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以籽鹅种蛋为研究对象,在种蛋孵化至20、24、27胚龄时,随机选取部分种蛋,从孵化器移至摊床继续进行孵化直至出雏完毕。比较上摊孵化与全程机器孵化的效果,并研究最佳的上摊胚龄。通过试验证明,籽鹅机器孵化的受精蛋孵化率平均为85.84%,上摊孵化的受精蛋孵化率平均为89.23%,提高3.39个百分点(P<0.05)。籽鹅在20,24,27胚龄上摊的受精蛋孵化率分别为87.41%、91.03%、89.19%(P>0.05),可见机器孵化鹅胚蛋至24胚龄时上摊孵化效果最好。 相似文献
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通过孵化试验,探索了在高海拔地区蛋鸡蛋重对孵化效果的影响.试验结果种蛋蛋重在55 g至65 g范围内孵化效果好,入孵蛋平均孵化率在77.7%,健雏率为97.1%. 相似文献
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我县某乡兽医站对分批入孵的星杂288种蛋采用恒温式孵化。孵化温度为37.8℃,相对湿度为50～60%,通风和翻蛋等条件均按常规的标准掌握。于1989年1～2月已顺利孵出3批雏鸡,其受精蛋平均孵化率为90.13%,但第4批受精蛋孵化率陡然下降到71.40%。且健雏率低。 相似文献
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中国大鲵子二代规模化人工孵化技术的研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
系统研究了影响大鲵子二代孵化率的环境因子(包括水质、水温、孵化密度)、硬件设施和软件管理技术。从理论上阐明孵化水质的离子比例平衡直接影响孵化率和苗种成活率,试验结果表明,广州华宝珍稀水产养殖有限公司养殖场调节水和水库水适合孵化,孵化率分别为53.3%和46.7%;过高、过低孵化水温都可导致大鲵胚胎发育停止,适宜孵化水温为16~22℃,最适水温为(20±1)℃;孵化密度以每筛(25 cm×35 cm×6 cm)放150颗受精卵为宜(孵化率为48%)。在本试验设定的条件下,大鲵孵化率逐年提高,由1998年的平均3%,提高到2003年的平均18%。 相似文献
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为了探究不同孵化方法对骡鸡种蛋孵化率的影响,通过在孵化中后期采用不同凉蛋时间、恒温与变温孵化、不同湿度条件下孵化3种方法对种蛋进行孵化率比较试验.结果:在孵化中后期每天凉蛋30 min比15 min孵化率高5.8个百分点(P>0.05);变温比恒温孵化率高0.6个百分点(P>0.05);相对湿度60％～70％比55％～... 相似文献
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1. Hatching time, hatchability of fertile eggs and embryo mortality under standard egg storage (1 or 5 days at 12?±?1°C and 55% relative humidity) and incubation conditions (37·5?±?0·2°C and 50% relative humidity) were analysed in lines long-term selected for high (HG) and low (LG) relative weight gain between 11 and 28?d of age, respectively, and constant body weight at 49?d of age. 2. Egg storage duration did not have an effect on average hatching time. LG quail, characterised by a fast postnatal growth rate immediately after hatching, hatched earlier than HG quail with a low early growth rate (about 391 vs. 406?h after egg setting, respectively). 3. In contrast to hatching time, the hatchability of fertile eggs was influenced by line as well as egg storage duration. Extended storage decreased hatching success in both lines. However, LG eggs exhibited a higher hatchability than HG eggs (1?d storage: 96·0 vs. 82·5%; 5?d storage: 88·7 vs. 72·7%, respectively). 4. Lower hatchability resulted mostly from a higher frequency of embryo death during early (up to d 7) and late (d 14 and later) phases of incubation. 5. An inadequate nutrient supply to embryos in consequence of developmental delay seems to be a key factor decreasing viability of embryos during incubation. 相似文献
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Effect of intensity of eggshell pigment and illuminated incubation on hatchability of brown eggs 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
The effects of intensity of brown eggshell pigment (light (LBP), medium (MBP) and dark (DBP)) and light intensity during incubation (low and high, 900 to 1380 and 1430 to 2080 lux, respectively) on eggshell characteristics, embryonic growth, hatchability traits, chick hatching weight and hatching time were investigated using eggs from a meat-type breeder (Hybro) flock at 32, 36 and 41 weeks of age in three trials. With eggs of similar weights the intensity of brown pigment was not associated with eggshell weight and thickness, and did not influence embryo weight and egg weight loss during incubation. The shade of brown pigment of eggs laid by young hens influenced the percentage hatchability (HP) of eggs incubated under light. Illuminated incubation improved HP of LBP eggs (compared with MBP and DBP eggs) from 32- and 36-week-old hens, but had no significant effect on HP of eggs from 41-week-old hens. Light intensity during incubation did not influence egg weight loss. High intensity of light during incubation reduced HP and increased early death percentage (EDP) in the LBP and MBP groups, and did not influence HP and EDP in the DBP group. Brown eggshell pigment and intensity of light during incubation did not influence hatching time. It is concluded that the shade of brown pigment, intensity of light during incubation and age of the breeder hens influenced the hatchability performance of embryos from brown eggs. Light during incubation improved the hatchability of embryos in light brown eggs laid by young hens and the shade of brown pigment of eggs laid by older hens did not influence hatchability under illuminated incubation. High intensity of light during incubation reduced hatchability of light and medium brown eggs, but not the dark brown eggs. 相似文献
