共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 218 毫秒
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氮素形态对海州香薷（Elsholtzia splendens）铜吸收和积累的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用营养液培养的方法研究两种氮源（NH4NO3与(NH4)2SO4）对海州香薷生长及体内铜吸收和积累的影响。结果表明,与(NH4)2SO4为氮源相比,NH4NO3处理明显促进海州香薷根部与地上部的生长,并且铜处理浓度增加至200 ?mol/L时,两种氮源对海州香薷的根系干物质量仍有一定的提高作用,但硝铵态氮的提高程度大于铵态氮处理。而且,两种氮源对铜吸收与积累也有不同的影响：NH4NO3处理海州香薷体内（地上部分和根系）铜的积累量明显高于(NH4)2SO4处理。两种氮源供应下,随着铜水平的提高,海州香薷体内铜含量随之提高,但地下部分铜的含量远高于地上部分。不论在何种铜水平下,地下部与地上部铜含量之比（R/S）均为NH4NO3＞(NH4)2SO4。 相似文献
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NaCl胁迫对胡卢巴幼苗抗氧化酶活性和丙二醛含量的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以胡卢巴幼苗为试验材料,研究NaCl胁迫下胡卢巴幼苗叶和根中抗氧化酶SOD、POD、CAT活性及丙二醛(MDA)含量的变化。结果表明:随着NaCl处理浓度的升高,SOD、POD、CAT活性总体呈现先上升后下降的趋势,MDA含量则呈上升趋势。叶片中抗氧化酶活性在NaCl浓度为1.0%时达到峰值,根中抗氧化酶活性在NaCl浓度为0.5%时达到峰值。在0.5%的NaCl浓度处理下,随着处理时间的延长,3种抗氧化酶协同作用,使MDA含量减少并控制在较稳定的阶段。可见,盐胁迫下胡卢幼苗可通过提高抗氧化酶活性,降低膜质过氧化水平,减缓盐胁迫对植株的伤害,从而增强其耐盐性。 相似文献
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高温胁迫对景天植物膜脂过氧化及保护酶活性的影响 总被引：6，自引：2，他引：4
研究高温胁迫对景天植物的膜脂过氧化程度及保护酶活性的影响。以5种景天植物为试材,进行45℃/30℃（白13 h/昼11 h）高温胁迫,高温胁迫前及胁迫后每5天取叶片测定相关生理指标,分析膜脂过氧化程度及保护酶活性的变化。随着高温胁迫程度加重,5种景天植物的O2.-产生速率和MDA含量持续上升,耐热性强的景天植物O2.-产生速率上升慢、MDA含量积累少;胁迫过程中,5种景天植物的SOD、POD、CAT活性均高于胁迫前,说明高温胁迫诱导3种酶活性增强,3种酶活性在整个胁迫过程中呈现先升后降的趋势,耐热性强的景天植物SOD、POD、CAT活性增幅高。高温胁迫下通过增强SOD、POD、CAT活性以减轻膜脂过氧化程度是景天植物适应高温胁迫的重要生理机制。 相似文献
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幼苗期淹水胁迫及喷施烯效唑对小豆生理和产量的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为探究幼苗期淹水胁迫及喷施烯效唑(S3307)对小豆(Vigna angularis)生理代谢和产量的影响,本研究于2018—2019年以龙小豆4号和天津红为试验材料,盆栽条件下,苗期进行预喷施S3307,同时连续淹水处理5 d并每天取样,测定分析相关生理指标。结果表明,幼苗期淹水胁迫引起小豆叶片H2O2和MDA含量、脯氨酸和可溶性蛋白含量显著提高,ABA、IAA和SA含量显著提高,SOD、POD和CAT活性显著提高,淹水处理5 d导致龙小豆4号单盆产量显著下降8.40%~12.61%,天津红显著下降9.91%~10.01%。S3307具有抵御淹水胁迫的作用,能有效增加小豆叶片脯氨酸和可溶性蛋白含量,显著降低H2O2和MDA含量,能够显著提高SOD和POD活性以及SOD/POD、SOD/CAT,显著增加ABA和SA含量,并显著抑制IAA含量的上升。喷施S3307使淹水4 d的龙小豆4号产量显著提高2.85%~6.18%,使天津红淹水4 d的产量显著提高2.85%~3.95%。综上,淹水胁迫下,不同品种小豆在活性氧物质积累、膜质过氧化、抗氧化酶活性以及激素水平等方面的生理应激存在显著差异;喷施S3307能够有效缓解淹水胁迫对小豆生理和产量的影响。本研究结果为进一步研究小豆苗期抵御淹水胁迫的生理机制及提高淹水胁迫下小豆的产量提供理论依据。 相似文献
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为了探讨光周期对低温胁迫下黄瓜幼苗膜脂过氧化水平和抗氧化酶活性等生理指标的影响。以25℃和10℃ 2种温度处理黑夜补光0,3,6,9,12 h的黄瓜幼苗,研究不同光周期对黄瓜幼苗生理指标的影响。结果表明,2种温度处理条件下,黄瓜幼苗叶片中叶绿体色素含量、可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白含量、CAT和POD活性都是随补光时间的延长而升高,而电解质相对渗漏率和MDA含量随补光时间的延长而下降。与25℃相比较,低温（10℃）处理降低黄瓜幼苗叶绿体色素含量,提高电解质相对渗漏率,MDA、可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白含量,CAT和POD活性;其中,光周期越长,黄瓜幼苗叶片叶绿体色素含量,电解质相对渗漏率和MDA含量的变化幅度越小,可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白含量,CAT和POD活性的变化幅度越大。延长光照时间可通过促进低温胁迫下黄瓜幼苗叶片可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖的大量积累和抗氧化酶活性的提高,来降低膜脂过氧化水平,从而增强黄瓜幼苗的抗冷性。 相似文献
