共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 203 毫秒
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通过相差显微镜,对我国东北地区野生抗寒草种偃麦草(Elytrigia repens L)的非质体蛋白质溶液在低温下冰晶生长的形态和动向的多样性进行了观察.结果表明,偃麦草非质体蛋白质对冰晶形态、不同形态冰晶生长速度、生长方向有明显影响.其中六角形冰晶体积增长最快,柱形冰晶其次,双锥形冰晶生长较慢,针状冰晶生长最慢;偃麦草非质体蛋白质修饰的冰晶在生长过程受生长空间限制,如没有其他颗粒影响,在一定温度范围内单体冰晶保持原有形状,缓慢生长;而有其他颗粒限制时,冰晶形状发生有限的不规则变化或停止生长. 相似文献
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一、前言 在分光计上,将望远镜直接对准平行光管,看到的狭缝像是直的,然而放上三棱镜后,视场里的谱线却都是弯曲的,并有如下特点:弯曲的方向总是朝向棱镜顶角;不同波长的谱线弯曲的程度不同;不同材料的棱镜谱线弯曲的程度也不相同。对上述现象本文给予认真的分析和计算,然后给出谱线的正确测量位置。 假定:分光计已调好,即棱镜主截面、平行光管光轴和望远镜光轴三者都与仪器中心转轴垂直,狭缝位于透镜焦平面上;棱镜内部各处折射率均匀;用钠光灯做光源。 相似文献
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玉米种子定向入土方式与叶片空间分布关系 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
为明确玉米定向叶片分布群体构建的可行性,为播种机械设计提供理论依据,选择紧凑型的先玉335(75 000株·hm-2)和平展型的吉单50(55 000株·hm-2)为试验材料,通过设置种子定向入土方式,测定玉米生长过程中玉米叶片的叶基方位角及果穗方位角,对种子定向入土方式和玉米叶片空间分布之间的关系进行探讨。试验共设4个处理,分别为:(A)胚面平行于地面且朝上,种子长轴方向平行于垄向,种尖朝北;(B)胚面平行于地面且朝上,种子长轴方向垂直于垄向,种尖朝东;(C)胚面垂直于垄向且向北,种尖朝下;(D)随机播种。所有处理均为南北行向种植。结果表明,在试验设计密度下,种子定向入土方式对玉米基部叶片的定向效果明显,但在玉米中上部,叶片的定向率减小,相邻叶片间的夹角未表现出差异。在不同处理中,使叶片垂直于垄向的种子入土方式为处理B,即胚面平行于地面且朝上,种子长轴方向垂直于垄向。因此,通过玉米种子定向入土方式的选择可以在一定程度上实现玉米叶片空间的有序排列。 相似文献
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对2007年4月12日辽宁一次飞机人工增雨过程进行分析,结果表明：在天气形势和水汽条件适宜的条件下,通过对云系的适当部位播撒催化剂,促使大量的人工冰核迅速形成冰晶,从而引发贝吉龙过程,可以增加地面降水。 相似文献
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荔枝汁冷冻浓缩冰晶生长的动力学分析和相场模拟 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
针对冷冻浓缩工艺因冰晶夹带造成果汁中可溶性固形物损失的问题,以荔枝汁为研究对象,探讨冷冻浓缩过程冰晶生长的影响因素。在采用冷冻浓缩动力学模型进行分析的基础上,借鉴国内外金属微观结构研究领域的相场模型,模拟冰晶生长的规律。结果表明:冰晶增长速率与冰晶质量成正比,同时也受最大冰晶质量的抑制。相场模拟冷冻时间越长,降温速率越大,冰晶枝状越发达,引起冰晶的夹带率越高,果汁可溶性固形物损失越大。 相似文献
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植物抗冻蛋白及其高级结构研究进展 总被引：13，自引：2，他引：13
抗冻蛋白是一类能控制冰晶生长和抑制冰晶之间发生重结晶的蛋白质．并具有两种明显不同的活性——热滞活性和重结晶抑制活性．植物抗冻蛋白的抗冻特性是低热滞活性和高重结晶抑制活性．植物抗冻蛋白虽然在DNA和氨基酸水平上具有较大的差异-几乎没有同源性，但却拥有相似的高级结构．冰晶结合位点也有一定的相似性．而且都可以通过“表面互补”模型较好地解释它们与冰晶之间的相互作用．全面介绍了植物抗冻蛋白的种类及特性，以及它们的高级结构和冰晶结合位点． 相似文献
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Ice crystals in the form of right hexagonal prisms have faces that form 90 degrees prisms. Light rays were traced through these prism faces by computer calculation, and the light patterns that would be produced in the sky for a particular distribution of crystal orientations were simulated. Crystals with random orientations produce a 46 degrees halo. Hexagonal plate crystals with nearly horizontal end faces produce circumzenithal and circumhorizontal arcs. Hexagonal column crystals with horizontal axes produce supralateral and infralateral arcs. Plate crystals spinning about a horizontal axis that is a face diagonal of the crystal produce a series of arcs touching the 46 degrees halo. Each of these effects was simulated for several elevations of the sun. 相似文献
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Whalley E 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1981,211(4480):389-390
Refraction of sunlight at the angle of minimum deviation between octahedral faces of crystals of ice Ic in the upper atmosphere could produce a halo around the sun or the moon at 27.46 degrees . Crystals of hexagonal ice having low-index faces cannot produce a halo of this radius. It is therefore suggested that Scheiner's halo, which has been reported at least four times since 1629 at 28 degrees from the sun, is due to ice Ic. If this is correct, it is apparently the first evidence that ice Ic occurs naturally and that liquid water can freeze to ice Ic. 相似文献
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Electron micrographs and x-ray diffraction patterns of crystals of ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase, probably the most abundant protein on earth, have provided new details of the arrangement of subunits. The eight large subunits and eight small subunits are clustered in two layers, perpendicular to a fourfold axis of symmetry. Viewed down the fourfold axis, the molecule is square-shaped. 相似文献
