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1.
小麦合成种M53抗白粉病基因的RAPD和SSR标记   总被引：12，自引：2，他引：12  
胡英考  辛志勇 《作物学报》2001,27(4):415-419
运用RAPD和SSR技术，采用分离群体分组分析法(BSA)进行了小麦合成种M53抗白粉病基因连锁的分子标记研究。结果表明，M53的抗白粉病基因由显性单基因控制，RAPD标记OPL09-1700与抗病基因连锁，遗传距离为16.8cM。SSR标记Xgwm205也与抗白粉病基因连锁，遗传距离为9.3cM，通过SSR标记将该基因定位于5DS，标记与基因间的排列顺序  相似文献   

2.
普通小麦品种Brock抗白粉病基因分子标记定位   总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2  
为明确利用Brock转育成的小麦抗白粉病品系3B529(京411*7//农大015/Brock, F6)抗性的遗传基础,将高感白粉病小麦品系薛早和3B529杂交,获得F1代、F2分离群体和F2:3家系。抗病性鉴定和遗传分析结果表明,3B529对E09小种的抗性受1对显性基因控制,暂被定名为MlBrock。利用BSA和分子标记分析,获得了与MlBrock连锁的3个SSR标记Xcfd81、Xcfd78、Xgwm159和2个SCAR标记SCAR203和SCAR112,根据SSR和SCAR标记在中国春缺体四体、双端体和缺失系的定位结果,将MlBrock定位在小麦染色体臂5DS Bin 0~0.63区间上。MlBrock与Xcfd81和SCAR203共分离,与SCAR112的遗传距离为0.5 cM。这些分子标记的建立有利于今后Brock抗白粉病基因分子标记辅助选择和基因聚合。综合抗白粉病基因MlBrock的染色体定位和抗谱分析结果,推测MlBrock很可能是Pm2基因。  相似文献   

3.
小麦抗白粉病新基因的AFLP和SSR标记及其染色体定位   总被引：11，自引：2，他引：9  
李韬  张增艳  林志珊  陈孝  高珊  辛志勇 《作物学报》2005,31(9):1105-1109
M53 (YAV2/TEZ//Ae.squarrosa 249) 是硬粒小麦与粗山羊草的双二倍体合成种,携带一个抗白粉病新基因,暂命名为Pm-M53,该基因对北京地区白粉病优势生理小种15号表现免疫抗性。本研究利用来源于杂交组合M53/宛7107的一个F2群体,在苗期采用白粉病15号小种（Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici）接种,抗病反应型鉴定表明,抗感比例符合3∶1,说明其抗性受显性单基因控制;对部分F2植株的F3株系的抗病鉴定进一步证明了F2鉴定的可靠性;利用AFLP和SSR标记技术结合F2分离群体对目的基因进行了遗传作图,将目的基因定位在5D染色体的长臂上。其中AFLP标记P16M16-109(Apm109)和P5M16-161(Apm161)与目的基因的遗传距离分别为1.0和3.0 cM。SSR标记Xwmc289b、Xgwm583和Xgwm292与目的基因的遗传距离分别为20.0、33.0和24.0 cM。这些标记位于目的基因的两侧。利用中国春遗传背景的缺-四体和双端体结合AFLP标记Apm109确证了SSR标记定位的可靠性,进一步证明该基因是一个新的抗白粉病基因。  相似文献   

4.
Fusarium wilt is one of the most widespread diseases of pea. Resistance to Fusarium wilt race 1 was reported as a single gene, Fw, located on linkage group III. The previously reported AFLP and RAPD markers linked to Fw have limited usage in marker‐assisted selection due to their map distance and linkage phase. Using 80 F8 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from the cross of Green Arrow × PI 179449, we amplified 72 polymorphic markers between resistant and susceptible lines with the target region amplified polymorphism (TRAP) technique. Marker–trait association analysis revealed a significant association. Five candidate markers were identified and three were converted into user‐friendly dominant SCAR markers. Forty‐eight pea cultivars with known resistant or susceptible phenotypes to Fusarium wilt race 1 verified the marker–trait association. These three markers, Fw_Trap_480, Fw_Trap_340 and Fw_Trap_220, are tightly linked to and only 1.2 cM away from the Fw locus and are therefore ideal for marker‐assisted selection. These newly identified markers are useful to assist in the isolation of the Fusarium wilt race 1 resistance gene in pea.  相似文献   

