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1.
Methyl jasmonate reduces chilling injury and maintains postharvest quality of mango fruit 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
González-Aguilar GA Fortiz J Cruz R Baez R Wang CY 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2000,48(2):515-519
Exposure of mango (Mangifera indica cv. Tommy Atkins) fruit to methyl jasmonate (MJ) vapors (10(-)(4) M) for 24 h at 25 degrees C reduced chilling injury during subsequent storage for 21 days at 7 degrees C and after 5 days of shelf life at 20 degrees C. The chilling tolerance induced by MJ was positively correlated with the reduction in the percent ion leakage of mango tissue. The overall quality of MJ-treated fruit was also better than that of control fruit. MJ treatment increased the total soluble solids but did not affect titratable acidity or pH. MJ also did not change the normal climacteric rise in respiration, water loss, and softening rates. The efficacy of MJ to reduce chilling injury and decay of mango could be related to the tolerance induced at low temperature. It was concluded that MJ treatment may prevent chilling injury symptoms of mango without altering the ripening process. 相似文献
2.
Postharvest diseases of mango fruit (Mangifera indica L.) cause economic losses during storage and can be controlled by chemical, physical, or biological methods. This study investigated the effects of different physical and/or chemical disease control methods on production of volatiles, color development and other quality parameters in ripe 'Kensington Pride' mango fruit. Hard mature green mango fruit were harvested from an orchard located at Carnavon, Western Australia. The fruit were heat-conditioned (8 h at 40 +/- 0.5 degrees C and 83.5 +/- 0.5% RH), dipped in hot water (52 degrees C/10 min), dipped in prochloraz (Sportak 0.55 mL x L(-1)/5 min), dipped in hot prochloraz (Sportak 0.55 mL x L(-1) at 52 degrees C/5 min), dipped in carbendazim (Spin Flo 2 mL x L(-1)/5 min), and dipped in hot carbendazim (Spin Flo 2 mL x L(-1) at 52 degrees C/5 min). Nontreated fruit served as control. Following the treatments, the fruit were air-dried and kept in cold storage (13 +/- 0.5 degrees C) for three weeks before being ripened at 21 +/- 1 degrees C. The ripe pulp of the fruit that was treated with hot prochloraz or carbendazim at ambient and high temperatures showed enhanced concentrations of volatiles, while heat conditioning and hot water dipping did not significantly affect the volatile development. Ripening time, and color development were measured daily while disease incidence and severity, weight loss, firmness, and concentrations of soluble solids, titratable acidity, ascorbic acid, total carotenoids, and volatiles were determined at the eating soft ripe stage. Hot water dipping or fungicide treatments (at ambient or at a high temperature) reduced postharvest diseases incidence and severity. Fruit quality (soluble solids concentration, titratable acidity, ascorbic acid and total caretonoids) was not substantially affected by any of the treatments. 相似文献
3.
Carla Verônica Corrêa Aline Mendes de Sousa Gouveia Bruno Novaes Menezes Martins Natália de Brito Lima Lanna Ana Emília Barbosa Tavares Veridiana Zocoler Mendonça 《Journal of plant nutrition》2018,41(10):1345-1350
The current study aimed to evaluate the effect of top-dressed potassium (K) application on the production of hybrid cucumber “Sapphire.” The experimental design was a randomized complete block, with five blocks of 0.80 × 0.40 m2 each and eight replicate plants per block. The five fertilization rates of K used were 0, 45, 90, 135, and 180 kg K2O ha?1. Data collection consisted of the estimation of fruit diameter, fruits length, fruit fresh and dry weights, the number of fruits per plant, and the weight of fruits per plant. The number of fruits per hectare and the fruit fresh weight per hectare were calculated. Fruit tissue was analyzed for determination of macronutrient concentrations, pH, titratable acidity, soluble solids, sugar contents, and protein content. The data were statistically analyzed using regression analysis and analysis of variance (ANOVA). There was a significant effect of the fertilization rate of K on fruit diameter, fruit fresh and dry weights, macronutrients concentrations in fruits, titratable acidity, soluble solids, and reducing sugars. A quadratic equation was adjusted for the number of fruits per plant and per hectare; fruit yield per plant and per hectare, with maximum top-dressing doses, was estimated to be between 60 and 95 kg K2O ha?1. A linear increase was obtained in the pH. An increase in the K fertilization rate caused a linear decrease in the fruit length. 相似文献
4.
