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1.
A. G. Brown 《Euphytica》1960,9(2):247-253
- 1.Several selections from progenies from crosses between pear varieties were found to be free from scab (Venturia pirina) in one locality but susceptible when tested at another location. It is suggested that biotypes of the fungus are sharply restricted in their range of distribution at any given time. 相似文献
2.
Daniel Hailegiorgis Chong Ae Lee Song Joong Yun 《Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology》2017,20(4):287-293
The objective of this study was to determine gliadin allele compositions of 20 improved Ethiopian durum wheat varieties using acid-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (A-PAGE). Each block of co-dominantly inherited polypeptides encoded by gliadin loci were identified and their genetic diversities were estimated using statistical analyses. A total of 30 electrophoretic blocks were identified at five major gliadin loci. In addition, four novel gliadin blocks were identified. Gli-B1 and Gli-A2 loci had higher numbers of gliadin alleles (nine and ten, respectively) compared to other loci. Alleles Gli-A1c on chromosome 1A, Gli-B1c on chromosome 1B, Gli-A2a, and Gli-A2o on chromosome 6A, and Gli-B2h on chromosome 6B had maximal frequencies in their corresponding loci. Varieties were classified into three main clusters and one singleton based on genetic distances of detected gliadin alleles. These results indicate that Ethiopian durum wheat varieties are genetically diverse with unique allele compositions at gliadin-coding loci. 相似文献
3.
A. C. Zeven 《Euphytica》1967,16(1):18-22
Male sterile “lines” are being made carrying either Ne 1 sor Ne 2 sin homozygous condition. The “lines” will be used to determine the necrosis genotype of wheat varieties and at the same time to trace genes restoring fertility in cytoplasmic sterile “lines”. It is suggested that hybrid necrosis could be used in hybrid seed production. The article is concluded with a list of 100 varieties and selections of which the genotype for hybrid necrosis is given. 相似文献
4.
Daniel Hailegiorgis Chong Ae Lee Song Joong Yun 《Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology》2017,20(5):387-392
Gluten protein determines the processing quality of both durum wheat and bread wheat. The glutenin subunits compositions and associated quality traits of 20 Ethiopian durum wheat varieties were systematically analyzed using SDS-PAGE and Payne numbers. A total of 16 glutenin patterns were identified. At the Glu-A1 locus, all varieties scored the null allele. The predominant glutenin alleles at the Glu-B1 locus were Glu-B1b (7+8) and Glu-B1e (20). In Glu-3, the most abundant glutenin subunits were Glu-A3a and Glu-B3c. Based on the Payne scores, the varieties Yerer, Ginchi, Candate, and Foka were identified to have allelic composition suitable for pasta making. The cluster analysis using agglomerative hierarchical clustering (AHC) method classified the varieties into four similarity classes. Based on the findings of this experiment, suggestions were made for allelic composition improvement through introgression of superior alleles from known Glu-1 and Glu-3 sources. 相似文献
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Zhu Li Ya-Chun Su Qing Yu Yun Chen Shi-Wu Gao Yong-Gang Zhang You-Xiong Que Li-Ping Xu 《Euphytica》2018,214(10):189
In most sugarcane cultivation areas, sugarcane brown rust (SBR), caused by Puccinia melanocephala, is an economically important fungal disease that leads to severe yield loss in susceptible cultivars. Bru1, which is the major dominant SBR resistance gene, has been widely used in the prediction of brown rust resistance in sugarcane. In this study, three panels of sugarcane germplasms, the major varieties approved over the past 10 years and new elite clones in the current national regional trial, together with one panel of Saccharum spontaneum, were employed in estimating the possibility of SBR epidemic and to assess the efficiency of 9O20-F4-HaeIII in eliminating false positives. Among the current top five varieties used as sucrose feedstock, accounting for more than 68.9% of the total cultivated area, all were highly resistant to SBR, although only three harboring Bru1. Two major varieties Yuetang60 and Guitang46 without harboring Bru1 were highly susceptible to SBR, together with highly susceptible Funong41, which need prudent promotion. Approximately 60.5% of the 38 new elite clones were Bru1 positive. Considering the susceptibility of Liucheng03-1137, which exhibits a strong promotion momentum, together with Funong41, Guitang46, Yuetang60, and Yunzhe06-47, four were favored by the enterprise due to their superior sucrose content and good stalk yield, despite their high susceptibility to SBR, and additional Yuetang93-159, one current top five varieties with declining resistance, which results in a potential risk for brown rust epidemic. Furthermore, low frequency of the wild germplasm of S. spontaneum from five different countries was Bru1 positive. In addition, a perfect molecular diagnostic result was observed in all modern sugarcane clones using two dominant markers, and HaeIII can prevent the occurrence of false positive results when the 9O20-F4 PCR products of S. spontaneum are digested by RsaI. The prevalent chewing cane Badila without Bru1 is highly resistant to SBR. Our results provide valuable information for the extension of sugarcane varieties and a batch of novel SBR resistance sources with superior comprehensive characters for crossbreeding, and for SBR-resistant gene pyramiding by crossing or through mining and using of new SBR-resistant genes. 相似文献
8.
