共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 640 毫秒
1.
秋水仙素处理离体叶片获得皇家嘎拉苹果四倍体植株 总被引：30，自引：5，他引：25
采用皇家嘎拉苹果（Malus domestica Borkh．）离体新梢叶片作为外植体，研究了不同浓度的秋水仙素长时间处理（5 d）诱导四倍体的效率。结果表明，以不定芽再生培养基附加25 mg／L秋水仙素效果最好，最高在36．7％的叶片外植体上获得了四倍体植株。高浓度（75～200 mg／L）秋水仙素处理严重抑制组织的再生。采用流式细胞技术测定出诱变植株的细胞核DNA含量比对照高出一倍，确定了植株为四倍体。四倍体植株不仅在遗传上而且在外观形态上也明显区别于二倍体。四倍体植株已移栽于大田，并进行了嫁接育苗和大树高接。 相似文献
2.
秋水仙素处理离体叶片获得皇家嘎拉苹果四倍体植株 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
采用皇家嘎拉苹果（Malus domestica Borkh.)离体新梢叶片作为外植体，研究了不同浓度的秋水仙素长时间处理（5d)诱导四倍本的效率。结果表明，以不定芽再生培养基附加25mg/L秋水仙素效果最好，最高在36．7％的叶片外植体上获得了四倍体植株。高浓度（75－200mg/L)秋水仙素处理严重抑制组织的再生。采用流式细胞技术测定出诱变植株的细胞核DNA含量比对照高出一倍，确定了植株为四倍体。四倍体植株不仅在遗传上而且在外观形态上也明显区别于二倍体。四倍体植株已移栽于大田，并进行了嫁接育苗和大树高接。 相似文献
3.
在电子显微镜下可以看到苹果四倍体皇家嘎拉花粉畸形率明显高于二倍体.四倍体花粉粒形态与二倍体无明显差异,赤道面观均为椭圆形,极面观均为三裂圆形.但四倍体花粉(平均为47.735μm×23.25μm)明显大于二倍体(平均为45.45μm×19.05μm),并且四倍体花粉的萌发沟较二倍体浅. 相似文献
4.
苹果新品种皇家嘎拉的引种观察初报姜林（青岛市农科所２６６１００）皇家嘎拉（Ｒｏｙａｌ）是１９７１年在新西兰发现的嘎拉浓红型芽变品种，１９７４年由麦肯齐发表。我国１９８０年从日本长野县引入，我所１９９０年引进。通过连续几年的高接和定植幼树观察，认为是目... 相似文献
5.
苹果叶片离体培养中秋水仙素加倍效应的研究 总被引：15，自引：0，他引：15
用不同浓度的秋水仙素溶液处理苹果的栽培品种嘎拉试管苗的离体叶片，发现以０．５％的秋水仙素溶液处理４ｄ效果最佳，诱变频率达５６．１％。诱变后获得的四倍体植株在形态学和细胞学上发生了明显变异。 相似文献
6.
<正>1998年山西省翼城县里砦镇天马村王明理引进了皇家嘎拉接穗,并在其果园中高接了16株树,其后发现有一株皇家嘎拉苹果树上的枝条生长异常,果实成熟期比同株皇家嘎拉提 相似文献
7.
8.
9.
诱导金鱼草多倍体的初步研究 总被引：19，自引：1，他引：18
本文叙述了用秋水仙素水溶液处理金鱼草种子获得多倍体的方法，以及对获得的四倍体金鱼草（2n=32）与二倍体对照苗（2n=16)进行了形态、细胞学及气孔的观察比较。试验结果表明，浓度为0.3--0.5%的溶液处理24小时诱变效果较好，诱变率可达10--11.4%。镜检发现诱变植株的染色体多为混倍体，必须将混倍体形态明显似多倍体的部位进行扦插才可获得四倍体。四倍体金鱼草的形态从子叶期到大苗的各个发育阶段均与二倍体有明显差异，表现为叶子增厚、变形，气孔增大，花瓣增厚、增大，花期晚，自花授粉不孕等。四倍体植株的花粉因减数分裂异常，全部败育，是四倍体自花授粉不孕的主要原因。 相似文献
10.
11.
抗菌肽MB39基因导入‘皇家嘎啦’苹果及其四倍体植株的培育 总被引：22，自引：1，他引：21
采用农杆菌介导法, 将抗菌肽MB39基因转入‘皇家嘎啦’苹果, 获得了7 个转基因株系。通过秋水仙素诱变染色体组工程育种技术, 由转化体叶片获得了20 个四倍体植株。经PCR 检测和Southern Blotting 杂交证明, 抗菌肽MB39基因已经整合到皇家嘎啦苹果的染色体组中。转基因株系TR21、TR23 提高了对火疫病的抗性。采用流式细胞技术( Flow Cytometry) 确定植株为四倍体。 相似文献
12.
