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1.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of late-phase reactions to intradermal testing with Dermatophagoides farinae in healthy dogs and dogs with atopic dermatitis and an immediate reaction to D farinae. ANIMALS: 6 healthy dogs and 20 dogs with atopic dermatitis and immediate reactions to D farinae. PROCEDURE: ntradermal tests were performed with D farinae at 1:1,000 wt/vol and 1:50,000 wt/vol concentrations, and skin reactivity was evaluated after 0.25, 6, and 24 hours. Serum D farinae-specific IgE antibodies were assayed. Extent of lesions (atopy index) and pruritus (visual analogue scale) were evaluated in dogs with atopic dermatitis. RESULTS: Late-phase reactions were observed in healthy dogs at 6 hours (n = 2 dogs) and 24 hours (1) with the 1:1,000 wt/vol concentration, and at 6 hours (1) and 24 hours (1) with the 1:50,000 wt/vol concentration of allergen. Late-phase reactions in healthy dogs were only observed in dogs with an immediate reaction to D farinae. Late-phase reactions were observed in 11 of 20 dogs with atopic dermatitis at 6 and 24 hours with the 1:1,000 wt/vol concentration and in 10 of 20 at 6 and 24 hours with the 1:50,000 wt/vol concentration of allergen. There was no difference in mean atopy index, mean visual analogue scale of pruritus, or mean serum D farinae-specific IgE concentration of dogs with a late-phase reaction, compared to dogs without a late-phase reaction. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Late-phase reactions may be observed after an immediate reaction to intradermal skin testing in healthy and allergic dogs but are more commonly observed in dogs with atopic dermatitis.  相似文献   

2.
OBJECTIVE: To compare responses to a variety of intradermally injected allergens among healthy horses and horses with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), recurrent urticaria (RU), and atopic dermatitis-insect hypersensitivity (allergic dermatitis [AD]). DESIGN: Case-control study. ANIMALS: 86 horses. PROCEDURE: Results of intradermal testing for horses with COPD, RU, or AD were compared with results for healthy horses. RESULTS: Compared with healthy horses, horses with COPD, RU, and AD were significantly more likely to have positive (> or = 3+) reactions to intradermal allergens (molds, weeds, trees, grasses-crops, and insects) 30 minutes (immediate reaction), 4 hours (late-phase reactions), and 24 hours (delayed-phase reactions) after exposure. In addition, diseased horses reacted to a significantly higher number of allergens in each allergen group than did healthy horses. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Reactions to individual allergens should not be used to determine that horses have hypersensitivity. Overall patterns of reactivity to intradermal allergens may be helpful in management when used in conjunction with a compatible history and evidence of potential exposure to allergens in horses with conditions associated with hypersensitivity to environmental allergens.  相似文献   

3.
In canine and human atopic patients, the intracutaneous injection of offending allergens is followed by the development of both immediate and late-phase reactions. The present study was performed to expand on the characterization and dynamics of inflammatory cell subsets during IgE-mediated late-phase reactions in canine skin. Three normal dogs and three Dermatophagoides farinae -allergic dogs were selected for this experiment. All dogs were challenged intradermally with mite allergen, purified anticanine IgE antibodies (positive control) or phosphate-buffered saline (negative control). Skin biopsies were obtained before and 6, 12 and 24 h post-injection. Sections were stained with metachromatic and eosinophil-specific histological stains. Additionally, we used an immunohistochemical method with antibodies specific for canine leukocyte antigens. This study confirmed the occurrence of a late-phase reaction in atopic skin following allergen challenge, and in normal and atopic canine skin after intradermal injection of IgE-specific antibodies. Whereas early emigrating dermal cells were composed chiefly of neutrophil and activated eosinophil granulocytes, there was an influx of αβ T-lymphocytes and dermal dendritic cells in later stages of the late-phase reactions. Because IgE-mediated late-phase reactions resemble spontaneous atopic canine skin lesions, both at macroscopic and microscopic levels, we propose the use of similar challenges to study the anti-inflammatory effects of anti-allergic drugs in a pre-clinical setting.  相似文献   

