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1.
Aetiology of an ulcerative disease in goldfish Carassius auratus (L.): microbiological examination of diseased fish from seven locations 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Abstract. A comparative diagnostic study was conducted on goldfish, Carassius auratus (L.), with a cutaneous ulcerative disease from five locations in the United States and one each in England and Japan. Fish were examined for parasites, viruses and bacteria. Fish from all locations examine d were infested by ectoparasites; no single parasite species was common to all locations. No virus-associated cytopathology was observed in fathead minnow (FHM) or adult goldfish (CAR) monolayer cell cultures inoculated with homogenates of cutaneous lesions, kidneys and livers from diseased fish. The only bacterium cultured from fish from all locations was an atypical, often late-pigmenting strain of Aeromonas salmonicida . This organism was isolated from 64 of 83 (77%) of the total lesions cultured and was most prevalent in early lesions. A second commonly isolated organism was Aeromonas hydrophila , which was cultured from fish at four of the seven locations and from 28 (34%) of the total lesions cultured. A. hydrophila was most prevalent in terminal lesions. From these studies it was concluded that A. salmonicida was the probable cause of ulcers noted In the cases examined an d that A. hydrophila was a secondary invader. 相似文献
2.
细菌性疾病是中国海水养殖鲆鲽类的主要病害,为全面了解病原菌种类,本研究对1999~2012年从山东、江苏、河北、天津等沿海地区养殖场发病鲆鲽鱼类中分离得到的124株优势菌株进行了16S rRNA基因测序和系统发育学分析。将基因序列与GenBank核酸序列数据库进行相似度比对分析,结果显示,有83株与弧菌属(Vibriosp.)细菌相似度最高,11株与气单胞菌属(Aeromonas sp.)细菌相似度最高,4株与爱德华氏菌属(Edwardsiella sp.)细菌相似度最高,26株为其他15种属的细菌。根据系统发育学分析结果,进一步将66株菌鉴定为16个种,优势种为溶藻弧菌(V.alginolyticus)、哈氏弧菌(V.harveyi)、鳗弧菌(V.anguillarum)、杀鲑气单胞菌(A.salmonicida)和迟缓爱德华氏菌(E.tarda)。选择其中的9株鳗弧菌和4株迟缓爱德华氏菌进行人工感染实验,结果显示,其中7株鳗弧菌和3株迟缓爱德华氏菌对大菱鲆(Scophthalmus maximus)有较强的致病性。研究结果可为阐明中国海水养殖鲆鲽类的流行病发生历史、病原种类、病原监测及疾病控制提供重要参考。 相似文献
3.
E. J. NOGA 《Journal of fish diseases》1986,9(4):295-302
Abstract. Largemouth bass, Micropterus salmoides (Lacepede), were collected from May to October from the Chowan River, North Carolina and examined for the presence of skin lesions. Over 55% of all largemouth bass greater than 100 mm in length had skin lesions. The largest fish (≥400 mm) had the greatest number of lesions (= 3.4 lesions per fish). When examined by wet mounts, small early lesions frequently (31% of all lesions) had the microscopic recently metamorphosed adult female stage of Lernaea cruciata . Older macroscopically visible adult females were only rarely seen (2% of all lesions). Examinations of wet mounts revealed no identifiable pathogen in 60% of all early lesions but histologically almost all lesions had a similar inflammatory response. Lesions were most common along the ventral surface of the body where 85% of all lesions were present. This was also the most common site of copepod infection, with 95% of all copepods present at this site. Bacterial numbers in early lesions were occasionally high and tended to increase in concentration in advanced lesions. No single organism was consistently identified as predominant in the majority of lesions. The possible relationship of these lesions to red-sore disease is discussed. 相似文献
4.
