共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 514 毫秒
1.
膨化与加酶玉米对断奶仔猪生长性能和肠黏膜形态的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过2个饲养试验，研究了膨化及加酶处理玉米对断奶仔猪的生长性能和肠黏膜形态的影响。试验一分别用普通玉米、膨化玉米、普通玉米加酶及膨化玉米加酶为主要能量原料的饲料饲喂仔猪做4种处理，每个处理6个重复，定时记录体质量和耗料量．计算日增重、日采食量和料肉比。结果表明，膨化和加酶玉米均可提高日增重，降低料肉比。试验二分别用普通玉米、膨化玉米、普通玉米加酶及膨化玉米加酶为主要能量原料的饲料饲喂仔猪做4种处理，每个处理6个重复，分别在断奶后第14天和第28天各屠宰1头公猪。取十二指肠、空肠前、中、后段以及回肠做组织切片，观察其黏膜厚度、绒毛高度、隐窝深度和绒毛宽度。结果表明，断奶后14d，与普通玉米组相比，膨化玉米组和加酶玉米组都显著提高了十二指肠的绒毛高度，二者共同处理组使十二指肠的绒毛高度极显著提高；2种处理组都显著降低了空肠中段的隐窝深度；显著增加了十二指肠、空肠前段、后段和回肠的黏膜厚度。断奶后28d，2种处理组都显著增加了十二指肠的黏膜厚度。 相似文献
2.
将150头21日龄断奶仔猪(杜×长×大)随机分成5个处理组,即A组(100%普通玉米)、B组(50%普通玉米+50%蒸汽压片玉米)、C组(100%蒸汽压片玉米)、D组(50%普通玉米+50%膨化玉米)、E组(100%膨化玉米),每处理组设3个重复,每重复10头仔猪,进行5 d预试及14 d正试期,测定其生长性能。结果表明:使用蒸汽压片玉米或膨化玉米均可以提高21日龄断奶仔猪日增重及采食量、降低仔猪腹泻频率,对料重比的影响呈不规则结果;各处理组生长性能指标差异不显著(P0.05)。 相似文献
3.
二次制粒工艺对断奶仔猪消化器官的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
选用360头21日龄断奶仔猪,按饲喂试验日粮的制粒工艺、原料预处理不同,分成4个处理组,研究断奶仔猪采食二次制粒颗粒饲料对主要消化器官的影响。处理1组饲粮普通一次制粒并使用未膨化玉米及豆粕;处理2组饲粮一次制粒、使用膨化玉米及豆粕;处理3组采用二次制粒工艺、使用未膨化玉米及豆粕;处理4组二次制粒、使用膨化玉米及豆粕。主要消化器官统计结果(相对指标)显示:处理4组仔猪小肠重显著大于处理1和3组(P<0.05);小肠长度和空肠黏膜重指标,处理4组显著大于其他3个处理组。小肠形态测定结果显示:处理4组仔猪空肠绒毛高度显著大于其他3个处理组;空肠肠壁厚度指标,处理4组仔猪显著大于处理1组,而处理2组和3组之间无显著差异(P>0.05)。以上结果表明,在选择膨化玉米与膨化豆粕原料的基础上,采用二次制粒工艺,先将鱼粉与膨化玉米、膨化豆粕进行第一次高温制粒所生产的饲料,饲喂断奶仔猪有效促进小肠器官发育,从而改善生长性能。 相似文献
4.
