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外源硝态氮提高淹水甜樱桃根系糖含量及蔗糖相关酶活性 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
以‘大青叶’（Prunus pseudocerasus var. Daqingye）嫁接甜樱桃‘岱红’(P. avium. ‘Daihong’) 为试材，研究了淹水条件下外源硝态氮对甜樱桃根系蔗糖、葡萄糖、果糖和淀粉含量及蔗糖合酶（SS）合成和分解、蔗糖中性转化酶（NI）、蔗糖酸性转化酶（AI）活性的影响。结果表明，淹水过程中处理与对照根系蔗糖、葡萄糖、果糖和淀粉含量均呈先升后降趋势；与对照相比，外源NO3-提高了根系中蔗糖、葡萄糖、果糖和淀粉的含量，蔗糖、葡萄糖、果糖和淀粉达到最大值时，处理比对照分别高18.02%、21.97%、25.27%和11.41%。淹水过程中根系SS分解活性呈先升后降趋势，而SS合成活性、NI和AI活性呈下降趋势；加NO3-后，4种酶活性均高于对照。这些结果表明，淹水条件下外源NO3-可通过调控根系的糖代谢而增强甜樱桃耐低氧能力。 相似文献
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以溪荪(Iris sanguinea)为试材,采用淹水胁迫的方法,研究了不同淹水时间对溪荪生长及生理指标的影响,以期阐明溪荪对淹水胁迫的响应,为鸢尾属植物园林应用及种质资源创新提供参考依据.结果表明:淹水20 d时,溪荪株高明显低于对照,根长也短于对照;随着淹水时间的增加,溪荪丙二醛(MDA)含量在淹水8 d时达到峰值,之后逐渐降低;超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性逐渐升高,过氧化物酶(POD)活性先升高然后降低;脯氨酸含量呈现先升后降的变化;可溶性糖含量在淹水8 d时达到最低值,之后缓慢增加;可溶性蛋白质含量呈先上升后下降再上升的趋势.综上所述,淹水胁迫抑制了溪荪的生长,但其对淹水胁迫具有一定耐性,适应湿地环境. 相似文献
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以生菜、油菜、茼蒿3种不同蔬菜幼苗为试材,采用室内营养液培养方法,研究了不同浓度复合盐、MgSO4对3种蔬菜幼苗生理活性的影响。结果表明:MgSO4胁迫下茼蒿POD活性均呈上升趋势,油菜、生菜呈先上升后下降趋势;复合盐胁迫中,3种蔬菜幼苗POD活性在0~120 mmol/L浓度范围内呈上升趋势。MgSO4胁迫下油菜和茼蒿SOD活性呈上升趋势,生菜呈先上升后下降趋势;复合盐胁迫中3种蔬菜幼苗SOD活性均呈先升后降趋势。MgSO4胁迫下油菜和生菜MDA含量在0~120 mmol/L浓度范围内呈上升趋势,茼蒿呈先上升后下降趋势;复合盐胁迫中3种蔬菜幼苗MDA含量均呈上升趋势。 相似文献
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以1年生盆栽美味猕猴桃‘秦美’和中华猕猴桃‘红阳’实生苗为试材,研究了淹水胁迫对不同抗性猕猴桃幼苗光合特性的影响。结果表明:持续淹水14d内随着淹水时间的延长,叶片净光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度显著下降,而胞间CO2浓度显著上升;中华猕猴桃对淹水较敏感,淹水时叶片净光合速率受到的影响大于美味猕猴桃,而美味猕猴桃合成同化物能力强于中华猕猴桃;美味猕猴桃叶片气孔导度日变化规律呈明显的双峰曲线变化,但峰值均低于对照值;中华猕猴桃经淹水后,叶片气孔导度日变化趋势呈单峰曲线变化,峰值时较对照降低60.95%;2个猕猴桃品种蒸腾速率日变化呈先升后降的趋势,且均低于对照。 相似文献
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樱桃砧木抗寒性鉴定 总被引：19，自引：3，他引：19
采用电导法和恢复生长法对Gisela5、Gisela6(Prunuscerasus×Pcanescens)、Colt(P.avium×P.pseudocerasus)和山樱桃(P.serrulata)的抗寒性进行了初步鉴定。并研究了枝条脯氨酸含量和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性与樱桃砧木抗寒性的关系。结果表明Gisela5抗寒性最强,在深度休眠时能耐-32.5℃的低温,Colt抗寒性最差。-20～-40℃低温处理后,不同砧木枝条内脯氨酸的绝对含量和SOD活力均发生明显变化。抗寒性最强的Gisela5脯氨酸绝对含量变化最稳定,不同砧木枝条内脯氨酸绝对含量与抗寒性并不存在相关关系;Gisela5、Gisela6和山樱桃的SOD活力变化趋势先升后降,Colt的SOD活力从-20℃以后总的趋势是下降的,SOD活力与砧木的抗寒性关系密切,可以作为衡量砧木抗寒性的一个指标。 相似文献
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采用人工模拟低温环境的方法,以9a生早实核桃"香玲"和"辽核4号"离体新梢为试材,在低温胁迫下,测定细胞质膜透性、丙二醛含量、可溶性糖含量、脯氨酸含量及SOD活性,并进行生长恢复试验,用相关分析确定评价早实核桃抗寒性的生理生化指标,用隶属函数法对2个品种抗寒性进行综合评价。结果表明:随温度降低,2个品种相对电导率呈"S"型曲线;丙二醛含量呈升-降-升的趋势;可溶性糖含量先升高后降低趋势;"香玲"和"辽核4号"脯氨酸含量分别呈升-降-升-降和先升后降的趋势;"香玲"和"辽核4号"SOD活性分别呈先升后降和升-降-升-降的趋势。确定相对电导率、半致死温度、可溶性糖含量和脯氨酸含量作为评价核桃抗寒性的指标;2个品种抗寒性综合评价结果为:"辽核4号""香玲"。 相似文献
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以马蔺(Iris lactea var.chinensis)和鸢尾(I. tectorum)2种耐性不同的鸢尾属植物为材料,采用溶液培养试验,研究了10、120 mg/L Cd胁迫下2种鸢尾幼苗膜透性、可溶性糖和蛋白以及根系生长等的生理耐性差异.结果表明:10 mg/L低Cd胁迫和120 mg/L高Cd胁迫均导致2种鸢尾幼苗叶片膜透性(CMP)增加;马蔺根系活力、可溶性糖和蛋白含量在低浓度Cd胁迫下增加,高浓度Cd胁迫下根系活力和可溶性糖含量出现下降趋势,而可溶性蛋白含量持续增加;鸢尾根系活力在低浓度和高浓度Cd胁迫下均呈下降趋势,可溶性糖和蛋白含量随Cd浓度增加表现为先增后降的趋势. 相似文献