5.
Bacterial leaf pustule (BLP) caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines (Xag) is a serious soybean disease. A BLP resistant genotype ‘TS-3’ was crossed with a BLP susceptible genotype ‘PK472’, and a segregating F2 mapping population was developed for genetic analysis and mapping. The F2 population segregation pattern in 15:1 susceptible/resistance ratio against Xag inoculum indicated that the resistance to BLP in ‘TS-3’ was governed by two recessive genes. A total of 12 SSR markers, five SSR markers located on chromosome 2 and seven SSR markers located on chromosome 6 were identified as linked to BLP resistance. One of the resistance loci (r1) was mapped with flanking SSR markers Sat_183 and BARCSOYSSR_02_1613 at a distance of 0.9 and 2.1 cM, respectively. Similarly, SSR markers BARCSOYSSR_06_0024 and BARCSOYSSR_06_0013 flanked the second locus (r2) at distances of 1.5 and 2.1 cM, respectively. The identified two recessive genes imparting resistance to BLP disease and the SSR markers tightly linked to these loci would serve as important genetic and molecular resources to develop BLP resistant genotypes in soybean.  相似文献   

6.
Triticum monococcum L. (2n = 2x = 14, AmAm genome) is one of the most ancient of the domesticated crops in the Middle East, but it is not the ancestor of the A genome of durum wheat (T. durum Desf. 2n = 4x = 28, genomes BBAA) and bread wheat (T. aestivum L., 2n = 6x = 42, genomes BBAADD). It has been suggested that some differentiation has occurred between the Am and A genomes. The chlorina mutants at the cn-A1 locus located on chromosome 7AL have been described in T. aestivum L. and T. durum, and a chlorina mutant has been found in T. monococcum. The aims of our study were to establish linkage maps for chlorina mutant genes on chromosome 7A of T. aestivum and T. durum and chromosome 7Am of T. monococcum and to discuss the differentiation that has occurred between the A and Am genomes. The chlorina mutant gene was found to be linked with Xhbg234 (8.0 cM) and Xgwm282 (4.3 cM) in F2 plants of T. aestivum ANK-32A/T. petropavlovskyi k54716, and with Xbarc192 (19.5 cM) and Xgwm282 (12.0 cM) in F2 plants of T. durum ANW5A-7A/T. carthlicum #521. Both the hexaploid and tetraploid wheats contained a common marker, Xgwm282. In F2 lines of T. monococcum KT 3-21/T. sinskajae, the cn-A1 locus was bracketed by Xgwm748 (25.7 cM) and Xhbg412 (30.8 cM) on chromosome 7AmL. The distal markers, Xhbg412, Xgwm282, and Xgwm332, were tightly linked in T. aestivum and T. durum. The common marker Xhbg412 indicated that the chlorina mutant genes are located on chromosome 7AL and that they are homoeologous mutations.  相似文献   

7.
Y. J. Yi    H. Y. Liu    X. Q. Huang    L. Z. An    F. Wang    X. L. Wang 《Plant Breeding》2008,127(2):116-120
Powdery mildew, caused by Blumeria graminis (DC.) E.O. Speer f. sp. tritici, is an important disease in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Bulk segregant analysis (BSA) was employed to identify SRAP (sequence‐related amplified polymorphism), sequence tagged site (STS) and simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers linked to the Pm4b gene, which confers good resistance to powdery mildew in wheat. Out of 240 SRAP primer combinations tested, primer combinations Me8/Em7 and Me12/Em7 yielded 220‐bp and 205‐bp band, respectively, each of them associated with Pm4b. STS‐241 also linked to Pm4b with a genetic distance of 4.9 cM. Among the eight SSR markers located on wheat chromosome 2AL, Xgwm382 was found to be polymorphic and linked to Pm4b with a genetic distance of 11.8 cM. Further analysis was carried out using the four markers to investigate marker validation for marker‐assisted selection (MAS). The results showed that a combination of the linked markers STS?241, Me8/Em7?220 and Xgwm382 could be used for marker‐assisted selection of the resistance gene Pm4b in wheat breeding programmes.  相似文献   