套袋对皇家嘎拉苹果贮藏过程中香气成分的影响 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
采用静态顶空(SHS)和气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)技术,分析了皇家嘎拉苹果0℃贮藏过程中香气成分的变化。结果表明:(1)套袋导致皇家嘎拉苹果采收时香气物质相对质量分数降低。套双层袋皇家嘎拉苹果采收时测定的香气有5类27种,套单层袋皇家嘎拉苹果采收时测定的香气有3类28种,而不套袋皇家嘎拉苹果的香气物质为6类31种;(2)0℃下贮藏过程中,套袋和不套袋皇家嘎拉苹果果实香气种类呈上升趋势,至贮藏90d时,不套袋苹果香气物质的种类增加最多,增加了18种,套双层袋果实增加最小为7种。(3)0℃下贮藏过程中,皇家嘎拉苹果香气物质相对质量分数呈下降趋势,其中以不套袋苹果降幅最大,降低了11.70%,单层袋果实降幅最小,降低了4.78%。(4)套袋导致皇家嘎拉苹果特征香气物质相对质量分数降低。皇家嘎拉苹果特征香气物质是:乙酸丁酯、乙酸己酯、乙酸-2-甲基丁酯、2-甲基-丁酸己酯、己醇、己醛。皇家嘎拉苹果属于酯香型。 相似文献
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
J. W. Palmer J. N. Wünsche M. Meland A. Hann 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2013,88(6):712-717
SummaryAnnual dry-matter production was estimated from eight year old apple trees of ‘Fuji’, ‘Braeburn’ and ‘Royal Gala’ on rootstock M.9, trained as slender spindles, in a spacing trial with trees spaced at 1.3, 1.5, 1.9 and 2.4 m within the row with tree rows 3.5 m apart. Light interception was recorded at intervals during the season. Both fresh weight yield and total dry-matter production were linear functions of light interception, with a higher slope recorded for the two late season cultivars compared with the early maturing ‘Royal Gala’. Comparison of the relationship between mid-season light interception and apple yields with published values from elsewhere, reveals that the slope of the relationship is enhanced under New Zealand conditions. The relationship suggests an upper limit of yield of 169 t ha–1 at 90% light interception, slightly higher than the maximum yield recorded of 163 t ha–1. Energy conversion of intercepted light over the growing season into dry-matter production was similar to that observed in the United Kingdom, suggesting that the major climatic advantage in New Zealand over the United Kingdom is the higher growing season radiation integral. Dry matter was allocated in the order fruit>woody tissue>leaves, with partitioning to the fruit of 74, 72 and 63% for ‘Braeburn’, ‘Fuji’ and ‘Royal Gala’, respectively. Under New Zealand conditions, sustainable 70% harvest index values may be achievable for mature apple trees on dwarfing rootstock with late maturing cultivars. 相似文献
18.
A. J. Hall D.S. Tustin H.N. De Silva C.J. Stanley 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2013,88(4):424-430
SummaryThe size distribution of fruit on an apple tree on any potential harvest date can be estimated by measuring a sample of fruit early in the season and projecting forward in time using standard growth curves. However, ‘Royal Gala‘ apples grown in New Zealand are picked in multiple harvests spread over about three weeks, so the overall size distribution of harvested fruit can differ significantly from that on any single harvest date. On each havest date, fruit are selected for picking according to background colour, not size. By measuring the sizes at harvest of all fruit on selected limbs of eight ‘Royal Gala‘ trees in Hawkes Bay, New Zealand, we show that the relationship between the size distributions of picked and unpicked fruit can be described by a single-parameter model. Although size is not used directly in fruit selection, we find that larger fruit still tend to be picked first, with the odds of a fruit being selected approximately doubling for each 20.g increase in size. The mean harvest fruit size is largest for the first harvest, and decreases in later harvests, despite ongoing fruit growth. Because the smaller fruit left on the trees continue to grow, the standard deviation of the overall fruit size distribution from multiple harvests can be expected to be significantly smaller than it would have been had all fruit been harvested on the same date. The model is tested using size and background colour measurements collected on tagged fruit at three sites in two years, including a range of shading and crop load treatments. For most combinations of site, year and treatment, the model predicted the size distribution of picked fruit well, but in a few cases a different parameter value was need to obtain a good fit. 相似文献