共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 203 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
4.
朱砂叶螨抗药性研究 总被引：19，自引：0，他引：19
1986～1987年测定了河南省12个产棉县、市棉田朱砂叶螨对当前主要杀螨剂的抗性水平和多种农药对抗性叶螨的毒力水平.结果显示,朱砂叶螨已对三氯杀螨醇和氧化乐果产生抗性,各棉区基本处于抗性上升阶段.其中对三氯杀螨醇的抗性相对倍数较高,LC_(50)和LC_(95)值分别是相对敏感品系的1.72～8.26和3.47～17.67倍.从抗性品系对23种农药的感受性看出,朱砂叶螨已形成对硫磷高抗品系,抗性倍数达466.8倍;对磷胺、久效磷等也表现较高的抗性,但对甲氰菊酯、PP321、克螨特等尚未产生明显抗性,三环锡、Nissorun、毒死蜱、来福灵等有较好的杀若螨作用,对卵的抑制作用以Nissorun为最强,其次为浏阳霉素和杀虫脒. 相似文献
5.
<正>为筛选防治金银花尺蠖幼虫的高效、低残留杀虫剂,山东农业大学植物保护学院研究人员采用浸虫法和浸叶法,分别测定了13种杀虫剂对金银花尺蠖幼虫的触杀毒力和胃毒毒力,筛选出高活性药剂,并对筛选出的药剂进行了田间防效试验及检测其在金银花中的农药残留量。毒力测定结果表明,甲维盐对金 相似文献
6.
摘 要：研究旨在明确几种常用杀虫剂对抗性小菜蛾种群的室内毒力和田间防治效果,以及小菜蛾抗性水平与杀虫剂防治效果之间的相关性。笔者测定了7种杀虫剂对田间抗性小菜蛾种群的室内毒力,并进行了7种杀虫剂在登记剂量下防治小菜蛾的田间药效试验。结果表明：7种杀虫剂对靶标小菜蛾种群的室内毒力大小依次为：多杀菌素、氯虫苯甲酰胺、阿维菌素、虫螨腈、茚虫威、丁醚脲、高效氯氰菊酯,其LC50值分别为1.14、1.81、2.27、4.22、4.59、45.80、156.96 mg/L。该小菜蛾种群对丁醚脲、茚虫威和多杀菌素的抗性倍数分别为2.14、8.83和9.50,处于低水平抗性;对虫螨腈、氯虫苯甲酰胺和高效氯氰菊酯的抗性倍数分别为10.55、30.17和44.21,处于中等水平抗性;对阿维菌素的抗性倍数达113.50,已达高水平抗性。多杀菌素、茚虫威、氯虫苯甲酰胺和丁醚脲对小菜蛾的田间防效相对较好,药后7天防效分别为89.38%、90.67%、84.10%和86.18%。田间小菜蛾种群对7种杀虫剂均产生不同程度抗性,杀虫剂登记剂量处理下对小菜蛾的田间防效与小菜蛾对该药剂的抗性水平存在较明显的负相关性。 相似文献
7.
测定了6种常用农药和2种常用种衣剂对玉米苗枯病菌的室内抑菌活性。结果表明,2%戊唑醇可湿性粉剂、25%福美双可湿性粉剂和20%福.克悬浮种衣剂抑菌效果最好。供试药剂的MIC、复配药剂联合毒力及其对靶标生物的安全性试验结果表明,20%福.克种衣剂与2%戊唑醇可湿性粉剂复配比例范围为(200~400)∶1,且联合毒力指数在150.11%~197.94%,包衣处理玉米种子安全,最佳复配比为(200~300)∶1。室内接菌条件下与田间小区防治试验表明,福.克与戊唑醇复配剂适宜药种比为1∶(50~60),对玉米苗枯病的防治效果室内达95.17%~95.62%,田间达95.13%~95.55%。 相似文献
8.
9.
10.