8.
The pol cytoplasmic male-sterility system has been widely used as a component for utilization of heterosis in Brassica napus and offers an attractive system for study on nuclear–mitochondrial interactions in plants. Genetic analyses have indicated that one dominant gene, Rfp, was required to achieve complete fertility restoration. As a first step toward cloning of this restorer gene, we attempted molecular mapping of the Rfp locus using the amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) technique combined with bulked segregant analysis (BSA) method. A BC1 population segregating for Rfp gene was used for tagging. From the survey of 1,024 AFLP primer combinations, 13 linked AFLP markers were obtained and five of them were successfully converted into sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) markers. A population of 193 plants was screened using these markers and the closest AFLP markers flanking Rfp were at the distances of 2.0 and 5.3 cM away, respectively. Further the AFLP or SCAR markers linked to the Rfp gene were integrated to one doubled-haploid (DH) population derived from the cross Quantum × No.2127-17 available in our laboratory, and Rfp gene was mapped on N18, which was the same as the previous report. These molecular markers will facilitate the marker-assisted selection (MAS) of pol CMS restorer lines.  相似文献   

9.
Fusarium wilt, caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melonis (F.o.m), is a worldwide soil-borne disease of melon (Cucumis melo L.). The most effective control measure available is the use of resistant varieties. Resistance to races 0 and 2 of this fungal pathogen is conditioned by the dominant gene Fom-1. An F2 population derived from the ‘Charentais-Fom1’ × ‘TRG-1551’ cross was used in combination with bulked segregant analysis utilizing the random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers, in order to develop molecular markers linked to the locus Fom-1. Four hundred decamer primers were screened to identify three RAPD markers (B17649, V01578, and V061092) linked to Fom-1 locus. Fragments amplified by primers B17649 and V01578 were linked in coupling phase to Fom1, at 3.5 and 4 cM respectively, whereas V061092 marker was linked in repulsion to the same dominant resistant allele at 15.1 cM from the Fom-1 locus. These RAPDs were cloned and sequenced in order to design primers that would amplify only the target fragment. The derived sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) markers SB17645 and SV01574 (645 and 574 bp, respectively) were present only in the resistant parent. The SV061092 marker amplified a band of 1092 bp only in the susceptible parent. These markers are more universal than the CAPS markers developed by Brotman et al. (Theor Appl Genet 10:337–345, 2005). The analysis of 24 melon accessions, representing several melon types, with these markers revealed that different melon types behaved differently with the developed markers supporting the theory of multiple, independent origins of resistance to races 0 and 2 of F.o.m.  相似文献   

10.
Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) and microsatellite (simple sequence repeat, SSR) techniques were used to map the _RGSpeking gene, which is resistant to most isolates of Cercospora sojina in the soya bean cultivar ‘Peking’. The mapping was conducted using a defined F2 population derived from the cross of ‘Peking’(resistant) בLee’(susceptible). Of 64 EcoRI and MseI primer combinations, 30 produced polymorphisms between the two parents. The F2 population, consisting of 116 individuals, was screened with the 30 AFLP primer pairs and three mapped SSR markers to detect markers possibly linked to RcsPeking. One AFLP marker amplified by primer pair E‐AAC/M‐CTA and one SSR marker Satt244 were identified to be linked to ResPeking. The gene was located within a 2.1‐cM interval between markers AACCTA178 and Satt244, 1.1 cM from Satt244 and 1.0 cM from AACCTA178. Since the SSR markers Satt244 and Satt431 have been mapped to molecular linkage group (LG) J of soya bean, the ResPeking resistance gene was putatively located on the LG J. This will provide soya bean breeders an opportunity to use these markers for marker‐assisted selection for frogeye leaf spot resistance in soya bean.  相似文献   