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以小麦幼苗为试验材料,研究不同浓度的Cd3+对其膜脂过氧化及抗氧化系统的影响。结果表明,随着胁迫时间的延长,SOD活性和VC含量先升后降,但在同一胁迫时间里随着Cd3+处理浓度的升高,2者呈逐渐下降的趋势;随着胁迫时间的增加,CAT和POD活性逐渐降低,叶绿素和蛋白质含量也随之逐渐下降,而膜脂过氧化产物(MDA)过量积累,膜透性(电导率)逐渐增大,且电导率在45℃时大于室温的导电率。 相似文献
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外源茉莉酸对高温胁迫下的红掌幼苗的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
研究了外源茉莉酸对高温胁迫下红掌幼苗叶片热致死时间、膜质过氧化以及抗氧化物酶活性的影响。结果表明：1mmol/L的外源JA可以最大限度地提高38℃高温胁迫下的红掌叶片的热致死时间;外施JA可以提高高温胁迫下的红掌叶片的POD活性、SOD活性;降低MDA和O2－-含量;不同时间高温锻炼下可以提高红掌叶片内源JA 浓度。结合以前的试验结果推测： JA可能是通过提高抗氧化物酶活性,降低体内MDA和O2－-含量来缓解高温胁迫对红掌幼苗的生长发育的影响。 相似文献
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为了研究硼胁迫对西瓜叶片的生理伤害,笔者以籽瓜、‘黑美人’西瓜和野生西瓜为材料,设4 个硼浓度,应用组织染色法观察3 种类型西瓜O2 · ?、H2O2积累量、POD活性及死亡细胞数量。结果表明：3种类型西瓜叶片的O2 ·?和H2O2积累量在硼胁迫下均显著提高,POD活性上升,死亡细胞数量明显增加,且高硼胁迫的西瓜O2 ·?、H2O2积累量和死亡细胞数量都大于缺硼胁迫,野生西瓜活性氧清除能力强于其他2 种类型西瓜。硼胁迫导致西瓜叶片的活性氧大量积累,抗氧化酶活性增强,细胞大量非正常死亡,高硼胁迫的生理伤害大于缺硼胁迫。野生西瓜在胁迫下的抗逆性最强。组织染色法准确、直观,可应用于西瓜等植物的逆境生理研究。 相似文献
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UV-B辐射增强对大豆根系活性氧代谢及抗氧化系统的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了探究在UV-B辐射增强胁迫下,大豆根系活性氧代谢规律及其对抗氧化系统的响应,通过自然状态和增强UV-B辐射对比,对不同生育时期大豆根系的膜脂过氧化作用(丙二醛含量、相对电导率)、活性氧代谢(超氧阴离子产生速率、过氧化氢含量)、保护酶活性(超氧化物歧化酶活性、过氧化物酶活性、过氧化氢酶活性)、保护性物质含量(抗坏血酸含量、类胡萝卜素含量、脯氨酸含量)等一系列指标进行测定。结果表明,同对照相比,UV-B胁迫引起O2-·和H2O2的积累,具体表现为:在开花期,UV处理与CK相比,O2-·产生速率降低11. 5%,H2O2含量升高9. 9%,其余生育时期UV处理均高于CK,所有生育时期,UV处理与CK相比差异显著。导致MDA含量和相对电导率增大,具体表现为:MDA含量和相对电导率在所有生育时期,UV处理均高于CK,且差异显著。同时还可引起SOD、POD和CAT等保护酶活性降低,具体表现为:与CK相比,在分枝期,UV处理SOD升高15. 5%、POD下降15. 3%、CAT活性下降12. 8%,其余生育时期均降低。除CAT活性在分枝期差异不显著外,所有生育时期,UV处理与CK相比均差异显著。As A、Car和脯氨酸等保护性物质含量下降,具体表现为:与CK相比,在分枝期,UV处理As A含量降低11. 4%、Car降低15. 4%、脯氨酸含量升高10. 5%;在开花期,UV处理As A升高31. 2%、Car降低17. 9%、脯氨酸含量升高20. 7%,其余生育时期均降低。除Car含量在结荚期和脯氨酸含量在分枝期差异不显著外,所有生育时期,UV处理与CK相比均差异显著。因此,UV-B辐射增强可以使大豆根系活性氧代谢和膜脂过氧化程度加剧,细胞膜透性增大,并对其抗氧化系统产生损害,且随着大豆生育时期的延长,这种效应越为明显。 相似文献
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A. Dolatabadian S. A. M. M. Sanavy & N. A. Chashmi 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2008,194(3):206-213
The effects of salt stress on protein (PROT) content, lipid peroxidation, proline accumulation, chlorophyll (Chl) content, and superoxide dismutase (SOD; EC 1.15.1.1), catalase (EC 1.11.1.6) and peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.7) activity were studied in the leaves and roots of canola (Brassica napus L. cv. Okapi). Four weeks after sowing (at the V4 stage), plants were exposed to salt stress by the application of NaCl solution (200 mm ) for 6 days daily, After 6 days followed by foliar application of ascorbic acid (AsA) solution (25 mm ). The activity