9种杀虫剂对芒果蓟马的毒力测定及田间防效 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为弄清常用药剂对芒果蓟马的毒力及田间防效,在室内采用叶管药膜法,分别测定了9种常用农药对茶黄蓟马2龄若虫及成虫的毒力,并开展了田间防效试验。室内结果表明:9种药剂对茶黄蓟马2龄若虫和成虫的LC_(50)以1.5%甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐EC的最低,分别为0.90、0.91 mg/L;其次为6%乙基多杀菌素SC,分别为0.91、0.92 mg/L;LC_(50)以4.5%高效氯氰菊酯最高,分别为471.38、1626.92 mg/L。除2.8%阿维菌素外,其余供试药剂对茶黄蓟马2龄若虫的LC_(50)值都小于成虫,说明茶黄蓟马2龄若虫对上述供试药剂的敏感度均大于成虫。田间结果表明:10%啶虫脒ME、6%乙基多杀菌素SC、1.5%甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐EC、480 g/L毒死蜱EC、20%吡虫啉SL及12.5%阿维菌素·啶虫脒ME供试浓度对芒果蓟马复合种具有良好的速效性;22.4%螺虫乙酯SC供试浓度对芒果蓟马复合种的速效性较差,但添加哈速虅助剂后的持效性较好,可考虑与速效性较好且相溶性好的药剂合理混配使用,以提高药剂对芒果蓟马复合种的综合防效。 相似文献
11.
12.
13.
Siddhi J. Bhusal Guo-Liang Jiang Qijian Song Perry B. Cregan David Wright Jose L. Gonzalez-Hernandez 《Euphytica》2017,213(7):144
Soybean aphid (Aphis glycines Matsumura) has become one of the major pests of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] in North America since 2000. At least four biotypes of soybean aphid have been confirmed in the United States. Genetic characterization of new sources of soybean aphid resistance will facilitate the expansion of soybean gene pool for soybean aphid resistance and thus will help to develop soybean aphid resistant cultivars. To characterize the genetic basis of soybean aphid resistance in PI 603712, a newly identified resistant germplasm line, 142 F2 plants derived from the cross ‘Roberts’ × PI 603712 and their parents were evaluated for soybean aphid resistance in the greenhouse, and were genotyped with BARCSoySNP6K Illumina Infinium II BeadChip. A genome-wide molecular linkage map was constructed with 1495 polymorphic SNP markers. QTL analysis revealed that PI 603712 possessed two major loci associated with soybean aphid resistance, located on chromosome 7 and 16, respectively. The locus on chromosome 7 was dominantly expressed and positioned about one Mega-base-pair distant from the previously identified resistance locus Rag1. The locus on chromosome 16 was positioned near the previously identified resistance locus Rag3 and expressed partially dominance or additive effect. Interestingly, two minor loci were also detected on chromosomes 13 and 17 but the alleles from PI 603712 decreased the resistance. In developing soybean aphid resistant cultivars through marker-assisted selection, an appropriate combination of resistance loci should be selected when PI 603712 is used as a donor parent of resistance. 相似文献
14.
Shizen Ohnishi Noriyuki Miyake Toru Takeuchi Fumiko Kousaka Satoshi Hiura Osamu Kanehira Miki Saito Takashi Sayama Ayako Higashi Masao Ishimoto Yoshinori Tanaka Shohei Fujita 《Breeding Science》2012,61(5):618-624
Soybean dwarf virus (SbDV) causes serious dwarfing, yellowing and sterility in soybean (Glycine max). The soybean cv. Adams is tolerant to SbDV infection in the field and exhibits antibiosis to foxglove aphid (Aulacorthum solani), which transmits SbDV. This antibiosis (termed “aphid resistance”) is required for tolerance to SbDV in the field in segregated progenies of Adams. A major quantitative trait locus, Raso1, is reported for foxglove aphid resistance. Our objectives were to fine map Raso1 and to reveal whether Raso1 alone is sufficient to confer both aphid resistance and SbDV tolerance. We introduced Raso1 into cv. Toyomusume by backcrossing and investigated the degree of aphid antibiosis to foxglove aphid and the degree of tolerance to SbDV in the field. All Raso1-introduced backcross lines showed aphid resistance. Interestingly, only one Raso1-introduced backcross line (TM-1386) showed tolerance to SbDV in the field. The results demonstrated Raso1 alone is sufficient to confer aphid resistance but insufficient for SbDV tolerance. Tolerance to SbDV was indicated to require additional gene(s) to Raso1. Additionally, Raso1 was mapped to a 63-kb interval on chromosome 3 of the Williams 82 sequence assembly (Glyma1). This interval includes a nucleotide-binding site–leucine-rich repeat encoding gene and two other genes in the Williams 82 soybean genome sequence. 相似文献
15.