11.
Y. Weng  M. D. Lazar 《Plant Breeding》2002,121(3):218-223
The greenbug, Schizaphis graminum (Rondani), is the most economically damaging aphid pest of wheat in the southern Great Plains of the USA. In this study, the single, dominant greenbug resistance gene, Gb3, was molecularly tagged and genetically mapped using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) and simple sequence repeat(SSR) markers. Three AFLP loci were associated with the Gb3 locus in linkage analysis with 75 F2:3 families from the cross between two near‐isogenic lines (NILs) for Gb3,‘TXGBE273’ and ‘TXGBE281′. Two of these loci, XMgcc Pagg and Xmagg Patg cosegregate with Gb3 in the population analysed. Further analysis indicated that XMgcc Pagg and Xmagg Patg are specific for the Gb3 locus in diverse genetic backgrounds. Two SSR markers, Xgwm111 and Xgwm428 previously mapped in wheat chromosome 7D, were shown to be linked with Gb3, 22.5 cM and 33.1 cM from Gb3, respectively, in an F2 population of ‘Largo’בTAM 107’, suggesting that Gb3 is located in the long arm of chromosome 7D. The two AFLP markers cosegregating with Gb3 are valuable tools in developing molecular markers for marker‐assisted selection of greenbug resistance in wheat breeding.  相似文献   

12.
Apple Glomerella leaf spot (GLS) is a severe fungal disease that damages apple leaves during the summer in China. Breeding new apple varieties that are resistant to the disease is considered the best way of controlling GLS. Fine mapping and tightly linked marker are critically essential for the preselection of resistant seedlings. In this study, a population of 207 F1 individuals derived from a cross between ‘Golden Delicious’ and ‘Fuji’ was used to construct a fine simple sequence repeat (SSR)‐based genetic linkage map. The position of Rgls, a locus responsible for resistance to GLS, was identified on apple linkage group (LG) 15 using SSR markers CH05g05 and CH01d08, which was adapted from a published set of 300 SSR markers that were developed using the bulked segregant analysis (BSA) method. These two SSR markers flanked the gene, and its recombination rate was 8.7% and 23.2%, respectively. A total of 276 newly developed SSR markers around the target region and designed from the genome apple assembly contig of LG15 were screened. Only nine of these were determined to be linked to the Rgls locus. Thus, a total of 11 SSR markers were in linkage with Rgls, and mapped at distances ranging from 0.5 to 33.8 cM. The closest marker to the Rgls locus was S0405127, which showed a genetic distance of approximately 0.5 cM. The first mapping of the gene Rgls was constructed, and the locations of the 11 effective primers in the ‘Golden Delicious’ apple genome sequence were anchored. This result facilitates better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the trait of resistance to GLS and could be used in improving the breeding efficiency of GLS‐resistant apple varieties.  相似文献   

13.
A cassava F1 population raised from the cross SC6 × Mianbao was used to construct a genetic linkage map. The map incorporated 200 polymorphic amplified fragment length polymorphism, sequence-related amplified polymorphism, simple sequence repeat (SSR), and expressed sequence tag (EST)–SSR markers which fit a 1:1 segregation ratio. It comprised 20 linkage groups (LGs) and spanned a genetic distance of 1645.1 cM with an average marker interval of 8.2 cM. Fifty-seven repeatedly detected QTLs (rd-QTLs) for three phenotypic traits (fresh root yield, root dry matter content, and root starch content) were identified in the F1 population in four trials of year 2003, 2004, 2005, and 2008 by inclusive composite interval mapping. Among the 57 rd-QTLs, 25 rd-QTLs were linked to SSR/EST–SSR markers, which will help to facilitate marker-assisted selective breeding in cassava, and 15 marker intervals on ten LGs showed pleiotropic effects.  相似文献   

14.
X. L. Li    L. K. Liu    N. Hou    G. Q. Liu  C. G. Liu 《Plant Breeding》2005,124(4):413-415
‘Yi 4060’ is an elite restorer line of a non‐photoperiod‐sensitive D2‐type cytoplasmic male‐sterile (CMS) line of wheat. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were employed to map one major fertility‐restoring gene (D2Rf1) in ‘Yi 4060′. The sterile and fertile DNA pools were established from individuals in BC6, based on bulked segregant analysis. One RAPD marker E09, linked to D2Rf1, was converted to a SCAR marker and designated as E09‐SCAR865. The genetic distance between E09‐SCAR865 and D2Rf1 is 9.5 cM. Two SSR markers, Xgwm11 and Xgwm18, were also linked to a D2Rf1 and co‐segregated with E09‐SCAR865. The three molecular markers are useful in marker‐assisted breeding of the elite restorer lines for D2 ‐type CMS lines in wheat.  相似文献   

