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1.
Medical-records of 22 large-breed dogs (>15 kg) with osteosarcoma (OSA) of the axial skeleton were reviewed to determine prevalence of metastasis and survival associated with this neoplasm. All dogs were treated with more than 1 mode of therapy including palliative radiation (n = 12), definitive radiation (n = 8), surgery (n = 7), chemotherapy (n = 12), or some combination of these therapies. Metastasis was documented in 10 of 22 dogs (46%), and the median survival for all dogs was 137 days. Primary cause of death was local tumor recurrence (54%). Breed (retriever versus purebred versus mixed-breed survival was 100, 182, and 264 days, respectively) and radiation therapy protocol (survival in dogs treated with palliative radiation therapy versus those treated with definitive radiation therapy was 79 and 265 days, respectively) were significantly related to survival (P < .05). Prevalence of metastasis and median survival for large-breed dogs with axial skeleton OSA seems to be similar to that reported for large-breed dogs with appendicular skeleton OSA. Definitive radiation therapy may have a role in the treatment of axial skeleton osteosarcoma.  相似文献   

2.
Thirty‐seven cases of histiocytic‐like sarcomas (HLSs) in flat‐coated retriever dogs were evaluated retrospectively. This tumour accounted for 36% of the malignant tumours seen in this breed during the study period. The median age at presentation was 8.2 years. Thirty‐four dogs presented with a swelling or mass in a muscle group or surrounding a joint. The remaining three presented for rib (1), cutaneous (1) or primary splenic origin (1). A high rate of metastasis to local lymph nodes (45%), thorax (20%) and abdominal organs (20% confirmed) was seen. Overall metastastic rate by the time of death was 70%. The median survival for all dogs was 123 days. The most significant prognostic indicator was presence of distant metastasis at the time of diagnosis with median survival of 68 or 200 days, with or without metastasis, respectively. Chemotherapy and radiation therapy significantly improved survival. Dogs given chemotherapy survived a median of 185 versus 34 days for dogs that were not (P = 0.0008). Dogs treated with radiation survived a median of 182 versus 60 days for those that were not (P = 0.0282). Dogs receiving only palliative therapy survived a median of 17 versus 167 days in dogs receiving any kind of radiation, chemotherapy, surgery or combinations. A set protocol of radiation and CCNU (RTCCNU) induced minimal toxicity and provided a median survival of 208 versus 68 days for all other dogs. While this tumour carries a poor long‐term prognosis in flat‐coated retrievers, it is reasonable to treat these dogs for palliation of signs and extension of life.  相似文献   

3.
BACKGROUND: Treatment outcome after surgery alone is unsatisfactory in dogs with invasive malignant mammary gland tumors. HYPOTHESIS: Adjuvant doxorubicin or docetaxel will improve the treatment outcome in dogs with high-risk malignant mammary gland tumors, and the use of docetaxel will be feasible in affected dogs. ANIMALS: Thirty-one dogs with malignant mammary gland tumors of histologic stages II and III (vascular or lymphatic invasion, regional lymph node metastasis, or distant metastasis) were used. METHODS: A prospective clinical trial in which dogs were treated with surgery alone (n = 19) or also received adjuvant chemotherapy (n = 12) with doxorubicin or docetaxel was conducted. Docetaxel was given as an IV infusion at a dose of 30 mg/m2 preceded by dexamethasone and diphenhydramine administration. RESULTS: The recurrence-free interval ranged from 13 to 2,585 days (median not reached); the median metastasis-free interval and overall survival were 294 days and 370 days, respectively. Dogs treated with chemotherapy had a tendency toward higher long-term local control and survival rates, but there was no significant difference in the recurrence-free interval (P = .17), time to metastasis (P = .71), and overall survival (P = .12). Factors found to influence the time to metastasis and overall survival included lymph node metastasis (P = .009) and tumor fixation to underlying structures (P = .043, time to metastasis), as well as age (P = .018) and histologic stage (P < .001, survival). Mild allergic skin reactions were the most frequently observed complications of docetaxel treatment. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: Chemotherapy did not lead to an improved outcome in this population. Docetaxel treatment was well tolerated. Additional investigations of adjuvant chemotherapy in dogs with high-risk mammary cancer are warranted.  相似文献   

