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1.
Ten dogs with carcinoma of the prostate gland were treated with intraoperative orthovoltage radiotherapy (radiation therapy to surgically exposed tumors). Seven dogs had tumor growth confined to the prostate gland and urethra, and 3 dogs had carcinoma of the prostate gland and regional lymph node involvement. Total radiation doses delivered to the prostate gland of 9 dogs and the affected regional lymph nodes of 3 dogs, using orthovoltage x-rays, ranged from 20 to 30 Gy. Carcinoma of the prostate gland of one dog was intraoperatively irradiated to 15 Gy and was then given a boost of 40 Gy, using cobalt-60 teletherapy. Survival time ranged from 41 to 750 days after intraoperative radiotherapy. Median and mean survival times for all dogs were 114 and 196 days, respectively. The median survival time for 7 dogs with localized prostatic carcinoma was 180 days, which was longer, but not significantly longer (P = 0.09), than the median survival time of 80 days in 3 dogs having prostatic carcinoma and metastatic disease. Intraoperative radiotherapy was tolerated well and caused complete response in 5 dogs. However, surgical complications in 2 dogs, which had subtotal lymphadenectomy or prostatic biopsy performed concurrently at the time of irradiation, resulted ultimately in their deaths. The 2 other dogs with metastatic disease and 1 dog without metastatic disease also had poor response to treatment. Our results indicated that intraoperative radiotherapy is an effective treatment for localized prostatic carcinoma in the dog.  相似文献   

2.
RADIOTHERAPY OF CANINE NON-TONSILLAR SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
The records of 14 dogs treated with megavoltage radiation for non-tonsillar oral squamous cell carcinoma were reviewed to determine the efficacy of this treatment modality. Total radiation dose was either 48 or 57 Gray (Gy), while dose per fraction was either 3.0 or 4.0 Gy. Median disease free interval and survival were 365 and 450 days, respectively. Median disease free interval was shorter in dogs older than nine years (210 days) as compared with dogs less than or equal to nine years old (470 days), (p < .005). Median survival was shorter in dogs older than nine years (315 days) as compared with dogs less than or equal to nine years old (1080 days), (p < 0.02). Weight, stage, anatomic subsite, intraoral location, duration of disease, prior surgery, and number of radiation fractions did not appear to influence disease free interval or survival. Data presented herein suggest that survival in dogs with non-tonsillar squamous cell carcinoma receiving megavoltage radiation may be longer than that achieved with orthovoltage radiation or surgery. Megavoltage radiation appears to be an effective treatment for non-tonsillar oral squamous cell carcinoma in dogs. Further study is needed to determine the optimal time-dose sched-ule.  相似文献   

3.
Radiotherapy of malignant nasal tumors in 67 dogs   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  
The nasal cavity of 67 dogs with malignant nasal neoplasia was treated with radiation. Preirradiation surgical cytoreduction of the tumor was done in 41 dogs. Fifty dogs were irradiated by use of 10 fractions over 22 days, and 17 dogs were given a similar total dose in 5 fractions over 35 days. The range of survival times (0.5 to 42 months), median survival time (8.5 months), and 1- and 2-year survival rates (38% and 30%, respectively) were better than those expected for other methods of treatment. Serious complications were few (4%). Survival times for dogs were determined on the basis of histologic tumor type and on the basis of megavoltage (cobalt or linear accelerator) vs softer deep radiation (cesium or orthovoltage) treatment, with or without cytoreductive surgery. Survival times of 10 dogs given softer radiation without surgery were shorter than those of 14 dogs that were given softer radiation and had cytoreductive surgery. Survival times of dogs that were given softer radiation and had surgery were similar to those of dogs that were given megavoltage radiation only. Cytoreductive surgery did not improve survival times for dogs that were given megavoltage radiation. Median survival time for 38 dogs with adenocarcinoma was 12 months, compared with 6 months for 14 dogs with squamous cell or undifferentiated carcinoma. Median survival time for 16 dogs with a variety of sarcomas was 11.2 months. Survival times of dogs with adenocarcinoma or sarcoma were significantly better (P less than 0.02 or 0.03) than for dogs with squamous cell or undifferentiated carcinoma. Necropsies were performed on 27 of 58 dogs that died or were euthanatized.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)  相似文献   

