首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 62 毫秒
1.
Recent reports have shown that dietary phosphatidylcholine (PC) has various beneficial biological effects. Omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega3 PUFAs) have also been reported to have lipid-lowering effects in animal models and human studies. In the present study, we investigated the effect of omega3 PUFAs containing PC (omega3-PC) on obesity-related disorders in Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima fatty (OLETF) rats. Rats were fed semisynthetic diets that contained either 5% corn oil and 2% egg-PC or 5% corn oil and 2% omega3-PC for 4 weeks. During this 4 week feeding of the omega3-PC, the OLEFT rats showed a decrease of omental white adipose tissue weight. In addition, the omega3-PC diet significantly decreased liver weight and hepatic lipid levels in OLETF rats. These changes were attributable to the significant suppression of fatty acid synthase activity and significant enhancement in the activities of carnitine palmitoyltransferase and peroxisomal beta-oxidation. Moreover, the omega3-PC diet reduced serum glucose levels concomitant with the increase of serum adiponectin levels. These results show that compared with egg-PC, omega3-PC can prevent or alleviate obesity-related disorders through the suppression of fatty acid synthesis, enhancement of fatty acid beta-oxidation, and increase of the serum adiponectin level in OLETF rats.  相似文献   

2.
Activities of enzymes involved in hepatic fatty acid oxidation and synthesis among rats fed sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) differing in lignan content (sesamin and sesamolin) were compared. Sesame seeds rich in lignans from two lines, 0730 and 0732, lines established in this laborary, and those from a conventional cultivar (Masekin) were employed. Seeds from the 0730 and 0732 lines contained sesamin and sesamolin at amounts twice those from Masekin. Sesame seeds were added at levels of 200 g/kg to the experimental diets. Sesame increased both the hepatic mitochondrial and the peroxisomal fatty acid oxidation rate. Increases were greater with sesame rich in lignans than with Maskin. Noticeably, peroxisomal activity levels were >3 times higher in rats fed diets containing sesame seeds from the 0730 and 0732 lines than in those fed a control diet without sesame. The diet containing Masekin seed caused only a 50% increase in the value, however. Diets containing seeds from the 0730 and 0732 lines, compared to the control and Masekin diets, also significantly increased the activity of hepatic fatty acid oxidation enzymes including acyl-CoA oxidase, carnitine palmitoyltranferase, 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase, and 3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase. In contrast, diets containing sesame lowered the activity of enzymes involved in fatty acid synthesis including fatty acid synthase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, ATP-citrate lyase, and pyruvate kinase. No significant differences in enzyme activities were, however, seen among diets containing sesame from Masekin cultivar and lines 0730 and 0732. Serum triacylglycerol concentrations were lower in rats fed diets containing sesame from lines 0730 and 0732 than in those fed the control or Masekin diet. It is apparent that sesame rich in lignans more profoundly affects hepatic fatty acid oxidation and serum triacylglycerol levels. Therefore, consumption of sesame rich in lignans results in physiological activity to alter lipid metabolism in a potentially beneficial manner.  相似文献   

3.
We investigated the effects of American ginseng (AG) and heat-processed American ginseng (H-AG) on diabetic renal damage using streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats in this study. The diabetic rats showed a loss of body weight gain, and increases in kidney weight, food intake, water intake, and urine volume, whereas the oral administration of H-AG at a dose of 100 mg/kg of body weight per day for 20 days attenuated these diabetes-induced physiological abnormalities. Among the renal function parameters, the elevated urinary protein levels in diabetic control rats were significantly decreased by the AG or H-AG administrations, and the decreased creatinine clearance level was significantly increased in H-AG-administered rats. In addition, the markedly high serum levels of glucose and glycosylated protein in diabetic control rats were significantly decreased by the administration of H-AG, implying that H-AG might prevent the pathogenesis of diabetic complications caused by impaired glucose metabolism and glycosylation of serum proteins. Although no significant ameliorations were shown in overexpressed protein expressions related to diabetic oxidative stress by the AG or H-AG administrations, the accumulation of N (epsilon)-(carboxymethyl)lysine and receptors for advanced glycation endproduct (AGE) expressions were significantly reduced by the administration of H-AG. On the basis of these results, we found that AG and H-AG inhibit AGE accumulation in diabetic rat kidney by their hypoglycemic and renal function ameliorating effects, and this effect was stronger in the H-AG-administered group than in the AG-administered group. These findings indicate that H-AG may have beneficial effect on pathological conditions associated with diabetic nephropathy.  相似文献   