Vibrio anguillarum , an opportunistic fish pathogen, is the main species responsible for vibriosis, a disease that affects feral and farmed fish and shellfish, and causes considerable economic losses in marine aquaculture. In this study, we used polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect V. anguillarum . PCR specificity was evaluated by amplifying the rpoS gene, a general stress regulator, in six strains of V. anguillarum and 36 other bacterial species. PCR amplified a species-specific fragment (689 bp) from V. anguillarum . Furthermore, the PCR assay was sensitive enough to detect rpoS expression from 3 pg of genomic DNA , or from six colony-forming units (CFU) mL−1 of cultured V. anguillarum . However, the assay was less sensitive when genomic DNA from the infected flounder and prawn was used (limit of detection, 50 ng and 10 ng g−1 tissue, respectively). These data demonstrate that PCR amplification of the rpoS gene is a sensitive and species-specific method to detect V. anguillarum in practical situations. 相似文献
5.
Abstract Bovine lactoferrin was evaluated for its ability to enhance resistance of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum), to infection with Vibrio anguillarum. Oral administration of lactoferrin (100 mg kg−1 ) to fish daily for 3 days prior to an intraperitoneal challenge with V. anguillarum resulted in increased survival rates, and enhanced resistance against Streptococcus sp., although to a lesser extent. In lactoferrin-treated fish, an increase in phagocytic and chemiluminescent (CL) activities of pronephros cells against V. anguillarum was observed. The phagocytic and CL activities of cells against Streptococcus sp. were also significantly increased. However, no in vitro bactericidal activities of lactoferrin against V. anguillarum or Streptococcus sp. were observed. This suggests that the lactoferrin enhanced the resistance of the rainbow trout against bacterial infection through the activation of phagocytes. 相似文献
6.
Live, attenuated Vibrio anguillarum strains can serve as vectors for the delivery of heterologous antigens for development of multivalent recombinant vaccines. Based on the outer membrane anchoring elements of V. anguillarum , we have previously constructed several efficient surface display systems Lpp-Omporf1, Lpp-OmpU, Lpp-Omp26La, Wza-Omporf1, Wza-OmpU and Wza-Omp26La. In this study, with these constructed surface display systems, a putative antigen protein EseB from pathogenic Edwardsiella tarda was successfully expressed on the surface of an attenuated V. anguillarum strain to get multivalent vaccine candidates. Further immune protection evaluation in zebra fish ( Danio rerio ) demonstrated that the V. anguillarum EseB-display strain AV/pW-26La-B could trigger full protection against V. anguillarum infection and early protection against E. tarda infection in the immunized fish. These results suggest that surface display of heterologous protective antigens in attenuated V. anguillarum could be used as a tool to develop potential V. anguillarum vector vaccine. 相似文献
7.
Vibrio anguillarum is an important bacterial fish pathogen responsible for epizootics in both marine and freshwater fish worldwide. Studies on pathogenic V. anguillarum has shown that its virulence is mediated by a 65 kb endogenous pJM1-like plasmid, which encodes an efficient iron uptake system. The plasmid-free derivative of wild V. anguillarum was found to be greatly attenuated and elicited a good protection against wild V. anguillarum in fish. In this study, a plasmid-free derivative MVAV6201, an effective live vaccine candidate, was used as a carrier strain to achieve the secretory delivery of recombinant proteins in V. anguillarum. The secretion mechanism was based on the Escherichia coli alpha-haemolysin (HlyA) transport system. The recombinant proteins were fused with the alpha-haemolysin secretion signal (HlyAs) and expressed from the commonly used HlyA secretion vector pMOhly1. Two HlyAs-tagged recombinant proteins, GFP-HlyAs and AngE-HlyAs, were constructed and their secretion characters in V. anguillarum investigated. In the case of GFP-HlyAs, nearly 70% of the total fusion protein was efficiently secreted into culture supernatant, and in the case of AngE-HlyAs, the secretion efficiency was determined to be about 300 microg L(-1) by Western blotting. 相似文献
8.