4.
Canine oral papillary squamous cell carcinoma (COPSCC) is a rare neoplasm and although locally invasive it carries a favourable prognosis following wide surgical excision. Radiotherapy has been reported to be effective as an adjunct treatment to surgery. However, limited information is available on the role of radiotherapy as single treatment. This single‐institution retrospective study describes a series of 10 dogs diagnosed with macroscopic COPSCC that were treated with definitive‐intent radiotherapy (DRT) as a monotherapy. These dogs had a median age of 4 years (range: 0.4‐9.6 years). The tumour was located in the rostral oral cavity in all cases with a median tumour size of 2.5 cm (range: 0.8‐6.8 cm). No local or distant metastases were identified. All dogs were treated with electron beam DRT (>32Gy, 10‐16 daily fractions of 3.2Gy). The median follow‐up time was 961 days (range: 333‐3.498 days) with nine dogs achieving a complete response and one dog a partial response. The dog with the partial response developed disease progression at 228 days after initiation of radiotherapy. Two dogs died from non‐tumour‐related causes. The remaining seven dogs were still alive and in complete remission at the time of last follow‐up. Median progression‐free survival time and median survival time were not reached. DRT was generally well tolerated, but all dogs experienced self‐limiting acute radiation mucositis (grade 2‐3) and/or dermatitis (grade 1). No late radiation toxicity was observed. Macroscopic COPSCC appears to be a radiosensitive tumour that can be successfully treated with DRT eliminating the need for aggressive surgery in advanced cases.  相似文献   

5.
Squamous cell carcinoma of the nasal plane in eight dogs was treated with radiotherapy. Radiotherapy failed to control the tumor in each dog. Mean time until treatment failure was apparent was 2.9 months. Squamous cell carcinoma of the nasal plane in dogs appears to respond more poorly to radiotherapy than does squamous cell carcinoma of the gingiva.  相似文献   

6.
This study describes the experience with hypofractionated radiation therapy of squamous cell carcinoma and melanoma in dogs and cats. A total dose of 32-48 Gray (Gy) was delivered once a week in 8 Gy fractions. 34 animals in which a complete surgical excision was impossible were treated. There was no tumor detectable macroscopically in 14 patients at the beginning of radiation therapy. In 20 animals the median volume of the tumor was 9.9 cm3. The median survival times and the local tumor control of squamous cell carcinoma of the oral and nasal cavities and of the body are comparable to results which were reached with a Monday-Wednesday-Friday scheme. For the treatment of Melanoma the hypofractionated radiation therapy is first choice. There are no significant side effects. Late side effects did not occur. 88% of the owners are satisfied with this kind of treatment and would choose it again.  相似文献   

7.
Seven cats with advanced oral squamous cell carcinoma were treated with palliative radiotherapy. Megavoltage radiation in 8 Gray (Gy) fractions was delivered on days 0, 7, and 21 for a total dose of 24 Gy. Treatment field included the mandible, oropharynx, retropharyngeal lymph nodes, and tonsils. Adjuvant treatment with chemotherapy was variable. Age ranged from 13 to 18 years old with a median age of 15 years. Three of the seven cats (43%) did not complete treatment. Six cats were euthanized due to tumor growth and/or radiation side effects with a median survival time of 60 days (range = 42 to 97 days, mean = 63 +/- 8.4 days). Radiotherapy complications or progression of disease occurred in 6 of 7 (85.7 %) cats and included adverse clinical signs, such as mucositis, serosanguinous oral discharge, pain, and dysphagia. These data suggest that coarse fractionation radiotherapy did not result in palliation in cats with inoperable oral squamous cell carcinoma.  相似文献   

8.
Objectives : To review the presenting clinical signs, treatment and survival of dogs with tonsillar squamous cell carcinoma and, if possible, to identify useful prognostic indicators. Methods : Medical records of 44 dogs were reviewed retrospectively. Clinical signs, clinical stage, time of diagnosis, treatment and outcome were recorded. Data were analysed using the Kaplan‐Meier, log‐rank, Student's t test, Kruskal‐Wallis test and Chi‐square/Fisher Exact test as appropriate. Results : The most frequent clinical signs were cough (12 dogs, 27%), enlarged lymph nodes (11 dogs, 25%) and dysphagia (11 dogs, 25%). Anorexia and lethargy were less common but were significantly associated with a poor outcome. No matter what treatment modalities were used, survival times were short and median survival time for all the dogs in the study was 179 days. However, there were a small number of long‐term survivors. Clinical Significance : Dogs with tonsillar squamous cell carcinoma that suffered anorexia and lethargy had shorter survival times than patients without these clinical signs. Although surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy seem to increase the median survival time of dogs diagnosed with tonsillar squamous cell carcinoma, there is no highly effective treatment for canine tonsillar squamous cell carcinoma.  相似文献   

