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1.
豆薯细菌性角斑病的病原鉴定 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
在安徽滁州的豆薯叶片上发现一种由细菌侵染引起角斑症状的病害,从角斑上分离到具有致病性的非荧光的杆状细菌,菌株的表型特征、细菌学特征、LOPAT试验和生理生化试验表明该细菌与丁香假单胞菌(Pseudomonas syringae van Hall)相似,BIOLOG系统鉴定结果与丁香假单胞菌豌豆致病变种(P.syringae pv.pisi)相近,接种试验表明豆薯菌株能侵染大豆、菜豆和眉豆,但对豌豆的致病性差;在豇豆、绿豆和蚕豆上不表现症状。结果表明豆薯细菌性角斑病是一种新病害,病原菌属于丁香假单胞菌群的一个新的致病变种,命名为P.syringae pv.pachyrhizus nov. 相似文献
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《植物检疫》2019,(1)
为明确云南省发生的猕猴桃溃疡病种类,通过田间发病症状、菌落形态、致病性测定、Biolog分析,16S rDNA序列分析比较,对疑似猕猴桃溃疡病病原菌进行鉴定。结果表明:病原菌接种可引起烟草过敏反应,同时在猕猴桃叶片表面形成带有黄色叶晕的不规则褐色斑点,将菌株测序序列与现有的丁香假单胞菌菌株的16S rDNA序列构建进化树,结果显示病原菌与丁香假单胞猕猴桃致病变种聚在同一分支上。以上表明云南省猕猴桃溃疡病病原菌为丁香假单胞猕猴桃致病变种(Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae)。这是云南省首次报道由Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae引起的猕猴桃细菌性溃疡病。 相似文献
3.
自2003年以来, 在我国北京?辽宁和山东等地的黄瓜上发现了一种重要细菌病害—黄瓜细菌性茎枯萎病, 对黄瓜生产造成了严重危害?从发病的黄瓜叶片?茎部和果实上分离的菌株接种到黄瓜后, 症状与自然发病症状完全一致?经过多位点序列分型和BOX-PCR技术, 以及LOPAT?GATTa和Ayers碳源利用试验等, 确定该病害的病原菌为丁香假单胞流泪致病变种 Pseudomonas syringae pv. lachrymans?以黄瓜细菌性茎枯萎病菌A2为供试菌株, 黄瓜细菌性角斑病菌丁香假单胞菌流泪致病变种 P.syringae pv. lachrymans pslb8为对照菌株, 对其进行不同温度下致病力?体内和体外生长能力测定, 结果表明:20℃条件下, A2菌株的致病力?体内和体外生长能力均强于pslb8菌株, 相对低温的条件更有利于黄瓜细菌性茎枯萎病病原菌的侵染和病害的发生? 相似文献
4.
中国猕猴桃细菌性花腐病菌的鉴定 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
从福建、湖南和湖北猕猴桃病花上分离到能引起花腐病的32个细菌菌株,经细菌学和BiologGN测试板测定,可以看出中国的猕猴桃细菌性花腐病菌与新西兰的猕猴桃花腐病菌、丁香假单胞菌丁香致病变种Pseudomonas syringae pv.syringae和绿黄假单胞菌P.viridiflava相似,与萨氏假单胞菌P.savastanoi和猕猴桃溃疡病菌P.syringae pv.actinidiae有更多的不同,但是DNA/DNA同源性测定结果却显示出中国的菌株可分为2个类型:第1个类型与新西兰猕猴桃花腐病菌和萨氏假单胞菌有很高的同源性,第2类型与绿黄假单胞菌有很高的同源性,说明中国菌株分别属于这2个种。第1类型来自于福建和湖北,第2类型来自于湖南。 相似文献
5.