Summary Karyotypes, chromosome association and pollen fertility of aneuploid varieties (2n=25), Ochibagoromo, Matsusakatsukasa and Isehomare in Iris ensata were analysed and compared with those of eu-diploid varieties (2n=24), Shishinden, Kachô and Asahimaru. The somatic chromosome complement of the aneuploid varieties consisted of 11 pairs and 3 singles of chromosomes and that of the eu-diploid varieties 12 pairs of chromosomes. The singles of chromosomes in the aneuploid varieties had similarity with one another and with a pair of chromosomes in the eu-diploid varieties. The high frequency of normal association was present in the eu-diploid varieties, and this indicated that 12 pairs of chromosomes had full homology between each other. In contrast, the mean chromosome association per cell in an aneuploid variety Ochibagoromo was 4.615I+10.067II+0.077III+0.005IV, indicating that the chromosome complement of this variety consisted of 11 pairs and 3 singles and that these singles had partial homology among them. The eu-diploid varieties exhibited high pollen fertility due to their regularity of chromosome association; the aneuploid varieties considerably lower fertility, i.e. 28.2% for Ochibagoromo, 31.8% for Isehomare and 43.8% for Matsusakatsukasa. The primary cause for the low fertility of these varieties seemes to be the partial homology among 3 single chromosomes. Finally, the origin and the development of the aneuploid varieties were discussed. 相似文献
9.
Maw Sun Lin 《Euphytica》1991,56(1):43-46
Summary The pedigrees of 99 Japonica rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties released between 1940 and 1987 were traced back to 65 ancestors, of which 44 were plant introductions from Japan and only 11 from Taiwan. Japanese introductions collectively contributed more than 85% of the parentage of the varieties. Although more ancestors were integrated into recent breeding programs, as few as 10 ancestors comprised 66% of the genetic background. Extensive use of superior genotypes from the same sources explained why the integration of new germplasm did not result in the diversification of the released varieties. The 10 most important ancestral contributors of the 99 varieties were from Japan except Oloan-chu from Taiwan. Two introductions, Sinriki and Kameji, had the highest mean relative genetic contributions of the genes with 21.3% and 16.7%, respectively. Shinriki was the most frequently used ancestor and occurred in 83 of the 99 pedigrees. These results clearly revealed the narrow genetic base in current Japonica rice varieties of Taiwan. 相似文献
10.
Marina Mosbæk Johannessen Teis Nørgaard Mikkelsen Rikke Bagger Jørgensen 《Euphytica》2002,128(1):75-86
We investigated the CO2] exploitation and genetic diversity inthree old and three new winter varieties of oilseed rape (Brassicanapus L.). Plants were cultivated in growth chambers with 360 ppmCO2 and 700 ppm CO2 under conditions simulating a normalgrowth season. Exposed to elevated CO2 the stomatal conductance(gs) and the maximum photosynthesis capacity (Amax) werereduced and the dry biomass and the total seed-number were increased.The response in seed-yield differed among the varieties; it was increased inthree varieties and decreased in three. The analysis of variance (ANOVA)showed that there were Treatment- and Week-effects on the gs, andthere were Variety-, Week- and Treatment-effects on the Amax. Itwas also evident that there were a Variety- and Variety-agegroup-effect onthe seed-yield, but the Variety-agegroup-effect could not explain theVariety-effect. When either or both covariates (seed-number andbiomass) were included in the model, the covariates themselves had asignificant effect and it became evident that there was a Treatment-effecton the seed-yield.From AFLP (amplified fragment length polymorphism) markers adendrogram was constructed by the UPGMA method (unweightedpair-group method using the arithmetic averages) and [G
ST wascalculated for all possible subsets of the varieties. The three old varietiescomprised the densest cluster and were also more genetically diverse thantwo of the three new varieties. Varieties with clear changes amongCO2 levels were rather genetically diverse.Thus, the varieties represent different traits, which could be exploited infuture breeding of oilseed rape. 相似文献
11.