9.
Eighteen dogs with malignant nasal cavity tumors were treated with radiation therapy, including a boost technique. Three 3:0 Gy boost doses were added to a treatment protocol consisting of sixteen 3.0 Gy daily fractions, bringing the total dose to 57 Gy. This boost technique was implemented without an associated increase in overall treatment time by giving the boost doses on a twice-a-day basis. Boost doses were given during the first half of the radiation therapy period. The treatment was completed as planned in 16 of the 18 dogs; two dogs received lower doses (51 and 54 Gy). Median survival was 177 days, poorer than in some other reported studies of nasal tumor irradiation. Acute effects were unacceptable, with 11 of the 18 dogs developing severe mucositis, desquamation, edema, swelling, and pruritus. The extensive nature of the acute reactions compromised assessment of the effect of the increased radiation dose on the tumor. Although there is justification for assessing more aggressive radiation protocols in canine nasal tumor patients, total doses approximating 60 Gy can not be given as described because of the inability of acutely responding normal tissues to compensate.  相似文献   

10.
Canine tonsillar squamous cell carcinoma is an aggressive disease with a poor prognosis. A retrospective study was undertaken of all dogs that were presented between January 1999 and January 2004 to the Animal Health Trust for the treatment of tonsillar squamous cell carcinoma. Five cases were identified, and their median survival time was 211 days (95 per cent confidence interval 80 to 352) with two of the five dogs remaining alive at the end of the study, 826 and 1628 days from diagnosis with no clinical signs of disease. The protocol was well tolerated with only one of the five dogs showing toxicity associated with carboplatin and all dogs that started radiotherapy completing it. Compared with results of previous studies, these cases suggest that surgical cytoreduction followed by coarse fractionated radiotherapy together with carboplatin may be a useful way to treat this tumour. Carboplatin alone caused partial remission in the two cases where it was used as neo-adjunctive therapy.  相似文献   

11.
Fifteen cats were treated for squamous cell carcinoma of the nasal planum using proton beam radiation. The protocol used was accelerated with eight equal fractions given on four consecutive days, with a minimum of six hours between fractions. Total dose of radiation delivered was escalated with nine cats receiving 40.4 CGE (60Co Gy equivalent), and three cats each receiving 42.4 and 44.8 CGE. Complete response to the protocol was 60% (9/15), partial response was 33% (5 of 15), and no response was seen in 6.6% (1 of 15). Tumor control rate at one year was 64% and no cat had tumor recurrence after one year. Median survival was 946 days (+/- 516 days). Side effects were minimal with no severe reactions noted in the early or late period. This protocol offers an effective treatment for squamous cell carcinoma of the feline nasal planum with minimal side effects and may be adaptable to conventional radiation sources particularly when the field size is very small.  相似文献   

12.
OBJECTIVE: To compare long-term results of radiotherapy alone versus radiotherapy followed by exenteration of the nasal cavity in dogs with malignant intranasal neoplasia. DESIGN: Retrospective study. ANIMALS: 53 dogs with malignant intranasal neoplasia. PROCEDURE: All dogs underwent radiotherapy consisting of administration of 10 fractions of 4.2 Gy each on consecutive weekdays. For dogs in the surgery group (n=13), follow-up computed tomography was performed, and dogs were scheduled for surgery if persistent or recurrent tumor was seen. RESULTS: Perioperative complications for dogs that underwent surgery included hemorrhage requiring transfusion (2 dogs) and subcutaneous emphysema (8). Rhinitis and osteomyelitis-osteonecrosis occurred significantly more frequently in dogs in the radiotherapy and surgery group (9 and 4 dogs, respectively) than in dogs in the radiotherapy-only group (4 and 3 dogs, respectively). Two- and 3-year survival rates were 44% and 24%, respectively, for dogs in the radiotherapy group and 69% and 58%, respectively, for dogs in the surgery group. Overall median survival time for dogs in the radiotherapy and surgery group (477 months) was significantly longer than time for dogs in the radiotherapy-only group (19.7 months). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results suggest that exenteration of the nasal cavity significantly prolongs survival time in dogs with intranasal neoplasia that have undergone radiotherapy. Exenteration after radiotherapy may increase the risk of chronic complications.  相似文献   