不同添加量的膨化玉米对断奶仔猪的生长性能和养分消化率的影响 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
试验选择96头断奶仔猪,随机分为4个处理组,每组6个重复,每个重复4头仔猪(公母各半)。Ⅰ组为对照组,为普通玉米豆粕等配制的日粮;Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组分别以占日粮20%、40%和60%含量的膨化玉米替代日粮中的玉米,其它饲粮成分不变。研究了不同添加量的膨化玉米对断奶仔猪的生长性能以及养分消化率的影响。结果表明:添加膨化玉米的各组都显著提高了0～14d的平均日增重;60%的膨化玉米组0～14d和0～28d的平均日增重最高;与对照组相比,添加膨化玉米的各组0～14d的料重比显著降低,但不同添加量间无显著差异;从平均日采食量来看,各组间无显著差异;40%和60%膨化玉米组的有机物消化率显著高于对照组和20%膨化玉米组;60%膨化玉米组的粗淀粉消化率显著高于其它3组;各组之间在干物质、总能和粗蛋白质消化率上没有显著差异。总之,膨化玉米添加量为60%时仔猪的生长性能和消化率最佳。 相似文献
5.
缓释复合酸化剂对断奶仔猪消化道酸度以及消化道发育的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本试验选用28日龄断奶、平均体重（7．00±0．10）奴的长大二元杂种仔猪64头,按单因素试验设计原则,设4个处理,每个处理4个重复,每个重复4头猪（公母各半）,预试期3d,试验期35d,研究在玉米-豆粕-膨化大豆型基础饲粮中添加不同类型（包被与未包被）复合酸化剂对断奶仔猪胃肠道酸度和胃肠道发育的影响。结果表明,与无酸饲粮对照组相比,缓释复合酸化剂可以极显著降低断奶仔猪胃和小肠pH,试验1组还可以极显著提高仔猪胃和小肠相对重量;与未包被酸化荆组相比,缓释复合酸化剂可以极显著降低断奶仔猪空肠和回肠pH、提高仔猪胃相对重量,试验1组还可以极显著提高仔猪小肠相对重量。结果提示,在断奶仔猪饲粮中添加缓释复合酸化剂,可以通过降低胃肠道pH,促进仔猪胃肠道生长。 相似文献
6.
采用2×2因子试验设计,选择24日龄断奶且断奶体重为(6.95±0.05)kg的三元杂交猪(杜×长×大)96头,随机分成4个处理组,每组6个重复,每个重复4头仔猪。试验于31日龄正式开始,59日龄结束,研究膨化、酶处理陈化早籼糙米对早期断奶仔猪生产性能和消化道内碳水化合物消化酶的影响。结果表明,31￣45日龄及31￣59日龄的饲料转化率因膨化而显著下降(P<0.01),而且膨化与外源酶的互作效应提高了全期的料肉比(P<0.05),膨化和酶处理对日增重和采食量无影响(P>0.10)。膨化显著提高45日龄十二指肠中麦芽糖酶和59日龄糖化酶的活性(P<0.05),同时膨化显著降低空肠中59日龄所有粘膜二糖酶的活性(P<0.05)、极显著提高空肠中59日龄琢-淀粉酶活性(P<0.01)。外源酶显著提高了胰脏中45日龄琢-淀粉酶、59日龄琢-淀粉酶和糖化酶以及45日龄回肠中海藻糖酶的活性(P<0.05)。互作效应显著影响45日龄胰脏中琢-淀粉酶和十二指肠中麦芽糖酶的活性(P<0.05),同时对59日龄十二指肠糖化酶、异麦芽糖酶,59日龄空肠乳糖酶、异麦芽糖酶和琢-淀粉酶的活性影响显著(P<0.05)。 相似文献
7.
蛋白酶解物对早期断奶仔猪肠黏膜形态和生长性能的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文旨在研究自制蛋白酶解物对早期断奶仔猪生长性能的影响。选用40头健康杜×长×大三元杂交商品仔猪(约3.5 kg/头),随机分为5个处理组(1个对照组,4个试验组),每个处理组设4个重复,每重复2头。对照组添加1.5%血浆蛋白粉,试验1~4组分别添加2%玉米蛋白粉酶解物(HCPP)、豆粕酶解物(HSM)、鱼粉酶解物(HFM)和酵母酶解物(HY)。仔猪14日龄断奶,预试期2 d,正试期14 d。试验测定了早期断奶仔猪生长性能和肠黏膜形态。结果表明:日粮中添加2%酵母酶解物通过保护小肠黏膜的正常形态结构,能有效地提高早期断奶仔猪平均日增重(24.64%,P<0.05)和日采食量(7.80%),并改善饲料转化率(13.68%)。 相似文献
8.