15.
Crown rust, which is caused by Puccinia coronata f. sp. avenae, P. Syd. & Syd., is the most destructive disease of cultivated oats (Avena sativa L.) throughout the world. Resistance to the disease that is based on a single gene is often short-lived because of the extremely great genetic diversity of P. coronata, which suggests that there is a need to develop oat cultivars with several resistance genes. This study aimed to identify amplified fragment length polymorphism AFLP markers that are linked to the major resistance gene, Pc68, and to amplify the F6 genetic map from Pc68/5*Starter × UFRGS8. Seventy-eight markers with normal segregation were discovered and distributed in 12 linkage groups. The map covered 409.4 cM of the Avena sativa genome. Two AFLP markers were linked in repulsion to Pc68: U8PM22 and U8PM25, which flank the gene at 18.60 and 18.83 centiMorgans (cM), respectively. The marker U8PM25 is located in the linkage group 4_12 in the Kanota × Ogle reference oat population. These markers should be useful for transferring Pc68 to genotypes with good agronomic characteristics and for pyramiding crown rust resistance genes.  相似文献   

16.
Ascochyta blight (AB) caused by Ascochyta rabiei, is globally the most important foliar disease that limits the productivity of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). An intraspecific linkage map of cultivated chickpea was constructed using an F2 population derived from a cross between an AB susceptible parent ICC 4991 (Pb 7) and an AB resistant parent ICCV 04516. The resultant map consisted of 82 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers and 2 expressed sequence tag (EST) markers covering 10 linkage groups, spanning a distance of 724.4 cM with an average marker density of 1 marker per 8.6 cM. Three quantitative trait loci (QTLs) were identified that contributed to resistance to an Indian isolate of AB, based on the seedling and adult plant reaction. QTL1 was mapped to LG3 linked to marker TR58 and explained 18.6% of the phenotypic variance (R 2) for AB resistance at the adult plant stage. QTL2 and QTL3 were both mapped to LG4 close to four SSR markers and accounted for 7.7% and 9.3%, respectively, of the total phenotypic variance for AB resistance at seedling stage. The SSR markers which flanked the AB QTLs were validated in a half-sib population derived from the same resistant parent ICCV 04516. Markers TA146 and TR20, linked to QTL2 were shown to be significantly associated with AB resistance at the seedling stage in this half-sib population. The markers linked to these QTLs can be utilized in marker-assisted breeding for AB resistance in chickpea.  相似文献   

17.
We aimed to identify Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV) resistance genes in Chinese cabbage by analysing the TuMV resistance of 43 P1 (resistant), 88 P2 (susceptible), 26 F1, 104 B1 (F1 × P1), 108 B2 (F1 × P2) and 509 F2 individuals. All parents and progeny populations were mechanically inoculated with TuMV‐C4. Both F1 and B1 populations showed TuMV resistance. Resistant: susceptible ratios in the B2 and F2 populations were 1 : 1 and 3 : 1, respectively. TuMV resistance in P1 was controlled by a dominant gene, TuRBCS01. Bulked segregation analysis was performed to identify simple sequence repeat or insertion or deletion markers linked to TuRBCS01. Data from 108 B2 individuals with resistant or susceptible phenotypes were analysed using mapmake r/exp 3.0. Polymorphic marker sequences were blast searched on http://brassicadb.org/brad/ . TuRBCS01 was found to be linked to eight markers: SAAS_mDN192117a_159 (3.3 cM), SAAS_mDN192117b_196 (4.0 cM), SAAS_mDN192403_148 (13.0 cM), SAAS_mGT084561_233 (6.8 cM), BrID10723 (3.3 cM), mBr4041 (3.3 cM), SAAS_mBr4055_194 (2.6 cM) and mBr4068 (4.0 cM). Further, TuRBCS01 was mapped to a 1.98‐Mb region on chromosome A04 between markers BrID10723 and SAAS_mBr4055_194.  相似文献   