13.
Surgery with or without the addition of radiotherapy is the treatment of choice for canine oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Fractionated radiotherapy alone is also effective in the long-term control of the disease, however coarse fractionated radiotherapy (CF-RT) for gingival SCC has not been extensively reported. The aim of this study was to describe side effects, clinical response, and median survival time (MST) of dogs with gingival SCC treated with CF-RT in the palliative and adjuvant setting. Twenty-one cases from two referral centres in the UK treated with CF-RT for gingival SCC between July 2013 and June 2019 were retrospectively evaluated. Of the 21 dogs, 11 developed mild acute adverse effects. Oral mucositis was the most common radiation induced toxicity. Three dogs developed chronic severe adverse effects (oro-nasal fistula, bone necrosis and gum recession). Overall clinical response rate was 77% in dogs receiving palliative treatment with MST of 365 days (60–1,095 days). MST was not reached for dogs treated in the adjuvant setting with a mean of 466 days (121–730 days). In cases of advanced gross disease CF-RT might have a role in short term palliation of clinical signs. However, it carries a significant risk of late toxicity for cases with unexpectedly long survival times and further investigations are required to identify an optimal CF-RT protocol. Randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm the role of CF-RT as adjuvant treatment of incompletely resected gingival SCC.  相似文献   

14.
Gemcitabine (2',2'-difluorodeoxycytidine) was given intravenously twice weekly to 10 cats with oral squamous cell carcinoma and 15 dogs with nasal carcinoma undergoing radiotherapy as a radiosensitizing agent. The average total radiation dose was 50 Gy for dogs and 54 Gy for cats given Monday-Friday (planned dose of 54 and 57 Gy, respectively). Dogs received an average of five doses of gemcitabine beginning at 50 mg/m2, and cats received an average of five doses of gemcitabine beginning at 25 mg/m2. Twelve of 15 dogs and five of 10 cats required chemotherapy dose reduction or postponement because of hematologic or normal tissue toxicity. The results herein do not support the use of gemcitabine at the studied dose and schedule, as significant hematologic and local tissue toxicity was observed in the studied patients. Pharmacokinetic data are necessary to best define the efficacy and optimal dose and schedule of gemcitabine in combination with traditional radiotherapy.  相似文献   

15.
Thirteen dogs with malignant tumors of the nasal cavity were treated with a combination of slow release cisplatin and megavoltage radiation. Radiation was delivered on a Monday through Friday schedule using a 6 MV linear accelerator. The median total dose was 49.5 Gy (range 49.5-56 Gy). Cisplatin was given using an open-cell polylactic acid polymer, impregnated with the drug and implanted intramus-cularly at a distant site, as a slow release delivery system (OPLAn-Pt [THM Biomedical, Inc]). The median dose used was 60 mg/m2 (range 60–100 mg/m2). When combined with radiation, this delivery system caused no systemic drug toxicity, and a local tissue reaction was seen in only two dogs. Acute side effects to normal tissue from radiation were not enhanced, as measured by subjective assessment. When compared to a group of historical controls that received radiation without OPLA-Pt, the dogs that received combined radiation and cisplatin had longer overall survival times, with a median of 580 days. The control group had a median survival of 325 days. Previously reported median survival times for comparable megavoltage radiation treatment range from 6 to 13 months. Some dogs in both groups also received adjubant chemotherapy but this did not influence survival time. By multivariate analysis, only the use of OPLA-Pt was found to significantly influence survival, with a p value of p = 0.023. Mega-voltage radiation and slow release cisplatin appears to be a well tolerated combination that may favorably affect survival of dogs with nasal tumors.  相似文献   

