共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 328 毫秒
1.
谷子几种农艺性状基因染色体定位及连锁关系的初步研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
利用三体分析法进行谷子染色体基因定位。以豫谷1号三体1-7、四体8和四体9为母本,显性矮秆、法谷56-81、马青苗为父本,配置组合分别进行显性矮秆基因、白米基因和青米基因染色体定位。根据三体1-7植株形态特征和父本标志性状鉴定各自的杂种F1,采用细胞学方法,通过检查植株根尖染色体数来鉴定杂种F1的三体8和三体９。经调查和分析各种三体杂种F2性状分离情况,把显性矮秆基因定位在3号染色体,白米基因定位在4号染色体,青米基因定位在6号染色体。对不同区域的9个青米品种等位检测表明,这些青米基因都是等位基因。以两点测验法,配置组合1066A×法谷56-81和1066A×马青苗进行基因连锁分析。结果,4号染色体上糯性胚乳基因与白米基因间的交换值为（28.9±4.4）cM;6号染色体上1066A不育基因与青米基因间的交换值为（23.2±1.8）cM。 相似文献
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小麦新品种系宛原50-2矮秆基因的染色体定位 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
宛原50-2是一个株高比常用矮矮，农艺性状较好的新品系。通过21个单体系F1、F2的株高和F2的赤霉酸反应及测交分析，发现该品系携带有4对或4对以上的矮秆基因。其中Rht IS位于染色体4B**上；Rht8和Rht9分别位于染色体2D和7B上；一对可能通过诱变产生的对赤霉酸不敏感的矮秆基因，暂命名为Rht（Wan），位于染色体4D上。 相似文献
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籼稻多蘖矮半矮秆基因的遗传分析和基因定位 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
对籼稻标记基因系材料多蘖矮的遗传分析表明, 其矮生性状是由2对隐性半矮秆基因控制的,分别为sd1和一个新的半矮秆基因,该基因初步定名为sdt3。以多蘖矮与南京6号杂交F2的分离群体为基础,应用SSR标记进行连锁分析,将半矮秆基因sdt3定位于第11染色体的SSR标记SSR98和SSR35之间,分别相距0.06 cM、0.13 cM,二者之间的物理距离约为93kb。以南京6号为轮回亲本与多蘖矮进行回交和自交获得由半矮秆基因sdt3控制的近等基因系（新多蘖矮）,以赤霉素处理表明由sdt3控制的半矮秆系新多蘖矮对赤霉素不敏感。 相似文献
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小麦几个“矮源”品种矮秆基因的遗传分析 总被引：8，自引：1，他引：8
本研究选用矮变1号、冬协2号为主要矮源,通过株高的常规遗传分析、单体分析和赤霉酸(GA_3)鉴定,分析了矮源品种矮秆基因的遗传特点。结果表明:矮变1号受一对不完全显性矮杆基因控制,其株高和胚乳皆对 GA_3不敏感。蚰包的衍生系冬协2号、CA8333和农林10号的衍生系 G-230携带有相同的一对隐性矮秆基因 Rht2,且位于4D 染色体上, 相似文献
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四倍体小麦矮秆基因的赤霉素敏感性及对农艺性状的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为明确四倍体小麦矮秆基因Rht14、Rht16和Rht18的赤霉素敏感性及其对小麦农艺性状的影响,促进这些矮秆基因的合理利用。选用分别含有Rht14、Rht16和Rht18的四倍体小麦近等基因系ANW16D(Rht14)、ANW16F(Rht16)、ANW16G(Rht18)及其高秆轮回亲本LD222以及六倍体小麦中国春(Chinese spring),测量其不同浓度GA3处理下小麦的株高,计算赤霉素敏感系数(GRI)并推断3种矮秆小麦的赤霉素反应类型。在成熟期对LD222近等基因系小麦的农艺性状如株高、穗长、主穗穗下第一茎节(P-1)节间长、节间表皮细胞、种子表皮细胞及种子体积等进行测量,分析Rht14、Rht16、Rht18这3个矮秆基因对小麦这些农艺性状的效应。结果表明,ANW16D、ANW16F和ANW16G这3个矮秆小麦株高恢复到正常LD222株高的最适GA3浓度为10-4mol/L;3个矮秆品种均为赤霉素敏感型且敏感性大小为中国春ANW16GANW16FANW16DLD222;Rht14、Rht16、Rht18均是通过降低主穗穗下第一茎节(P-1)节间长度来使小麦株高降低,降低效应为Rht18Rht16Rht14;它们降低小麦株高的根本原因均是缩短了小麦节间表皮细胞长度且缩短效应与降低株高效应一致;3个矮秆基因均在降低小麦株高的同时不影响种子的体积。 相似文献
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倒伏易引发小麦严重减产,发掘和利用优异矮秆基因是培育高产抗倒伏小麦新品种的关键。本研究以京411(WT)及其经EMS诱变获得的产量相关性状优良的矮秆突变体je0098为试验材料,对其株高进行遗传分析,结合外显子捕获测序和遗传连锁分析定位矮秆基因。3年田间株高数据统计分析表明,je0098与WT相比株高降低15cm,组织细胞学观察结果显示,je0098与WT相比节间细胞长度缩短18%,暗示je0098的矮化是由于节间细胞长度变短所致;赤霉素敏感性分析表明, je0098为赤霉素敏感型矮秆突变体。利用WT和je0098杂交构建的由344个单株组成的F2分离群体,结合F2:3家系表型数据,选取矮秆纯合和高秆单株构建混池,对两亲本和子代混池分别进行外显子捕获测序,在2D染色体上定位到一个具有降秆效应的数量性状位点(QTL)。结合全基因组重测序所得SNP位点,在2D染色体开发了6个KASP分子标记,对F2单株进行基因分型。利用QTL IciMapping作图软件构建遗传连锁图谱,结合3年田间表型数据,将矮秆基因定位在20.77～28.84 Mb区间内,遗传距离为11.48 cM。本研究结果为突变... 相似文献
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水稻半矮秆基因iga-1的鉴定及精细定位 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
在前期通过空间诱变获得半矮秆隐性突变基因iga-1的基础上,进一步对iga-1进行鉴定。农艺性状调查表明携带iga-1的矮秆株系CHA-2、CHA-2N与原种特籼占13相比存在明显变异。节间长度测量显示CHA-2、CHA-2N节间比例正常,属dn型。外源GA3处理、内源GA3测定和α-淀粉酶活性检测揭示iga-1与GA3调控无关。利用CHA-2与粳稻品种02428杂交获得的F2群体将iga-1定位在水稻第5染色体两个InDel标记DL18和DL19间32.01 kb的物理距离内。该区域有5个阅读框架,其中包括赤霉素信号传导调控基因D1。序列分析表明CHA-2、CHA-2N和特籼占13在D1位点上基因组序列不存在差异,推测D1并非iga-1的候选基因。比较水稻第5染色体上其他矮秆基因发现iga-1可能与半矮秆基因sd-7来自同一位点。 相似文献
