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1.
One hundred dogs bearing malignancies of the oropharyngeal region were examined over a three-year period and prospectively staged using the World Health Organisation TNM Classification of Tumours of Domestic Animals. Primary tumours were characterized by their large size or local infiltration (71 per cent, T3 status) and invasion into adjacent bone (60 per cent, Tb status). Regional lymph node metastasis was less common (17 per cent, N1b, N2b or N3 status) and distant metastasis was an unusual presenting feature (5 per cent, M1 status). The early Stage I and II tumours together accounted for 8 per cent of the total series whilst the more advanced Stage III group were by far the most frequent, representing 84 per cent. The remaining 8 per cent being classified as Stage IV because of extensive regional or distance metastatic deposits. Prognoses by stage showed actuarial survival rates at 12 months of 100 per cent for Stage I, 71 per cent for Stage II, 31 per cent for Stage III with no survivors in the Stage IV group. Survival rates for the major histological types were 44 per cent for the non-tonsillar squamous cell carcinoma, 22 per cent for the tonsillar squamous cell carcinoma and fibrosarcomas, 17 per cent for mastocytomas whilst none of the malignant melanomata survived 12 months.  相似文献   

2.
Histopathological examination was performed on cutaneous biopsies from 900 dogs with skin lesions from Zimbabwe, collected from 1996 to 2000. Clinical data were collected from medical records. Sixty per cent (540/900) of the cases were tumours and 40% (360/900) were non-neoplastic inflammatory or degenerative diseases. Thirty different histological types of tumour were diagnosed. The prevalence of epithelial, mesenchymal, lymphohistiocytic and melanocytic tumours was 39.4%, 44.4%, 7.4% and 8.7%, respectively. The 10 most common tumours, comprising 73.7% of all cutaneous neoplasms, were mast cell tumours, squamous cell carcinomas, perianal gland adenomas, lymphomas, benign melanomas, haemangiosarcomas, sebaceous gland adenomas, fibrosarcomas, lipomas and malignant melanomas. The prevalence of various neoplasms, age of affected dogs and sites of occurrence were similar to surveys in other countries, except that in Zimbabwe there was a greater prevalence of lymphomas and of tumours associated with increased exposure to ultraviolet light (squamous cell carcinomas, haemangiosarcomas and melanomas). For all classes of tumours the sex of the dog did not have any significant influence on the likelihood of developing a tumour. For a dog diagnosed with a tumour located on the trunk, the tumour was significantly more likely to be an epithelial tumour than a non-epithelial tumour The occurrence of melanocytic tumours on the trunk was significantly lower than at other sites. Lymphohistiocytic tumours were 10 times more likely to occur at multiple locations as opposed to single locations.  相似文献   

3.
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4.
Immunoperoxidase techniques for S-100 protein, keratin, cytokeratin, vimentin and desmin were applied to 65 canine skin tumours. These included eight squamous cell carcinomas, eight fibrosarcomas, eight melanomas, eight mastocytomas, eight haemangiosarcomas, eight leiomyosarcomas, five liposarcomas and 12 poorly differentiated tumours. Consistent results were obtained within each group. Cytokeratin and keratin immunoreactivity was detected only in squamous cell carcinomas. Vimentin was present in fibrosarcomas, melanomas, haemangiosarcomas, mastocytomas, leiomyosarcomas and liposarcomas. S-100 protein immunoreactivity was detected in melanomas, haemangiosarcomas, liposarcomas and leiomyosarcomas. Only leiomyosarcomas were positive for desmin. According to these results the 12 anaplastic tumours were diagnosed either as carcinomas, fibrosarcomas or malignant melanomas.  相似文献   