A. G. Brown 《Euphytica》1959,8(1):81-88
- 1.Resistance to Apple Mildew (Podosphaera leucotricha) is shown to be inherited quantitatively and apple varieties vary in the resistance contribution which they pass on to their progeny. 相似文献
12.
A. G. Johnson 《Euphytica》1960,9(3):338-350
- 1.Measurements were made of stem length, leaf number, leaf size, total yield and marketable yield on two varieties of Brussels sprout, on inbred lines derived from them, and on hybrids produced by crossing the inbred lines of the two varieties. 相似文献
13.
A genetical study was made of three diploid varieties of Fragaria vesca, namely, wild type and two cultivated Alpine varieties, Baron Solemacher and Bush White. The varieties differ in several characters, including flowering habit, runnering habit, branching habit and fruit colour. Wild type is seasonal flowering, produces runners, has a simple branching habit and has red fruit. Both the Alpine varieties have a perpetual flowering (everbearing) habit and produce no runners. Buron Solemacher resembles wild type in branching habit and fruit colour, whereas Bush White has a very bushy habit (i.e., has a large number of crowns per plant) and has white fruit.Wild type F. vesca was crossed with the two Alpine varieties, and the F1 progenies were selfed and back-crossed to the Alpine parents. The results indicate that the differences in flowering habit are controlled by a single major gene, seasonal flowering being dominant to perpetual flowering, the recessive alleles in the two perpetual flowering varieties apparently being identical. Differences in runnering habit also appear to involve a single gene locus but non-runnering is associated with the bushy habit in Bush White and therefore either the three alleles of the same gene occur or the gene controlling bushiness in separate but closely linked with the gene controlling runnering. Fruit colour is controlled by one major gene locus, red being dominant to white fruit. All three major genes segregate independently. In all cases the characters of the wild type are dominant. The possible nature of the physiological process controlled by the gene for flowering habit is discussed. 相似文献
14.
F. Tjallingii 《Euphytica》1965,14(1):1-22
- 1.Clubroot is the main disease of fodder turnips in the Netherlands. Growing resistant varieties is the only practical means of control. 相似文献
15.
B. S. Ahloowalia 《Euphytica》1967,16(1):49-60
Studies on induction, isolation and stabilization of tetraploids in Lolium perenne L. (2n=14) are reported. These investigations revealed that:
- 1.The different varieties of ryegrass responded differentially to colchicine treatment. 相似文献
16.
M. Nieuwhof 《Euphytica》1963,12(2):189-197
- 1.From 1958 to 1962 research was carried out on the breeding of hybrid varieties of pointed-headed cabbage. 相似文献
17.
- 1.The frequency and types of mutations induced by different dosages of X-rays, fast and thermal neutrons and beta particles from P32 and S35 were studied in two fully awned (C. 591 and H. 167) and two awnless strains (N.P. 809 and H. 389) of bread wheat. 相似文献
18.
Summary Two Bell pepper F1 hybrids demonstrated a significant advantage over open-pollinated varieties under growing conditions of suboptimal temperatures. Both hybrids gave significantly higher marketable yields than most of the varieties compared with them.Early total yields were also significantly higher in both hybrids. Hybrid No 12 was significantly higher than all the other varieties in both early and overall marketable yields.Two experimental hybrids produced by the use of ms
1 and ms
2 genes were found to be as promising as the regular hybrids.Contribution from the Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Bet Dagan, Israel. 1972 Series, No 2245E. 相似文献
19.
Summary Four spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties differing in origin and reaction in the seedling stage to pathotype CDL-6 (extant in California) were intercrossed and examined in greenhouse conditions in F1, F2, and F3 generations. Digenic and transgressive segregation was found in all crosses. The four varieties each had infection types (1 immune, 9 susceptible) and putative resistance genes as follows: Anza, IT 7, YrA; Glennson 81, IT 2, Yr9; Yecora Rojo, IT 6, YrC; and Ollanta, IT 4–6, YrL. Anza was classified as susceptible, Yecora Rojo and Ollanta as intermediate in seedling resistance, and Glennson 81 as resistant in the seedling stage. 相似文献
20.
M. Nieuwhof 《Euphytica》1960,9(2):203-208
- 1.In a number of variety trials with white cabbage observations on the occurrence of tipburn were made. The various varieties showed different degrees of susceptibility. Of the Dutch autumn varieties, Succes and Glory of Enkhuizen were little susceptible, whereas Langedijker Autumn White was highly susceptible. Between the strains of the latter variety there were clear differences in this respect. 相似文献