Milella L Caruso M Galgano F Favati F Padula MC Martelli G 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2011,59(10):5293-5298
Thirteen cultivars and two hybrids of Clementine fruits (Citrus clementina Hort. Ex. Tan) cultivated in Italy were characterized according to pH, titratable acidity, total soluble solids, total polyphenols, carotenoids, vitamin C, hesperidin, rutin, narirutin and naringin and radical scavenging activity. The presence of rutin in Clementine fruit juice is reported for the first time here. The results indicated that all chemical parameters statistically differentiated each cultivar (P < 0.001). In particular, principal component analysis showed a clear discrimination of five cultivars from all the other varieties based on vitamin C and total polyphenols for the Caffin cultivar, which showed also the highest antioxidant activity; narirutin for the Etna hybrid cultivar; hesperidin, rutin and total soluble solids for the SRA 89 cultivar; and naringin, hesperidin and rutin for the Esbal cultivar. Moreover, the Mandalate hybrid cultivar showed the lowest antioxidant activity as well as vitamin C and total polyphenols content, while titratable acidity and naringin level were the highest. The antioxidant activity assessed in all the fruits was closely correlated with vitamin C and total polyphenols content, rather than with the flavonoid compounds. 相似文献
5.
H. A. Hashem A. I. Shouman R. A. Hassanein 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B - Plant Soil Science》2018,68(4):334-341
The present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of soil contamination with heavy metals on physico-biochemical properties of tomato fruit. The deleterious effect of soil contamination on the quality and quantity of tomato plant yield was determined. Harvested tomato fruit characteristics including fruit length, diameter, volume and fresh and dry weights, total soluble solids, titratable acidity, lycopene and carbohydrates contents were measured in tomato fruits cultivated in soil contaminated with industrial effluents. In addition, some secondary metabolites (total phenols and flavonoids), micro- and macronutrients were also detected. Residual heavy metals (Cd, Co, Ni and Pb) were examined in the harvested fruits. The obtained results were compared with those of tomato fruits cultivated in non-contaminated soil. Results demonstrate that soil contamination with heavy metals have a negative effect on tomato fruits characteristics, titratable acidity, total soluble solids, lycopene, ascorbic acid, micro-elements and carbohydrates content. Moreover, fruits originated from plants grown in contaminated soil possess high phenols and flavonoids contents and higher heavy metals content compared to control fruits. It is recommended that fruits cultivated in that area not to be eaten by large quantities, to avoid excessive accumulation of heavy metals in the human body.Abbreviations: (AsA): Ascorbic acid; (DTPA): diethylenetriamine penta acetic acid; (TA): Titratable acidity; (TSS): Total soluble solids 相似文献
6.
S. C. Swain 《Journal of plant nutrition》2016,39(14):2037-2046
A guava based intercropping systems comprising of nine intercrops such as mango ginger, turmeric, tomato, cowpea, frenchbean, ragi, niger, upland paddy and control (without intercrop) was conducted to study the influence of various intercropping systems on plant and soil health of guava orchard. The results revealed that guava + cowpea system showed significant improvement in bulk density, electrical conductivity, water holding capacity, organic carbon content and pH of orchard soil. The guava + cowpea system also recorded significantly maximum available nitrogen and potassium content in the soil, whereas the maximum available phosphorus content were obtained in guava + mango ginger system. The nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium (N, P and K) content of guava leaf were found to be maximum under the guava + cowpea system. The fruit yield of guava was recorded highest in guava +cowpea intercropping system. However, the total soluble solids (TSS) and acidity of fruits were not affected by the intercropping systems. 相似文献
7.
Litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) ‘Mauritius’ is a popular export cultivar due to its attractive red color and excellent fruit quality. Three orchards were selected based on planting distance and routine pruning practices followed by each growing season. Orchards A and B are essentially similar regarding these production practices, whereas orchard C had overlapping canopies due to lack of routine pruning practices after each growing season and short planting distance. Canonical variate analysis was used as a statistical tool to compare fruit quality attributes from different orchards (A, B, and C) in terms of physical, chemical and sensory parameters and correlating to leaf nutrient status. The correlations and plot of loadings of the variates indicated that skin color (visual), color values (chroma and hue angle, h°), fruit weight, firmness, and consumer acceptability were the main factors that discriminated orchard C from the other two orchards. The soluble solids concentrations, titratable acidity and fruit taste were the quality attributes discriminating orchard A from orchard B. The relationship between the leaf nutrients and fruit quality attributes showed positive relationships between leaf potassium (K) and anthocyanin content and titratable acidity (TA); leaf phosphorus (P) and pericarp h°, leaf nitrogen (N) and fruit weight; leaf calcium (Ca) and fruit firmness. 相似文献
8.