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本试验旨在研究不同水平蛋重与蛋形指数对籽鹅种蛋孵化效果的影响,进而总结出种蛋筛选的最佳方案,为籽鹅个体、家系种蛋的选留及籽鹅的繁衍、孵化、生产提供科学参考。选取二年籽鹅种蛋2 469枚,蛋重为94.8~154.4 g,平均蛋重（123.3±9.5）g;蛋形指数为1.24~1.63,平均蛋形指数1.45±0.05。采用2因素4水平试验设计,将所有种蛋按蛋重与蛋形指数分成16个孵化组（蛋重与蛋形指数分别分为4个水平）,测量每枚种蛋蛋重与蛋形指数,并在蛋壳上做好编号,在相同孵化条件、同一孵化设备中进行两次孵化试验。结果表明,①蛋重<118.0 g组种蛋受精率最高,>131.9 g组次之;>131.9 g组种蛋受精蛋孵化率最高,125.0~131.9 g组次之,且受精蛋孵化率随着蛋重增大升高;125.0~131.9 g组种蛋孵化健雏率最高,>131.9 g组次之;>131.9 g组种蛋孵出鹅雏出生重最大。②蛋形指数在1.47~1.51组种蛋受精率及种蛋孵化健雏率最高,>1.51组次之;1.47~1.51组种蛋受精蛋孵化率最高,1.42~1.46组次之。分析以上结果可得出：籽鹅种蛋蛋重对种蛋受精率、受精蛋孵化率、健雏率、鹅雏出生重有显著影响（P<0.05）,以籽鹅蛋重在125.0~154.4 g为宜;蛋形指数对种蛋受精率、受精蛋孵化率、健雏率亦有显著影响（P<0.05）,对种蛋孵出鹅雏出生重无影响（P>0.05）,以蛋形指数在1.47~1.51为宜。籽鹅种蛋蛋重与蛋形指数对受精率、受精蛋孵化率、健雏率、鹅雏出生重的影响均存在交互作用。其中,蛋形指数对种蛋孵化健雏率的影响较蛋重强,其作为单一因素对鹅雏出生重无影响。以上结果表明,以蛋重或蛋形指数任一因素作为种蛋筛选的依据都不科学,应综合考虑以达到种蛋优选的目的。 相似文献
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Effect of breeder age and breeding season on egg production and incubation in farmed ostriches 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
(1) This research was carried out to investigate changes in egg production and hatchability as influenced by age and breeding season of 10 trios (two females, one male) of ostrich (Struthio camellus) during 1998 to 2002. (2) Breeding season affected number of eggs laid per female per season, average egg weight, length of laying period and clutch sequence. (3) The number of eggs laid per female per season was 25 in the first breeding season and 57 by the fifth breeding season. The laying period lasted 169 d in the first season whereas it was 210 d by the fifth season. The breeding season became longer year by year. (4) The number of clutches was two in the first season, three in the second and 4 in the later breeding seasons: the mean interval between cycles was 9 to 10.6 d and the mean number of eggs in one cycle varied from 12 to 14.4. (5) The breeding season affected the hatchability of fertile eggs, chick weight at hatching, hatchability of total eggs, fertility, malpositioned embryos, deformed chicks and assisted chicks during hatching. The first 4 variables increased and the last three decreased, with each breeding season. (6) Weight loss of eggs and length of incubation were unaffected by the breeding season. Hatchability which was 64.3% in the first season increased progressively and reached 73.1% in the fifth breeding season. 相似文献
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本试验通过对不同品种鹅种蛋在孵化过程中的失重及孵化效果进行研究。结果表明,种蛋1 d~28 d平均失重率以莱茵鹅最高,与豁鹅、籽鹅比较差异显著(p<0.05),而豁鹅与籽鹅比较,差异不显著(p>0.05)。受精率以莱茵鹅最高,与豁鹅比较差异达到了显著水平(p<0.05),与籽鹅比差异极显著(p<0.01)。受精孵化率籽鹅与豁鹅、莱茵鹅比较,差异分别达到了极显著水平(p<0.01)和显著水平(p<0.05)。入孵蛋重与28d胚蛋重呈强正相关,失重率随蛋重增加而降低;蛋重越大,初生重也随之增大。 相似文献
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本试验将90枚孵化第18天的落盘肉仔鸡胚蛋随机分为3组,分别向羊膜腔注射0.5mL复合氨基酸溶液、0.5mL生理盐水和不注射(对照组),研究对孵化率和后期胚胎生长的影响。结果显示:各处理组间的孵化率和出壳体重无显著差异(P>0.05),但出壳重与第18天胚蛋重的比值有显著差异(P<0.05),注射氨基酸组比对照组增加2.3%。这些结果表明鸡胚给养氨基酸可有效增加肉鸡出壳重。 相似文献
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This paper was aimed to study the impact of hatching egg weights and egg shape indexs on hatching of Zi goose,and then sum up the best scheme for hatching eggs screening,so as to provide scientific reference for the selection and retention of Zi goose individuals and family hatching eggs,as well as the breeding and incubation production.2469 hatching eggs of Zi geese of the second year were chosen with the weight range of 94.8 to 154.4 g and an average weight of (123.3±9.5) g;the egg shape index range was 1.24~1.63 and the average index was 1.45±0.05.Using 2 factors 4 levels test design,the weight and the shape index of eggs were divided into four levels and all the eggs were separated into 16 hatching groups.The weight and the shape index were measured and labeled on eggshells.Two hatching experiments were conducted in the same instrument and the hatching conditions were same.The results showed that:① Egg fertility rate was the highest in egg weight <118.0 g group,followed by >131.9 g group;Hatchability of fertilized eggs was the highest in >131.9 g group,followed by 125.0~131.9 g group,and the hatchability of fertilized eggs increased along with the increase of egg weight;The highest healthy chick rate of breeding egg hatching lay in 125.0~131.9 g group,followed by >131.9 g group;The highest breeding egg hatching gosling birth weight lay in >131.9 group.