《饲料工业》2017,(12):36-39
为了测定膨化壳聚糖微粒对仔猪养分消化率与肠道消化酶活性的影响,试验选取(杜×长×大)断奶(28日龄)仔猪72头,随机分为4个日粮处理组(设对照组和试验组,对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组分别在基础日粮中添加0.01%、0.02%和0.03%的膨化壳聚糖微粒),每个处理组3个重复,每个重复6头猪,公母各半,预试期7 d,正试期40 d。试验结果表明:0.02%膨化壳聚糖组显著提高了仔猪日粮中粗灰分、磷的表观消化率和小肠中淀粉酶的活性,而显著性降低粗脂肪的表观消化率和小肠中脂肪酶活性(P<0.05)。提示膨化壳聚糖微粒通过影响仔猪小肠内消化酶的活性而改变日粮营养物质表观消化率。 相似文献
9.
《中国饲料》2018,(24)
文章旨在研究断奶仔猪生长早期和后期采用不同结构日粮对其生长性能和营养物质表观消化率的影响。试验选择体重一致、21 d断奶的三元仔猪400头,随机分为5组,每组4个重复,每个重复20头。试验早期(21～42 d)采用5种日粮,处理1组(对照组)为玉米-豆粕-低乳糖-低鱼粉型,处理2组为膨化玉米-豆粕-高乳糖-高鱼粉型,处理3组为玉米-豆粕-高乳糖-高鱼粉型,处理4组为膨化玉米-豆粕-高乳糖-低鱼粉型,处理5组为膨化玉米-豆粕-低鱼粉-高乳糖型。试验后期(43～64 d),将试验早期的猪只按每2个重复(同一组)分别饲喂A和B两种日粮,A为膨化玉米-豆粕-鱼粉-乳清粉型,B为全谷物日粮型。结果 :各组对21～28 d、29～42 d及21～42 d仔猪的平均日增重、平均日采食量和料比均无显著影响(P 0.05)。与处理1组相比,其他各组显著降低了21～28 d、29～42 d及21～42 d仔猪的腹泻指数(P 0.05);试验早期和试验后期日粮对43～64 d仔猪各阶段的生长性能和腹泻指数均无显著影响(P 0.05)。试验早期,与处理1组相比,处理2、4和5组显著提高30 d仔猪有机物的表观消化率(P 0.05);试验后期两种日粮对50 d仔猪有机物、干物质、粗蛋白质及总能表观消化率均无显著差异(P 0.05)。结论 :在本试验条件下,与其他多样性日粮相比,21 d断奶仔猪饲喂玉米-豆粕、低乳糖和低鱼粉型日粮对生长性能无显著影响。断奶仔猪生长后期(43～64 d)日粮采用高蛋白谷物日粮可以促进生长性能。 相似文献
10.
二次制粒加工断奶过渡料对早期断奶仔猪生长性能的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
选用360头21日龄早期断奶仔猪平均分为4组,按制粒工艺、原料膨化预处理不同设计2因素2水平试验,研究二次制粒加工断奶过渡料对早期断奶仔猪生长性能的影响。结果显示:采用二次制粒工艺及膨化玉米、膨化豆粕原料的处理4仔猪,断奶后第一周,有最大的采食量(P<0.05);试验全期断奶14 d中,处理组4仔猪平均日增重最大,生长性能最好。血清尿素氮测定结果显示:断奶后第7天,处理组4仔猪血清尿素氮显著低于其他三组。断奶后第14天,处理组4仔猪血清皮质醇显著低于处理1组。此外,试验全期四个处理组仔猪血清总血糖无显著差异(P>0.05)。表明,在选择膨化玉米与膨化豆粕优质饲料原料的基础上,采用二次制粒工艺,尤其是先将鱼粉与膨化玉米、膨化豆粕进行第一次高温制粒,对降低仔猪断奶应激,改善生长性能有良好的效果。 相似文献
11.