Gemma Víllora Diego A. Moreno Gregoria Pulgar Luis M. Romero 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(6):855-861
Zucchini (Cucurbita pepo L. cv. Moschata) plants were grown in a pot experiment under greenhouse conditions at Almería (Southeastern Spain) in 1994 and 1995. Sodium chloride (NaCl) added to the irrigation water at 0 (control), 0.25, 0.50, and 1.0 g L‐1 and complemented with a fertilizer solution. Yield was determined on number and weight (kg) of fruit per plant. The hidric content (%W) per fruit was calculated using fruit fresh and dry weights. Fruit diameter, fruit length, and fruit firmness were also measured. Electrical conductivity, soluble solids concentration, titratable acidity, and pH as well as non‐structural carbohydrates concentration were determined. Zucchini yield, quality, and quantity increased as NaCl concentration was increased to 1 g L‐1. This cultivar appears to suitable to be grown in coastal locations where soil and irrigation water contain salt concentration that limit the growth of other crops less tolerant to salinity. 相似文献
9.
小型西瓜果实成熟度表征因子筛选 总被引：1，自引：2，他引：1
为了判断小型西瓜生长过程中的成熟度,实时监控其内部品质,该文研究了小型西瓜"京秀"果实在生长过程中,多种基础信息随着生长天数的变化情况。西瓜的内部品质指标变化具有一定的规律性,且部分指标的变化规律相似。由相关性分析、因子分析及构造新变量的结果可知,小型西瓜"京秀"果实在授粉后20～38d的过程中,品质变化主要表现为可溶性固形物、可滴定酸、瓜瓤含水率及叶绿素含量的变化,其中叶绿素含量的变化主要在22～25d的过程中表现较为显著,28～30d的过程中主要表现为可溶性固形物、可滴定酸和含水率的变化,31～38d的过程中品质基本上已经达到稳定,只在小范围内有些波动。研究结果为小型西瓜品质和成熟度的光学无损检测提供了参数选择的依据。 相似文献
10.
Effects of stripped (alpha-tocopherol < 5 mg L(-)(1)) corn oil on flesh firmness, skin color, acidity, soluble solids content (SSC), scald, and fruit volatiles during 6 months at 0 degrees C were studied using Golden Supreme and Delicious apples. Treatment with 10% oil emulsion reduced production of ethylene, alpha-farnesene, and major volatile esters in the first 3 months of storage, but this trend reversed after 5 months. After 6 months at 0 degrees C plus 7 days at 20 degrees C, oil-treated fruit were firmer and greener and had higher levels of titratable acidity than the controls. In addition, control fruit developed 27% and 42% scald in Golden Supreme and Delicious apples, respectively, whereas oil-treated fruit were free from scald. Soluble solids content and ethanol production were unaffected by oil treatment. 相似文献
11.
薄膜气调包装对枇杷果实冷藏期间呼吸和品质性状的影响 总被引：3，自引：4，他引：3
通过对呼吸速率、总可溶性固形物、可滴定酸、pH值、果肉硬度、维生素C、失重率和品质及感官指标的变化进行分析，研究了薄膜气调包装对枇杷(Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.，品种：解放钟）果实冷藏期间呼吸和品质特性的影响，气调包装用的薄膜为低密度聚乙烯薄膜(LDPE，厚度20 μm)，以打孔的低密度聚乙烯薄膜包装为对照。结果表明，低密度聚乙烯薄膜包装枇杷果实后，3～4 d后可维持一个相对稳定的适宜枇杷贮藏的O2和CO2的气体浓度，即CO2(4.8±0.67)%，O2(11.5±0.85)%；薄膜气调包装结合低温可明显地降低枇杷果实的呼吸速率；薄膜气调包装可以最大限度地减小冷藏期间的枇杷果实的失重率、果肉硬度、维生素C、总可溶性固形物、可滴定酸和固酸比的变化，维持枇杷的新鲜品质，延长货架期。因此，低密度聚乙烯薄膜（LDPE，厚度20 μm）气调包装可用于枇杷的贮藏保鲜。 相似文献
12.
施氮水平对富士苹果果实钙形态及品质的影响 总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3
[目的]钙是影响苹果果实品质最重要的元素之一,施氮量影响树体对钙的吸收.探究不同施氮量对果实品质、钙形态以及二者之间的关系的影响,以期为通过科学施肥改善苹果果实品质提供参考.[方法]本研究选择5年生盆栽富士(基砧为组培山定子,中间砧为SH38)为试材,共设6个施氮水平:0(N0)、50(N50)、100(N100)、2... 相似文献
13.