4.
Vertebral osteosarcoma (OSA) is the most common primary vertebral tumor in dogs, however studies examining the survival time after surgical decompression of these tumors are limited. There is also limited information regarding the benefit of adjunctive treatments such as radiation therapy or chemotherapy in these patients. The goal of this study was to determine survival time of dogs with primary vertebral OSA after palliative decompressive surgery alone and combined with radiation therapy and/or chemotherapy. Records from 22 client‐owned dogs diagnosed with primary vertebral OSA and treated with decompressive surgery were collected retrospectively from eight referral institutions. Survival time was assessed for dogs treated with surgery alone as well as dogs who received adjunctive radiation therapy and/or chemotherapy. Median survival time in the 12 dogs treated with surgery alone was 42 days (range: 3‐1333 days). The three dogs treated with surgery and chemotherapy had a median survival time of 82 days (range: 56‐305 days). Only one dog was treated with surgery and radiation therapy; this dog survived 101 days. Six dogs were treated with surgery, radiation therapy and chemotherapy; these dogs had a median survival time of 261 days (range: 223‐653 days). Cause of death in all cases that survived the initial postoperative period was euthanasia secondary to confirmed or suspected tumor regrowth. The results of this study suggest that definitive radiation therapy, possibly combined with concurrent chemotherapy, significantly improves survival in dogs treated with palliative decompressive surgery for vertebral OSA and should be the treatment of choice in selected cases.  相似文献   

5.
Analysis of Survival in a Retrospective Study of 86 Dogs with Brain Tumors   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  
A retrospective study of 86 dogs with brain tumors was undertaken. Sixty-nine dogs had histologic confirmation of tumor type, whereas the remaining 17 dogs had CT evidence of a brain tumor. All dogs had neurologic abnormalities. Seven dogs received no treatment, 38 dogs received only symptomatic treatment, and 41 dogs received some form of definitive treatment, in addition to medical management. Types of definitive treatment included surgery, cobalt-60 radiation, whole-body hyperthermia, 125I implants, and chemotherapy, alone or in combination. The factor that was most associated with survival duration was mode of therapy. Those dogs who were treated with cobalt-60 radiation, with or without other combinations of therapy, lived significantly longer than dogs who received surgery (+/- 125I implants), or dogs who received symptomatic treatment (P = 0.01 and P less than 0.001, respectively). After statistic adjustment for treatment, multiplicity of brain involvement (solitary vs. multiple) provided prognostic information with respect to survival (P = 0.001), with dogs who had a solitary site of involvement having a better prognosis. After further adjustment, initial neurologic dysfunction (mild/moderate vs. severe) showed significance as prognostic variable (P = 0.005). Both the mild and moderate groups had a more favorable prognosis compared with dogs who had severe initial neurologic impairment. The median survival time for the 86 dogs was 1.0 month (range: 1 day-42.4 mo). Median survival times of dogs receiving: 1) no therapy or only symptomatic therapy, 2) surgery (+/- 125I), or 3) cobalt-60 radiation (+/- hyperthermia, +/- surgery) were 0.2, 0.9, and 4.9 months, respectively.  相似文献   