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矮败小麦的赤霉酸反应杨丽,刘秉华(中国农业科学院作物育种栽培研究所北京100081)矮败小麦是具有矮秆基因标记的显性核不育材料,含有太谷核不育小麦的显性雄性不育基因ms2和矮变1号小麦品种的显性矮秆基因Rh10.基因ms2和Rht10在4Ｄ染色体短臂... 相似文献
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中国大麦育种主要矮源的遗传等位测验 总被引：7，自引：2，他引：5
矮和半矮秆杂交育成品种的系谱分析业已表明,尽八大麦、萧山立夏黄和沧州裸大麦是我国大麦育种的３个主要矮源。本研究根据普通遗传学原理,设计采用类似回交的测验方法,对它们遗传等位观测。结果表明,这３个大麦主要中矮源所携带的矮秆基因完全等位,与已知矮秆基因ｕｚ同属１个基因位点,位于大麦的第三染色体的短臂之上。与其它已知矮秆基因ｅｒｔ、ｂｒ和ｓｄｗ之间不等位,但存在积加效应。了我国大麦育种矮源单一化的问题。 相似文献
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De-wei Yang Xiang-hua Zheng Chao-ping Cheng Wen-da Wang Deng-hui Xing Li-bin Lu Chen-de Liu Ning Ye Mei-juan Zeng Xin-fu Ye 《Euphytica》2014,197(1):145-159
Dwarf mutants in plants are crucial for elucidating regulatory mechanisms for plant growth and development. Previous studies suggested that the heterotrimeric G-protein alpha subunit known as D1/RGA1 in rice was involved in deactivation function of the G protein. However, so far no partner has been analyzed the spatial structure change acting with D1. In this study, a dwarf mutant designated Mu101 was obtained in M2 population of rice indica cultivar M804 treated with 60Co γ-ray. Genetic analysis of Mu101 indicated that the dwarf phenotype was controlled by a single dwarf gene, and the dwarf mutant was insensitive to gibberellin (GA), which was named dwarf 89 (d89). Using a large F2 population derived from a cross between the d89 and a japonica rice variety, Taigeng16, the D89 gene was fine mapped into a 62.13 kb physical distance on chromosome 5, where eight open reading frames were predicted. Sequence analysis indicated that only one bp substitution (A-G) was found in LOC_Os05g26890 between M804 and the d89 mutant. The rice GA insensitive dwarf mutant DWARF1 gene was in this locus. The modeling analysis showed amino acid threonine to alanine mutation was likely to make the alpha helix short, and led to the G protein deactivation. 相似文献
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Characterizations and molecular mapping of a novel dominant semi-dwarf gene Sdd(t) in rice (Oryza sativa) 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
By nitrogen ion implanting, we obtained a semi‐dwarf mutant from a japonica rice cultivar Y98148, designated as Y98149. The genetic analysis of Y98149 indicated that the semi‐dwarf phenotype was controlled by a single dominant gene, Sdd(t). We show that Y98149 reduced plant height mainly via inhibiting the first, second and third internode elongation. Based on this dwarfing pattern, the mutant could be grouped into dn‐type dwarf defined by Takeda [Gamma Field Symp. (1977) Vol. 16, PP. 1–18] . In addition, the Sdd(t) gene was sensitive to gibberellin (GA) based on the response to extraneous GA3 and the quantitative determination of endogenous GA1 and GA4. To map the Sdd(t) gene, we tested molecular markers by bulk segregant analysis. The Sdd(t) gene was localized to a 6.4 cM‐interval on the short arm of chromosome 6, flanked by two sequence‐tagged site markers S9 and S13. 相似文献
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矮败小麦及应用途径分析 总被引：13，自引：1，他引：13
矮败小麦是具有矮秆基因标记的显性核不育材料，非矮秆品种与之授粉，后代群体中的矮秆株是雄性不育的，而非矮秆株是雄性可育的。矮败小麦是太谷核不育小麦的第二代产品，多方面优于太谷核不育小麦，在常规育种、轮回选择和基础研究中有远大的应用前景。 相似文献
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Min Wang Liping Chen Ruizhen Qin Haitao Zhang Yingrao Shi Qinquan Chen Sheng Luo Fan Wang Zhijun Cheng 《Plant Breeding》2016,135(5):580-587