Abstract. In March 1972 an epizootic of a non-specific fish disease (red spot), was reported in estuarine fish stocks of the Burnett River in central Queensland, Australia. The disease, characterized by the presence of external lesions, infected a wide range offish species. Red spot has now reportedly spread to the river systems of New Guinea in the north and southwards to central New South Wales. The sea mullet, Mugil cephalus , was selected as a target species for the monitoring of epizootics within the Noosa River system of southern Queensland. Disease epizootics appeared to be related to the occurrence of certain environmental changes such as low or rapidly changing temperatures and rapid or prolonged depressions of salinity in the estuarine habitat. The effect of crowding, migration and spawning upon the transmission of this disease is also discussed. Simultaneously conducted microbiological investigations indicated that the bacterium, Vibrio anguillarum was the causative agent of red spot epizootics. 相似文献
9.
Abstract. Vibrio anguillarum isolated from diseased cod, Gadus morhua L., were serotyped by use of a panel of monoclonal antibodies. Four serotypes could be distinguished, having different lipopolysaccharide determinants. These phenotypic differences were also reflected in the genetic map, as revealed by fingerprinting of bacterial DNA. Antisera were raised in cod after immunization with the V. anguillarum serotypes, and Western blot techniques demonstrated production of specific antibodies mainly to LPS-antigens. The immune system in cod discriminates to a eertain degree between the four serotypes as shown by crossreactions of the immune sera in elisa . Moreover, it was also shown that natural antibodies to bacterial antigens are present in non-immune sera, but these specificities are non-LPS in nature. As a consequence of the heterogeneity of the V. anguillarum strains, vaccination experiments were performed under laboratory conditions to compare the effectiveness of bacterins based on either single vaccines or polyvaccines. The results from these experiments were promising since challenge with one strain demonstrated 100% protection both in fish vaccinated with the homologous serotype as well as a mixture of all the four serotypes. 相似文献
10.
福建省某水产养殖场养殖的种用真鲷(Pagrosomus major)于1989年3月发生了一种以鳞片脱落、鳍基部出血为主要症状的疾病,从病死真鲷体内分离到一株弧菌,其生化特性、培养特性、致病性与鳗弧菌基本一致,抗原性与鳗弧菌相同,因此认为这次真鲷疾病是由鳗弧菌引起的真鲷弧菌病。 相似文献
11.
12.
Abstract. A vaccine solution of a formalin-killed culture of Vibrio anguillarum cells was observed to be toxic to young ayu when administered by the hyperosmotic infiltration method. The toxin was present in the culture broth. After the toxin was removed from the broth by centrifugation, the fish were dipped in 5.32% NaCl solution for 2 min and then in a solution containing precipitated cells for 3 min. The immunized fish were protected against vibriosis when challenged one month after immersion. The bacterin was administered to ayu by a further two methods, both using lyophilized whole cells of formalin-killed V. anguillarum. In one method, the fish were placed in a 5.32% NaCl solution for 2 min and then in a solution containing lyophilized cells at 2 g/l of well water for 3 min (two-step immersion). In the other method, the fish were placed in a 5.32% NaCl solution containing lyophilized cells also at 2 g/l for 3 min (one-step immersion). A high level of protection against artificial challenge was achieved with either method. No agglutinating antibodies to V. anguillarum were detected in either the serum or mucus of fish dipped in a vaccine solution, a supernatant, or a precipitated solution, one month after immersion. On the other hand, serum titres were detected in fish vaccinated by injection, although no titres were detected in mucus. LD50 values are presented for the virulence of the V. anguillarum strain. Compared to the original strain, virulence increased after the third passage in ayu, but decreased after the thirteenth passage in medium. 相似文献
13.