The pH optimum of pancreatic alpha-amylase from grain-fed steers was determined to be 6.9, while that of intestinal maltase was established at 5.8. Both assays were found to be linear up to 1 hr of incubation. The V max of pancreatic amylase was determined to be pancreatic amylase was determined to be 1.15 mg of maltose monohydrate produced/hr. Activities of pancreatic and intestinal maltase were not reduced (P greater than .05) during the interval from sample collection from the animal until analysis 4 hr later when tissues were kept on ice. Twenty-four yearling Holstein steers fed either alfalfa hay at a maintenance level of metabolizable energy (ME) intake or corn at one, two or three times the maintenance ME intake level were slaughtered after being fed 106 days. The pancreas was removed alone with sections of the intestine. Specific activity of pancreatic amylase for steers fed the high level of corn was 129% of that for steers fed the alfalfa diet (P greater than .05). Intestinal maltase activity was highest in the jejunum and decreased toward the ileum. Increasing dietary starch intake resulted in no response (P greater than .05) in maltase activity at 10, 30, 50, 70, or 90% of the small intestine length. The effect of dietary starch level on dieesta pH was dependent on sampling location within the small intestine. There were no dietary effects (P greater than .05) on digesta pH for the first 10% segment of intestine distal to the pylorus. However, in all subsequent sections, digesta pH was higher steers fed the alfalfa diet than for those fed the two higher levels of grain. A calculation for estimating th amount of pancreatic amylase needed to hydrolyze starch presented to small intestine is discussed. 相似文献
12.
Influence of extrusion of corn and broken rice on energy content and growth performance of weaning pigs 
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下载免费PDF全文 Hua Liu Haifeng Wan Shengyu Xu Zhengfeng Fang Yan Lin Lianqiang Che Jian Li Yong Li Xiang Su De Wu 《Animal Science Journal》2016,87(11):1386-1395
Two experiments were conducted to study the effects of extrusion on the energy content of corn and broken rice and on growth performance of weaning pigs. In experiment 1, 24 barrows (28 days old, 7.28 ± 0.90 kg body weight (BW)) were used to compare the effects of extrusion of corn and broken rice on the values of digestible energy (DE) in weaned pigs. The DE content in extruded corn (17.45 MJ/kg dry matter (DM)) was significantly greater (P < 0.05) by 5.54% compared with that in corn (16.48 MJ/kg DM), while no significant difference in DE content was observed between extruded broken rice (17.66 MJ/kg DM) and broken rice (17.76 MJ/kg DM). In experiment 2, 120 weanling pigs (21 days old, 5.76 ± 0.07 kg BW) were used to evaluate the influence of substitution corn and extruded corn by different proportions of raw and extruded broken rice on growth performance of pigs. The inclusion of broken rice in the diets improved (P < 0.05) growth performance of pigs during the first week and the 2 weeks post‐weaning but not thereafter. However, there was no significant difference in growth performance between treatments in other periods. Overall, this study indicates that feeding weaning pigs with broken rice has beneficial results. 相似文献
13.