16.
Sixteen cases of primary neoplasms of the nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses and nasopharynx in the dog were reviewed from the files of the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP). The mean age of affected dogs was 9.5 years. The presenting clinical signs were epistaxis, nasal discharge or facial swelling. Eleven of the affected dogs were purebred. Three of these were Collies and two German Shepherds. The nasal cavity was involved most often. All neoplasms were malignant (11 carcinomas and five sarcomas), and there was invasion of the adjacent bony structures in most dogs. Tumors were classified according to prominent cell type and degree of differentiation into respiratory epithelial carcinoma (four), adenocarcinoma (one), squamous cell carcinoma (one), mucoepidermoid carcinoma (two), undifferentiated carcinoma (three), chondrosarcoma (three) and undifferentiated sarcoma (two).  相似文献   

17.
Tumor and normal tissue response was assessed in 21 dogs with malignant nasal tumors given 42 Gy cobalt radiation in 9 or 10 fractions over 11 to 13 days. Local tumor/clinical relapse recurred in 68% of dogs, with a median relapse free interval (RFI) of 270 days. Median survival was 428 days. One year survival for all dogs was 60%. RFI and survival times are better than, or similar to, previous reports of dogs treated with radiotherapy only. Acute radiation effects were severe in one dog. Late effects were severe in six of 15 dogs (40%) with durable tumor control. Late effects included bilateral blindness (3), osteoradionecrosis (3), and seizures (1). These six dogs had a median survival of 705 days. Loss of vision occurred in at least one eye in nine dogs (47%). Tumor staging based on CT findings were predictive for survival duration. Tumor histology was not predictive of outcome. Labrador Retrievers were significantly over-represented. Despite comparable or improved tumor control and survival times provided by this accelerated protocol, relative to other radiotherapy reports, local failure remains the major cause of death, and late radiation effects can be severe in dogs with durable tumor control.  相似文献   

18.
A retrospective study was undertaken on 56 dogs treated for nasal tumours by megavoltage radiotherapy with a hypofractionated schedule consisting of four doses of 9 Gy given at intervals of seven days. The dogs were followed until they died or were euthanased. The clinical signs had improved in 53 of the 56 dogs by the end of the treatment schedule. Mild acute radiation side effects were observed in the majority of the dogs but late radiation side effects were rare. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed a median survival time after the final dose of radiation of 212 days. The one- and two-year survival rates were 45 per cent and 15 per cent. Fifty of the dogs were euthanased because the initial clinical signs recurred.  相似文献   

19.
A retrospective analysis of survival times in dogs with intranasal tumors was performed comparing those treated using hypofractionated or full course Co-60 radiotherapy protocols alone or with surgical adjuvant therapy and those receiving no radiation treatment. One hundred thirty-nine dogs presented to the University of Minnesota Veterinary Medical Center for treatment of histologically-confirmed nasal neoplasia between July 1983 and October 2001 met the criteria for review. Statistically analyzed parameters included age at diagnosis, tumor histologic classification, fractionation schedule (number of treatments, and number of treatment days/week) (classified as hypofractionated if 2 or less treatments/week); calculated minimum tumor dose/fraction; calculated total minimum tumor dose (classified as hypofractionated if less than 37 Gy in six or fewer fractions); number of radiotherapy portals, a treatment gap of more than 7 days in a full course (3-5 treatments/week, 3-3.5 week treatment time) radiotherapy protocol, the influence of eye shields on survival following single portal DV fields, the survey radiographic extent of the disease, and the presence or absence of cytoreductive surgery. There was a significant relationship only between protocols using 3 or more treatments/week and at least 37 Gy cumulative minimum tumor dose and survival. However, there was no significant relationship between either total minimum tumor dose or dose/fraction and survival and there were no significant relationships between survival and any of the other variables analyzed including tumor histologic type.  相似文献   

20.
Six cats with an advanced stage squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the nasal planum were treated with a combination of superficial radiotherapy and intralesional carboplatin therapy. This multimodality protocol was well tolerated by the majority of cats and resulted in complete responses in all cats (100%). Median follow‐up for all cats is 268 days, and the median time‐to‐recurrence, time‐to‐progression and overall survival have not yet been reached. Our study, although limited in number of animals and with a relatively short median follow‐up compared to other studies for this disease, suggests that a combination of radiotherapy and intralesional carboplatin is a useful treatment option for an advanced stage SCC of the nasal planum in cats and warrants further application of the multimodality approach presented here.  相似文献   

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