在基础饲料中分别添加维生素E(VE)(60mg/kg标为e或300mg/kg标为E)和硒(Se)(0mg/kg标为s或2.5mg/kg标为S),制成4种试验饲料(s/e,s/E,S/e,S/E)分别饲喂初始体重为38.5±0.15g的牙鲆70d,观察其对生长性能、肝脏及血清中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性、非特异免疫力以及抗病力的影响。结果表明,饲喂添加高剂量VE的两组饲料(s/E,S/E),牙鲆的特定生长率和吞噬率明显地提高(P0.05)。饲喂添加硒的两组饲料(S/e,S/E),牙鲆血液和肝脏的GSH-Px活性显著升高(P0.05)。70d投喂实验结束后,利用鳗弧菌进行攻毒试验,不添加硒和低剂量VE(s/e)使牙鲆的累积死亡率明显高于其他3组。 相似文献
14.
Abstract. Specificities of polyclonal salmon antisera made against the fish pathogens Vibrio salmonicida and Vibrio anguillarum were studied. Using ELISA and Western blot techniques, antisera made against V. salmonicida or V. anguillarum serovar 1 demonstrated high responses against the homologous bacterium or its isolated LPS. In contrast, antisera obtained after immunization with V. anguillarum serovar 2 displayed low antibody titres against homologous antigens. Elcctrophoretic transfer of SDS-PAGE separated V. salmonicida LPS antigen to nitrocellulose strips and subsequent immunostaining with salmon antisera revealed a strong reaction exclusively in the low molecular weight region (<14kD). On the other hand, immunoblots of V. anguillarum LPS preparations using salmon immunesera raised against this species showed a heterogenous staining pattern ranging from high to medium LPS-size. In addition, most of the salmon antisera made against V. anguillarum serovar 2 also reacted with a low molecular weight LPS antigen band. 相似文献
15.
Evaluation of the AQUARAPID-Va, AQUAEIA-Va and dot-blot assays for the detection of Vibrio anguillarum in fish tissues 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The comparative accuracy of the serological assays AQUARAPID-Va, AQUAEIA-Va (BIONOR AS), and dot-blot for a rapid diagnosis of vibriosis in fish was evaluated. Twenty-one Vibrio anguillarum strains, representative of pathogenic and environmental serotypes, and 13 strains of other fish pathogenic bacteria were used to assess the sensitivity and specificity of the detection methods. The serological assays tested detected all the strains of V. anguillarum serotypes O1 and O2. The dot-blot assay was the most specific and sensitive method, detecting almost all isolates from serotypes O1, O2 and O3, with an average sensitivity of 1 x 10(6) bacteria g(-1) of fish tissue. The AQUARAPID-Va and the AQUAEIA-Va systems were able to detect 5 x 10(6) and 5 x 10(7) bacteria g(-1) of fish tissue, respectively. The simplicity, effectiveness and speed of the AQUARAPID-Va system confirmed this method as the most suitable serological test for the detection of V. anguillarum in field analysis and small-scale laboratory studies. 相似文献
16.
Pathogenic Aeromonas sobria has been identified as a causative agent of ulcerative disease in farmed European perch, Perca fluviatilis L. To study the effect of the normal intestinal bacterial flora of perch against A. sobria, we sampled 193 bacterial isolates from the perch digestive tract. The isolates were identified by sequence analysis of the 16S rRNA gene and their inhibitory potential against A. sobria was evaluated in vitro. Nineteen of the strains isolated showed inhibition and were also tested against other aeromonad and non-aeromonad fish pathogens including Yersinia ruckeri and Vibrio anguillarum. Isolates showing inhibition were primarily Pseudomonas spp.; however, inhibitory Shewanella spp., and Delftia sp. were also identified. A Pseudomonas chlororaphis isolate showed inhibition against all fish pathogens tested. 相似文献
17.
