共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 187 毫秒
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指出了近年来我国土壤污染态势严峻,已发生多起土壤污染事件。污染土壤的修复是以降低污染、恢复质量、重新利用为目的,利用物理、化学和生物手段对土壤中的污染物进行控制、降解和转化的过程。从实际情况出发,分析了主要的污染土壤修复技术,然后讨论了污染土壤修复技术的选择,最后针对土壤污染修复治理策略提出了若干建议,为相关土壤污染治理行业提供参考。 相似文献
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从土壤污染特点及危害谈起,介绍了土壤污染修复原理、土壤污染的修复技术和防治土壤污染的措施。创造性地提出了对污染严重（如重金属、有机农药、有毒有害物质严重污染）的土壤,可以把它当作砖瓦等建筑材料的原料,通过高温使污染土壤陶化,以固定重金属或使有机污染物降解的防治措施。 相似文献
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分析了城市土壤污染现状，指出了重金属污染是土壤污染原因之一,研究了其污染的程度及影响,探讨了通过利用植物修复技术恢复土壤活力的问题。 相似文献
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《内蒙古林业调查设计》2019,(6):101-104
蚯蚓因其在土壤中的掘穴、取食、消化、排泄等活动可以影响土壤生态系统的物理、化学和生物性质而被称为"生态系统的工程师",作为一种大型土壤动物,它对土壤性质的影响近年来得到了较多关注。文章分别从蚯蚓对土壤的物理、化学、生物三方面影响并结合近年来对于蚯蚓生态功能方面的研究实例来介绍其生态功能:①蚯蚓的活动对团聚体的形成有一定的促进作用,对土壤孔性、土壤结构有一定的影响。②蚯蚓在土壤中的掘穴等活动对于土壤中K、P等养分的含量和有机物质的循环有一定的影响。③蚯蚓在生态系统中的活动及其活动产生的附属物(蚓粪)对土壤酶、微生物数量和生物量以及微生物群落结构产生的影响。综述了近年来对于蚯蚓生态功能的研究进展,为进一步研究提供依据。 相似文献
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有机肥施用量及蚯蚓投放量对茶树+橡胶林地土壤的改良效果 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
通过在茶树+橡胶林地内进行了有机肥施用量及蚯蚓投放量对其林地土壤改良效果的研究。结果表明,不同的有机肥(牛粪)施用量+蚯蚓投放量对其林地土壤的综合改善作用是20 kg蚯蚓+20 kg牛粪10 kg蚯蚓+20 kg牛粪5 kg蚯蚓+20 kg牛粪10 kg蚯蚓+10 kg牛粪10kg蚯蚓+5 kg牛粪20 kg牛粪对照;在施用相同数量有机肥牛粪的条件下,投放蚯蚓数量多的处理对茶树+橡胶林地土壤物理性状改善的效果大于投入数量少的处理,但投放20kg蚯蚓与投放10kg蚯蚓对其林地土壤物理性状改善作用没有明显差别。而在投放相同数量蚯蚓的条件下,则是施用牛粪多的比少的明显。各处理对茶树+橡胶林地土壤物理性状及化学性质各指标的效果较一致,并且对林地0~20 cm土层及20~40 cm土层的土壤物理性状及化学性质均有改善作用,其改善效果是0~20 cm土层优于20~40 cm土层,但差异不显著。 相似文献
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Soil fauna can sensitively respond to alterations in soil environment induced by land-use changes.However,little is known about the impact of urban land-use changes on earthworm communities.In this study,three land-use types(i.e.,forest,nursery and abandoned lands)were chosen to identify differences in diversity,abundance and biomass of earthworm community in Kunming City.Urban land-use had a pronounced difference in species composition,evenness and diversity of earthworm communities.Forest land had the highest density,biomass and diversity of the earthworm communities.Total abundance was dominated by endogeic species in nursery land(70%)and abandoned land(80%),whereas in the forest land,the earthworm community comprised epigeic,endogeic and anecic species.Temporal changes in earthworm density and biomass were also significantly affected by land-use change.Total density and biomass of earthworms in the forest and nursery lands were highest in September,but highest in the abandoned land in October.The influence of soil physicochemical properties on the earthworm density and biomass also varied with land-use types.Soil temperature significantly affected earthworm density and biomass in the three land-use types.Soil pH was positively correlated with earthworm biomass in the forest land,but negatively associated with earthworm density in the abandoned land.Soil organic matter was positively correlated only with density and biomass of earthworms in the nursery and abandoned lands.Our results suggest that the species composition,abundance and biomass of earthworm communities can be determined by the modification of soil properties associated with urban land-use type. 相似文献