4.
The ability to use ciclosporin (Atopica®: Novartis Animal Health, Greensboro, NC, USA) prior to intradermal testing (IDT) would help avoid exacerbation of clinical disease that can be associated with drug withdrawal. This study evaluated the effects of 30 days of administration of ciclosporin at a dose of 5 mg/kg once daily on IDT reactivity (immediate phase reactions) in a group of dogs with atopic dermatitis (AD) with initial positive IDT reactions. 16 dogs diagnosed with AD were included in the study. Eight dogs (group A) were treated with ciclosporin orally at 5 mg/kg once daily for 30 days. Eight dogs (group P) were treated with a placebo orally once daily for 30 days. IDT was performed at day 0 and day 30 on all dogs enrolled using a standardized panel of 45 aqueous allergens (Greer Laboratories, Lenoir, NC, USA) appropriate to our geographical region. IDT reactivity was assessed by both subjective and objective methods at 15 min post‐intradermal injection. Serum for allergen‐specific immunoglobulin (IgE) serology was obtained at day 0 and day 30. The study was designed as a double‐blinded, placebo‐controlled, cross‐over study. Data were analysed using a split‐plot analysis of variance with the grouping factor of treatment and the repeat factor of time (SAS System for Windows). At week 4, ciclosporin did not have a statistically significant effect on IDT reactivity or serology results. It therefore appears that, no withdrawal is recommended to evaluate immediate phase reactions.  相似文献   

5.
Tacrolimus ointment (TAC) is an effective treatment for atopic dermatitis in humans and dogs. The purposes of the present study were to evaluate the effect of 4 weeks of TAC on intradermal skin testing (IST), and in case of suppression, to investigate if reactivity returned to baseline by 2 or 4 weeks post treatment. Intradermal skin test was performed using saline, histamine, lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 0.4 mg mL(-1)), house dust (25 PNU mL(-1)) and house dust mite (1 : 40 000 w/v) at weeks 0, 4, 6 and 8 on nine dogs enrolled in a blinded, crossover, clinical trial, using 0.1% TAC or placebo once daily for 4 weeks. Reactions were evaluated at 15 min, and at 4 and 6 h. Ointment was applied after the 15-min evaluation on weeks 0 and 4. Data were analysed using the statistical software SAS System for Windows. At week 4, TAC did not affect 15-min IST, but some reactions in the TAC group were suppressed at 6 h compared to baseline. In the TAC group, 4-h IST reactivity was reduced 2 weeks after discontinuation but returned to baseline by 4 weeks. In conclusion, TAC has no effect on immediate reactions but decreased some late-phase reactions. Therefore, no withdrawal is recommended to evaluate only immediate reactions, but a 4-week withdrawal may be necessary for evaluation of late-phase reactions.  相似文献   

6.
Ten laboratory beagles were used to determine whether a 1 per cent hydrocortisone conditioner applied topically for three consecutive days would inhibit IgE-mediated immediate and late-phase reactions induced in their skin. The trial was blinded, controlled with the product's vehicle and designed with a crossover. It consisted of three phases: one period without treatment (control phase) and two periods of treatment with either the active ingredient or the vehicle. Immediate and late-phase reactions were induced by the intradermal injection of rabbit anti-canine IgE polyclonal antibodies. Twenty minutes after the intradermal challenge, the diameter of the wheal, but not the erythematous flares, were significantly reduced after the application of the active product. In contrast, IgE-mediated cutaneous late-phase reactions, evaluated by measurements of dermal thickness and eosinophil counts six hours after challenge and the numbers of dermal CD3-positive T lymphocytes after 24 hours, were not reduced by its application.  相似文献   

7.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate a model for atopic dermatitis (AD) and to measure the effect of sensitization in Beagles genetically predisposed to produce high serum concentrations of allergen specific IgE. ANIMALS: 22 laboratory Beagles. PROCEDURE: Seventeen dogs were sensitized from birth to 3 allergens (recombinant birch pollen, Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, and D farinae). Five nonsensitized dogs from the same litters served as controls. Clinical scoring, regular intradermal testing, measurement of serum concentrations of allergen-specific IgE, and collection of biopsy specimens of skin at 23, 32, and 43 weeks of age were performed. Serial tissue sections were stained for identification of IgE+ cells, mast cells and their subtypes, T-cells, Langerhans cells, and major histocompatibility complex class-II+ cells. At the age of 15 months, dogs were continuously exposed to 2 microg of mite allergen/g of dust. RESULTS: Sensitized dogs had positive intradermal test reactions and significantly higher serum concentrations of allergen specific IgE, compared with nonsensitized dogs. In sensitized and nonsensitized dogs, a significantly higher number of mast cells was found at predilection sites, compared with the control biopsy site. The number of mast cells at predilection sites increased with age. Sensitization significantly increased the number of epidermal Langerhans cells by 23 weeks of age. The number of epidermal Langerhans cells significantly increased in nonsensitized dogs by 32 weeks of age. Clinical scoring only revealed mild transient erythema in some dogs. CONCLUSIONS: increases in concentrations of serum allergen-specific IgE and exposure to allergens is not sufficient to induce clinical signs of AD in genetically predisposed dogs.  相似文献   

