首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
江枝和  翁伯琦  林勇  黄挺俊  肖淑霞 《核农学报》2004,18(6):465-467,488
通过采用非生物学评价法对姬松茸突变株J3 和原菌株J1不同代数蛋白质的营养评价进行研究 ,结果表明 :在M1和M6姬松茸突变株J3 子实体中有 5项蛋白质指标比原菌株J1高 ,M4和M5有 4项蛋白质指标比原菌株J1高 ,M2 、M3 的子实体 6项蛋白质指标均比原菌株J1高 ,由此说明60 Coγ辐射诱变的姬松茸突变株J3 子实体蛋白质的营养评价优于原菌株J1。姬松茸突变株J3 除氨基酸比值系数分指标外 ,其它 5项指标在不同代数间的变化不大 ,说明姬松茸突变株J3 子实体的蛋白质营养的遗传效应较稳定。  相似文献   

2.
翁伯琦  江枝和  林勇  黄挺俊  肖淑霞 《核农学报》2004,18(6):462-464,422
对姬松茸突变株J5子实体蛋白质营养价值进行评价研究。结果表明 ,姬松茸突变株J5子实体蛋白质所含 9种人体必需氨基酸占氨基酸总量的 48 2 0 % ,其化学评分为 5 8 1 0 ,氨基酸评分为 88 60 ,必需氨基酸指数为 89 94,生物价为 86 2 9,营养指数为 2 9 1 5 ,均高于姬松茸原菌株J1子实体相对应的评价值 ,但氨基酸比值系数分 ( 39 48)则低于原菌株J1的相应值。整体评价证实 ,经60 Coγ射线辐射诱变后的姬松茸突变株J5子实体的蛋白质营养价值比原菌株J1高。  相似文献   

3.
核桃EST-SSR标记的开发   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  
从GenBank数据库上公布的5025条核桃（Juglans regia）EST序列中,用SSRHunter软件搜索到485条EST序列中含有540个SSR,SSR出现频率为10.75%,SSR-ESTs检出率为9.7%。利用检出的SSR-ESTs序列设计SSR引物43对,对6个核桃样品、1个黑核桃（J. nigra）样品和1个核桃楸（J. mandshurica）样品进行了PCR扩增,其中40对引物有扩增带,占设计引物的93%,35对引物有多态性,占可扩增引物的87.5%。在有多态性的35对引物中,27对引物在核桃种内有多态性;8对引物在核桃种内无多态性,而在核桃、核桃楸和黑核桃种间有多态性。应用UPGMA方法对检测样品进行聚类分析,结果与传统分类一致。  相似文献   

4.
Book reviews     
Books reviewed in this article.
Marshall, T. J., Holmes, J. W. and Rose, C. W. Soil Physics.
Baize D. and Girard M.-C. (eds) Référential Pédologique 1995.
Jabiol, B., Brêthes, A., Ponge, J.-F., Toutain, F. and Brun, J.-J. L'humus sous toutes ses formes.
Collins, M. E., Carter, B. J., Gladfelter, B. J., and Southard, R. J. (eds) Pedological Perspectives in Archaeological Research.
Magdoff, F. R., Tabatabai, M. A. and Hanlon, E. A. (eds) Soil Organic Matter: Analysis and Interpretation.  相似文献   

5.
掌握麦秆、绿肥混合腐解和养分释放规律,对于青藏高原东部农区的地力培育和减肥增效具有重要意义。该研究在田间设置麦秆、箭筈豌豆、低量和高量麦秆与箭筈豌豆混合4个处理,研究有机物料的腐解和养分释放规律。结果表明,各处理下有机物料的腐解呈现前期快后期慢的变化规律,至腐解结束,麦秆、箭筈豌豆、低量和高量麦秆与绿肥混合处理的累积腐解率分别为51.5%、82.2%、78.6%和75.2%,氮素释放率分别为21.3%、81.5%、79.3%和79.0%,磷素释放率分别为60.1%、76.2%、74.2%和82.2%。物料中氮素和钾素释放主要集中在填埋后0～33 d,占总释放量的70%～83%和95%以上。箭筈豌豆磷素释放主要集中于0～33d,麦秆主要在0～97d。双库指数衰减模型可以很好地表征物料腐解过程的干物质量、氮素和磷素的残留过程,方程的决定系数大于0.93。物料混合显著提高了氮素的易分解比例(P0.01),延长了易分解氮素的平均周转周期,低量和高量麦秆与箭筈豌豆混合的氮素易分解比例分别比预测值提高了14%和25%,周转天数延长了5和6 d。高量麦秆与绿肥混合使磷素的易分解比例提高了21%。物料混合显著改善了氮素和磷素的释放特征,其中高量麦秆和绿肥混合提高了氮素和磷素的可利用率,延长了氮素释放周期,更有利于后茬作物的吸收利用。研究结果可为青藏高原东部农区秸秆还田的实施提供理论和技术指导。  相似文献   