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Siegert MJ Welch B Morse D Vieli A Blankenship DD Joughin I King EC Vieli GJ Payne AJ Jacobel R 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2004,305(5692):1948-1951
Upstream of Byrd Station (West Antarctica), ice-penetrating radar data reveal a distinctive fold structure within the ice, in which isochronous layers are unusually deep. The fold has an axis more than 50 kilometers long, which is aligned up to 45 degrees to the ice flow direction. Although explanations for the fold's formation under the present flow are problematic, it can be explained if flow was parallel to the fold axis approximately 1500 years ago. This flow change may be associated with ice stream alterations nearer the margin. If this is true, central West Antarctica may respond to future alterations more than previously thought. 相似文献
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New techniques that have been used to obtain a continuous ice core through the whole 416-meter thickness of the Ross Ice Shelf at Camp J-9 have demonstrated that the bottom 6 meters of the ice shelf consists of sea ice. The rate of basal freezing that is forming this ice is estimated by different methods to be 2 centimeters of ice per year. The sea ice is composed of large vertical crystals, which form the waffle-like lower boundary of the shelf. A distinct alignment of the crystals throughout the sea ice layer suggests the presence of persistent long-term currents beneath the ice shelf. 相似文献
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Spiral-defect populations in low-Prandtl number Rayleigh-Bénard convection with slow rotation about a vertical axis were measured in carbon dioxide at high pressure. The results indicate that spirals act like "thermally excited" defects and that the winding direction of a spiral is analogous to a magnetic spin. Rotation about a vertical axis, the spiral analog of the magnetic field, breaks the zero-rotation chiral symmetry between clockwise and counterclockwise spiral defects. Many properties of spiral-defect statistics are well described by an effective statistical-mechanical model. 相似文献
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冷冻浓缩过程冰晶生长的相场法模拟 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以水为原料,利用相场模型从微观上对冰晶生长机制进行模拟,结果表明:随着过冷时间的延长,冰晶的分枝逐渐发达;随着过冷度的增高,冰晶的分枝也逐渐发达.表明控制过冷时间和过冷度是冷冻浓缩过程中降低冰晶夹带率的重要措施. 相似文献
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A previously unknown solid phase of H2O has been identified by its peculiar growth patterns, distinct pressure-temperature melting relations, and vibrational Raman spectra. Morphologies of ice crystals and their pressure-temperature melting relations were directly observed in a hydrothermal diamond-anvil cell for H2O bulk densities between 1203 and 1257 kilograms per cubic meter at temperatures between -10 degrees and 50 degreesC. Under these conditions, four different ice forms were observed to melt: two stable phases, ice V and ice VI, and two metastable phases, ice IV and the new ice phase. The Raman spectra and crystal morphology are consistent with a disordered anisotropic structure with some similarities to ice VI. 相似文献
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Replication of ice crystals with vapor of methyl 2-cyanoacrylate has produced evidence of whiskers on them; an additional mechanism for the necessary multiplication of ice crystals in the atmosphere is suggested. This replication technique also confirms crystal clustering in the atmosphere and appears to confirm the distribution of electrical charge on ice crystals. 相似文献
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Secondary ice crystals are thrown off when supercooled cloud drops are captured and freeze on a moving target in a cloud at -5 degrees C. The rate of production of these ice crystals is proportional to the rate of accretion of drops of the diameter >/=24 micrometers. 相似文献