4.
Alcoholic fatty liver disease (AFLD) is the result of an excessive or chronic consumption of alcohol. Nine male Wistar rats per group were randomly assigned to one of the following drinking treatments: a 20% (w/w) alcohol solution (ALC); a 20% (w/w) alcohol solution cotreated with 0.25 g silymarin/kg BW/day; or a 20% (w/w) alcohol solution cotreated with 0.025 g Niuchangchih ( Antrodia camphorata )/kg BW/day for 4 weeks. Rats with cotreatments of silymarin or Niuchangchih had smaller (p < 0.05) relative liver size, less (p < 0.05) liver lipid accumulation, and lower (p < 0.05) liver damage indices [aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) values]. In the regulation of alcohol metabolism, the lower serum alcohol level was observed only in alcohol-fed rats supplemented with Niuchangchih. Meanwhile, cotreatment of silymarin or Niuchangchih increased (p < 0.05) CAT and ALDH activities but did not (p > 0.05) affect ADH and CYP2E1 expressions, which accelerate alcohol metabolism in the body. Additionally, neither silymarin nor Niuchangchih (p > 0.05) influenced serum/hepatic MMP-2 activities and NF-κB, AP1, and α-SMA gene expressions, but serum/hepatic MMP-9 activities and TNF-α, KLF-6, and TGF-β1 gene expressions of alcohol-fed rats were down-regulated (p < 0.05) by silymarin or Niuchangchih, which also could explain the lower liver damage observed in rats chronically fed alcohol.  相似文献   

5.
Using a rat model with fructose-induced metabolic syndrome, the effect of gravinol was investigated. Male Wistar rats were fed a 65% fructose diet and administered 10 or 20 mg of gravinol/kg of body weight/day for 2 weeks. High-level fructose feeding led to hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, hypertri-glyceridemia, and hypertension. On the other hand, the administration of gravinol significantly lowered serum glucose and total cholesterol levels. The tail arterial blood pressure was significantly elevated with the high-fructose diet. However, rats given gravinol showed a lower blood pressure as compared with fructose-fed control rats. In addition, the triglyceride (TG) levels in serum and lipoprotein fraction were dose-dependently reduced in rats fed gravinol. The decreases of hepatic TG and total cholesterol by gravinol were responsible for the down-regulation of hepatic sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP)-1. However, gravinol did not affect the protein levels of hepatic peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha and SREBP-2. Moreover, gravinol administration in the fructose-fed rats markedly reduced the glycosylated protein and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance levels in the serum and hepatic mitochondria, and it inhibited the increase of the cyclooxygenase-2 protein level as a result of the down-regulation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB). Furthermore, the decrease of anti-apoptotic bcl-2 protein levels and the increase of pro-apoptotic bax protein levels by the high-fructose diet were reversed by gravinol. These findings suggest that fructose-induced metabolic syndrome is attenuated by gravinol administration, which is associated with the reduction of serum lipids and protection against the proinflammatory state induced by oxidative stress.  相似文献   

