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三种药物对孔雀鱼的急性毒性试验 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
用高锰酸钾、孔雀石绿和亚甲基兰三种药物对孔雀鱼开展急性毒性试验,并记录了它们在24h、48h、72h和96h出现的中毒症状和死亡数。结果显示:三种药物的96hLC50分别为1.27mg/L,0.73mg/L和273.5mg/L;三种药物的SC分别为0.13mg/L,0.07mg/L和23.75mg/L。相比较而言,亚甲基蓝是最安全和理想的治疗药物。 相似文献
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两栖类作为一类重要的水产养殖品种，目前养殖规模日益扩大，消毒剂的使用已不可避免。为探明常用水产消毒剂对两栖类急性毒性的影响，保障两栖类养殖中消毒剂的安全使用，选取38～39期的棘胸蛙蝌蚪作为试验材料，选择氯化钠、甲醛、高锰酸钾和聚维酮碘4种常见水产消毒剂作为试验药物，进行急性毒性试验，结果显示，4种消毒剂在24、48、72、96 h的半致死质量浓度排序均为：氯化钠>甲醛>高锰酸钾>聚维酮碘。其中氯化钠、甲醛、高锰酸钾、聚维酮碘4种药物对棘胸蛙蝌蚪96 h的半致死质量浓度分别为7145.53、16.32、3.61、2.93 mg/L,安全质量浓度分别为1949.01、4.80、0.88、1.85 mg/L。根据生态环境部发布的毒性分类标准，氯化钠和甲醛属于低毒消毒剂，而高锰酸钾和聚维酮碘属于中毒消毒剂。充分考虑剂量敏感性和使用方便性，推荐使用聚维酮碘作为消毒剂。此外由于蝌蚪对消毒剂的敏感性通常高于鱼类，因此在棘胸蛙等两栖类养殖过程中，需要减少消毒剂的使用剂量。试验结果将对两栖类的规模化养殖中消毒剂的安全使用提供依据，助力两栖类养殖业的健康发展。 相似文献
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广东鲂鱼苗对水产药物敏感性的试验 总被引：9，自引：1，他引：8
测定了１２种药物对广东鲂鱼种的最低致死质量浓度范围、中间忍受限和安全质量浓度。药物对广东鲂鱼苗的安全质量浓度依次为：孔雀石绿＜硝酸亚汞＜硫酸铜＜亚甲基蓝＜鱼菌清＜晶体敌百虫＜高锰酸钾、漂白粉＜鱼虫净＜生石灰＜甲醛＜食盐。讨论了药物的应用问题。 相似文献
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加州鲈鱼苗对十种药物的敏感性试验 总被引：11，自引：2，他引：11
用十种常用药物对加州鲈鱼苗做了敏感性试验，结果，加州鲈鱼苗对十种药物的敏感性强度为：孔雀石绿＞硝酸亚汞＞敌百虫＞高锰酸钾＞漂白粉＞硫酸铜合剂＞生石灰＞甲醛，各种药物对加州鲈鱼苗的安全浓度依次序分别为：０．０２５、０．０２、０．０４、０．７４、１．２、１．４２、３３．１８、４２ｐｐｍ。此外，食盐、亚甲基蓝实验浓度分别在８０００、２０ＰＰｍ时，浸泡９６小时仍不死鱼。 相似文献
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水硬度对七彩神仙鱼幼鱼发育的影响 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
采用不同硬度的水对七彩神仙鱼幼鱼进行饲养。6周龄幼鱼在硬度为7.94°dH±0.30°dH时饲养84d后,比在硬度为14.71°dH±0.23°dH水中的幼鱼个体大,生长速度快。表明较高硬度的水有利于七彩神仙鱼幼鱼的生长发育。 相似文献
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The variation of virulence of Renibacterium salmoninarum , the causative agent of bacterial kidney disease (BKD) in salmonid fish, was studied by infecting rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum), with two isolates (strains 325 and 932) from diseased Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., and one isolate (strain 4366) from an apparently healthy Atlantic salmon. Coho salmon, Oncorhynchus kisutch (Walbaum), were injected with the strain 932 to estimate difference in fish species resistance. Fish were removed by random sampling for other study purposes, a study design possible with analysis of lifetime distributions incorporating both sampling-, death- and survival-times. At the end of the experiment, the rainbow trout infected with strains 325, 932 and 4366 had a survival probability of 33%, 51% and 72%, respectively. The coho salmon infected with strain 932 had a 26% survival probability. The strain differences were significant according to the log-rank test, and the risk ratio between the strains ranged from 1·8 to 5·4. The strain from the apparently healthy fish was least virulent. The survival of the fish species was different over time. Rainbow trout were more likely to die early in the time course, but high numbers of coho died later, resulting in an overall risk of mortality of 1·4 in favour of rainbow trout. Differences in virulence may reflect changed selective pressure on R. salmoninarum when introduced from feral stocks into the environment of fish farms. 相似文献