8.
Skin reactivity to intradermal injections (0.1, 0.5 and 1 nm ) of substance P (SP) was evaluated in 20 clinically normal dogs and 20 dogs with atopic dermatitis (AD). Saline and histamine were used as negative and positive controls, respectively. Wheal diameters were measured. Reactions were evaluated for erythema and induration and a subjective score, on a scale from 0 to 4+, was given. Evaluations were performed at 3, 5, 10, 15 and 30 min after the injections. Wheal diameters for histamine and SP injections were significantly smaller in dogs with AD compared with clinically normal dogs. In both groups, reactions to the various concentrations of SP were not significantly different from each other and were always smaller than histamine reactions. Erythema was not seen with SP injections. In addition, subjective scores for SP injections were significantly lower in dogs with AD compared with controls. The results of this study are similar to those reported in human medicine, where a role for SP in AD is proposed and desensitization of receptors to both SP and histamine is hypothesized. Further studies are needed to investigate the role of SP in the pathogenesis of canine AD.  相似文献   

9.
We compared the effect of propofol and saline control on intradermal test reactions in dogs with atopic dermatitis undergoing outpatient intradermal testing (IDT). Nineteen dogs were used in this clinical study. Patients were randomly allocated to receive either intravenous (IV) propofol or IV 0.9% saline, and IDT was performed on the right or left (randomized) lateral thorax. One investigator, unaware of the treatments, interpreted all IDT results. Injection sites were analysed using a subjective and objective method. A value of P or= 1+ on all dogs, significantly more positive sites were apparent during propofol sedation than during saline administration. In addition, the greater number of individual dogs experiencing more positive reactions >or= 1+ during propofol sedation was significant. When subjectively analysing reactions >or= 2+, the greater number of positive reactions and the greater number of dogs with more positive reactions observed during propofol treatment was not significantly different from the saline control. When analysed objectively, the greater number of positive reactions observed during propofol sedation was not significant. A greater number of dogs had higher subjective scores and larger objective measurements during propofol sedation compared with saline administration. In summary, propofol sedation was associated with an overall greater number of positive IDT reactions compared with the saline control. Although not always significant, this difference should be considered when choosing propofol for skin testing dogs with atopic dermatitis.  相似文献   

10.
Immunotherapy to prevent recurrence of clinical signs of atopic dermatitis (AD) is based on intradermal or serological tests that assist in identifying allergen-specific immunoglobulin E hypersensitivities. Unfortunately, the results of such tests can be negatively influenced by several factors, which include the age of the patients, the season of testing and the administration of anti-allergic drugs. Screening to predict when these expensive tests will be useful would benefit owners of dogs with AD. The objectives of this study were to determine whether a point-of-care allergen-specific immunodot assay (Allercept E-Screen, Heska Corp., Ft Collins, CO, USA) could predict results of either intradermal or Allercept full panel serological tests in atopic dogs. Thirty dogs living in the south-eastern USA were diagnosed with AD in accordance with current standards. Allergen-specific intradermal, serological and E-Screen tests were performed in all subjects. For flea, house dust mite and pollen allergens altogether, results of the E-Screen assay agreed with those of intradermal and serological tests in 26/30 dogs (87%) and 25/30 dogs (83%), respectively. In this group of dogs, the probabilities of obtaining intradermal or serological tests positive for these allergens were 70 and 67%, respectively. If either skin or serum tests were performed only in dogs with positive E-Screen tests, the probability of obtaining positive results would be increased from 70 to 95% and from 67 to 90%, respectively. In this population of dogs with AD, results of the E-Screen point-of-care immunodot assay was found to often agree with those of allergen-specific intradermal or Allercept tests for selected allergen groups.  相似文献   