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甜樱桃四倍体杂种砧木Y1高频、高效离体再生体系研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以甜樱桃四倍体矮化砧木Y1试管苗叶片为外植体,探讨了不同基本培养基、激素组合、暗培养时间和叶片发育阶段对其不定芽再生的影响,建立甜樱桃四倍体矮化砧木的高频、高效离体再生体系,为进一步进行遗传转化研究奠定基础。结果表明,甜樱桃四倍体矮化砧木Y1采用WPM培养基再生效果最好,明显优于MS和DKW培养基;最佳激素组合为6-BA2.0 mg.L-1+IBA1.0 mg.L-1;接种后暗培养可以明显提高不定芽再生率,最适宜暗培养时间为14 d;Y1试管苗顶部完全展开的幼嫩叶片再生能力最高。通过以上条件的优化,成功建立了甜樱桃四倍体矮化砧木的高频、高效离体再生体系,离体叶片不定芽再生率达90%,每叶片平均再生不定芽数达4.1。 相似文献
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Kenan Yildiz Kemal Kilic Yakup Ozkan Burhan Ozturk Emine Kucuker 《Erwerbs-Obstbau》2018,60(3):221-230
The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of pre-harvest aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG) treatments on fruit quality parameters and bioactive compounds of sweet cherry fruits (Prunus avium L. cvs. ’0900 Ziraat’, ‘Regina’ and ’Sweetheart’). Whole trees were sprayed once with an aqueous solution containing AVG (0, 100 and 200?mg L?1) three weeks before the anticipated commercial harvest. Measurements were performed a week before anticipated harvest date, at anticipated harvest date and a week after anticipated harvest date. AVG treatments significantly maintained flesh firmness of all three sweet cherry cultivars. Harvest was delayed at least for a week through the keeping of flesh firmness with AVG treatments. The treatments slowed down the red skin color development in all three cultivars. The measurements performed over fruits collected at different ripening stages revealed that AVG resulted in decreased total phenolics and total anthocyanin and ultimately decreased antioxidant capacity in sweet cherry fruits. AVG treatments also decreased soluble solids content and increased titratable acidity of the fruits. This study revealed that pre-harvest AVG treatments were more effective in delaying sweet cherry fruit softening. The main advantage is to maintain the firmness of late-harvested fruit by retaining fruit quality attributes of sweet cherry fruit. 相似文献
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Lidija Jakobek Marijan &#x;eruga Sandra Vo&#x;a Zoran &#x;indrak Nadica Dobri
evi&#x; 《Scientia Horticulturae》2009,123(1):23-28
The effect of rootstock (‘MaxMa 14’, ‘Weiroot 13’, ‘PiKu 1’, ‘Weiroot 158’, ‘Gisela 5’ and ‘F12/1’) on phenolic acid and flavonol content of “Lapins” sweet cherry was investigated. Phenolic acids and flavonols were isolated from sweet cherries and analyzed by using reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). The major phenolic acids in sweet cherries were neochlorogenic acid (18–50 mg kg−1), chlorogenic acid (19–62 mg kg−1) and p-coumaric acid derivatives (15–125 mg kg−1). The amount of flavonol quercetin-3-rutinoside (8–37 mg kg−1) was significant as well. There are significant variations in the phenolic compound content among sweet cherry fruits grown on trees grafted on different vegetative rootstocks. The significantly higher chlorogenic acid, neochlorogenic acid, p-coumaric derivative and quercetin-3-rutinoside contents were found in sweet cherry fruits grown on trees grafted on ‘Weiroot 13’ and ‘PiKu 1’ rootstocks. Sweet cherries produced on trees grafted on other rootstocks had significantly lower phenolic compound content. 相似文献