6.
In the present study, the migration of nematodes was studied in columns filled with three materials of different textures and chemical properties. The role of soil pores that enable root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) second stage juveniles (J2) to escape rapid water flow in soil was demonstrated using columns filled with glass beads, sand or andisol that maintained a constant water flow. Under a constant flow flux of 36 cm h−1, living J2, dead J2 or anion bromine tracer (Br−) was injected in the middle of the column and then drainage water equivalent to two pore volumes (PV) was collected. The passive transport of the anion tracer in water flow could be explained by a convection dispersion equation. The dead J2 showed a pattern similar to that of Br−. However, the living J2 resisted movement in the water flow and remained in the column even at the highest water flow rate of 93.3 cm h−1 in glass beads. The mobility of living J2 was affected by the filling materials; the number of J2 passing through the column was much lower in the andisol-filled column than in the other two columns but the total number of J2 in drainage water was 5% or less of the number injected for all columns. We suggest that J2 were affected not only by soil water flow but also by soil pore structure and have the ability of withstanding or avoiding movement in soil water flow.  相似文献   

7.
四川盆地紫色母岩养分风化释放   总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11  
Purplish soils having high fertility with mineral nutrients inherited from the parent rock are widely distributed in the hills along the Yangtze River, especially in the Sichuan Basin. Pot and field weathering experiments were conducted to mimic rock weathering and nutrient release processes in order to better understand soil fertility and nutrient compensation. Three types of purplish rock formations formed in the Jurassic period, Shaximiao （J2s）, Suining （J3s）, and Penglaizhen （J3P）, as well as one type formed in the Cretaceous period, the Chengqiangyan group （K1c）, were used in this study. Results showed that the soil formation rate was in the range from 11.2 to 19.6 mm every year, and rock weathering was in the order of J3s 〉 J3P 〉 J2s 〉 K1c. Because more rock surface was exposed to sunlight and rainfall in field conditions, pot weathering was slower than field weathering. Nutrient release rates increased with rock weathering and was in the order similar to that of rock weathering： J3P 〉 J3s 〉 J2s 〉 K1c. Potassium release was the most important in all rocks; after 2 years of weathering, 19.4% to 46.9% of K was released from the initial parent rocks, which suggested that K release from weathering could meet most of the crop K requirement in purplish soils. Thus, rapid release of nutrients from weathering of purplish rocks was key to nutrient replenishment and fertility of purplish soils.  相似文献   

8.
In Korea, Orostachys japonicus has been used traditionally as a drug and health food. The aim of this study was to investigate possible inhibitory effects of O. japonicus extracts on the formation of N-nitrosodimethylamines (NDMA). Chloroform extraction was the most effective method for recovering the highest number of phenolic compounds and flavonoids; in these extracts the greatest nitrite-scavenging activity and inhibition of NDMA formation occurred at pH 2.5. The chloroform extract was separated into 10 fractions (J1-J10); fraction J4 inhibited NDMA formation by 90.1 +/- 0.4%. This fraction was then separated into five subfractions (J4-1-J4-5) using a silica gel column. Subfractions J4-2 [(+)-catechin] and J4-4 (3,4-dihdroxybenzoic acid) inhibited NDMA formation by 89.5 +/- 0.9 and 77.6 +/- 0.8%, respectively.  相似文献   

9.
川中丘陵区城墙岩群和蓬莱镇组紫色岩上土壤性质研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
采用野外调查、取样和室内实验分析相结合的方法,研究了川中丘陵区白垩系城墙岩群(K1cg)和侏罗系蓬莱镇组(J3p)两种紫色母岩上土壤理化性质特征和差异,结果表明:两种紫色岩母质发育的土壤粘粒含量低,而砂粒含量高;土壤有机质和氮素含量低,而矿质养分含量丰富;在相同的地形部位上,J3p发育的土壤粘粒、全钾、速效钾和速效磷含量高于K1cg发育的土壤,而K1cg发育的土壤pH和土壤全磷均高于J3p发育的土壤,两种紫色岩母质形成的土壤有机质和氮素差异不明显。从丘顶到丘脚,土层逐渐增厚,土壤粘粒含量逐渐递增,砂粒含量逐渐递减;土壤有机质及各种矿质养分含量均呈递增趋势。  相似文献   

