.
The sorption behavior of diuron, imidacloprid, and thiacloprid was investigated using 22 soils collected in triplicate from temperate environments in Australia and tropical environments in Australia and the Philippines. Within the temperate environment in Australia, the soils were selected from a range of land uses. The average KOC values (L/kg) for imidacloprid were 326, 322, and 336; for thiacloprid, the values were 915, 743, and 842; and for diuron, the values were 579, 536, and 618 for the Ord (tropical), Mt. Lofty (temperate), and Philippines (tropical) soils, respectively. For all soils, the sorption coefficients decreased in the following order: thiacloprid > diuron > imidacloprid. There were no significant differences in sorption behavior between the tropical soils from the Philippines and the temperate soils from Australia. Sorption was also not significantly related with soil characteristics, namely, organic carbon (OC) content, clay content, and pH, for any of the three chemicals studied. When the data were sorted into separate land uses, the sorption of all three chemicals was highly correlated (P < 0.001) with OC for the rice soils from the Philippines. Sorption coefficients for all three chemicals were highly correlated with OC in temperate, native soils only when one extreme value was removed. The relationships between sorption of all three chemicals and OC in temperate, pasture soils were best described by a polynomial. Sorption coefficients for imidacloprid and thiacloprid determined in the temperate pasture soils remained fairly consistent as the OC content increased from 3.3 to 5.3%, indicating that, although the total OC in the pasture soils was increasing, the component of OC involved with sorption of these two compounds may have been remaining constant. This study demonstrated that the origin of the soils (i.e., temperate vs tropical) had no significant effect on the sorption behavior, but in some cases, land use significantly affected the sorption behavior of the three pesticides studied. The impact of land use on the nature of soil OC will be further investigated by NMR analysis.  相似文献   

18.
The herbicide diuron is widely used in agricultural areas in Brazil, whereas it has high potential for subsurface water contamination due to its physicochemical characteristics. Recent studies have demonstrated the potential of biochar as a sorbent and possible pesticide leaching mitigation. The objective of this study was to investigate the long-term effect of biochar application on the kinetics of sorption and desorption of diuron in a Cerrado Haplic Plinthosol. Samples were collected in an experiment conducted in the field in a randomized block design consisting of the combination of two levels of fertilizer application (0 and 300 kg ha-1 of 5-25-15 formula of NPK fertilizers) and three doses of biochar (0, 16, and 32 Mg ha-1). The Freundlich isotherm accurately described the sorption of diuron in all treatments. Biochar application increased the sorption and reduced the desorption of diuron. This effect was attributed to the contribution of biochar to total organic carbon (C) and C in the humin fraction and to the increase in the reactivity of the humic acid and humin fractions, which was significantly highly correlated with the sorption coefficient (Kf). A positive correlation between the partition coefficient of organic C and Kf confirmed the importance of the soil organic compartment for the sorption of diuron. The higher diuron sorption and lower diuron desorption capacities of sandy soils after biochar application could reduce the potential risk of diuron leaching and contamination of subsurface water.  相似文献   

19.
土壤矿物和胡敏酸对阿特拉津的吸附-解吸作用研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  
选取了6种土壤矿物(蒙脱石、高岭石、钙饱和处理蒙脱石、钙饱和处理高岭石、无定型氧化铁和无定型氧化铝),以及从土壤中提取纯化的3种胡敏酸为材料,采用批量吸附平衡法,研究土壤矿物和胡敏酸对阿特拉津的吸附特性。结果表明,各吸附剂对阿特拉津的吸附均能采用Frundlich方程进行较好地拟合(r≥0.982,p0.01)。胡敏酸对阿特拉津具有最大的吸附性能,其固-液分配系数(Kd值)随平衡浓度(Ce值)的变化基本恒定,吸附等温线呈线性(Frundlich方程常数N≈1),吸附以分配溶解作用为主,吸附可逆性较高。黏土矿物(特别是蒙脱石)对阿特拉津也具有较强的吸附能力,Kd值随Ce值增加而增加,吸附等温线呈S型(N1),吸附主要是通过表面亲水作用。无定型氧化铁铝的Kd值随Ce值增加而降低,当Ce达到一定水平后,Kd趋于恒定,吸附等温线呈L形(N1),吸附主要是通过无定型氧化物表面的羟基与阿特拉津分子间的化学键合作用,吸附可逆性最差。  相似文献   

20.
Fly ash was collected from a coal-fired power plant in and near the U.S. Department of Energy Savannah River Site to study the feasibility of the application of fly ash compost mixture to soils for the availability and uptake of various elements by corn (Zea mays L.). The crop was grown in potted Ogeechee sandy loam soil using eight treatments: soil alone, soil amended with 15% compost, and soil amended with 2, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25% of fly ash-amended compost. It was observed that 20–25% fly ash and compost soil ratio treatments generally increased plant growth and the yield. The plant uptake of K, Mn, and Cu increased with increasing percentages (2–25%) of fly ash+compost: soil ratios. The total content of K in plants was positively correlated with the dry matter yield of corn. This study indicates that the application of fly ash blended with compost to soil is beneficial to corn production without causing any deleterious effects on plant growth and plant composition.  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号