应用PCR方法快速检测黄瓜细菌性角斑病菌 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
黄瓜细菌性角斑病是黄瓜上的一种重要细菌病害,其病原为丁香假单胞菌黄瓜致病变种(Pseudomonas syringae pv.lachrymans),目前未见到该病害特异性PCR检测方法的报道。通过分析丁香假单胞菌(P.syringae)不同致病变种glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 1(gap1)基因序列设计得到一对Psl特异性PCR引物。利用该引物对丁香假单胞菌不同致病变种、假单胞菌属其他种及其他属的共46株菌株进行了PCR扩增,结果表明,所有不同来源的12株黄瓜细菌性角斑病菌均得到179bp的目标片段,而所有其他参试菌株均无扩增条带,PCR检测的灵敏度为7.5×103cfu/mL。利用该方法可从接种后发病的黄瓜叶片总DNA中检测到特异条带,而健康叶片无条带。该引物的PCR检测方法可直接用于植株总DNA的检测,无需进行病原菌的分离培养,快速简便,适用于进出境检验检疫及种苗健康检测等。 相似文献
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8.
在黑龙江省烟田中,发现有较多细菌性病害。对其中在烟草叶片上引起退绿晕圈症状的病原细菌从形态学、培养性状、生理生化反应、抗菌素反应、抗血清反应及寄主范围等几个方面进行了鉴定,确认该菌为烟草假单胞杆菌[Pseudomonas syringae pv.tabaci (Wolf&Foster 1917) Young,Dye Wilkie 1978]。 相似文献
9.
浙江西兰花花球头腐病的病原鉴定 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为明确近年来浙江省宁波市部分地区发生的西兰花花球头腐病的病原,通过田间症状观察、致病性测定、Biolog和脂肪酸(fatty acid methyl ester,FAME)分析将分离到的病原菌鉴定为荧光假单胞菌Pseudomonas fluorescens.利用16S rDNA和核糖体DNA内转录间隔区(internal transcribed spacer,ITS)序列构建的系统发育树也都显示分离的西兰花菌株与假单胞菌聚合成群,其中与荧光假单胞菌的亲缘关系最近,序列同源性分别为99%和98%.表明浙江省西兰花花球上发生的细菌性头腐病由荧光假单胞菌引起. 相似文献
10.
边缘假单胞菌的分离鉴定及其特性 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
边缘假单胞菌Pseudomonas marginalis是假单胞菌科假单胞菌属植物病原细菌,能引发百合软腐病、草莓花疫病、番茄细菌性髓部坏死病、马蹄莲块茎软腐病等,还可引发洋葱、莴苣、中国白菜、大蒜、姜、花椰菜、水稻等软腐病。边缘假单胞菌具有如此广泛的宿主致病性取决于其生理特点,尤其是在0 ℃生长良好、5 ℃能大量繁殖等特点。2007年在我国甘肃发现由边缘假单胞菌边缘致病变种引发的马铃薯腐烂病,而有关边缘假单胞菌分离鉴定和特性的研究则鲜有报道。本试验从苗木中分离得到边缘假单胞菌,对其形态特征、生理生化特性和致病性进行研究,并通过16S rRNA序列分析进一步验证其分类地位。 相似文献
11.
Since 2002, severe leaf spotting on parsley (Petroselinum crispum) has occurred in Monterey County, CA. Either of two different pathovars of Pseudomonas syringae sensu lato were isolated from diseased leaves from eight distinct outbreaks and once from the same outbreak. Fragment analysis of DNA amplified between repetitive sequence polymerase chain reaction; 16S rDNA sequence analysis; and biochemical, physiological, and host range tests identified the pathogens as Pseudomonas syringae pv. apii and P. syringae pv. coriandricola. Koch's postulates were completed for the isolates from parsley, and host range tests with parsley isolates and pathotype strains demonstrated that P. syringae pv. apii and P. syringae pv. coriandricola cause leaf spot diseases on parsley, celery, and coriander or cilantro. In a multilocus sequence typing (MLST) approach, four housekeeping gene fragments were sequenced from 10 strains isolated from parsley and 56 pathotype strains of P. syringae. Allele sequences were uploaded to the Plant-Associated Microbes Database and a phylogenetic tree was built based on concatenated sequences. Tree topology directly corresponded to P. syringae genomospecies and P. syringae pv. apii was allocated appropriately to genomospecies 3. This is the first demonstration that MLST can accurately allocate new pathogens directly to P. syringae sensu lato genomospecies. According to MLST, P. syringae pv. coriandricola is a member of genomospecies 9, P. cannabina. In a blind test, both P. syringae pv. coriandricola and P. syringae pv. apii isolates from parsley were correctly identified to pathovar. In both cases, MLST described diversity within each pathovar that was previously unknown. 相似文献
12.