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The sweet cherry cvs. ‘Burlat’, ‘Earlise’, ‘Samba’, ‘Souvenir’, and clone M, all with early ripening, large, dark, red-black fruit, were cultivated at a spacing of 3.80x1.75 m under complete rain cover in a whole orchard at the Klein-Altendorf Research Station near Bonn, Germany during April and May 2004. Under such cover, these sweet cherry trees flowered 6–13 days earlier and their fruit ripened 12–19 days earlier than those from uncovered control trees, indicating shorter or enhanced fruit development and maturation in up to 1 week. The cover proved insufficient for frost protection at night, despite increased daytime air and soil temperatures (by as much as 15°C and 5°C, respectively). Trickle irrigation was used to overcome loss of soil moisture due to the rain cover. Burlat leaves grown under this cover were thinner and softer and contained less chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and total chlorophyll than the leaves of uncovered control trees, without limiting photosynthesis. In contrast, the chlorophyll content of clone M leaves grown under cover equalled that of uncovered controls. Three of the five cvs. employed developed fruit mass of 9–15 g (25–33 mm fruit diameter). Three-year-old sweet cherry trees on dwarfing GiSelA 5 rootstocks were more vigorous than those without cover and produced 3–4.5 kg fruit per tree. The cover had no adverse effect on fruit colouration. The cherries grown under cover were slightly smaller, softer, with attractive colouration, and tasted better due to increases in both sugar and acidity, with sugar:acid ratios of 25–30:1. 相似文献
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Dr. Rolf Stehr 《Erwerbs-Obstbau》2011,53(2):35-41
Using varieties and rootstocks of apple and cherry as examples, the development of wide-ranging experimental work on pome and stone fruits is retraced. In the case of apple varieties, directed breeding programmes have produced new varieties showing successive and step-wise improvements. In the case of apple rootstocks, the excellent performance of M9 is beyond doubt. Competitiveness of sweet cherry production in the ??Altes Land?? has been maintained by several developments such as new varieties, slower-growing and more fertile rootstocks, and transparent roof-covers in order to avoid fruit-bursting. Changing personal responsibilities, ??historical merits?? and current personnel capacities are addressed. An outlook at future challenges casts a brief flashlight on perspectives for the next 25 years?? experimental work at the Fruit Experiment Station (OVA) Jork. 相似文献
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休眠期甜樱桃幼树体内氮素的运转 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以盆栽2a生甜樱桃庄园为试材,运用同位素示踪法研究了甜樱桃幼树在休眠期植株体内氮素的运转。结果表明,当年秋季吸收的15N积累趋势和总氮积累趋势一致,即根部大于地上部,而且更趋向于在根中积累。2005年12月8日与10月25日相比,芽、1a生木质、多年生木质、砧段木质、大根木质中氮含量减少,而1a生枝皮、多年生枝皮、砧段皮、大根皮、粗根、细根中氮含量增加,此期所有部位的NDFF值均降低。2006年2月12日与2005年12月8日相比除砧段皮氮含量降低外,其他部分的氮含量都有所增加,NDFF值均增加;与2006年2月12日相比,2006年4月21日芽、砧段皮、大根皮、细根的氮含量增加,各部位NDFF值均降低。秋季吸收的氮素可贮藏在根和枝干中,但贮藏在细根和粗根中的量大于枝干中的量。甜樱桃植株在休眠期间也具有吸氮能力,只是在不同的阶段其吸氮能力不同;同时此期氮素发生了再分配,由木质部运往皮部。 相似文献