10.
The energy content of the mycoparasite Sporidesmium sclerotivorum mycelium was 18,389 J g?1 and 16,334 J g?1 for macroconidia on a dry weight basis. The energy content of Sclerotinia minor sclerotia, the host of the mycoparasite, was 16,485 J g?1. In liquid culture, the economic coefficient for the conversion of glucose to mycelium (mycelial dry wt ÷ glucose consumed × 100) was 51–60 whereas the mycelial energy coefficient, [mycelial energy (J) ÷ substrate energy (J) × 100] was 65–75. In soil, the conidial energy coefficient [conidial energy (J) ÷ substrate energy (J) × 100] for the conversion of host sclerotial energy to the macroconidia of the mycoparasite was 19.8, which was 2–9 times that for the conversion of glucose in liquid culture. The conidial energy coefficient when grown on a liquid medium on vermiculite was 23.0. S. sclerotivorum, as an obligate parasite of sclerotia in soil, was most efficient in the conversion of energy in a system where there was a high surface: energy ratio. In liquid culture S. sclerotivorum is more efficient than most other fungi.  相似文献   

11.
The effect of salinity on Jatropha curcas (J. curcas), native to nonsaline humid areas, and Jatropha cinerea (J. cinerea), native to saline dry areas, was compared to assess the potential of cultivating J. curcas for biodiesel production in saline soils that are not suitable for food production. Growth parameters, water relations, chlorophyll content, and stomatal conductance of both species under salinity were measured. Dry weight of both species decreased with increasing concentrations of salt; however, both species can grow at salinities up to ?100 mM sodium chloride (NaCl). Decline of stomatal conductance was one of the main factors causing reduction in growth of Jatropha spp. Growth of J. curcas was inhibited more than that of J. cinerea by decline in growth parameters and chlorophyll content, but J. curcas shows sufficient hardiness to be cultivated in moderately saline soils with more favorable water relations.  相似文献   

12.
沙漠微生物群落功能多样性分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
以宁夏回族自治区沙坡头地区的沙漠微生物群落为研究对象,采用Biolog方法研究了已固定沙丘结皮(J1)及结皮下层(J2),半流动沙丘上层(L1)和下层(L2)中微生物群落的功能多样性。结果表明,J1的微生物群落活性最高,J2的微生物群落次之,再次为L2的微生物群落,最后为L1的微生物群落;J1,J2,L1和L2的微生物群落对羧酸类、聚合物类和氨基酸类碳源的利用表现一致,对糖类、胺/氨类和双亲化合物类碳源的利用表现不同;利用ECO板上31种碳源进行主成分分析得出,PC1,PC2和PC3特征值的贡献率为分别为70.16%,19.23%,10.61%。研究结果表明:(1)经过固沙后的微生物群落活性明显高于半流动沙漠微生物群落的活性;(2)微生物群落结构上的差异致使其对6类碳源的利用方式不同;(3)主成分分析表明沙漠微生物群落对羧酸类、糖类和氨基酸类碳源的利用最高,主要利用碳源有22种。  相似文献   

13.
Book reviewed in this article:
BLACKIE, J. R. and others. Environmental effects of deforestation. An annotated bibliography .
BROGAN, J. C. (ed.) Nitrogen losses and surface run-offfrom landspreading of manures .
BUOL, S. W., HOLE, F. D. and McCRACKEN, R. J. Soil genesb and classification .
DAVIES, B. E. (ed) Applied soil trace elements .
FOLLETT, R. H., MURPHY, L. S. and DONAHUE, R. F. Fertilizers and soil amendments .
GREENLAND, D. J. and HAYES, M. H. B. (eds) The chemistry of soil processes .
HAY, R. K. M. Chemistry for agriculture and ecology .
INSTITUTE FOR LAND AND WATER MANAGEMENT RESEARCH. Research Digest 1980 compiled and edited by E. W. Schierbeek
MONTEITH, J. and WEBB, C. (eds) Soil water and nitrogen in Mediterranean type environments .
PETERSON, F. F. Landforms of the basin and range province defined for soil survey .
REICHLE, D. E. (ed.) Dynamic properties of forest ecosystems .
STUCKI, J. W. and BANWART, W. L. (eds) Advanced chemical methods for soil and clay minerals research .
TROEH, F. R. HOBBS, J. A. and DONAHUE, R. L. Soil and water conservation for productivity and enironmenral prorection .
U.S. DEPARTMENT O F THE INTERIOR. Drainage manual. A water resources technical publication .
NEW Journal : Soil Survey and Land Evaluation.  相似文献   