Effects of age and diet on the development of the pancreas and the synthesis and secretion of pancreatic enzymes in the young pig 总被引：17，自引：0，他引：17
Effects of age and diet composition on amylase, trypsin and chymotrypsin activities in the pancreas and intestinal contents, pancreas weights and body weights were determined from birth to 56 d. A total of 120 pigs, five to seven pigs/litter from 18 litters, were slaughtered at birth, 14, 27, 29, 31, 42 and 56 d. Litters were allotted to dietary treatments (corn-soy, A; corn-soy + 20% dried whey, B; corn-soy + 5% lard, C) and offered these diets as creep feed at 14 d. All pigs were weaned at 28 d, placed in elevated nursery pens and fed their respective diets. Total activities of amylase, trypsin and chymotrypsin in the pancreas and small intestine increased (P less than .05) with age. Both trypsin and amylase activities, measured per kilogram body weight or gram pancreas weight, were low at 29 d in the intestine and increased to 56 d. Pigs on diet B had the highest level of trypsin and chymotrypsin in the intestinal contents (P less than .05). Trypsin activity in the pancreas (units/kg body weight) was lowest (P less than .05) for pigs on diet B and highest (P less than .05) for those on diet C (units/g pancreas and units/kg body weight). Amylase activity (units/kg body weight) was lower (P less than .05) in the pancreas for pigs on diet B than for those on diets A and C. Pigs on diet A had lower (P less than .01) intestinal amylase activities than those on diets B and C. Enzyme activities in the intestinal contents and pancreas were low following weaning. In the pancreas, activities decreased at 31 d.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献
14.
D. Magistrelli L. Pinotti L. Rapetti F. Rosi 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2011,95(1):40-46
Two groups of 3‐day‐old Saanen goat kids (MILK and WMIX) were studied in order to investigate the effect of weaning on plasma ghrelin and insulin and on pancreatic activity. MILK kids received goat milk to age 50 days; WMIX kids were initially fed milk but started weaning at 30 days and were completely weaned by 48 days. Dry matter intake and body weights were recorded, and plasma samples were analysed for metabolites, ghrelin, insulin, leptin and α‐amylase. At 50 days, all the animals were slaughtered, pancreas samples were analysed for α‐amylase, zymogen, DNA and ribosomal capacity (RNA/zymogen). Seven days after the beginning of the weaning program, dry matter intake in the WMIX group began to decrease in relation to the MILK group. Nonetheless, body weight did not differ throughout the study period. Weaning significantly decreased plasma levels of glucose, amino acids, urea and insulin, but increased creatinine and ghrelin. In weaning kids ghrelin secretion may help minimize the negative consequences of the new diet on dry matter intake. Pancreatic zymogen and ribosomal capacity did not differ between the groups, whereas pancreatic amylase activity was over three times higher in MILK than WMIX kids even though the former had no dietary starch. This finding could be a consequence of lower pancreatic secretion of amylase in the MILK group due to the lack of dietary starch, resulting in pancreatic accumulation, but could also be due to higher plasma insulin in the MILK group, suggesting a role for insulin in the functional development of the pancreas in weaning goats. 相似文献
15.
Two experiments were conducted to study the effects of extrusion of Chinese storage brown rice and of exogenous enzymes supplementation to diets containing Chinese storage brown rice on the carbohydrase activity in digestive tract of piglets. In Experiment 1, 96 weaned piglets [initially 6.95 ± 0.05 kg body weight (BW)] were used in a 2 × 2 factorial design, the animals were fed the diets containing extruded Chinese storage brown rice or non‐treated Chinese storage brown rice and supplemented with or without exogenous enzymes. Each treatment had six replicate pens and four piglets in each pen. The results demonstrated that extrusion significantly increased (p < 0.05) the activity of duodenal maltase after 14 days of treatment and glucoamylase after 28 days of treatment, jejunal lactase, maltase, isomaltase, sucrase and α‐amylase after 28 days of treatment, and jejunal α‐amylase after 14 days of treatment; enzyme supplementation positively influenced (p < 0.05) the activity of pancreatic α‐amylase after 14 and 28 days of treatment, pancreatic glucoamylase after 28 days of treatment and ileal trehalase after 14 days of treatment. Similarly, interaction between extrusion and enzyme addition existed after 14 days of treatment on the activity of pancreatic α‐amylase and duodenal maltase and on the activity of duodenal glucoamylase and isomaltase, jejunal α‐amylase, lactase, maltase, isomaltase and jejunal α‐amylase after 28 days of treatment. In Experiment 2, six piglets (initially 21 ± 1.85 kg BW) fitted with ileal ‘T’‐cannulas in a 6 × 6 Latin Square Design were used to study the effects of extrusion and addition of exogenous enzymes on ileal carbohydrase activity and nutrients digestibility. The results showed that exogenous enzymes significantly (p < 0.05) increased ileal α‐amylase, glucoamylase and trehalase activity. The interaction between extrusion and enzyme supplementation had positive effect (p < 0.05) on the ileal lactase, cellobiase and sucrase activity. 相似文献
16.