5.
Mandibulectomy or maxillectomy was performed in dogs for the removal of 100 bone-involved oral tumours of varying histological type. These techniques provided excellent results when used for the excision of carcinomas achieving one year survival rates for basal cell carcinomas (acanthomatous epulides) and squamous cell carcinomas of 100 and 84 per cent, respectively. Mandibulectomy and maxillectomy were, therefore, considered to achieve good wide local excision and to be the techniques of choice for the management of oral carcinomas. Prognoses for sarcomas were, however, considerably poorer. There was a high incidence of local recurrence (32 per cent) and distant metastasis (27 per cent) and one year survival rates for fibrosarcomas, osteosarcomas and malignant melanomas were 50, 42 and 0 per cent, respectively. Mandibulectomy and maxillectomy were not considered to achieve radical local excisional margins in all cases and were inadequate as the sole form of treatment for sarcomas of the oral cavity. Mandibulectomy and maxillectomy may be useful, however, as part of a combined modality approach to oral sarcomas or may be justified as the sole therapy where adjuvant modalities are not available.  相似文献   

6.
The clinical features, sites of origin and radiological changes in 34 dogs with 38 histologically proven non-osteogenic malignant tumours of the appendicular skeleton are reported. The incidence of such tumours when compared with the number of osteosarcomas recorded during the same period is much higher than in previously reported series. A wide variety of tumour types was recorded, fibrosarcomas (nine cases), metastatic deposits (eight cases) and haemangiosarcomas (five cases) being the most common. No distinctive features could be related to histological type, but only one tumour in this group demonstrated radiological signs indistinguishable from those previously classified as characteristic of osteosarcoma (Gibbs, Denny & Kelly, 1984). Lung metastases were detected radiographically in approximately 15 per cent of cases. Of eight dogs treated, either by amputation or surgical excision, three are known to have survived without recurrence for more than two years.  相似文献   

7.
The clinical and pathological findings of 28 cases (27 horses, 1 donkey) of equid sinonasal tumours examined at the Edinburgh Veterinary School are presented and include: seven cases of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC); five adenocarcinomas; three undifferentiated carcinomas; two adenomas; five fibro-osseous and bone tumours; and single cases of ameloblastoma, fibroma, fibrosarcoma, undifferentiated sarcoma, melanoma and lymphosarcoma. The median ages of animals affected with epithelial, and fibro-osseous/bone tumours were 14 and 4 years, respectively. Unilateral purulent or mucopurulent nasal discharge (81% of cases) and gross facial swellings (82% of cases) were the most common presenting signs with sinonasal tumours, with epistaxis recorded in just 23% of cases. Radiology and endoscopy were the most useful ancillary diagnostic techniques. The maxillary area was the most common site of tumour origin, and only three cases were definitively identified as originating in the nasal cavity. Four of the maxillary SCC lesions originated within the nasal cavities or maxillary sinuses, while two originated in the oral cavity. Fourteen of 15 carcinomas, but only two of the 13 remaining tumours, spread to other sites in the head. Only three cases of sinonasal tumour had lymph node metastases, and none had distant metastases. In the long term, surgical treatment with seven malignant tumours was unsuccessful (6 months median survival post-operatively), but was successful with four out of five benign tumours (no regrowth at a median of 4 years post-operatively).  相似文献   

8.
In total, 174 bovine ocular squamous cell carcinomas of varying sizes (20 to 2800 mm(2) in area) were treated daily with peritumoural injections of solvent, or solvent containing 5000 U, 20,000 U, 200,000 U, 500,000 U, 1 million U or 2 million U interleukin-2 (IL-2) for 10 days. The tumours were measured and clinically staged before treatment and at one, three, four, nine and 20 months after treatment. After 20 months, 14 per cent of the tumours treated with the solvent had regressed completely, a significantly smaller proportion than the 55 per cent treated with 5000 U IL-2, 52 per cent treated with 20,000 U IL-2, 58 per cent treated with 200,000 U IL-2, 50 per cent treated with 500,000 U IL-2, 69 per cent of tumours treated with 1 million U IL-2, 52 per cent treated with 2 million U IL-2. The tumours on the third eyelid and limbus were the most responsive.  相似文献   