② When egg shape index was between 1.47 to 1.51,the egg fertility rate and healthy chick rate were the highest,followed by >1.51 group;In the group 1.47 to 1.51,hatchability of fertilized eggs was the highest,followed by 1.42 to 1.46 group.In conclusion,hatching egg weight of Zi goose had significant impact on egg fertility rate,hatchability of fertilized eggs,healthy chick rate and gosling birth weight (P<0.05),and the egg weight of Zi goose between 125.0~154.4 g was advisable;on the other hand,egg shape index also had significant impact on egg fertility rate,hatchability of fertilized eggs and healthy chick rate (P<0.05),but had no impact on gosling birth weight (P>0.05),and the egg shape index between 1.47 to 1.51 was appropriate.Egg fertility rate,hatchability of fertilized eggs,healthy chick rate and gosling birth weight were affected by interaction of egg weight and shape index.Compared with the weight of eggs,the egg shape index had greater influence on healthy geese rate.The egg shape index had no direct impact on birth weight of young geese,but it could be influenced by the interaction between the egg shape index and the weight.Thus it was not very scientific to take either the weight or the index as the only basis for choosing qualified hatching eggs. 相似文献
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Tona K Onagbesan O Bruggeman V De Smit L Figueiredo D Decuypere E 《Domestic animal endocrinology》2007,33(1):32-46
This study investigated the effect of non-ventilation of the incubator during the first 10 days of incubation and its combination with dexamethasone administration at day 16 or 18 of incubation on hatching parameters and embryo and post-hatch chick juvenile physiology. A total of 2400 hatching eggs produced by Cobb broiler breeders were used for the study. Blood samples were collected at day 18 of incubation, at internal pipping stage (IP), at the end of hatch (day-old chick) and at 7-day-post-hatch for T(3), T(4) and corticosterone levels determination. From 448 to 506 h of incubation, the eggs were checked individually in the hatcher every 2h for pipping and hatching. The results indicate that non-ventilation during the first 10-day shortened incubation duration up to IP, external pipping (EP) and hatch, had no effect on hatchability and led to higher T(3) levels at IP but lower corticosterone levels at 7-day-post-hatch. The injection of dexamethasone at days 16 and 18 of incubation affected hatching and blood parameters in both the ventilated and non-ventilated embryos differentially and the effect was dependent on the age of the embryo. Dexamethasone increased T(3) levels and T(3)/T(4) ratios but the effect was greater with early non-ventilation of eggs. Dexamethasone decreased hatchability but the effect was greater when injected at day 16 and especially in ventilated embryos. The effects of incubation protocols and dexamethasone treatments during incubation were still apparent in the hatched chicks until 7 days of age. The changes in T(3), T(4) and corticosterone levels observed in response to the early incubation conditions and late dexamethasone treatments in this study suggest that incubator ventilation or non-ventilation may influence the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA) regulation of stress levels (in terms of plasma corticosterone levels) and thyroid function in the embryo with impact on incubation duration, hatching events and early post-hatch life of the chick. Our results also suggest that some stages of development are more sensitive to dexamethasone administration as effects can be influenced by early incubation protocols. 相似文献