Dwarf mutants are valuable and crucial resources for genetic research and crop breeding programme in rice. In this study, we identified a dwarf mutant derive from tissue culture, which exhibited a delayed heading date and dwarfism under long‐day growth conditions, suggesting the heading date of dwarf mutant was sensitive to day length. Based on 2000 F2 mutant‐like individuals from the cross of the mutant and a Japonica var. ‘IRAT129’, the dwarf gene was finally narrowed into a 512‐kb region near the centromere on chromosome 9. According to the sequence analysis of a delimited region, 21 genes had base alternations either in promoters (15 SNPs) or in coding regions (6 InDels) among 73 annotated genes, and five genes were confirmed sequence alternations resulting from their expression mainly in the vegetative organs. Given to the RNAi plants of the five genes incapable to mimic dwarf and late heading date phenotype, the candidate gene remains to be identified by other genetic or molecular methods. Therefore, all these results give us informative foundation for the day‐length‐sensitive dwarf gene isolation. 相似文献
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The genes Ms2 for male sterility and Rht10 for dominant dwarfing located on the short arm of chromosome 4D in common wheat arc closely linked. Male sterile, dwarf F1 plants from the cross of male sterile‘Chinese Spring’× dwarf‘Ai-bian’were backcrossed with the variety‘Chinese Spring, From this offspring a spontaneous chromosome translocation was isolated resulting in a recombinant male sterile and dwarf genotype. 相似文献
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Ruizhen Qin Yang Qiu Zhijun Cheng Xueyan Shan Xiuping Guo Huqu Zhai Jianmin Wan 《Euphytica》2008,160(3):379-387
This study was to determine the agronomic and genetic characteristics of a novel rice dominant dwarf mutant 986083D (japonica) and its potential in breeding. 986083D derived from the anther culture of an autotetraploid indica/japonica hybrid and its progeny segregated into normal and dwarf plants. Homozygous and heterozygous 986083D plants looked similar
phenotypically, showing shortened stature, erect leaves, more tillers and poor fertility. The segregation ratio of dwarf to
normal plants fit the expected 3:1 by χ2-test in 77 out of 88 tested lines. Crosses between homozygous 986083D and eight other rice varieties had uniform semi-dwarf
F1 plants. The F1 plants from crosses between heterozygous 986083D and five other varieties had normal and semi-dwarf plants close to the expected
ratio of 1:1. The reduction of plant height in F1 plants ranged from 40.0 to 53.5% in a subtropical environment and from 37.5 to 48.2% in a temperate environment. 986083D
showed moderate sensitivity to exogenously applied GA3 in terms of elongation of shoots and induction of α-amylase activity in the endosperm. Linkage analysis showed that the dominant
dwarf gene (designated as Dx) in 986083D was not allelic to D53. Dx was roughly mapped to the short arm of chromosome 8. All results showed that 986083D was a novel mutant controlled by single
dominant gene, providing a valuable material in rice breeding.
Ruizhen Qin, Yang Qiu contributed equally to this work. 相似文献