Cazorla FM Torés JA Olalla L Pérez-García A Farré JM de Vicente A 《Phytopathology》1998,88(7):614-620
ABSTRACT A necrotic bacterial disease of mango trees (Mangifera indica) in Spain affecting buds, leaves, and stems is described for the first time. Necrosis of flower and vegetative buds on commercial trees during winter dormancy was the most destructive symptom of the disease. The apical necrosis is caused by Pseudomonas syringae, which was always isolated from mango trees with disease symptoms. Of 95 bacterial strains isolated from symptomatic tissues and characterized from 1992 to 1997, over 90% were identified as P. syringae pv. syringae. Additional strains were isolated from healthy mango trees, and they were identical to the isolates from diseased tissues. Pathogenicity tests on mango plants showed that P. syringae pv. syringae incited the apical necrosis, but that climatic conditions determined the onset of disease development. Populations of total bacteria and of P. syringae and the number of active ice nuclei were monitored over a 3-year period. The largest populations of P. syringae were associated with cool, wet periods that coincided with the highest disease severity, whereas P. syringae was only occasionally detected on healthy trees. The median effective dose was estimated from infectivity titration assays. 相似文献
13.
Phenotypic variability of the pea blight bacterium, Pseudomonas syringae pv. pisi, was studied on a large collection of strains isolated in France, as well as those obtained from foreign collections. Some other pseudomonads encountered on peas, particularly P.s. pv. syringae, were included in the study to evaluate differential tests for identification purposes. All the isolates that induced watersoaking on the pea cultivar Kelvedon Wonder after inoculation were considered to be P.s. pv. pisi. The other pseudomonads gave either no reaction or a hypersensitive reaction. When they corresponded to P. syringae according to the LOPAT test, they were referred to as P.s. pv. syringae.
P.s. pv. pisi did not show a single uniform phenotype. The variation of the different tests was estimated (fluorescence+ 93%; esculin-86%; dl-lactate-85%; homoserine + 75%; INA + 97%). Three O-sero-groups contained P.s. pv. pisi strains: APT-PIS (88.5%), HEL2 (11.4%) and RIB (0.1%). When the main criteria were combined, eight profiles were encountered within P.s. pv. pisi. This diversity was not linked to race structure or geographical origin of the strains. Profile PI was the most frequent (72.8%), and it was specific to the pathovar pisi . The strains belonging to the other profiles could be confused with some P.s. pv. syringae strains because of the serological heterogeneity of that pathovar. For instance, the pv. pisi strains belonging to profiles P2 and P4 resembled some of the P.s. pv. syringae found on peas and required pathogenicity tests on pea for their identification. The confusing pea isolates represented 12.8% of the total 4740 strains studied. 相似文献
P.s. pv. pisi did not show a single uniform phenotype. The variation of the different tests was estimated (fluorescence+ 93%; esculin-86%; dl-lactate-85%; homoserine + 75%; INA + 97%). Three O-sero-groups contained P.s. pv. pisi strains: APT-PIS (88.5%), HEL2 (11.4%) and RIB (0.1%). When the main criteria were combined, eight profiles were encountered within P.s. pv. pisi. This diversity was not linked to race structure or geographical origin of the strains. Profile PI was the most frequent (72.8%), and it was specific to the pathovar pisi . The strains belonging to the other profiles could be confused with some P.s. pv. syringae strains because of the serological heterogeneity of that pathovar. For instance, the pv. pisi strains belonging to profiles P2 and P4 resembled some of the P.s. pv. syringae found on peas and required pathogenicity tests on pea for their identification. The confusing pea isolates represented 12.8% of the total 4740 strains studied. 相似文献
14.