9.
A region from exon 4 to 8 of the tumour suppressor gene p53 was analysed in 60 feline tumours (30 fibrosarcomas, seven malignant histiocytomas, three lymphosarcomas, five basal cell tumours, five squamous cell carcinomas, two adenocarcinomas of tubular skin glands, one undifferentiated carcinoma of the skin, seven mammary carcinomas). Missense mutations were detected in two fibrosarcomas, one malignant fibrous histiocytoma, the undifferentiated carcinoma of the skin and one mammary carcinoma. One nonsense mutation was detected in one fibrosarcoma and one deletion/frameshift-mutation was observed in one squamous cell carcinoma.  相似文献   

10.
OBJECTIVES: Low-field magnetic resonance imaging machines are being used more often in veterinary practice for the investigation of sinonasal disease. The aim of this retrospective study was to describe and characterise the low-field magnetic resonance imaging features of nasal tumours in dogs. METHODS: The Queen's Veterinary School Hospital magnetic resonance imaging database (2001-2005) was searched for dogs with a magnetic resonance imaging diagnosis of a nasal tumour. Fifty cases with histological diagnosis of nasal tumour were found. The appearance and extent of the nasal tumour as well as the involvement of adjacent anatomic structures were examined against a checklist. RESULTS: The most common magnetic resonance imaging findings were as follows. (1) Soft tissue mass replacing the destroyed nasal conchae and/or ethmoturbinates (98 per cent of cases). (2) Nasal septum destruction (68 per cent of cases). (3) Retained secretions with or without mass caudally in frontal sinuses (62 per cent of cases). (4) Nasal/frontal bone destruction (52 per cent of cases). Low-field magnetic resonance imaging allowed differentiation of tumour tissue from retained secretions or necrotic tissue. Magnetic resonance imaging was invaluable in assessing the extension of the tumour into the maxillary recesses, caudal recesses, nasopharynx, adjacent bones and cranial cavity. The tumour often extended caudally into the frontal sinuses, nasopharynx and perhaps most importantly into the caudal recesses. Tumour extension into the cranial cavity was not common (16 per cent), and only three of these cases showed neurological signs. However, 54 per cent of cases showed focal meningeal (dural) hyperintensity, although the significance of this is unclear. A significant difference (P<0.05) in tumour signal intensity between the sarcomas and carcinomas was found. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: The use of a low-field magnetic resonance imaging technique is excellent for the diagnosis and determination of extent of sinonasal tumours.  相似文献   

11.
The clinical features, sites of origin and radiological changes associated with 75 osteosarcomas of the appendicular skeleton in 74 dogs are reviewed. Clinical data and the areas affected were broadly similar to those in previously reported series of cases, but the precise sites of origin were found to vary considerably from the generally accepted predeliction site, which is the metaphysis. A wide spectrum of radiological changes was recorded. Only 61.3 per cent of tumours could be classified as characteristic. A further 21.3 per cent showed features suggestive of, but not specific for, osteosarcoma and were therefore classified as equivocal. In the remaining 17.3 per cent the radiological signs, although indicative of neoplasia and usually of malignancy, were quite uncharacteristic. Among 63 cases in which both radiographic and post-mortem examination of the lungs was performed the incidence of pulmonary metastases was 13 per cent, with total correlation between their radiological and pathological detection. Of ten dogs which were treated surgically, one with a radiographically atypical lesion has survived for more than four years.  相似文献   