酵母培养物对绒山羊机体免疫指标的影响 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
本研究旨在观察酵母培养物(yeast culture,YC)对绒山羊机体免疫指标的影响。选用12只健康的内蒙古白绒山羊半同胞羯羊,按体重配对原则分为4组。其中A1、A3处理组饲喂精粗比为3∶7的基础日粮,B1、B2处理组饲喂精粗比为2∶8的基础日粮。采用自身对照试验方法,对照期饲喂基础日粮,试验期在基础日粮上分别添加不同水平的酵母培养物。各处理组日粮中YC添加量分别为A1:2.0%、A3:3.0%、B1:2.0%和B2:2.5%。分别在对照期最后1天、添加YC的第15天、第45天测定绒山羊机体免疫指标。结果表明:对照期、添加YC后的第15天和第45天,各处理组间血液IgA、IgG、T淋巴细胞亚群CD4 、CD8 比例以及CD4 /CD8 的比值间均无显著差异(P>0.05)。添加YC后的第15天和第45天,A3和B1处理组血清IgA含量极显著高于对照期(P<0.01),B2处理组血清IgG含量显著高于对照期(P<0.05)。各处理组T淋巴细胞亚群中CD4 的比例在添加YC后第15天略有升高(P>0.05);CD8 的比例在试验期第15天略有下降(P>0.05);CD4 /CD8 的比值在添加YC第15天均有较大幅度提高(P>0.05)。添加YC后第45天3个指标均恢复到对照期水平。结果表明,添加YC可以显著增加绒山羊血清IgA含量,并提高血清IgG含量;在添加YC初期机体外周血CD4 /CD8 比例有升高的趋势. 相似文献
17.
Twenty Merino lambs of four age groups (1 day, 2, 4 and 7 weeks) and 8 adult Merino wethers were killed. The development of pancreatic and gastrointestinal enzymes was followed by determining RNase, amylase, lipase, trypsin, chymotrypsin and total proteolytic (azocaseinase) activity. Pancreatic protein content, rumen and abomasal pH and abomasal clotting time were also determined. Pancreatic RNase was already present in the newborn lambs and significantly rose in the first 2 weeks of life and before reaching adult values. The increase was more marked and went to higher adult values than in the pig (Baintner and Farkas, 1989). The time-course resembled that of pancreatic amylase and chymotrypsin; pancreatic trypsin and azocaseinase also showed some similarities, but pancreatic lipase had a different time course. Small intestinal RNase also changed differently; it showed a maximum at 4 weeks and had trends opposite to total proteolytic activity, indicating partial digestion of the enzyme by intestinal proteases. Rumen and caecal RNase activities may be indicative of microbial growth and fermentation rate; they showed mostly opposite tendencies in the two localities. In contrast to the pig (Baintner and Farkas, 1989), pancreatic and small intestinal trypsin:chymotrypsin ratios did not show significant increase during development in sheep. 相似文献
18.