14.
《CATENA》2006,65(2-3):272-280
Although some simple erosive processes like soil creep or tillage redistribution may be satisfactorily described by linear diffusive equations, the complexity of erosion phenomena requires the use of more complete nonlinear equations. Roering et al. [Roering, J.J., Kichner, J.W., Dietrich, W.E., 1999. Evidence for nonlinear, diffusive transport on hillslopes and implications for landscape morphology. Water Resour. Res., 35 853–870.] have proposed a single test, based on the relationship between the curvature and gradient of a hillslope, rather then using a linear diffusion equation. Nevertheless this test, based on steady state conditions, is not complete as it is shown in this work with a counter-example. The hillslope profile used by Roering et al. [Roering, J.J., Kichner, J.W., Dietrich, W.E., 1999. Evidence for nonlinear, diffusive transport on hillslopes and implications for landscape morphology. Water Resour. Res., 35 853–870.], (Fig. 2) can be generated either by a linear diffusion equation under transient conditions or a nonlinear diffusion equation under steady state conditions. Additional information on the soil profile changes would give a more complete interpretation of the hillslope evolution.  相似文献   

15.
Although some simple erosive processes like soil creep or tillage redistribution may be satisfactorily described by linear diffusive equations, the complexity of erosion phenomena requires the use of more complete nonlinear equations. Roering et al. [Roering, J.J., Kichner, J.W., Dietrich, W.E., 1999. Evidence for nonlinear, diffusive transport on hillslopes and implications for landscape morphology. Water Resour. Res., 35 853–870.] have proposed a single test, based on the relationship between the curvature and gradient of a hillslope, rather then using a linear diffusion equation. Nevertheless this test, based on steady state conditions, is not complete as it is shown in this work with a counter-example. The hillslope profile used by Roering et al. [Roering, J.J., Kichner, J.W., Dietrich, W.E., 1999. Evidence for nonlinear, diffusive transport on hillslopes and implications for landscape morphology. Water Resour. Res., 35 853–870.], (Fig. 2) can be generated either by a linear diffusion equation under transient conditions or a nonlinear diffusion equation under steady state conditions. Additional information on the soil profile changes would give a more complete interpretation of the hillslope evolution.  相似文献   

16.
通过常规生产床栽,对比研究姬松茸60Co辐射新菌株J3和原菌株J1在营养品质以及重金属含量和农药残留情况。结果表明,姬松茸60Co辐射新菌株J3子实体中鲜味氨基酸总量（56.5g.kg-1）、甜味氨基酸总量（52.4g.kg-1）、硫氨基酸总量（15.8g.kg-1）、支链氨基酸总量（38.1g.kg-1）、芳香族氨基酸总量（16.1g.kg-1）、儿童氨基酸总量（17.8g.kg-1）、必需氨基酸总量（95g.kg-1）,分别占氨基酸总量（221.7g.kg-1）的25.48%、23.64%、7.13%、17.19%、7.26%、8.03%和42.85%,分别比姬松茸J1高28.12%、12.93%、0%、14.41%、12.59%、16.34%和11.76%。J3的多不饱和脂肪酸（76.15%）和不饱和脂肪酸（77.55%）分别比姬松茸原菌株J1高4.39%和3.82%。J3子实体含镉（3.86mg.kg-1）、汞（0.42mg.kg-1）和砷（0.09mg.kg-1）,也分别比原菌株J1低45.86%、32.25%和18.18%;其铅含量符合国家食用菌卫生标准GB7096—2003;砷含量符合国家绿色食品食用菌NY/T749—2003的标准。子实体中联苯菊酯、溴氰菊酯、百菌清、六六六、多菌灵、阿维菌素、甲基托布津、甲胺磷、毒死蜱、滴滴涕和二氧化硫含量均符合国家绿色食品食用菌NY/T749—2003的标准。  相似文献   