11.
Twenty-seven pruritic dogs were used in this study. When a hypoallergenic diet was fed to these 27 dogs for six weeks, none of the dogs showed improvement of the pruritus. These dogs had a history and clinical signs of atopic dermatitis (AD) as defined by Prelaud's diagnostic criteria. Subsequently, the 27 dogs were isolated for observation for two weeks in the hospital. In the isolation room in the veterinary clinic, cages and tableware were all stainless steel, and carpet was not used. A hypoallergenic diet was continuously fed to the 27 dogs for two weeks, during which time they were kept in the isolation room. PVAS (Pruritus Visual Analog Scale) was performed prior to starting the isolation, at the start of the study and 2 weeks after starting the isolation. In 17 dogs (63%) the pruritus improved in the isolation room. A statistically significant reduction (p < 0.01) of PLS (Pruritus liners score) was recorded 2 weeks after isolation. It was hypothesized that the 17 dogs whose pruritus improved in the isolation room had AD caused by an environmental antigen that was not present in the isolation room. Pruritus of the remaining 10 dogs (37%) did not improve. For 6/10 dogs, the intradermal allergy testing was positive for an environmental antigen. For 4/10 dogs, the intradermal allergy testing was negative for all environmental antigens. Dogs for which sensitivity to an environmental antigen was not identified were thought to have atopic-like dermatitis.  相似文献   

12.
Human and canine atopic dermatitis (AD) share an association with IgE specific to environmental allergens, but few studies have evaluated serum allergen‐specific IgE in nonatopic dogs. This study compared serum allergen‐specific IgE levels in 30 atopic and 18 nonatopic West Highland white terriers. Atopic dermatitis was confirmed using standard criteria. Nonatopic dogs were over 5 years of age and had no clinical signs or history of AD. Serum allergen‐specific IgE levels were measured with Allercept® IgE ELISAs using a 48‐allergen Australian panel. Positive reactions were defined as ≥150 ELISA absorbance units. Intradermal tests were performed in 16 atopic dogs, either at the time of or at various times prior to serum collection. In atopic dogs, the most common positive ELISA and intradermal test results were to Dermatophagoides farinae (11 of 30 dogs), but there were no statistically significant correlations between results from the two methods for any allergen. In nonatopic dogs, multiple high‐positive ELISA reactions were reported to 45 of 48 allergens, most commonly D. farinae and Tyrophagus putrescentiae (17 of 18 dogs each). Positive ELISA results in nonatopic dogs were statistically significantly higher than those in atopic dogs for 44 of 48 allergens, including two allergens (D. farinae and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus) commonly regarded as significant in canine AD. In conclusion, positive allergen‐specific IgE ELISAs were not specific for canine AD, and high allergen‐specific IgE levels were seen in nonatopic dogs. The clinical significance of this and whether it characterizes a protective phenotype is unclear.  相似文献   

13.
Immediate type hypersensitivity in dogs induced by storage mites   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
Results of intradermal skin tests on 53 dogs, employing storage mite extracts as antigen, indicated that storage mite allergy is fairly common. Only four of 29 dogs exhibiting no allergic symptoms showed skin reactions to the most common storage mite, Acarus siro, whereas 18 out of 24 dogs with symptoms assumed to be associated with allergy showed such reactions. The passive cutaneous transfer test revealed that an immediate type hypersensitivity reaction was involved.  相似文献   

14.
The objective of this study was to compare and analyze three common diagnostic methods for summer eczema (SE) in horses, an allergic dermatitis caused by bites of Culicoides spp. Nine horses with a medical history of SE and nine control animals were intradermally challenged with whole body extracts (WBE) and the saliva of a native (C. nubeculosus) and exotic (C. sonorensis) Culicoides species. Blood and serum samples of the horses were examined for basophil reactivity by a histamine release test (HRT) and for Culicoides-specific serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) and G (IgG) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results of intradermal testing (IDT) at 30min (immediate reactivity) and 4h (late-phase reactivity) post challenge with most insect preparations revealed significant differences between horses with and without SE. Overall, the HRT showed the most accurate results with a sensitivity of 1.00 for all Culicoides preparations and specificities of 0.78 (WBE) and 1.00 (saliva). By contrast, delayed reactions of the IDT (24h), and levels of Culicoides-specific IgE and IgG in the native serum showed little or no distinction between allergic and non-allergic horses. However, the use of purified serum IgE and IgG indicated the possibility for elevated titers of insect-specific serum immunoglobulins in horses with SE. The IDT and HRT did not reveal obvious differences in onset and intensity of positive reactions for the native verses exotic Culicoides species, whereas the ELISA showed slightly higher numbers of positive reactions for serum IgG with the indigenous species. Saliva, as compared to WBE, was found to have improved sensitivity and/or specificity for the HRT and for the late-phase immune reactions as measured by the IDT. Overall, the results indicate that allergy tests utilizing effector cells (mast cells, basophils) are more accurate in diagnosing SE in horses than serological analysis by ELISA.  相似文献   