of all the antioxidant enzymes assayed (except SOD in the roots) was increased significantly in the plants under conditions of salt stress. The application of AsA decreased enzyme activity in the leaves, but it had no effect on enzyme activity in the roots. The total PROT content of the leaves and roots decreased under the conditions of high salinity. AsA treatment of plants under salt stress increased the total PROT content significantly in both leaves and roots. Measurement of the malondialdehyde content of leaves and roots showed that lipid peroxidation was increased by interaction with damaging reactive oxygen species during salt stress, and that application of AsA reduced lipid peroxidation only in the leaves. The Chl content was also affected by salt stress. There was significant difference between the controls and salt‐stress treatments in Chl content. The results of the present study indicate that usage of AsA reduces the harmful effects of salinity and increases resistance to salinity in canola plant. 相似文献
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为研究褪黑素浸种对盐碱胁迫下大豆种子萌发的影响,以大豆品种垦丰16为试验材料,研究100μmol/L褪黑素浸种对不同浓度混合盐碱（NaCl和NaHCO3物质的量按1:1混合,配制为0、25、50、100、200mmol/L的盐碱溶液）胁迫下大豆种子萌发的影响。结果表明：与对照相比,随盐碱浓度提升,大豆种子发芽率、发芽指数、芽鲜重和芽干重呈不断降低趋势,超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶、过氧化氢酶、谷胱甘肽还原酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性呈现先升高后降低的趋势,抗坏血酸过氧化物酶活性呈不断上升趋势;渗透调节物质可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白和脯氨酸含量呈现先升高后降低的趋势;膜脂过氧化产物丙二醛、H2O2含量、$\mathop{{O}}_{2}^{{\mathop{}_{\ .}^{-}}}$产生速率呈不断上升趋势。褪黑素浸种可提高不同浓度盐碱胁迫下大豆种子发芽率、发芽指数、芽鲜重、芽干重和抗氧化酶活性以及渗透调节物质含量,降低丙二醛、H2O2含量和$\mathop{{O}}_{2}^{{\mathop{}_{\ .}^{-}}}$产生速率。综上所述,褪黑素浸种可以缓解不同浓度盐碱胁迫对大豆种子发芽的抑制作用,并能提高抗氧化酶活性和渗透调节物质含量,降低膜脂过氧化程度。 相似文献
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Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants in Wheat Genotypes: Possible Mechanism of Water Stress Tolerance 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
The role of plant antioxidant systems in water stress tolerance was studied in three contrasting wheat genotypes. Water stress imposed at different stages after anthesis resulted in an increase in lipid peroxidation and a decrease in membrane stability and chlorophyll and carotenoid contents. The antioxidant enzymes ascorbate peroxidase, glutathione reductase and non-specific peroxidase also increased significantly under water stress. Genotype PBW 175, which had highest ascorbate peroxidase, glutathione reductase and peroxidase activity, had the lowest lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde content) and highest membrane stability and contents of chlorophyll and carotenoids