6.
This retrospective study in 39 dogs with incompletely resected oral melanoma examined the efficacy of hypofractionated radiation therapy and platinum-containing chemotherapy. All dogs were completely staged, with the majority of dogs classified as stage 1. Dogs received 6 weekly fractions of 6-gray (Gy) megavoltage irradiation with a cobalt-60 unit or a 4-MeV (megaelectron volts) linear accelerator. Dogs received cisplatin (10-30 mg/m2 IV) or carboplatin (90 mg/m2 IV) chemotherapy 60 minutes before radiation delivery. Durations of local control, metastasis-free survival time, and overall survival time were recorded. By the Kaplan-Meier method, 15% of the dogs had local recurrence within a median time of 139 days. Fifty-one percent of the dogs developed metastatic disease within a median time of 311 days (range, 24-2, 163 days). Median survival time for all 39 dogs was 363 days. The combined use of chemotherapy and radiation therapy in this protocol provided local control consistent with previous studies. Low-dose chemotherapy was used with the intent of enhancing radiation therapy for the local control of an incompletely excised tumor. Survival times were longer than previously reported for dogs with oral malignant melanoma. Additional studies are required to determine whether these results were due to the effects of chemotherapy on microscopic disease or the enhanced local control provided by chemoradiation therapy.  相似文献   

7.
Twenty dogs with histopathologically confirmed primary (n=15) or metastatic (n=5) osteosarcoma (n=14) or fibrosarcoma (n=6) of the vertebral column were treated with surgery (n=4), radiation therapy and chemotherapy (n=6), surgery and chemotherapy (n=2), or surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy (n=8). All dogs died due to their disease; 15 died due to local failure, and five died due to nonvertebral metastasis. Overall median survival time was 135 days, with a range of 15 to 600 days. Of the factors evaluated, only postoperative neurological status had a significant influence on outcome by multivariate analysis. This study supports the overall guarded prognosis for dogs with vertebral neoplasia. Better combinations of surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy remain to be defined for this difficult subset of animal cancer.  相似文献   

8.
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the presence of anemia (Hct < or = 37%) at the time of diagnosis of lymphoma is a negative prognostic indicator for response to treatment and survival time in dogs that are undergoing chemotherapy. DESIGN: Retrospective case series. Animals-96 dogs with lymphoma that were receiving chemotherapy. Procedures-Information regarding signalment, initial hematologic data, chemotherapy protocol, clinical response, and date of death was retrospectively collected from medical records of dogs with lymphoma. Univariate, multivariate, and survival analyses were performed to determine the effect of anemia on initial response to chemotherapy and on survival time. RESULTS: Overall, dogs without anemia (n = 56) were 4 times as likely as dogs with anemia (40) to have a complete response following chemotherapy. Anemic dogs had a significantly shorter median survival time (139 days), compared with survival time of nonanemic dogs (315 days). Subset analysis of dogs with multicentric lymphoma (matched for clinical stage and chemotherapy protocol) revealed that the dogs with anemia (n = 24) had a significantly shorter median survival time (101 days), compared with survival time of dogs without anemia (24; 284 days). Other variables were not associated with survival time. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: These findings suggested that anemia is a negative prognostic factor for dogs with lymphoma that are undergoing chemotherapy. Further investigation will be necessary to determine the impact of resolution of anemia on clinical outcome in dogs with lymphoma.  相似文献   

9.
Few veterinary studies have evaluated the response to chemotherapy treatment of canine intranasal tumours, while many have focused on the efficacy of radiation therapy. Given the higher costs and limited access to radiation therapy, alternative treatment options are needed. The study describes a cohort of dogs with histologically confirmed intranasal tumours treated with chemotherapy as a sole therapy. This retrospective study was conducted using data from the Melbourne Veterinary Specialist Centre (MVSC) database between 2004 and 2017. Dogs with a histologically confirmed intranasal tumour who received chemotherapy treatment were included. Signalment, presenting signs, tumour type, chemotherapy details, adverse events (AEs) and survival times were reviewed. Twenty‐nine dogs met the inclusion criteria. Overall median survival time for dogs in the study was 234 days (range 12‐1698 days). Median survival for dogs with adenocarcinoma or carcinoma (n = 12) was 280 days, transitional cell carcinoma (n = 6) 163 days, squamous cell carcinoma, anaplastic carcinoma or undifferentiated carcinoma (n = 7) 59 days and all sarcomas (n = 4) 448 days. Adverse events were reported following 28% of treatments and 69% of dogs experienced at least one AE. Twenty four per cent of all dogs experienced grade 3 or 4 toxicities. The chemotherapy protocol was generally well tolerated. The study suggests potential benefit in the use of chemotherapy for dogs with adenocarcinoma, carcinoma and sarcoma.  相似文献   