15.
This study investigated intradermal test reactions to extracts of six species of mites in 150 dogs with atopic dermatitis. At least one positive reaction was seen in 120 animals (80%). Dermatophagoides farinae attracted the highest number of positive reactions (108 dogs, 90% of dogs and 72% of atopic dogs showing positive reactions). Positive reactions to other mites were not uncommon, with many dogs testing positive for Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (32% of dogs tested), Acarus siro (35%), Tyrophagus putrescentiae (30%), Glycyphagus domesticus (27%) and Lepidoglyphus destructor (23%). Sensitivity to D. farinae alone occurred commonly (57% of cases), but multiple sensitivities were seen frequently with the other mites. Cases of sensitivity to only one mite were also seen: D. pteronyssinus (five cases), T. putrescentiae (one case) and G. domesticus (one case). Further studies are needed to appreciate more clearly the precise role played by the different species of mite in canine atopic dermatitis.  相似文献   

16.
OBJECTIVE: To compare reactivities to intradermal injection of extracts of Dermatophagoides farinae, Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, house dust mite mix, and house dust in dogs suspected to have atopic dermatitis. DESIGN: Retrospective study. ANIMALS: 115 dogs. PROCEDURES: Records of all dogs suspected to have atopic dermatitis that underwent intradermal testing between October 1996 and July 1998 were reviewed. Reactivities to intradermal injection of crude mixed house dust mite (1:25,000 wt/vol) and crude house dust (25 PNU/ml) extracts were compared with reactivities to intradermal injection of individual extracts of D farinae and D pteronyssinus (1:50,000 wt/vol). RESULTS: Ninety dogs were confirmed to have atopic dermatitis including 61 of the 69 dogs with positive reactions to either or both of the individual house dust mite extracts. Intradermal testing with the mixed house dust mite extract had sensitivity of 75%, specificity of 96%, and accuracy of 83%. Intradermal testing with the house dust extract had sensitivity of 30%, specificity of 93%, and accuracy of 56%. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results suggest that use of crude mixed house dust mite and crude house dust extracts for intradermal testing in dogs is not as accurate a method of determining house dust mite hypersensitivity as is the use of individual D farinae and D pteronyssinus extracts mainly because of the high percentage of false-negative results. Extracts of individual house dust mites are recommended for intradermal testing of dogs suspected to have atopic dermatitis.  相似文献   

17.
The inhibitory effect of 0.0584% hydrocortisone aceponate spray on immediate- and late-phase skin reactions and the duration of inhibition after medication withdrawal were studied in 10 Maltese-beagle atopic dogs. All subjects were sprayed on axillary and inguinal regions and on one randomly chosen side of the thorax once daily for 14 (phase 1) or 7 days (phase 2). Intradermal injections (IDT) of histamine and anticanine IgE antiserum were performed bilaterally on the thorax before, 7 and 14 days after treatment. During phase 2, IDT was performed once weekly for 5 weeks. Each IDT was evaluated by an investigator blinded to the site of active treatment. Skin biopsies of 24-h anti-IgE-associated late-phase reactions were collected from both thoracic sides before and 14 days after treatment to determine the number of inflammatory cells and dermal thickness. Phase 1 : Histamine and anti-IgE-induced global wheal scores at treated sites were significantly lower after 7 and 14 days with negative reactions present in >90% of dogs. Late-phase reactions at both sides were also significantly decreased compared with that at baseline, and this was associated with reduced inflammatory cell influx. Moreover, a significant decrease in dermal thickness was recorded at treated sides after 14 days. Phase 2 : Histamine reactions became positive at untreated sides in all dogs 2 weeks after treatment. In conclusion, the 0.0584% hydrocortisone aceponate spray significantly decreased immediate- and late-phase IDT reactions, and prolonged application caused skin atrophy at treated sites. A 2-week withdrawal period prior to IDT is proposed.  相似文献   