12.
Melanocytic tumours are a well-known clinical and pathological entity in horses, but further phenotypic characterization of these tumours is lacking. Six melanocytic tumours from five horses (two metastatic and four benign) were examined by Ki67, PCNA and p53 immunostaining, DNA nick end labelling (Tunel) and Feulgen staining. The stainings were evaluated using quantitative image analysis. The resulting parameters of growth fraction (Ki67), S-phase index (PCNA), p53 index, apoptotic index, DNA index, nuclear diameter, ploidy balance, proliferation index (Feulgen) and hyperploidy were analysed. The metastatic melanomas showed overexpression of p53 in a large portion of the cells. Apoptosis was also found in the metastatic melanomas. No differences were found in growth fraction, S-phase index (PCNA) nor in DNA configuration between the metastatic and the benign tumours. No immunohistochemical evidence of mutant p53 could be found in the tumours. In conclusion, melanocytic tumours in horses seem to have different phenotypic characteristics in comparison with melanocytic tumours in dogs, cats and humans, especially with respect to proliferative activity of the benign tumours. Therefore, markers put forward in these other species for predicting the clinical behaviour of the melanomas seem to be of no value in the horse. Moreover, quantitative DNA changes or p53 mutations do not seem to be involved in tumourogenesis in these cases.  相似文献   

13.
A survey was carried out on the neoplasms of horses, donkeys and mules which are recorded in the registration files of the Section of Pathology of the Veterinary Research Institute, Onderstepoort, in the Republic of South Africa, over a 40-year period from 1935 to 1974. A total of 378 tumours are recorded, 339 of which were in horses, 32 in mules and 7 in donkeys. Sarcoids (38%), squamous cell carcinomas (23,5%), fibromas (8,2%), melanomas (8,0%), papillomas (4,5%), fibrosarcomas (3,4%) and lymphosarcomas (3,0%) accounted for 88,6% of the total. Of the 58 sarcoids for which the site or origin was determined, 46,5% occurred on the head, 32,8% on the chest and abdomen, 19% on the limbs especially below the level of the carpus or hock and 1,7% on the neck. Fifty percent of the 89 squamous cell carcinomas occurred on or around the eyes, especially on the eyelids or nictitating membrane, 23% involved the penis and/or prepuce, while just over 20% arose on the skin. The melanomas involved the skin and eye, whilst papillomas originated primarily on the skin and less frequently on the penis.  相似文献   

14.
Imprint and brush cytology in the diagnosis of canine intranasal tumours   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
Fifty-four dogs with nasal tumours were included in this study. Based on histopathology, 52 tumours were malignant (36 epithelial and 16 mesenchymal) and two were benign (one oncocytoma and one pleiomorphic adenoma). Malignancy was significantly more frequently diagnosed by imprint cytology (81 per cent of the cases) than by brush cytology (56 per cent). Brush cytology was a significantly more sensitive technique in epithelial than in mesenchymal tumours, while the sensitivity of imprint cytology was not affected by the histological type. Brush cytology determined an epithelial origin in 88 per cent of epithelial tumours, and imprint cytology in 90 per cent. In mesenchymal tumours, the scores were significantly lower, the histological type being determined in only 20 per cent and 50 per cent, using brush and imprint cytology, respectively.  相似文献   

15.
The histological grade of 340 cutaneous mast cell tumours derived from 280 dogs was determined by an established histological grading system; 87 of the tumours (26 per cent) were well differentiated, 199 (59 per cent) were intermediately differentiated and 54 (16 per cent) were poorly differentiated. The one-year survival rates for the dogs with tumours of these three grades were significantly different (P = 0.0001), being 100 per cent, 92 per cent and 46 per cent, respectively. The median survival time for the dogs with poorly differentiated tumours was 278 days, significantly shorter than that for the dogs with either intermediately or well-differentiated tumours, which were both over 1300 days. Regrowth of the tumours was identified in 10 (19 per cent) of the dogs with poorly differentiated tumours, 12 (6 per cent) of the dogs with intermediately differentiated tumours and one of the dogs with well-differentiated tumours; only three of the tumours which regrew had initially had complete margins. The results suggest that wide surgical margins are not a prerequisite for a successful long-term outcome in dogs with well-differentiated cutaneous mast cell tumours.  相似文献   

