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基于图像的水稻灯诱害虫自动识别技术的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用灯光诱杀稻田害虫,并识别与计数这些害虫是水稻害虫的一种常规但非常重要的测报方法。在灯光诱杀的昆虫中,大多数昆虫是不需要测报的,因此,在人工识别灯诱测报害虫时,需要排除这些昆虫。这种人工识别与计数害虫的方法效率低、任务重、识别准确率差。我们提出了一种基于图像的水稻灯诱害虫自动识别方法。首先,根据测报害虫的形态特征对水稻灯诱昆虫图像进行初步分组,每组昆虫图像中包含一种测报害虫的背面图像、腹面图像和与其形态相似的非测报害虫图像,共3类;然后,提取组内每一张水稻昆虫图像的颜色、形态和纹理共31个特征参数;最后,利用带后验概率的SVM分类器对每组的3类昆虫图谱进行训练和测试,输出时同一种测报害虫的背面和腹面图像被视为同一种害虫。结果表明,3种较大个体的水稻灯诱测报害虫的平均识别准确率为97.4%。 相似文献
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图像特征和样本量对水稻害虫识别结果的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
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本研究对太阳能自控多方式诱虫灯诱捕槟榔害虫的效果进行了评价。结果表明,经过240 d,诱虫灯共诱捕害虫255 924头,共计8个目、26科、46种昆虫,其中鳞翅目害虫达到64.33%;诱虫灯诱虫数量、重量在8—11月增加,12—2月减少,3月后再增加,其诱虫数量变化与当地虫害发生规律相一致,且益虫仅占总虫量的0.80%;灯控区槟榔受虫害等级比非灯控区少1~3个等级,虫害发生等级控制在++以内。灯控区坐果率在开花结果初期、收获期明显高于非灯控区,明显降低落果率,单株产量达到10.96 kg,比非灯控区提高36.61%。因此,该型诱虫灯在槟榔园使用具有诱虫谱广,诱杀作用强的特点,可大幅减少虫害发生,提高坐果率,增加产量。 相似文献
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深度学习已经在农作物害虫实时监测的智能识别过程中广泛应用。以小贯小绿叶蝉（Empoasca onukii）识别模型为基础,研究深度学习在诱虫板上叶蝉识别中的应用,旨在提高小贯小绿叶蝉田间种群调查的准确性。本研究设计了一种茶园小贯小绿叶蝉的识别、计数方法,首先采用黄色诱虫板诱集小贯小绿叶蝉,利用相机对诱虫板进行图像采集并上传至服务器,然后通过服务器部署的目标检测算法,对图像中叶蝉进行识别与计数。通过算法筛选,确定YOLOv3作为识别算法,用改进后的Soft-NMS代替原来的NMS,用K-means聚类方法计算新的先验框的尺寸,提升YOLOv3对目标识别的速度和准确率。通过田间试验对比诱虫板上叶蝉的真实数量,结果显示优化后识别算法的准确率可达到95.35%以上。本研究验证了诱虫板诱集、目标识别算法和物联网技术相结合,能够为小贯小绿叶蝉田间种群的实时监测提供技术支持,可为其他具有颜色偏爱性昆虫的实时监测和茶园害虫综合治理提供参考。 相似文献
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试验结果表明,8-18W太阳能双波诱虫灯的单灯诱虫数量,随灯泡功率的增大渐趋增多;对稻螟蛉、大螟、二化螟、稻纵卷叶螟和稻叶蝉等稻田害虫的诱集峰次明显,预警作用较强;对稻螟蛉、稻纵卷叶螟和稻飞虱的田间有效控制距离分别为50 m、30 m和20 m左右,近灯区的虫量比远灯区可下降30%以上。 相似文献
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为准确评价杀虫灯对茶园害虫的诱杀效果,进一步减少农药使用量,于2020年7-8月进行了不同型号13盏杀虫灯的诱虫试验.灯下共诱集到4目16种茶树害虫,包括鳞翅目、半翅目、鞘翅目和同翅目.风吸式太阳能杀虫灯(型号AN-S-1009)诱杀数量最多(466头),可优先选择,鳞翅目占比85.62％,益害比1:465;电击式太阳能杀虫灯(型号YBHM-AC-40B)诱杀数量次之(345头),鳞翅目占比90.14％,未诱集到益虫,杀虫灯处理的茶园无任何毒害和污染. 相似文献
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应用太阳能灭虫器对花生田蛴螬诱杀效果的调查显示,该灭虫器可诱集到17种害虫,且主要为金龟子类;灯诱防治区相对农民自主化学防治区防治效果为81.28%;灯诱防治区相对农民自主化学防治区花生果和仁受害率下降89.98%;产量对比增产幅度达55.22%。表明该项技术可有效控制花生田蛴螬的危害。 相似文献
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茶尺蠖、小绿叶蝉、茶毛虫是信阳茶园三大主要害虫，近年来，笔者一直进行茶树病虫害绿色防控关键技术试验研究，通过利用性信息素试验引诱茶尺蠖5个世代、茶毛虫3个世代，总结出当虫口密度中低等时，性诱剂诱虫量与害虫的种群数量成正相关，长期在害虫成虫期使用，可以达到控制目的。通过多次田间试验和室内模拟试验相结合，筛选出4种高效低毒低残留脂溶性农药防治茶尺蠖，4种高效低毒低残留脂溶性农药防治小绿叶蝉。本试验着重进行茶园修剪、灯诱、色诱、蜘蛛、生物农药对害虫控制效果研究。通过对信阳茶区优势害虫进行一系列田间试验，集成一整套以农业防治、物理防治、生物防治、必要时采用脂溶性农药防治相结合的绿色防控技术，为信阳茶产业的可持续发展提供技术支撑。 相似文献