10.
Medical records and biopsy specimens were retrospectively reviewed from 25 dogs diagnosed with unresectable urinary bladder carcinoma and treated with chemotherapy. Our intention was to identify clinical, histologic, and immunohistochemical indicators of prognosis. Immunohistochemical stains for P-glycoprotein, glutathione-S-transferase pi, and factor VIII-related antigen were applied to archived tissue. There were more spayed female dogs than castrated male dogs (76% versus 24%). Transitional cell carcinoma was the most common tumor (88%, n = 22), followed by undifferentiated carcinoma (8%, n = 2) and squamous cell carcinoma (4%, n = 1). Overall median survival was 251 days. Histologic diagnosis and immunohistochemical characteristics did not correlate with prognosis. Spayed females survived significantly longer than castrated males (358 days versus 145 days, P = .042). Dogs that received either doxorubicin or mitoxantrone in addition to a platinum-based chemotherapeutic (either cisplatin or carboplatin) lived significantly longer than those that received only a platinum compound (358 days versus 132 days, P = .042).  相似文献   

11.
OBJECTIVE: To characterize the signalment, clinical signs, biological behavior, and response to treatment of carcinoma of the apocrine glands of the anal sac in dogs. DESIGN: Retrospective study. ANIMALS: 113 dogs with histologically confirmed carcinoma of the apocrine glands of the anal sac. PROCEDURE: Data on signalment, clinical signs, and staging were reviewed and analyzed along with treatment modality for potential association with survival time. RESULTS: Sex distribution was approximately equal (54% female, 46% male). One hundred four dogs underwent treatment consisting of surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or multimodal treatment. Median survival for treated dogs was 544 days (range, 0 to 1,873 days). Dogs treated with chemotherapy alone had significantly shorter survival (median, 212 days) than those receiving other treatments (median, 584 days). Dogs not treated with surgery had significantly shorter survival (median, 402 days) than those that underwent surgery as part of their treatment (median, 548 days). Dogs with tumors > or = 10 cm2 had significantly shorter survival (median, 292 days) than dogs with tumors < 10 cm2 (median, 584 days). Hypercalcemia was identified in 27% (n = 29) of dogs, and those dogs had significantly shorter survival (median, 256 days), compared with those that were normocalcemic (median, 584 days). Dogs with pulmonary metastasis had significantly shorter survival (median, 219 days) than dogs without evidence of pulmonary metastasis (median, 548 days). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Unlike most previous reports, this study revealed an approximately equal sex distribution, and results suggest a more favorable prognosis.  相似文献   

12.
OBJECTIVE-To assess survival time in dogs that underwent treatment for stage III osteosarcoma and evaluate factors affecting survival. DESIGN-Retrospective case series. ANIMALS-90 dogs with stage III osteosarcoma. PROCEDURES-Records in the osteosarcoma database at the Animal Cancer Center at Colorado State University from 1985 to 2004 were searched for dogs with metastatic disease at the time of evaluation. Dogs were included in the study if they had metastasis to any site and if treatment was initiated. A Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was performed, and the influences of age, sex, breed, primary tumor site, metastatic sites, and treatment on outcome were analyzed via log-rank analysis. RESULTS-Median survival time was 76 days, with a range of 0 to 1,583 days. No significant differences in survival times on the basis of age, sex, breed, or primary site were observed. Breeds and primary tumor sites were typical of those usually associated with osteosarcoma in dogs. Dogs treated palliatively with radiation therapy and chemotherapy had a significantly longer survival time (130 days) than dogs in all other treatment groups. Dogs treated with surgery alone had a significantly shorter survival time (3 days) than dogs treated with surgery and chemotherapy (78 days). Dogs with bone metastases had a longer survival time than dogs with soft tissue metastases. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE-Treatment of dogs with stage III osteosarcoma can result in various survival times. Dogs with metastasis to bone and dogs that were treated palliatively with radiation and chemotherapy had the longest survival times.  相似文献   