6.
The effect of dietary conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) on hepatic lipid parameters in Sprague-Dawley rats was examined. When rats were fed a diet containing CLA at 0 (control), 1, or 2% of the weight of the amount of food given for 3 weeks, the liver weight exhibited a slight increase in the CLA-fed groups, although the difference was not significant. Lipid accumulation in the hepatocytes of CLA-fed rats was also demonstrated by electron microscopic observation. In addition, the liver thiobarbituric acid reactive substances levels were significantly higher in the 2 wt % CLA group than in the other two dietary groups, and the levels of phosphatidylcholine hydroperoxide were higher in CLA-fed groups when compared to that of the control group. On the other hand, the serum lipid peroxide levels were comparable among all three dietary groups. Levels of triglycerides in the white adipose tissue (WAT) and serum nonesterified fatty acid (NEFA) were reduced in a CLA-dose-dependent manner. CLA was shown to accumulate in the WAT much more than in the serum or liver. These results suggest that CLA accelerates the decomposition of storage lipids in WAT and the clearance of serum NEFA levels, resulting in lipid peroxidation and a morphological change in the liver.  相似文献   

7.
Recent studies have shown that dietary phospholipids, especially phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylserine, have various beneficial biological effects. However, there are not enough data concerning the physiological function of dietary phosphatidylinositol (PI). The metabolic syndrome, a cluster of metabolic abnormalities such as dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension, is a widespread and increasingly prevalent disease in industrialized countries. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is often associated with features of the metabolic syndrome. NAFLD describes the spectrum of liver damage ranging from hepatic steatosis to steatohepatitis, liver fibrosis, and cirrhosis, and it is emerging as the most common liver disease worldwide. The present study examined whether dietary PI protects Zucker ( fa/ fa) rats from the metabolic syndrome. For 4 weeks, rats were fed semisynthetic diets containing either 7% soybean oil or 5% soybean oil plus 2% PI. Dietary PI markedly prevented the development of hepatomegaly and hepatic steatosis and lowered hepatic injury markers in serum. Additionally, hyperinsulinemia was relieved by the feeding of dietary PI in Zucker rats. These effects were attributable to an increase in serum adiponectin, enhancement of fatty acid beta-oxidation, and suppression of mRNA expression of inflammatory genes in the liver. This is the first report that dietary PI increases serum adiponectin level and prevents the development of NAFLD in a rat model of the metabolic syndrome.  相似文献   

8.
In contrast to other metabolic functions, the role of dietary antioxidants and oil on microsomal lipid oxidation has been less extensively studied. This study examines ascorbate-Fe(2+) and NADPH-induced lipid peroxidation of hepatic microsomes of rats that were fed for three weeks high-oleic-acid oils (high-oleic sunflower oil, HOSO; olive oil, OO; or olive pomace oil, OPO) containing different concentrations of the antioxidants alpha-tocopherol, erythrodiol, and oleanolic acid. The fatty acid composition of hepatic microsomes of Wistar rats that were fed for three weeks with the above-mentioned oils had lower proportions of C16:0, C18:2n6, and C22:6n3 and higher proportions of C18:0 and C18:1n9 than rats fed the control diet. Light emission by hepatic microsomes increased, in the first 180 min, 2-fold after ascorbate-Fe(2+) addition compared with NADPH addition. Both increases were less pronounced in microsomes of OPO-fed rats and to a smaller extent in microsomes of OO-fed rats. Smaller increases in light emission were associated positively with higher concentrations of dietary alpha-tocopherol, erythrodiol, and oleanolic acid but were not associated with changes in fatty acid composition of hepatic microsomes. Addition of alpha-tocopherol, erythrodiol, or oleanolic acid decreased light emission of hepatic microsomes with a greater inhibition in microsomes of rats fed the control diet. Our data suggest that erythrodiol and oleanolic acids partly explain the protective effect of dietary OPO on microsomal lipid peroxidation in rats.  相似文献   