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本研究利用黄板、蓝板和混色色板对茶园小贯小绿叶蝉等常见昆虫进行诱集并比较结果,旨为茶园科学合理使用粘虫色板防治虫害提供理论依据.结果表明,三种色板对靶标害虫小贯小绿叶蝉诱集数量高低依次为混色板>黄板>蓝板,混色板的诱集数量为5.31头/面;对其他害虫诱集数量高低依次为黄板>混色板>蓝板,黄板的诱集数量为3.27头/面;对寄生性天敌昆虫诱集数量高低依次为混色板>黄板>蓝板,混色板的诱集数量为2.73头/面;对捕食性天敌昆虫诱集数量高低依次为蓝板>混色板>黄板,蓝板的诱集数量为0.73头/面;对中性昆虫诱集数量高低依次为黄板>蓝板>混色板,黄板的诱集数量为20.78头/面;对传粉昆虫诱集数量高低依次为蓝板>黄板>混色板,蓝板的诱集数量为1.27头/面.三种色板诱集茶园昆虫中益害比比值高低依次为蓝板>混色板>黄板,分别为:0.48、0.40和0.31.粘虫色板虽然对茶园害虫诱集效果较好,但其对有益昆虫的不利影响亦应引起高度重视. 相似文献
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花生是我国重要的经济和油料作物之一,黄淮海地区是我国重要的花生产区。本研究连续两年在田间开展了春花生和夏花生主要害虫分布调查与减药控害试验。结果表明:春花生和夏花生害虫均以蛴螬、蓟马、棉铃虫和花生蚜为主,其中花生蚜、蛴螬为害春花生重于夏花生。从防效来看,试验所采用的减药处理效果与常规用药差别不显著。通过采用特色地膜覆盖、性诱剂和食诱剂配施农药,春夏花生减药量为32.41%～44.33%,产量分别增加3.88%和4.07%;药剂成本分别增加1.18%和-4.55%,人工成本减少33.33%～40.00%;春夏花生总成本减少21.89%～28.15%,经济效益和生态效益优于常规管理。采用绿色防控技术进行害虫治理可以达到减药增效的目的。 相似文献
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湖南省水稻病虫害绿色防控现状及发展趋势 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
阐述了绿色防控理论的形成和发展,总结了湖南省水稻病虫害发生情况,介绍了湖南省开展水稻病虫绿色防控的做法及主推技术,并对湖南省水稻病虫绿色防控发展趋势进行了展望. 相似文献
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Insect pests are a key constraint to effective utilization of cereal crops in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), with damage caused by these pests in the stores of particular concern. Although a number of approaches have been advanced for control of storage pests of maize, uptake remains a challenge, with effectiveness of some approaches being questionable. We conducted a survey in western Kenya among 330 respondents using face to face interviews and focus group discussions to evaluate farmers' practices, knowledge and perceptions of storage pests of maize, and their current practices in managing such pests as a basis for development of efficient integrated pest management (IPM) approaches for the pests. Majority of the respondents stored maize in traditional granaries, with less than 10% of them using modern improved facilities, mainly due to inability to afford these. Majority of the respondents also cited attack of their stored grains by a number of insect pests, causing about 40% grain losses. The larger grain borer, Prostephanus truncatus (Horn) (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae), sawtoothed grain beetle, Oryzaephilus surinamensis (L) (Coleoptera: Silvanidae), and maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), were perceived as the most common and damaging pests. Farmers' perceptions of pests were positively and significantly influenced by level of education and farming experience, indicating that education and experience build farmers' understanding of storage pests. Storing maize in unshelled form seemed to result in less pest attack, although majority of the respondents stored their