under water stress, while the susceptible genotype WH 542 exhibited the lowest antioxidant enzyme activity, membrane stability and contents of chlorophyll and carotenoids and the highest lipid peroxidation. Genotype HD 2402 showed intermediate behaviour. It seems that drought tolerance of PBW 175, as represented by higher membrane stability and chlorophyll and carotenoid contents and lower lipid peroxidation, is related to its higher antioxidant enzyme activity. 相似文献
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高温胁迫对观赏凤梨叶片抗氧化系统和渗透调节物质积累的影响 总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3
采用盆栽试验,研究了40℃高温胁迫处理对观赏凤梨叶片抗氧化系统及渗透调节物质积累的影响。结果表明,与25℃对照相比,高温胁迫8 h内,观赏凤梨叶片超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化物酶（POD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性显著升高,脯氨酸（Pro）和热激蛋白（HSP）含量显著增加,同时叶片超氧阴离子（O2-?）产生速率、过氧化氢（H2O2）和丙二醛（MDA）含量、电解质外渗率、叶绿素含量与对照相比均无显著变化,植株生长也无明显伤害,表明SOD、POD、CAT活性的提高以及HSP、Pro含量的增加有利于缓解短期高温胁迫对观赏凤梨的氧化伤害。之后随胁迫时间的延长,叶片SOD、POD、CAT活性逐渐下降至对照以下,HSP和Pro含量降低,同时叶片O2-?产生速率加快,H2O2和MDA含量升高,电解质外渗率增加,可溶性蛋白含量降低,游离氨基酸含量增加,叶绿素和类胡萝卜素含量下降,气孔逐渐关闭,观赏凤梨植株幼叶、成熟叶受伤害症状逐渐加重。 相似文献
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以采收后新疆白皮蒜为试材,研究不同CO2浓度条件下(5%、8%、11%、14%)气调贮藏对大蒜鳞茎膜脂过氧化系统的影响,以期为大蒜气调贮藏提供试验依据。试验结果表明:气调贮藏过程中,POD活性与MDA含量总体呈上升趋势,CAT、SOD、APX三种酶活性呈先上升后下降趋势。贮藏60 d内POD活性与MDA含量变化幅度较为平缓,而CAT、SOD、APX活性变化较为剧烈;90 d后POD活性与MDA含量变化加剧,APX活性变化幅度较小;120 d后SOD活性变化趋于平稳。整体分析,CO2浓度在11%~14%气调贮藏时,大蒜抗氧化酶活性表现较高,相应处理组MDA含量也较高;当CO2浓度不高于8%时,表现则相反。综合分析认为,在3.5%O2+5%~8%CO2气调贮藏条件下,能够延缓抗氧化酶活性升高,抑制MDA累积,减轻膜脂过氧化程度而保持大蒜鳞茎品质。 相似文献
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An experiment was conducted on five wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars, C 306, PBW 175 (tolerant to water stress), DL 153-2 (moderately tolerant to water stress), HD 2428 and HD 2329 (recommended for irrigated conditions, susceptible to water stress), under pot culture conditions to study the effect of water stress on oxidative injury and antioxidant activity. Water stress significantly decreased relative water content (RWC), ascorbic acid content and membrane stability, and increased hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde content, a measure of lipid peroxidation, and activities of antioxidant enzymes in all the genotypes at 7, 17 and 27 days after anthesis (DAA). Water stress tolerant genotypes C 306 and PBW 175, closely followed by DL 153-2, were superior to HD 2428 and HD 2329 in maintaining high RWC, ascorbic acid content and membrane stability and lower hydrogen peroxide content and lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde content) under water stress at the three stages. The highest activities of glutathione