9.
  相似文献   

10.
Seafood from Gilbert Bay, southern Labrador, was sampled for lipid classes, fatty acid, and sterol composition. Gilbert Bay is a proposed Marine Protected Area, and the composition of seafood from this region is interesting from both human health and ecological perspectives. Analyses included four species of bivalves and flesh and liver samples from four fish species. Lipids from a locally isolated population of northern cod (Gadus morhua) were also compared to lipids from other cod populations. Lipid classes were analyzed by Chromarod/Iatroscan TLC-FID, fatty acids by GC, and sterols by GC-MS. Three cod populations had similar levels of total lipid per wet weight (0.6%) with triacylglycerols (TAG), sterols, and phospholipids comprising on average 13, 11, and 51%, respectively, of their total lipids. Fatty fish such as capelin and herring contained on average 8.4% lipid with 86% present as TAG. Fish livers from cod and herring showed opposite trends, with cod having elevated lipid (27%) and TAG (63%) and herring containing only 3.8% lipid and 20% TAG. Shellfish averaged 0.6% lipid; however, significant lipid class differences existed among species. Fatty acid analysis showed few significant differences in cod populations with on average 57% polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), 18% monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), and 24% saturated fatty acids (SFA). Cod livers had lower PUFA (34%) and elevated MUFA (44%) relative to flesh. Bivalves averaged 25% SFA, 18% MUFA, and 57% PUFA, whereas scallop adductor muscle had the highest PUFA levels (63%). Bivalves contained 20 different sterols with cholesterol present as the major sterol (19-39%). trans-22-Dehydrocholesterol, brassicasterol, 24-methylenecholesterol, and campesterol individually accounted for >10% in at least one species. High levels of PUFA and non-cholesterol sterols observed in Gilbert Bay seafood demonstrate their positive attributes for human nutrition.  相似文献   

11.
The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP) in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP). Male rats (10 weeks old) were divided into three groups: a control group fed an AIN-93 M diet and two others fed supplemental AMP (17.5 and 87.5 mg/kg diet) for 3 weeks. AMP effectively improved hypertension, plasma triglyceride, and HDL-cholesterol, glucose, kidney function parameters, hepatic lipid, enhances plasma nitric oxide, and plasma adiponectin accompanied by the up-regulation of mRNA expression levels of the hepatic adiponectin receptor 2. Single and chronic oral administration of AMP affected the hepatic mRNA expression levels of genes involved in β-oxidation, fatty acid synthesis, and AMP-activated protein kinase. Furthermore, a single oral dose of AMP (40 mg/kg body weight) improved hypertension and hyperglycemia in SHRSP. In conclusion, AMP displays a novel effect in ameliorating metabolic-related diseases in SHRSP and could be beneficial as a functional food.  相似文献   

12.
The aim of this study was to elucidate the effect of fish-oil-derived monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) containing large amounts of C20:1 and C22:1 isomers on metabolic disorders in mice. Male C57BL/6J mice were fed a 32% lard diet (control) or a 27% lard plus 5% saury-oil-derived MUFA diet for 6 weeks. Dietary MUFA improved insulin resistance and alleviated metabolic syndrome risk factors by reducing blood glucose and lipids. These favorable changes may be attributed to an improved adipocytokine profile. MUFA ingestion resulted in favorable changes in mRNA expression of genes involved in glucose/lipid metabolism (SCD-1, CPT1a, UCPs, and CS) as well as inflammation (MAC1, MMP3, and SAA3) and alterations in fatty acid composition. Our data suggest that marine MUFA improved glucose/lipid homeostasis and hindered the development of metabolic syndrome in obese mice.  相似文献   

13.
The antiatherogenic properties of a novel dietary formula (PS-CO) of plant sterol esters of fatty acids, produced by enzymatic interesterification of plant sterols with canola oil (CO), in a CO matrix containing 1,3-diacylglycerol, were evaluated in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. PS-CO consumption strongly tended to lower total plasma cholesterol levels by 21%, compared to the placebo group. Blood triglycerides were reduced by 38% and 36% compared to CO and placebo-fed mice, respectively. Serum lipid peroxide levels were lowered following PS-CO administration by 62% and 63%, compared to CO and placebo administration, respectively. Unlike CO supplementation, PS-CO consumption preserved serum paraoxonase (PON1) activity. Mouse peritoneal macrophages from PS-CO-fed mice exhibited reduced cellular uptake of oxidized-LDL compared to those from placebo-fed mice and demonstrated a tendency toward a decreased capability to release superoxide anions. These findings indicate that PS-CO supplementation is beneficial in reducing serum lipid levels, and serum and macrophage oxidative stress, thus contributing to the reduction in atherogenic risk factors.  相似文献   