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在室内恒温（20℃）培养1个月后,研究了蚯蚓活动对铜尾矿复垦地土壤碱解氮和全氮的影响。实验分别设置荩草和小飞蓬2种植被土的4种处理：①不接种蚯蚓、不添加秸秆的对照（S）;②仅接种蚯蚓（E）;③仅添加秸秆（O）;④接种蚯蚓、添加秸秆（OE）,各重复3个。试验结果显示：无论是否添加秸秆,在矿区复垦地接种蚯蚓（E,0E）可显著提高土壤中碱解氮的含量（P〈0．05）。荩草接种蚯蚓（E）碱解氮含量是对照（S）的1．10倍,小飞蓬接种蚯蚓（E）碱解氮含量是对照（S）的1．06倍;在矿区复垦地接种蚯蚓（E,OE）可显著提高土壤中全氮的含量（声〈0．05）。荩草接种蚯蚓（E）全氮含量是对照（S）的1．5倍,小飞蓬接种蚯蚓（E）全氮含量是对照（S）的1．04倍;接种蚯蚓后,各个处理的氮素矿化速率均为正值,并显著高于（P〈0．05）原土样,蚯蚓活动在不同的植被下对土壤氮的影响不同。 相似文献
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为了探究镉(Cd)污染土壤原位修复中细菌物种多样性及其群落结构特征,采用Illumina Miseq高通量测序技术对不同土壤修复剂处理后土壤的细菌群落进行了分析.结果表明:土壤修复剂的处理会影响土壤细菌群落的多样性及其组成.土壤中主要优势菌门为变形菌门(Proteobacteria)(18.99％ ～35.79％)、放... 相似文献
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Luis G. García-Montero Inmaculada Valverde-Asenjo María A. Grande-Ortíz Cristina Menta Isabel Hernando 《Agroforestry Systems》2013,87(4):815-826
Granules of calcium carbonate are known to be produced by the calciferous glands of earthworms, and may have a measurable impact on the soil; however, little is known of their dynamics. Earthworms are often found in Tuber melanosporum burns, and this truffle is closely linked to calcium carbonate and soil pH. The present work shows that in weakly calcareous soil burns with high earthworm (Prosellodrilus sp.) activity, earthworm casts showed a significant increase of 0.2 units of pH and 66 % more total calcium carbonate than soils in the burns, although the casts were produced from these same soils. Analysis of the soil carbonate fractions (active carbonate versus calcium carbonate greater than 50 μm in size) showed that the origin of the increase in the total calcium carbonate content of the Prosellodrilus sp. casts cannot be explained by the levels of original carbonate existing in the soils in the study, although it can be explained by the synthesis of calcite granules by earthworms. These results obtained in the field with Prosellodrilus sp. confirm Canti’s (2009) experiments in the laboratory using δ13C concerning the synthesis of calcite granules by Lumbricus terrestris. Both these results and other works indicate that production of calcite granules by Prosellodrilus sp., L. terrestris, Aporrectodea longa, A. trapezoides and Anisochaetae sp. has the ability to increase soil pH and calcium carbonate; additionally Lambkin et al. (2011) have found that higher soil pH and carbonates can cause an increase in the production of calcite granules by L. terrestris. All these results, therefore, point to a feedback process, scope of which is a function of the different soil types and earthworm species. In summary, different earthworm species may have a significant and positive impact on soil pH and net recarbonation of T. melanosporum burns, and the importance of both soil properties justifies the development of further experiments aimed at incorporating vermiculture into the truffle cultivations. 相似文献
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林地在维持森林生态系统稳定、保护物种多样性、促进经济发展及保障人民生活等方面起着重要作用。但如今大气干湿沉降、矿区及工业生产污染以及有机肥超量施用等造成的重金属污染问题正日益威胁着森林生态系统正常功能的发挥。微生物在林地重金属污染修复方面具有明显效果,对其修复机制进行研究具有重要的理论意义。文中综述林地重金属污染物的来源及微生物修复机制,介绍微生物对重金属的吸附、累积,通过代谢过程对重金属进行氧化、还原、甲基化、去甲基化等生物转化,以及通过矿化、络合作用钝化重金属来修复重金属污染等修复机理,并提出研究展望,以为后续林地土壤微生物修复提供参考。 相似文献