18.
Gall midge is the third most destructive insect pests of rice after stem borers and planthoppers. Host plant resistance has been recognized as the most effective and economic, means for gall midge management. With the characterization of a new gall midge biotype (GMB) 4M, unique feature of gall midge resistance in the breeding line CR57-MR1523 was highlighted. Multi-location evaluation of F3 families derived from the cross TN1 × CR57-MR1523 against different gall midge biotypes helped to identify a new dominant gene conferring resistance against GMB4. This gene has been designated as Gm11t. Though CR57-MR1523 has been extensively used in breeding gall midge resistant rice varieties like Suraksha, neither the genetics of resistance nor chromosomal location of the resistance gene(s) is known. In the present study we have tagged and mapped the new gall midge resistance gene, Gm11t, on chromosome 12, using SSR markers. To map the gene locus, 466 F10 generation Recurrent Inbred Lines (RILs), from the cross of TN1 × CR57-MR1523 were used. Of the 471 SSR markers spread across the rice genome, 56 markers showed polymorphism and were used to screen a subset of the mapping population consisting of 10 resistant (R) and 10 susceptible (S) F10 RILs. Six SSR markers, RM28706, RM235, RM17, RM28784, RM28574 and RM28564 on chromosome 12 were initially found to be associated with resistance and susceptibility. Based on the linkage analysis in selected 158 RILs, we were able to map the locus between two flanking SSR markers, RM28574 and RM28706, on chromosome 12 within 4.4 and 3.8 cM, respectively. Further, two NILs with 99% genetic similarity, were identified from the RILs which differed in gall midge resistance. The tightly linked flanking SSR markers will facilitate marker-assisted gene pyramiding and map-based cloning of the resistant gene. NILs would be valuable materials for functional analysis of the identified candidate gene.  相似文献   

19.
Rice blast resistance gene ‘Pi-z’ present in rice genotypes, Zenith and Fukunishiki, represents a potential source of blast resistance for the north-western Himalayan region of India. We tested the reliability of microsatellite markers linked to Pi-z for assessing blast resistance phenotype in crosses of commercial importance. A new set of microsatellite markers linked to Pi-z was also developed by exploiting the publicly available marker and genomic resources of rice. Of the three previously reported markers for Pi-z, only MRG5836 was suitable for the marker assisted selection of Pi-z. Among the 17 microsatellites selected from the putative region of Pi-z locus, two, RM8225 and RM8226 cosegregated with MRG5836 and were located at distance of 1.2–4.5 cM from the gene. A new microsatellite marker ‘SSR236’ was developed from the (CT)16 repeat of PAC clone P0502B12, which exhibited closer linkage (0.6–1.2 cM) to Pi-z. Survey of the allelic diversity at the loci of the Pi-z linked microsatellite markers revealed that the Fukunishiki and Zenith type alleles were not present in majority of the local indica rice genotypes. As these markers are polymorphic between the Pi-z donors and a great majority of local indica rices tested, they can be used as a selection tool in rice breeding programs aimed at improving the blast resistance of local rices.  相似文献   

20.
A consensus genetic linkage map with 447 SSR markers was constructed for zoysiagrass (Zoysia japonica Steud.), using 86 F1 individuals from the cross ‘Muroran 2’ × ‘Tawarayama Kita 1’. The consensus map identified 22 linkage groups and had a total length of 2,009.9 cM, with an average map density of 4.8 cM. When compared with a previous AFLP-SSR linkage map, the SSR markers from each linkage group mapped to similar positions in both maps. Eight pairs of linkage groups from the AFLP-SSR map were joined into eight new groups in the current map. This zoysiagrass consensus map contained 35 SSR markers exhibiting high homology with rice genomic sequences from known chromosomal locations. This allowed synteny to be identified between Zoysiagrass linkage groups 2, 3, 9, 19 and rice chromosomes 3, 12, 2, 7 respectively. These results provide important comparative genomics information and the new map is now available for quantitative trait locus analysis, marker-assisted selection and breeding for important traits in zoysiagrass.  相似文献   

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