P. G. PSALLIDAS 《Plant pathology》1993,42(3):358-363
The results of an extensive study of 170 morphological, physiological, biochemical, serological and pathological characters of 18 representative isolates from the filbert canker pathogen are presented. These indicate that the bacterium responsible for the disease of filberts ( Corylus avellana ) in Greece is properly characterized as a typical member of the species Pseudomonas syringae. It is placed in group Ia according to the LOPAT tests. The differences in some characters between Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae and the filbert Pseudomonas , as well as its host specificity, justify its classification as a new pathovar of Pseudomonas syringae and the name of Pseudomonas syringae pv. avellanae pv.nov. is proposed for the bacterium causing the disease 'bacterial canker' of Corylus avellana. 相似文献
15.
H. Olczak-Woltman A. Masny G. Bartoszewski A. P&#;ucienniczak K. Niemirowicz-Szczytt 《Plant pathology》2007,56(3):373-382
Several strains of Pseudomonas syringae pathovar (pv.) lachrymans and related bacterial pathogens were isolated from cucumber ( Cucumis sativus ) leaves collected in central and southern Poland in 2001 and 2002. Twenty five original strains, together with five reference strains of P. syringae pv. lachrymans , pv. syringae and pv. tomato , were genetically characterized by PCR-RFLP (polymerase chain reaction − restriction fragment length polymorphism), ADSRRS (amplification of DNA fragments surrounding rare restriction sites), and PCR-MP (PCR − melting profiles) fingerprinting techniques. Genetic similarity analyses of the PCR-RFLP and ADSRRS fingerprints showed that strains of P. syringae pv. lachrymans form distinct clusters. The results also indicated that the ADSRRS and the PCR-MP fingerprinting techniques may serve as more efficient tools for evaluating genetic similarity among pathovars and strains of P. syringae than PCR-RFLP. The 25 strains showed diverse pathogenicity to cucumber seedlings and biochemical tests were varied. The syrB gene was identified in four cucumber strains, characterized as P. syringae pv. syringae . 相似文献
16.
Scortichini M Rossi MP Loreti S Bosco A Fiori M Jackson RW Stead DE Aspin A Marchesi U Zini M Janse JD 《Phytopathology》2005,95(11):1316-1324
ABSTRACT Thirty-eight bacterial strains isolated from hazelnut (Corylus avellana) cv. Tonda Gentile delle Langhe showing a twig dieback in Piedmont and Sardinia, Italy, were studied by a polyphasic approach. All strains were assessed by fatty acids analysis and repetitive sequence-based polymerase chain reaction (PCR) fingerprinting using BOX and ERIC primer sets. Representative strains also were assessed by sequencing the 16S rDNA and hrpL genes, determining the presence of the syrB gene, testing their biochemical and nutritional characteristics, and determining their pathogenicity to hazelnut and other plants species or plant organs. Moreover, they were compared with reference strains of other phytopathogenic pseudomonads. The strains from hazelnut belong to Pseudomonas syringae (sensu latu), LOPAT group Ia. Both fatty acids and repetitive-sequence-based PCR clearly discriminate such strains from other Pseudomonas spp., including P. avellanae and other P. syringae pathovars as well as P. syringae pv. syringae strains from hazelnut. Also, the sequencing of 16S rDNA and hrpL genes differentiated them from P. avellanae and from P. syringae pv. syringae. They did not possess the syrB gene. Some nutritional tests also differentiated them from related P. syringae pathovars. Upon artificial inoculation, these strains incited severe twig diebacks only on hazelnut. Our results justify the creation of a new pathovar because the strains from hazelnut constitute a homogeneous group and a discrete phenon. The name of P. syringae pv. coryli is proposed and criteria for routine identification are presented. 相似文献
17.