16.
Urinary bladder neoplasms were diagnosed in 20 cats during an eight-year period. Histologic types included angioma, intravenous leiomyoma, adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, transitional cell carcinoma, leiomyosarcoma, haemangiosarcoma, lymphoma, and embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma. Malignant neoplasms (18/20; 90 per cent) and malignant epithelial neoplasms (12/20; 60 per cent) predominated. Adenocarcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas were almost as common as transitional cell carcinomas. All adenocarcinomas and most transitional cell carcinomas were exophytic, in contrast to all squamous cell carcinomas and most sarcomas which were endophytic. Metaplastic, hyperplastic, and in situ changes in the adjoining mucosa of the bladder were seen commonly in the cases of epithelial neoplasms; Brunn's nests were associated more with the adenocarcinomas than with the other epithelial tumours.  相似文献   

17.
The results of a retrospective survey of tumours and tumour-like lesions encountered in horses in a veterinary practice in south east Queensland between 1956 and 1978 are presented. Forty-two per cent of the lesions were examined histologically. The most commonly occurring neoplasms were the equine sarcoid, papilloma and squamous cell carcinoma of the eye and external genitalia. Neurofibroma was an important problem in the eyelid region. Intra-abdominal tumours were rarely encountered in this series.  相似文献   

18.
Between 1997 and 1999, 280 dogs with mast cell tumours were identified, of which 59 (21 per cent) had multiple tumours. Follow-up data for survival analysis were available for 145 dogs with single tumours and 50 dogs with multiple tumours. There was no significant difference between the survival times of the two groups; the survival rates after 12 and 24 months were 88 per cent and 83 per cent, respectively, for the dogs with single tumours, and 86 per cent at both intervals for the dogs with multiple tumours. Eight of the dogs with single tumours had lymph node metastases (stage II disease) and these dogs had a median survival time of 431 days, whereas the 50 dogs with multiple tumours (classified as stage III disease) and the dogs with single tumours (classified as stage I disease) had not reached their median survival times. Golden retrievers appeared to be predisposed to developing multiple tumours in the population studied, with an odds ratio of 3.8. This study found no evidence that dogs with multiple tumours had different survival times than those with single tumours, although there was evidence that the presence of lymph node metastasis generally carried a poorer prognosis.  相似文献   

19.
A young labrador dog had a rapidly enlarging osteolytic lesion of the left maxillary bone. The histological diagnosis was central giant cell granuloma. This is a benign, non-neoplastic lesion that has some radiographic and histological similarities to malignant bone tumours of this region. The importance of biopsy in making the diagnosis is emphasised because surgical treatment of central giant cell granuloma by resection or curettage usually resolves these lesions.  相似文献   

20.
Primary and secondary bone tumours in the cat   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
Both primary and secondary bone tumours are rare in cats. Of the twenty-four cases of primary bone tumour, benign or malignant, in the cats of our study, the most common tumour was osteosarcoma (fifteen cats). The osteosarcomas tended to occur in aged female domestic short-hair cats; nine of the fifteen originated in the long bones of the extremities and three involved the skull. Four juxtacortical osteosarcomas, three chondro-sarcomas, and one example each of oesteoma and osteoid osteoma were found. The four juxtacortical osteosarcomas developed in relation to cranial bones, a location not recorded previously in cats.
Of the five tumour-like lesions of bone simulating primary tumours, three were aneurysmal bone cysts and two were fibrous dysplasias.
Of the twenty-nine cats with soft tissue tumours or tumour-like lesions involving bone, eleven had fibrosarcoma, eight had squamous cell carcinoma, three had lymphosarcoma, two had rhabdomyosarcoma, and one example of each was malignant melanoma, haemangiosarcoma, reticulum-cell sarcoma, meningioma and myositis ossificans.
Osteoid osteoma, fibrous dysplasia and myositis ossificans were not previously recorded in the cat.  相似文献   

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