The current study was conducted to investigate the effects of high dietary concentrations of Zn as zinc oxide and Cu as copper sulfate on the activity of digestive enzymes in the pancreas and the intestinal mucosa, intestinal morphology, and mucin histochemistry in pigs after weaning. Thirty-two pigs were weaned at 4 wk of age. The pigs were fed standard weaning diets supplemented with Zn (100 or 2,500 ppm) and Cu (0 or 175 ppm) in a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement of treatments for a 14-d period. In pancreatic tissue, the activity of amylase, carboxypeptidase A, chymotrypsin, trypsin, and lipase increased (P < 0.01) in pigs fed 2,500 ppm of Zn, whereas the activity of carboxypeptidase B and carboxylester hydrolase was unaffected. Copper had no effect on the activity of pancreatic enzymes. In small intestinal contents, the total activity of amylase and carboxypeptidase A was greater in pigs fed 100 ppm of Zn (P < 0.05), whereas feeding 2,500 ppm of Zn increased the chymotrypsin activity (P < 0.001). The remaining enzymes were unaffected by dietary Zn concentration. The villi were longer in the cranial small intestine (P < 0.001) in pigs fed 100 ppm of Zn than in pigs fed 2,500 ppm of Zn, but otherwise there were no clear effects of Zn and Cu supplementation on intestinal morphology. In the cranial small intestine, the activity of maltase (P < 0.001), sucrase (P < 0.001), and lactase was greater in pigs fed 100 ppm of Zn, even though there was a Zn x Cu interaction (P < 0.05) in lactase activity. In the middle and caudal small intestine, no clear differences between dietary treatments were observed. The activity of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase in the intestinal mucosa was not affected by dietary Zn or Cu. In pigs fed 100 ppm of Zn, the activity of aminopeptidase N was greater in the caudal small intestine, but dietary Zn or Cu had no effect on aminopeptidase N in the cranial and middle small intestine. No effect of dietary Zn or Cu supplementation was found on carbohydrate histochemistry in the caudal small intestine, whereas high dietary Zn increased the area of neutral, acidic, and sulfomucins in the cecum (P < 0.01) and in the colon (P < 0.001). In summary, high dietary Zn increased the activity of several enzymes in the pancreatic tissue and increased the mucin staining area in the large intestine, whereas Cu had no clear effect on these variables. However, no definite answers were found as to how the growth promoting and diarrhea reducing effects of excess dietary Zn are exerted. 相似文献
19.
本试验旨在研究不同淀粉源饲粮对肉仔鸡小肠消化酶活性、盲肠挥发性脂肪酸含量和微生物菌群的影响。选取1日龄健康爱拔益加(AA)肉仔鸡480只,随机分为5组,每组8个重复,每个重复12只鸡。5组分别饲喂玉米淀粉、豌豆淀粉、木薯淀粉、高粱淀粉和小麦淀粉配制的半纯合等氮等能饲粮,5组饲粮总淀粉水平一致。试验期21 d。结果表明:1)与玉米淀粉组、木薯淀粉组和小麦淀粉组相比,豌豆淀粉组肉仔鸡盲肠食糜中乙酸、丙酸和总挥发性脂肪酸含量显著提高(P<0.05),高粱淀粉组盲肠食糜中总挥发性脂肪酸含量显著提高(P<0.05)。2)高粱淀粉组肉仔鸡空肠食糜淀粉酶活性显著高于其他各组(P<0.05),木薯淀粉组肉仔鸡空肠和回肠食糜脂肪酶活性以及空肠黏膜脂肪酶、淀粉酶活性显著高于其他各组(P<0.05)。3)拟杆菌门、厚壁菌门、变形菌门和柔膜菌门是肉仔鸡盲肠的优势菌门。与小麦淀粉组、豌豆淀粉组和高粱淀粉组相比,木薯淀粉组和玉米淀粉组厚壁菌门相对丰度显著提高(P<0.05)。与玉米淀粉组、高粱淀粉组和小麦淀粉组相比,豌豆淀粉组的拟杆菌门、柔膜菌门、拟杆菌属和Odoribacter相对丰度显著提高(P<0.05),变形菌门、Melainabacteria、肠杆菌科未定义属、肠球菌属和副拟杆菌属(Parabacteroides)相对丰度显著降低(P<0.05)。综上所述,淀粉来源影响肉仔鸡的小肠消化酶活性,改变盲肠的发酵模式及微生物菌群,豌豆淀粉、木薯淀粉、玉米淀粉饲粮可增加肉仔鸡盲肠中的产酸菌群,促进微生物发酵,改善肠道菌群结构,促进有益菌生长。 相似文献