ABSTRACT Forty bacterial strains isolated from leek blight (Allium porrum) in France and other countries were studied by conventional biochemical methods, serological reactions, numerical taxonomy, DNA-DNA hybridization, and ice nucleation activity, as well as by pathogenicity on leek and other host plants. They were compared with reference strains of Pseudomonas, mainly pathotype strains of P. syringae pathovars and strains of P. syringae pv. syringae isolated from various host plants including onions. Leek strains sorted with P. syringae species (sensu lato) by LOPAT tests (production of levan-sucrase, oxidase, pectinase, arginine dihydrolase, and hypersensitive reaction on tobacco). Leek strains were pathogenic to leek and produced symptoms identical to those observed in the field. They were the only strains in our study that could cause blight of leek. Thus, our results justify the creation of a new pathovar. Leek strains constituted a highly homogeneous DNA group and a discrete phenon by numerical taxonomy, and they belonged to O-serogroup POR. The name of P. syringae pv. porri is proposed for the bacterium causing leek blight. Criteria for routine identification are presented and taxonomic status is discussed. 相似文献
18.
A study on the pathogenicity of 81 strains of Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae (PSS) isolated from 16 different hosts was conducted on lilac plants, bean pods and pear seedlings, using artificial inoculation.
Only 55 among the 81 strains induced a necrotic lesion when inoculated on lilac leaves. On bean pods, all but one of the bean isolates, and only eight strains among the 52 strains isolated from other hosts, induced typical green water-soaked lesions. On pear leaves, only pear isolates incited a typical progressive necrotic reaction, the isolates from other origins inducing no symptoms or a weak reaction limited to the inoculation point. This study indicates that in addition to the large variability observed in aggressiveness of PSS strains, host specificity occurred on bean and pear. 相似文献
Only 55 among the 81 strains induced a necrotic lesion when inoculated on lilac leaves. On bean pods, all but one of the bean isolates, and only eight strains among the 52 strains isolated from other hosts, induced typical green water-soaked lesions. On pear leaves, only pear isolates incited a typical progressive necrotic reaction, the isolates from other origins inducing no symptoms or a weak reaction limited to the inoculation point. This study indicates that in addition to the large variability observed in aggressiveness of PSS strains, host specificity occurred on bean and pear. 相似文献
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ABSTRACT Strains of Pseudomonas syringae (78 strains and 43 pathovars) and other strains (79) of plant and insect origin were examined for the presence of the ethylene-forming enzyme gene (efe) by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay. The sequence of the efe gene of P. syringae pv. phaseolicola PK2 was used to design two primer sets for amplification of the gene. In addition to P.syringae pv. phaseolicola (the "kudzu strain") and P.syringae pv. glycinea, which were efficient ethylene producers, several strains of P.syringae pvs. sesami and cannabina generated PCR products of the predicted size. A DNA probe of the efe gene, isolated from strain PK2, hybridized to these PCR products, indicating homology to the P.syringae pv. phaseolicola efe gene. PCR restriction fragment length polymorphism analyses suggested that these four pathovars harbor a similar efe gene. Furthermore, the probe hybridized to an indigenous plasmid of P.syringae pv. cannabina, suggesting that the efe gene could be located on a plasmid in this pathovar, but did not hybridize to plas-mids of P.syringae pv. sesami strains. P.syringae pvs. sesami and cannabina strains produced ethylene in King's medium B at levels similar to those of P.syringae pvs. phaseolicola and glycinea. Thus, two new ethylene-producing bacteria were detected by the PCR assay. 相似文献