14.
Nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) is also called hepatic steatosis and has become an emergent liver disease in developed and developing nations. This study was to exam the preventive effects of taurine (Tau) on the development of hepatic steatosis via a hamster model. Although hepatic steatosis of hamsters was induced by feeding a high-fat/cholesterol diet, drinking water containing 0.35 and 0.7% Tau improved (p < 0.05) the serum lipid profile. Meanwhile, the smaller (p < 0.05) liver sizes and lower (p < 0.05) hepatic lipids in high-fat/cholesterol dietary hamsters drinking Tau may be partially due to higher (p < 0.05) fecal cholesterol, triacylglycerol, and bile acid outputs. In the regulation of lipid homeostasis, drinking a Tau solution upregulated (p < 0.05) low-density lipoprotein receptor and CYP7A1 gene expressions in high-fat/cholesterol dietary hamsters, which result in increased fecal cholesterol and bile acid outputs. Drinking a Tau solution also upregulated (p < 0.05) peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPAR-α) and uncoupling protein 2 (UPC2) gene expressions in high-fat/cholesterol dietary hamsters, thus increasing energy expenditure. Besides, Tau also enhanced (p < 0.05) liver antioxidant capacities (GSH, TEAC, SOD, and CAT) and decreased (p < 0.05) lipid peroxidation (MDA), which alleviated liver damage in the high-fat/cholesterol dietary hamsters. Therefore, Tau shows preventive effects on the development of hepatic steatosis induced by a high-fat/cholesterol dietary habit.  相似文献   

15.
Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) strongly prevents fat accumulation in adipose tissue of mice, even if hepatic fat deposition and insulin resistance are concomitantly observed. This study investigated the possibility of maintaining the antiadiposity properties of CLA while preventing adverse effects such as liver steatosis and hyperinsulinemia. To this end, mice were divided into three groups and fed a standard diet (control) or a diet supplemented with 1% CLA (CLA) or a mixture of 1% CLA plus 7.5% pine nut oil (CLA + P). The combination of CLA + P preserved the CLA-mediated antiadiposity properties (70% fat reduction), preventing hepatic steatosis and a sharp increase in plasmatic insulin starting from the eighth week of CLA treatment. The assay of both fatty acid synthesis and oxidation in the CLA + P mice revealed a time-dependent biphasic behavior of the corresponding enzymatic activities. A sudden change in these metabolic events was indeed found at the eighth week. A strong correlation between the changes in key enzymes of lipid metabolism and in insulin levels apparently exists in CLA-fed mice. Furthermore, lower levels of lipids, in comparison to values found in CLA-fed mice, were observed in the liver and plasma of CLA + P-fed animals.  相似文献   

16.
Plant sterols (phytosterols) have been shown to possess serum cholesterol-lowering properties. In recent years, several phytosterol-enriched functional food products have been developed and marketed. Some phytosterol products contain common unsaturated sterols and some contain a subset of phytosterols called phytostanols (saturated sterols, also called plant stanols). Current methods for the quantitative analysis of plant sterols are labor intensive and require sophisticated gas or liquid chromatographs. In this study, a popular commercial spectrophotometric serum cholesterol test kit was evaluated for the analysis of plant sterols. The results indicate that the method could be modified to analyze phytosterols and phytostanols by increasing the incubation time. Both free phytosterols and fatty acyl phytosteryl esters were quantitatively analyzed, but ferulate phytosteryl esters, such as those that are found in corn and other cereals, were not hydrolyzed by the enzymes in the test kit and therefore were not detected.  相似文献   