13.
Medical records for 20 dogs with histologically confirmed nonsplenic hemangiosarcomas treated with palliative radiation therapy were reviewed to evaluate factors influencing tumor response and survival time. The Kaplan-Meier median survival time of dogs that received palliative radiation therapy was 95 days (range 6 to 500 days). Subjective reduction in tumor size was seen in 14 dogs, with four complete responses. Tumor location was a significant univariate prognostic factor for survival, and dogs with retroperitoneal masses had longer survival times.  相似文献   

14.
Osteoradionecrosis and radiation-induced bone tumors are rare complications of radiation therapy. Little information regarding these complications is available in veterinary medicine. We characterized these complications and investigated risk factors in 119 dogs (122 sites) that received definitive orthovoltage radiation therapy to appendicular sites. Long-term survival was expected in all dogs. The complications of interest were osteoradionecrosis and secondary bone tumor, evaluated radiographically, histopathologically, or both. Complication rates were estimated using the Kaplan–Meier product-limit method, and Fisher's exact test or chi-square test was used to compare the complication rate. The median survival time was 1405 days, with median follow-up duration of 657 days. There were 10 radiation-induced bone tumors and five radiation-induced fractures, with two dogs developing both, for an overall complication rate of 11%. The latent period ranged from 1.2 to 6.4 years for osteoradionecrosis and from 2.6 to 8.7 years for radiation-induced bone tumor. Complications were significantly higher in the humerus ( P <0.0001), and in dogs younger than 7 years ( P =0.014). Similar assessment of complications in dogs irradiated with megavoltage photons or electrons are needed.  相似文献   

15.
A total of 147 dogs treated with a combination of chemotherapy procedure (vincristine, L-asparaginase, cyclophosphamide, and methotrexate) were evaluated for response to therapy and the influence of age, sex, clinical stage, and body weight to duration of response. Complete response was achieved in 113 dogs (77%), partial response in 26 dogs (17.7%), and no response in 8 dogs (5.4%). The median survival time for the dogs with complete and partial responses was 265 days. An analysis of factors associated with prognosis revealed that age, clinical stage, and body weight were not associated with response to therapy, whereas sex was. Females had a significantly prolonged remission and survival time (P = 0.0001).  相似文献   

16.
OBJECTIVE: To determine survival times in dogs with right atrial hemangiosarcoma treated by means of pericardectomy and tumor resection, with or without adjuvant chemotherapy, and identify complications associated with treatment. DESIGN: Retrospective study. ANIMALS: 23 dogs. PROCEDURE: Dogs were included only if the diagnosis was confirmed histologically. RESULTS: The most common initial complaints included acute collapse (8 [35%] dogs), anorexia or inappetence (8 [35%]), and lethargy (8 [35%]). The most common physical examination abnormalities included muffled heart sounds (12 [52%] dogs), tachycardia (7 [30%]), and weak pulses (7 [30%]). Postoperative complications developed in 12 (52%) dogs; however, most complications were minor. Twenty (87%) dogs were discharged from the hospital. Survival time was significantly longer in the 8 dogs that received adjuvant chemotherapy (mean, 164 days; median, 175 days) than in the 15 dogs that did not receive chemotherapy (mean, 46 days; median, 42 days). Dogs that received chemotherapy were significantly younger and had significantly lower WBC counts than did dogs that did not receive chemotherapy. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results suggested that in dogs with right atrial hemangiosarcoma, surgical resection of the tumor was associated with a low complication rate and complications that did arise typically were minor. In addition, use of adjuvant chemotherapy following resection was associated with significantly longer survival times, compared with resection alone.  相似文献   