Abstract. Bacteria and cutaneous ectoparasites associated with red spot disease (RSD) in sea mullet, Mugil cephalus L., from the Clarence and Richmond Rivers in north-east New South Wales were identified. Various bacteria, including Aeromonas spp., Alcaligenes spp., Pseudomonas spp. and Vibrio spp. were recovered from lesions designated erythematous dermatitis, necrotizing dermatitis and dermal ulcer, but no genus was consistently dominant in cultures from any of the lesion types. Vibrio anguillarum , previously proposed as the cause of RSD, was recovered from four of 37 lesions of erythematous dermatitis, none of 46 lesions of necrotizing dermatitis and eight of 36 dermal ulcers. Bacteria were recovered only rarely from liver and posterior kidney of diseased fish. These results suggest that none of the bacteria isolated is the primary cause of RSD. There was no evidence that cutaneous ectoparasites, including the digencan Prototransversotrema steeri , are significant in the pathogenesis of RSD in sea mullet. None were found on eight normal fish collected in the month preceding a major RSD outbreak. In the first 2 months of the outbreak, none were found on 18 fish with erythematous dermatitis, eight with dermal ulcers or 11 of 12 normal fish. A single digenean, morphologically consistent with P. steeri , was recovered from a normal fish collected during this latter period. 相似文献
18.
为了解引起养殖大菱鲆(Scophthalmus maximus)腹水病的病原多样性及其耐药性情况,针对2002-2010年由不同地区病样分离的27株细菌性病原进行了16S rDNA鉴定,并采用K-B法测定了27株细菌对22种抗生素的耐药性,分析了病原菌的耐药谱及耐药率变化.结果显示,大菱鲆腹水病病原菌主要有大菱鲆弧菌(Vibrio scophthalmi)、迟钝爱德华氏菌(Edwardsiella tarda)、鳗弧菌(Vibrio anguillarum)、哈维氏弧菌(Vibrio harveyi)、假交替单胞菌(Pseudoalteromonas espejiana).山东青岛地区以大菱鲆弧菌为主,威海地区以迟钝爱德华氏菌为主,烟台地区菌株种类分布平均.5类细菌对青霉素类、头孢菌素类、大环内酯类、复方新诺明耐药率高于50％.只有1株迟钝爱德华氏菌对氟苯尼考产生了耐药,其余菌株对其均没有耐药性,且在长期使用中不易产生耐药性,证实氟苯尼考为当前防治腹水病的一种良好抗菌药物.27株病原菌的耐药谱数量为27个,每个菌株具备自己独特的耐药谱,74.1％的菌株对10种以上的抗菌药物产生了耐药性,均有多重耐药性. 相似文献
19.
摘要：对已分离的1株致病性鳗弧菌W1外膜蛋白图谱进行SDS-PAGE分析，并与8株不同血清型的鳗弧菌外膜蛋白进行比较。结果表明，鳗弧菌W1主要外膜蛋白分别为24kD，38kD，42kD和47kD，主要外膜蛋白图谱与鳗弧菌O1血清型标准菌株VIB1相似。抗生素药敏试验表明该菌对氨苄青霉素、强力霉素、磺胺嘧啶等14种常用药物产生了抗性，只对新生霉素、呋喃妥因、利福平、新霉素等9种药物敏感。研究不同浓度的氨苄青霉素、强力霉素、磺胺嘧啶和庆大霉素对鳗弧菌外膜蛋白表达的影响。结果表明，氨苄青霉素、强力霉素和磺胺嘧啶明显地抑制鳗弧菌42kD的主要外膜蛋白的表达，随着抗菌素浓度的增加，该外膜蛋白的表达量逐渐减少甚至消失，而庆大霉素浓度的变化对其表达没有明显影响。对该42kD主要外膜蛋白进行N末端分析表明，其N末端序列为EAPTAINS，与已发表的细菌其他外膜蛋白序列没有同源性。 相似文献
20.
Abstract. Sixty-eight strains of Vibrio anguillarum , five of V. ordalii and the type strains of V. alginolyticus, V. carchariae, V. damsela and V. parahaemolyticus were compared using the API 20E gallery. Within the V. anguillarum strains, distinct groups could be separated mainly on the basis of their reaction on indole production and the fermentation of amygdalin and arabinose. Vibrio ordalii , the former V. anguillarum biotype 2, could easily be separated from V. anguillarum and from the other fish pathogenic Vibrio spp. 相似文献