reductase and catalase under water stress were observed in C 306, PBW 175 and DL 153-2 and the lowest activities in HD 2428 and HD 2329 at all the stages. Superoxide dismutase activity at all stages under irrigated conditions and at the first and second stages under water stress conditions did not show significant variation among the different genotypes, but at the last stage under water stress the enzyme activity was highest in C 306, closely followed by PBW 175 and DL 153-2, and lowest in HD 2428 and HD 2329. It is apparent that water stress induces an increase in hydrogen peroxide content and consequently lipid peroxidation and membrane injury (reduced membrane stability). The degree of oxidative stress and antioxidant activity seems to be closely associated with the tolerance/susceptibility of a genotype to water stress. 相似文献
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Drought is a severe abiotic stress and the major constraint on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) productivity world wide. Deciphering the mechanisms of drought tolerance is a challenging task because of the complexity of drought responses, environmental factors and their interactions. The objective of this study was to evaluate the ability of the antioxidative defence system in imparting tolerance against drought‐induced oxidative stress and yield loss in two wheat genotypes, when subjected to long‐term field drought. Drought resulted in an increase in H2O2 accumulation and lipid peroxidation and decrease in ascorbate level in roots and leaves at different plant developmental stages. Drought‐tolerant genotype having higher antioxidative enzymes activities, and ascorbate level was superior to that of sensitive genotype in maintaining lower H2O2 content and lipid peroxidation and higher growth, yield and yield components under water deficit. Various antioxidative enzymes showed positive correlation with ascorbate and negative with H2O2 content. In developing grains, antioxidative defence response was nearly similar among both the genotypes under control condition; however, sensitive genotype failed to modulate the activities of antioxidative enzymes according to the ROS rush under field drought. Poor capacity of the antioxidative defence system in vegetative and reproductive tissues of sensitive genotype seems to be responsible, at least partly, for reduced yield potential under water deficit. 相似文献
18.
研究了菠菜采后在2℃和9℃下冷藏期间叶绿素含量、色度值（a^＊、b^＊和色调角）、活性氧清除酶（SOD、CAT、POD、APX和GR）活性和丙二醛（MDA）含量的变化。结果表明,两种贮藏温度下菠菜叶片的SOD活性总体呈上升趋势;9℃温度条件下菠菜叶片的叶绿素含量、色调角值、CAT、APX和GR活性迅速下降,而膜脂过氧化产物MDA快速积累;2℃的低温条件可延缓CAT、APX和GR活性的下降,阻止膜脂过氧化产物MDA的上升,抑制叶绿素含量和色调角值的下降,从而延缓菠菜的衰老。 相似文献