17.
OBJECTIVE: To examine the effect of adjuvant doxorubicin chemotherapy on outcome in dogs with high-grade (grade 3) soft tissue sarcomas (HGSTSs). DESIGN: Retrospective case series. ANIMALS: 39 dogs. PROCEDURES: Medical records of dogs with HGSTSs were reviewed. Dogs treated with surgery alone or receiving single-agent doxorubicin chemotherapy postoperatively were included in the study. Owners and referring veterinarians were contacted for follow-up information. Slides from histologic sections were reviewed to confirm the diagnosis of HGSTSs. Cases in which follow-up examination was not performed and radiation therapy or chemotherapy other than doxorubicin was administered were excluded. RESULTS: 39 dogs met inclusion criteria. Twenty-one dogs received adjuvant doxorubicin. Tumor-, patient-, and treatment-related variables were not significantly associated with measured outcomes including local, metastatic, and overall disease-free intervals as well as survival time. Overall median disease-free interval was 724 days with a median survival time of 856 days for all dogs. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Adjuvant doxorubicin-based chemotherapy did not benefit this population of dogs with HGSTSs. Outcome for visceral HGSTSs was similar to that of nonvisceral HGSTSs in these cases.  相似文献   

18.
Forty-one dogs with mast cell tumors (MCTs) were treated with oral prednisone and injectable vinblastine (VBL), both in the adjuvant setting (23 dogs) and in dogs with gross disease (18 dogs). Adverse effects were noted in 20% (8/41) of the patients, usually after the 1st dose of VBL. Adverse effects were considered mild in 6, and severe, necessitating treatment discontinuation, in 2 (5%). Overall response rate in the evaluable dogs with gross disease was 47% (7/15), consisting of 5 complete responses and 2 partial responses. Median response duration was 154 days (24 to >645 days). As adjuvant therapy to incomplete surgical resection, prednisone and VBL conferred a 57% 1- and 2-year disease-free rate. Median survival time (MST) for the entire patient population was not reached with a median follow-up of 573 days; however, the MST for dogs with grade III MCT was 331 days, with 45% of dogs alive at 1 and 2 years. This is an apparent improvement over historical survival data employing surgery alone. Upon univariate analysis, significant prognostic factors (P < .05) for survival included presence of a locally recurrent tumor, presence of gross disease, argyrophilic nucleolar organizer region frequency, lymph node status, histologic grade, previous chemotherapy, and ulceration of the tumor. Similar criteria were significant when analyzed for time to treatment failure. Response to therapy was also predictive of survival in the gross disease group. Upon multivariate analysis, histologic grade (P = .012) and presence of a locally recurrent tumor (P < .001) were significant factors for survival.  相似文献   

19.
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20.
Background: Chemotherapy for multicentric canine lymphoma has favorable results. The gastrointestinal (GI) tract is the most common extranodal site of canine lymphoma, but there have been no prospective studies to determine outcome when dogs with GI lymphoma are treated with chemotherapy.
Hypothesis: Treatment with a multiagent chemotherapy protocol is associated with a poor outcome in dogs with GI lymphoma.
Animals: Eighteen dogs with histologically confirmed GI lymphoma.
Methods: Prospective clinical trial in which dogs with GI lymphoma were treated with a 20-week combination chemotherapy protocol consisting of induction and consolidation phases.
Results: Thirteen dogs had primary GI lymphoma and 5 had multicentric lymphoma with GI involvement. The majority of the lymphomas (63%) were of T-cell origin. Overall remission rate was 56%; 9 dogs achieved a complete remission for a median of 86 days (range, 22–420 days) and 1 dog achieved a partial remission for 26 days. Overall median survival time was 77 days (range, 6–700 days). Dogs that failed to achieve a remission (10 versus 117 days; P = .002) or had diarrhea at initial presentation (70 versus 700 days; P < .001) had shorter survival times.
Conclusion and Clinical Importance: The response and survival of dogs with GI lymphoma treated with multiagent chemotherapy is poor but long-term survival is possible.  相似文献   

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