maize in shelled form. Moreover, local maize varieties were perceived to be resistant to pests. The farmers applied various control methods, with sun-drying being the most popular practice. Usage of pesticides was minimal, mainly due to high costs, lack of information, and unavailability of appropriate and effective products. There were also other cultural methods applied, such as use of smoke and insecticidal plants. The respondents decried lack of training and extension services on storage pests and their management, underscoring the need to develop extension services. The underlying mechanisms of the perceived pest resistance in local varieties of maize and cultural pest management methods need to be established for exploitation in development of effective IPM approaches. There is also need to address the challenges hindering uptake of modern storage and control approaches. 相似文献
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Dan O. Chellemi 《Crop Protection》2000,19(8-10):855-858
Adaptation and acceptance of pest control in low-input agriculture will be largely influenced by the approach used to manage soil-borne pests. A single tactic approach, consisting of the routine application of a broad spectrum biocide or biocides to disinfest soil is not compatible with the goal of minimizing inputs and will not have wide-scale applicability in low-input production systems. An integrated pest management (IPM) approach can be compatible with low-input systems but is often difficult to implement due to inherent constraints associated with identifying and treating organisms in the soil. Additionally, IPM will require more intensive knowledge of biological interactions in the soil and the timely management of that information, which may not be practical in low input systems. A pro-active approach, in which the production system is designed to avoid the outbreak of pests, minimizes the use of inputs in crop production by reducing the need for intervention treatments. Traditionally, the impact of soil-borne pests is not considered until after the production system has been designed and implemented. Combining biologically based pest control methods with a production system designed to minimize their impacts offers the most sustainable approach for low-input agriculture. 相似文献
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介绍了中国杂交水稻种子进入印度尼西亚市场所应采取的一系列技术性措施,主要包括市场准入、有害生物风险分析、非疫区生产基地建设、有害生物检测方法以及薰蒸和装船前检验等。这些措施使中国杂交水稻种子最终成功进入印度尼西亚市场。 相似文献
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分析了上思甘蔗主要虫害发生原因及特点:主要是与当地气候条件关系密切,粗放的栽培管理方式与不合理的施药方法是导致虫害泛滥成灾的人为因素。提出了防治对策:通过科学的栽培管理方式与综合防治虫害措施,可达到趋利避害、高产优质的甘蔗生产目标。 相似文献