大豆花叶病毒病是危害大豆生产的主要病害之一。为今后开展抗大豆花叶病毒育种工作提供基础材料，对222份国外大豆种质资源进行了抗SMV3强毒株系的鉴定评价。结果表明，供试材料对SMV3株系的抗性变异丰富，病情指数呈连续分布，变化范围为12.82%~92.59%。2年重复鉴定筛选出10份高抗资源，占供试材料的4.51%，分别来自日本（4份）、美国（3份）、加拿大（2份）和韩国（1份）。10份高抗资源在播种类型、生育日数、百粒重、株高、种皮、种脐、花色和茸毛色等性状上存在丰富的遗传变异。 相似文献
16.
大豆抗蚜虫研究进展 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
大豆蚜虫（Aphis glycines Matsmura）,属同翅目刺吸式口器,是大豆（Glycine max）的主要害虫之一。迄今已经筛选到了十多份抗蚜资源并定位到了12个抗性基因,并发现了3个不同生物型的大豆蚜虫。较禾本科作物抗蚜性遗传相比,大豆或蒺藜苜蓿（Medicago truncatula Gaertn.）对蚜虫抗性的遗传规律相对简单,多为单基因显性遗传,抗性基因多预测为经典的抗病基因（R基因）,具有NBS-LRR结构域,介导基因对基因抗性。目前,植物中已经克隆到几个抗蚜虫基因,也为NBS-LRR类功能基因。本文对以上研究进行了综述与总结,并对大豆抗蚜虫的遗传研究进行了展望。 相似文献
17.
甜菜夜蛾对几类新型杀虫剂的早期抗性监测 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
用浸叶法测定了江苏和河南等地甜菜夜蛾种群对几种作用方式新颖的新型杀虫剂甲维盐、阿维菌素、茚虫威、溴虫腈、虫酰肼、甲氧虫酰肼及呋喃虫酰肼的敏感性,尽管大多数种群对这些杀虫剂处于敏感阶段,但首次监测到江宁和射阳两个种群已对阿维菌素产生了中等水平的抗性（10.4和14.2倍）,另一个丰县种群对茚虫威也具有低水平的抗性（6.8倍）。测定结果可以为甜菜夜蛾的抗性治理策略的制定提供理论依据。 相似文献
18.
19.
Aphis glycines Matsumura, the soybean aphid, first arrived in North America in 2000 and has since become the most important insect pest of domestic soybean, causing significant yield loss and increasing production costs annually in many parts of the USA soybean belt. Research to identify sources of resistance to the pest began shortly after it was found and several sources were quickly identified in the USDA soybean germplasm collection. Characterization of resistance expression and mapping of resistance genes in resistant germplasm accessions resulted in the identification of six named soybean aphid resistance genes: Rag1, rag1c, Rag2, Rag3, rag4, and Rag5 (proposed). Simple sequence repeat markers flanking the resistance genes were identified, facilitating efforts to use marker-assisted selection to develop resistant commercial cultivars. Saturation or fine-mapping with single nucleotide polymorphism markers narrowed the genomic regions containing Rag1 and Rag2 genes. Two potential NBS-LRR candidate genes for Rag1 and one NBS-LRR gene for Rag2 were found within the regions. Years before the release of the first resistant soybean cultivar with Rag1 in 2009, a soybean aphid biotype, named biotype 2, was found that could overcome the resistance gene. Later in 2010, biotype 3 was characterized for its ability to colonize plants with Rag2 and other resistance genes. At present, three biotypes have been reported that can be distinguished by their virulence on Rag1 and Rag2 resistance genes. Frequency and geographic distribution of soybean aphid biotypes are unknown. Research is in progress to determine the inheritance of virulence and develop DNA markers tagging virulence genes to facilitate monitoring of biotypes. With these research findings and the availability of host lines with different resistance genes and biotypes, the soybean aphid-soybean pest-host system has become an important model system for advanced research into the interaction of an aphid with its plant host, and also the tritrophic interaction that includes aphid endosymbionts. 相似文献