18.
The purpose of this study was to develop and standardize a protocol for intradermal skin testing in birds. Forty clinically normal Hispaniolan Amazon parrots were anaesthetized and tested by intradermal injection with 0.02 mL of phosphate-buffered saline, histamine phosphate, compound 48/80, codeine phosphate, deionized water, antiavian IgG and rabbit serum. Injection sites were evaluated at 5, 10 and 15 min, 4–6, 24 and 48 h following injection using callipers to measure the diameter of the wheals. A second intradermal skin test was repeated in 20 birds with 0.03 mL of saline, compound 48/80 and codeine phosphate. This study provides the basis for an appropriate protocol for intradermal skin testing in parrots, including recommended site (proventer region), volume of injection (0.02 mL), negative control (saline), positive control (codeine phosphate 1 : 100 000 w/v) and optimum reading time (5 min). Further study to establish appropriate dosages for test antigen will be required.  相似文献   

19.
The anti-inflammatory effect of a triamcinolone topical solution (TTS) was evaluated by use of induced cutaneous immediate-type hypersensitivity reactions in dogs. Healthy dogs ( n  = 3) were treated on one side of the lateral thorax with TTS, and on the contralateral side with vehicle solution. After 7 days of treatment, serial dilutions of inflammatory stimuli (histamine, compound 48/80, anticanine IgE, substance P, and morphine sulphate) were injected intradermally on both sides. Resulting immediate reactions were subjectively scored, their diameters were measured in millimetres, and microcirculatory blood flow at each site was measured using laser Doppler velocimetry. The magnitude of the differences between TTS and vehicle-treated sides varied with the type of measurement and the stimulus used. With compound 48/80, anti-IgE, substance P, and morphine sulphate-injected sites, for at least one concentration, the reaction scores and sizes were notably less on the TTS-treated sides. Punch skin biopsy specimens were obtained from selected sites 24 h after injection. A pathologist examined stained tissue sections and scored each section as to degree of late-phase dermal cellular infiltrate. Dermal infiltrate scores were generally lower at the TTS-treated sites; the composite score from all TTS-treated sites was 30% lower than that from the vehicle-treated sites. Observations suggest that TTS may be effective in decreasing some aspects of the inflammatory response in canine skin.  相似文献   

20.
The cat flea, Ctenocephalides felis felis, is the major initiator of flea bite hypersensitivity in dogs. Previous analyses of whole extracts of the flea and flea salivary secretions have failed to identify the allergens responsible. We dissected >2000 salivary glands from adult female fleas, extracted them into buffered saline containing protease inhibitors and fractionated the extract using gel permeation HPLC. Dogs were classified as hypersensitive to fleas (flea-feeding positive, FF+) or insensitive (flea-feeding negative, FF-) using a provocative test with live fleas. The allergenicity of the components of the salivary gland extract was tested by intradermal injection of samples of the column eluates. Dogs were also injected intradermally with a sample of whole salivary gland extract, and with histamine as a positive control. Negative control injections consisted of eluate from the column collected prior to fractions containing any protein. The skin of FF- dogs either did not respond or had a minimal response (a bleb approximately 2 mm larger than the injection blebs at the negative control injection sites) to all fractions and to the whole extract; histamine control injections produced positive responses (defined as wheals 5 mm greater than the blebs at the negative control injection sites) in all dogs. The skin of three of the nine FF+ dogs reacted positively to injection of a fraction containing protein/s with apparent MW 40k. Five other FF+ dogs reacted positively to the fractions containing proteins with apparent MW 12-8k. A single dog responded with very large, red wheals to injection of both the approximately MW 40k and MW12-8k fractions. These findings suggest that proteins with apparent MW 40k and MW 12k-8k are important in flea bite hypersensitivity. This work also supports a previous finding that mice which had been exposed to flea bites had antibodies to proteins with approximately MW 40k that were detected in salivary secretions of the flea.  相似文献   

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