17.
Nemarioc-AL and Nemafric-BL phytonematicides consistently reduced populations of plant-parasitic nematodes. The contribution of juvenile hatch inhibition to the overall reduction of the nematode numbers by the two phytonematicides, with cucurbitacin A and B as active ingredients, respectively, remains undocumented. The objectives of this study were to examine (i) the response of Meloidogyne incognita second-stage juveniles (J2) hatch to increasing concentration of cucurbitacins A and B, (ii) the potential saturation of J2 hatch when exposed to cucurbitacins for extended incubation periods, (iii) the minimum inhibition concentration for J2 hatch and (iv) the reversibility of J2 hatch inhibition.. Eggs of M. incognita were exposed to a series of purified cucurbitacin A and B concentrations over five incubation periods of 24, 48, 72?h and extended incubation periods of 7 and 10 days. Methanol-dissolved cucurbitacin A and B were each diluted and pipetted into well-plates making 11 concentrations, ranging from 0.0 to 2.5 µg.ml?1 water solvent. Juvenile counts were made after 24, 48 and 72?h, with those for saturation assessed at 7 and 10 days. Thereafter, treatments were diluted five times, incubated again for 5 days and counted to establish reversibility of J2 hatch inhibition. In all incubation periods, treatment effects were highly significant (P?≤?0.01), with J2 hatch and cucurbitacin concentrations exhibiting quadratic relations. Minimum inhibition concentrations of the two cucurbitacins were between 1.13 and 1.40?µg.ml?1. Treatment effects for reversibility to J2 hatch inhibition were not significant (P?>?0.05). In conclusion, J2 hatch inhibition could be one of the waysthrough which the two phytonematicides reduced population densities of Meloidogyne species.  相似文献   

18.
Jatropha tanjorensis Ellis & Saroja, a species found abundantly in Tanjore, Pudukottai, Trichirapalli and Ramnad districts of Tamil Nadu state, India and grown as a fence plant showed intermediacy in phenotypic characters of J. curcas L. and J. gossypifolia L. A detailed survey at its place of occurrence supplemented with data employed from cytological and peroxidase isozyme studies revealed that J. tanjorensis is a natural interspecific hybrid between these two species. Since there was no seed set, propagation through tissue culture using leaf discs was attempted.  相似文献   

19.
In Mexico and all over the world, the number of studies on the species of the Jatropha genus has increased because of the use of its seed oil to produce biodiesel. However, the knowledge of the taxonomy, distribution, and ethnobotany of these and related species is incomplete. This article presents the distribution of the genus in Mexico according to its internationally accepted taxonomic identity. The distribution is linked to environmental variables such as elevation, climate type, soil, and soil moisture patterns. In addition to showing the current taxonomical knowledge in Mexico, this article discusses its biogeography, its traditional uses and the research lines to follow in further study of the genus. The distribution results show that some species are broadly adapted; as a consequence, they are present in many different environments. Species such as J. dioica, J. curcas, J. cordata, J. cinerea and J. gaumeri are distributed in areas with well defined environmental conditions. However, the distribution of species such as J. riojae has not yet been ascertained. Three areas with high species richness were identified, and they are very important for the study and conservation of the genus. Mexico is a global center of diversity for this genus. Food and medicinal uses have been reported for some species. This article concludes with recommendations for further study to improve the knowledge of this genus in Mexico.  相似文献   

20.
紫色土容许侵蚀量的定位试验确定   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  
容许侵蚀量（T值）是土壤侵蚀程度分级和评价水土保持措施有效性的基础。应用以物质循环理论为基础的Barth模型,估算了不同母质类型,不同种植植被和不同土层厚度下的成土速率,并在田间定位试验点测定了这3种不同处理条件下的成土速率。研究结果表明,用Barth模型估算的成土速率,与田间测定值比较,总体上明显偏小;而且,它所确定的成土速率主要与径流量相关（R=0．6396,P=0．0504）。田间测定的成土速率,在不同的条件下差异明显,并都反映出了一定的变化规律;综合考虑田间不同试验条件下的成土速率并分析转换,确定四川丘陵区沙溪庙组和蓬莱镇组紫色土的T值为1200t／（km^2·a）,遂宁组的T值为800t／（km^2·a）。  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号