17.
The protective effects and the possible mechanisms of dry matter of fermented filtrate (DMF) from Antrodia camphorata in submerged culture (ACSC) on H(2)O(2)-induced cytotoxicity in HepG2 and carbon tetrachloride (CCl(4))-induced hepatotoxicity in Sprague-Dawley rats were investigated. The results showed that the inhibitory effect of DMF and its crude triterpenoids on lipid peroxidation occurred in a dose-response manner in an AAPH/linoleic acid system. When HepG2 cells were pretreated with DMF at the concentration of 0.10 mg/mL for 4 h and then induced by 1 h of treatment with H(2)O(2) (100 microM), lipid peroxidation was significantly (p < 0.05) decreased, as measured by the formation of malondialdehyde. The oral pretreatment with DMF [0.25 and 0.50 mg/kg of body weight (bw)] for 5 consecutive days prior to the administration of a single dose of 40% CCl(4) (0.10 mL/100 g of bw, ip) significantly prevented the increase in serum levels of hepatic enzyme markers (alanine and aspartate aminotransferase) and liver lipid peroxidation (p < 0.05). Histopathological evaluation of the rat liver revealed that DMF reduced the incidence of liver lesions, including neutrophil infiltration, hydropic swelling, and necrosis induced by CCl(4) in rats. Moreover, reduced glutathione (GSH)-dependent enzymes (glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, and glutathione S-transferase) and the GSH/GSSG ratio were significantly improved in the oral pretreatment DMF of rats (p < 0.01). The results suggest that DMF may play a role in preventing oxidative damage in living systems by up-regulating hepatic GSH-dependent enzymes to preserve the normal GSH/GSSH ratio and scavenging free radicals formed during CCl(4) metabolism.  相似文献   

18.
We investigated the effects of erythritol on rats with streptozotocin- (STZ-) induced diabetes mellitus. Oral administration of erythritol [100, 200, or 400 mg (kg body weight)(-1) day(-1) for 10 days] to rats with STZ-induced diabetes resulted in significant decreases in the glucose levels of serum, liver, and kidney. Erythritol also reduced the elevated serum 5-hydroxymethylfurfural level that is glycosylated with protein as an indicator of oxidative stress. In addition, thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance levels of serum and liver and kidney mitochondria were dose-dependently lower in the erythritol-treated groups than in the control diabetic group. Furthermore, the serum creatinine level was reduced by oral administration of erythritol in a dose-dependent manner. These results suggest that erythritol affects glucose metabolism and reduces lipid peroxidation, thereby improving the damage caused by oxidative stress involved in the pathogenesis of diabetes.  相似文献   

19.
A gas chromatographic (GC) method has been developed for the simultaneous quantitation of fatty acids and sterols in orange juice, using a bonded phase fused silica capillary column of intermediate polarity, splitless automatic injection, and flame ionization detection. Sample preparation has been simplified by using 1 g C-18 adsorbent in a disposable minicolumn to extract 2 mL orange juice. Methylation of fatty acids and silylation of the sterols were carried out in the eluted extract (low polarity lipid fraction). The method precision was 7%; recoveries ranged from 83 to 113%. The precision of the injection technique was 2%. Seven major fatty acids and 5 sterols in orange juice were quantitated by the GC method and identified by GC/mass spectrometry. Quantitative data for several orange juice samples indicated that the levels of the compounds of interest were in the 1.3-72.0 mg/L range. The results demonstrate that bonded phase fused silica capillary GC has great versatility and potential for the quantitative determination of fatty acids and sterols.  相似文献   

20.
The physiological activities of some phenolic compounds affecting hepatic fatty acid synthesis in mice were compared. Male ICR mice were fed an experimental diet containing 1% quercetin dihydrate, rutin, or ferulic acid or a control diet free of phenolic compounds for 15 days. Quercetin significantly lowered serum cholesterol and phospholipid levels in mice. Also, the serum triacylglycerol level was considerably lower in mice fed the quercetin-containing diet than in those fed a diet free of phenolic compounds, although the difference was not significant. Rutin and ferulic acid did not affect these parameters. Quercetin significantly reduced the activity and mRNA levels of various enzymes involved in hepatic fatty acid synthesis. Rutin reduced a few of the parameters for lipogenesis, but ferulic acid did not affect any of the parameters. It was suggested that a reduction in hepatic lipogenesis is the mechanism underlying the hypolipidemic effect of quercetin.  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号