L. Wang S. Vestrheim 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B - Plant Soil Science》2013,63(4):143-146
Sour cherry (Prunus cerasus L.) variety 'English Morello' fruits were stored for up to 20 days at 2°C in air or controlled atmosphere (CA) consisting of 25% CO2+10% O2, 15% CO2+10% O2, or 5% CO2+10% O2. The effects were compared on decay, juice optical density, titratable acidity, pH, soluble solids content and firmness. CA treatment has a great potential for sour cherry storage in maintaining quality and in extending the length of the storage period. The study has indicated that the decay of sour cherry can be greatly reduced by 25% CO2. High CO2 concentration gave the best retention of red colour and titratable acidity throughout the storage period. Fruit juice optical density and firmness increased with storage time. Fruits stored in 25% CO2+10% O2 had higher soluble solids content compared with fruits stored in air. 相似文献
14.
比较分析不同品种蓝莓果实品质特性,确定代表性品质指标,建立蓝莓品质综合评价体系,为蓝莓品质合理评价和优良蓝莓品种筛选提供理论参考。以26个高丛蓝莓品种果实为材料,测定其11项品质指标（单果质量、果实横径、果实纵径、果形指数、果实硬度、可溶性固形物质量分数可溶性糖质量分数、可滴定酸质量分数、糖酸比、维生素C质量分数、花色苷质量分数）,并采用主成分分析方法进行果实品质综合评价。结果表明：26个蓝莓品种的11项果实品质性状中糖酸比、可滴定酸质量分数、单果质量和花色苷质量分数的变异系数较大,其变异系数分别为33.67%、32.25%、30.84%和28.48%。通过主成分分析确定单果质量、果形指数、可溶性糖质量分数、可滴定酸质量分数、花色苷质量分数和果实硬度可作为评价蓝莓果实品质的代表性指标;建立综合品质评价模型,并依据各品种的综合品质得分进行优良度排序,得分排名前10位的蓝莓品种依次为‘大果蓝金’‘莱格西’‘公爵’‘日出’‘维口’‘蓝片‘早蓝’‘蓝丰’‘爱国者’‘红利’,研究结果为大连地区蓝莓品种合理开发和应用提供了依据。 相似文献
15.
The effects of different edible coatings on mango fruit ripening and ripe fruit quality parameters including color, firmness, soluble solids concentrations, total acidity, ascorbic acid, total carotenoids, fatty acids, and aroma volatiles were investigated. Hard mature green mango (Mangifera indica L. cv. Kensigton Pride) fruits were coated with aqueous mango carnauba (1:1 v/v), Semperfresh (0.6%), Aloe vera gel (1:1, v/v), or A. vera gel (100%). Untreated fruit served as the control. Following the coating, fruits were allowed to dry at room temperature and packed in soft-board trays to ripen at 21+/-1 degrees C and 55.2+/-11.1% relative humidity until the eating soft stage. Mango carnauba was effective in retarding fruit ripening, retaining fruit firmness, and improving fruit quality attributes including levels of fatty acids and aroma volatiles. Semperfresh and A. vera gel (1:1 or 100%) slightly delayed fruit ripening but reduced fruit aroma volatile development. A. vera gel coating did not exceed the commercial mango carnauba and Semperfresh in retarding fruit ripening and improving aroma volatile biosynthesis. 相似文献
16.
High quality fruit production is the cornerstone of marketability. Optimum plant performance depends on the balanced and timely availability of mineral nutrients. In addition to element concentrations, the ratio of nutrient elements in solution plays a determinative role in growth, productivity, quality, and nutrients uptake. In this experiment, the effects of different Potassium:Calcium (K:Ca) ratios (1.6, 1.4, 1.2, 1, 0.85, and 0.6) in nutrient solution were studied on quality attributes of strawberry ‘Selva’. The highest and lowest leaf number and leaf area were observed in K:Ca 1.4 and 1, respectively. The highest fruit pH, electrical conductivity, total soluble solids/titratable acidity ratio, vitamin C content, ellagic acid, and color were resulted in K:Ca (1.4) ratio. K:Ca (1.6) ratio produced the highest content of protein. Moreover, K:Ca (0.85) ratio was the most effective treatment on fruit firmness. The increased quality attributes were observed in high K:Ca ratios, hence low K:Ca ratio resulted in increased fruit firmness. In conclusion, nutrient solution containing K:Ca ratios between 1 and 1.6 were suitable for producing strawberry ‘Selva’. Taken together, K:Ca (1.4) was an appropriate ratio for producing strawberry ‘Selva’ in soilless culture with coconut fiber: perlite medium. 相似文献
17.