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《水生生物资源》2003,16(5):461-465
Anti-proteinase activity was demonstrated in the seminal plasma of cyprinid fish species (bream, chub, ide, dace, asp, goldfish, roach, common carp) using electrophoretic techniques combined with a detection method based on inhibition of bovine trypsin. We found species-specific protease inhibitors in the seminal plasma of cyprinids. At least three bands of protease inhibitors with different migration rates could be identified by native PAGE. Higher variability was characterized for bands with slower migration rates. Visualization of inhibitors after SDS-PAGE under non-reducing conditions allowed estimation of their molecular weights. Apparent molecular weights were within the range of 51–59 and 47–54 kDa for the bands with slower and moderate migration rates, respectively. The molecular weight of fast migration bands for roach and common carp were estimated to 23 and 30 kDa, respectively. Inhibitors of common carp seminal plasma differed in their affinity toward serine proteases. Three inhibitors in common carp seminal plasma could be visualized using cod and bovine trypsin, but only two inhibitors (of high molecular weight) were recognized with chymotrypsin. There were differences in anti-proteinase activity and seminal plasma protein concentration in relation to the origin of common carp seminal plasma (breeding lines) and time of milt collection (spawning vs. post-spawning season). 相似文献
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该研究通过肉眼观察、镜检,进行干露、饥饿、盐度突降、福尔马林等抗性试验,并采用病毒检测等方法,以期建立评估斑节对虾（Penaeus monodon）虾苗活力和质量标准。结果表明,斑节对虾健康虾苗具有趋光性、集群性,体表光洁,肌肉透亮,肠胃食物充盈等特性。测试虾苗干露时间以15min为宜,健康虾苗干露后能立即恢复活力,而病弱虾苗多出现死亡、昏迷现象;虾苗的成活率随饥饿时间的延长而降低,随福尔马林浓度升高和时间延长而降低,随盐度突降幅度增加而降低。健康虾苗能忍受100～200μL·L^-1福尔马林溶液30min,成活率近100％;在盐度20～30下虾苗的成活情况较好,而其在淡水中仅能存活1h。对虾苗进行病毒检测,可以避免养殖中因虾苗携带病毒而可能导致的病毒性疾病的暴发。 相似文献
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鳟鱼发眼卵和旨种运输是养鳟生产的重要环节。发眼卵多在冬季和早春运输,苗种多在晚春和夏季运输。苗种运输大多以鱼篓充氧进行短距离汽车运输,长途运输冷水性鱼苗种的实例很少。本文总结了金鳟和虹鳟苗种长途运输方法,以期与养鳟业界共同交流提高。一、包装材料和方法内包装材料是苗种运输专用塑料袋,规格54×104cm,外包装是泡沫塑料箱,规格63.5×45.5×30．5cm,纸箱规格64×46×32．5cm。塑料袋采取双层式,内装苗种和水共12.5kg,其中苗种0.5-1．3kg,100－2000尾。起运前苗种停食1－2天。运鱼用水水温调至6℃,鱼、水入袋后袋内… 相似文献
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该研究选取具有多态性的6对微卫星引物对构建的2批合浦珠母贝(Pinctada fucata)完全双列杂交家系的遗传多样性进行了分析。6个微卫星标记在9个家系360个个体中共检测到32个等位基因,有效等位基因(Ne)为1.758 7~3.586 5,观测杂合度(Ho)为0.144 4~0.488 9,期望杂合度(He)为0.432 0~0.722 2,Shannon指数(I)为0.691 9~1.507 4。9个家系都有单态位点,平均Ho为0.129 2~0.466 7,平均He为0.155 0~0.439 6,平均I为0.248 5~0.712 2。有19个位点(占35.19%)极显著地偏离Hardy-Weinberg平衡。各家系之间的遗传距离为0.109 0~1.137 2,遗传相似性系数为0.320 7~0.896 8。家系L4B46与L4B48的遗传距离最大,与D3D313的遗传距离最小。UPGMA法聚类分析显示,9个家系分为3支,L4B48单独成一支,B4D426、B4D427与D4B445聚成一支,其余家系聚成一支。该研究结果为合浦珠母贝家系选择育种的亲本选择与交配设计提供了科学依据。 相似文献
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猪的胎盘属于弥散型胎盘,这种胎盘的结构特点和饲养管理的不当,常常导致母猪胎衣不下发生,给生猪的生产繁殖带来极大损失。本文针对母猪胎衣不下发生病因、综合防治进行详细阐述,旨在对预防和治疗胎衣不下能有所帮助。 相似文献
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牙鲆刺激隐核虫病的防治 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
2005年七、八月份,乐亭、滦南一带多家工厂化牙鲆养殖场发生刺激隐核虫病,此种病虫害发病急、传染快、死亡率高。发生过该病的养殖场牙鲆死亡率一般都在50％～80％之间,这种病害给牙鲆养殖业带来很大损失。 相似文献