A pot experiment was conducted to determine the effects of N application on volatile compounds, taste compounds, and firmness of fresh tomato fruits. Each pot was filled with 8 kg of clean sand. The experiment consisted of six nitrogen (N)‐application rates with 0, 2.25, 4.50, 9.00, 18.00, and 36.00 mmol N L–1 in the nutrient solution. Volatile compounds, soluble sugars, soluble solids, titratable acidity, and firmness of fresh tomato fruits were measured. The results show that increasing N application increased the concentrations of 1‐penten‐3‐one, hexanal, cis‐3‐hexenal, 2‐methyl‐4‐pentenal, trans‐2‐hexenal, 6‐methyl‐5‐hepten‐2‐one, titratable acidity, soluble sugars, and soluble solids. By contrast, increasing N supply decreased the concentration of phenylacetaldehyde and first increased and then decreased the concentrations of 2E–4E‐hexadienal and the firmness of fresh tomato fruits. Close relationships between the concentration of various volatile compounds, titratable acidity, soluble sugars, and soluble solids were found. However, concentrations of these flavor compounds were very poorly correlated with fruit firmness. Based on contributions of these compounds to tomato flavor, we assume that moderate high N supply improves tomato flavor, whereas excessive N supply can deteriorate it. 相似文献
18.
不同生育期水分胁迫对设施延后栽培葡萄土壤温度与果实品质的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
[目的]探讨河西荒漠绿洲区(以甘肃省张掖市为代表)水分调控下土壤温度的基本变化特征以及土壤温度与果实品质之间的联系,为设施延后栽培技术研究提供理论依据。[方法]将设施延后栽培葡萄分为5个生育期,在各个生育期设1个土壤含水率下限为田间持水率(θf)的55%的中度水分调控处理(GS,VS,FS,ES,CS),开展了上述设定条件下的研究。[结果](1)随着土层深度的增加,设施延后栽培葡萄土壤温度均表现为5cm10cm15cm20cm25cm。且在葡萄全生育期内各个土层土壤温度变化规律均为先升高后降低的趋势,水分胁迫不仅提高了该生育阶段的土壤温度同时对其下一生育阶段的土壤温度也具有十分重要的作用。(2)果穗质量和单粒重均GS处理最高,可溶性固形物FS处理最高,总糖含量CS处理最多,可滴定酸含量CS最低。[结论]设施延后栽培葡萄土壤温度受环境影响明显,在白天土壤温度是由表层向深层传递,且水分胁迫具有增加土壤温度的作用。要提高葡萄甜度同时降低酸度,增加成熟度需在生育后期即果实膨大期以及着色成熟期适当程度的提高土壤温度。 相似文献
19.
Brat P Hoang LN Soler A Reynes M Brillouet JM 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2004,52(20):6170-6177
The physicochemical characteristics (pH, total and soluble solids, and titratable acidity), sugars, organic acids, carotenoids, anthocyanins, volatile compounds, and cell wall polysaccharides of a new pineapple hybrid (FLHORAN41 cultivar) were measured throughout maturation and compared with the Smooth Cayenne cv. At full maturity, the FLHORAN41 cv. has a higher titratable acidity and soluble solids content than the Smooth Cayenne cv. The golden yellow flesh and red-orange to scarlet shell of ripe FLHORAN41 cv. fruits are due to carotenoid and anthocyanin levels that are, respectively, 2.5 and 1.5 times higher than those of the flesh and shell of the ripe Smooth Cayenne cv., respectively. During maturation of the FLHORAN41 cv., there was an increase in all classes of aroma compounds (mainly terpene hydrocarbons and esters), although their relative proportions were similar in both cultivars at full maturity. Cell wall polysaccharides undergo little change during maturation. 相似文献
20.
磷、钾营养对柑桔果实产量、品质和贮藏性的影响 总被引：15，自引：3，他引：15
采用田间试验以柑为材料研究了连续4年施用磷、钾肥后对柑桔果实的产量、品质和贮藏性的影响。结果表明,施用磷、钾肥,尤其磷、钾肥配施可显著提高柑桔果实的单果重和产量,以及采收时果实的可溶性固形物含量、可溶性糖含量、还原糖含量、糖/酸比和维生素C(Vc)含量,降低可滴定酸含量;并且可以有效地降低柑桔果实在贮藏过程中的失重率和烂果率,减缓糖分、酸度和Vc含量的下降。磷钾营养对于提高柑桔果实的耐贮性和维持贮藏过程中果实的风味和营养品质有一定的作用。 相似文献