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《中国畜牧兽医文摘》2015,(4)
牛羊是具有四个胃的反刍动物,其中前胃指的是网胃、瘤胃和瓣胃,前胃不能够分泌消化液,其消化依靠机械性消化和微生物的作用。第四个胃为真胃,这个胃可以分泌消化液进行消化。据相关研究表明,牛羊养殖中前胃疾病的发病率为56%以上,所以前胃疾病在牛羊养殖中的鉴别诊断是兽医学研究的一个重要方面。本文根据笔者多年临床经验,探讨了前胃疾病在牛羊养殖中的鉴别诊断方法,为今后临床鉴别诊断牛羊前胃疾病提供参考。 相似文献
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艾提亚古丽&#;艾合买提 《兽医导刊》2017,(4)
说起具有四个胃的反刍动物,牛和羊可以算是其中的代表了.四个胃分别为网胃、瘤胃、瓣胃等三个前卫和"真胃"."真胃"也就是牛羊的第四个胃,是其可以通过分泌消化液来进行消化,而前三个不能,以至于牛羊前胃疾病发病率很高,本文主要研究牛羊前胃疾病发生的原因以及诊断方法,为今后床鉴别诊断牛羊前胃疾病提供参考. 相似文献
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牛羊与其他的动物相比较是具有一定的特殊性的,主要就是由于其是具有四个胃的,能够进行反刍,在这四个胃中有三个胃成为是前胃,也就是网胃、瘤胃以及瓣胃,前胃的主要作用就是进行消化液的分泌,并且通过机械性的消化以及微生物的作用实现对食物的消化。但是通过相关的研究可以发现,牛羊在进行养殖的过程中是非常容易出现前胃疾病的,所以需要对前胃疾病进行及时的诊治,本文就将对牛羊前胃疾病的鉴别方法进行总结与论述。 相似文献
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牛羊属于典型的反刍动物,消化系统内包括瘤胃、网胃、瓣胃和皱胃.其中所谓的前胃是指瘤胃、网胃和瓣胃这三个胃,其主要功能是进行微生物消化与机械性消化,皱胃可以有效的分泌消化液,属于真正意义上的胃.兽类临床治疗相关资料统计显示,牛羊出现疾病大多数都属于消化道疾病,其比例高达70％,而消化道疾病里又数前胃疾病为首,约占消化道疾病总例数的80％.因此对牛羊前胃疾病鉴别诊断的方法研究属于兽医研讨的重要内容,本文将阐述以临床症状、病情原因、检查结果的比较分析及试验治疗等方法来鉴别与诊断牛羊前胃疾病,希望对相关人员有一定的参考价值. 相似文献
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<正>近些年来,我国牛羊养殖业的发展速度和水平明显提高,取得了可观的效益。但是在牛羊养殖期间,由于受到诸多因素的影响,导致前胃疾病的发病率增加,给牛羊的健康生长带来了严重的威胁,如果没有及时接受治疗,极其容易造成牛羊死亡,从而给牛羊养殖带来较大的经济损失。1牛羊养殖中前胃疾病的病因1.1瓣胃阻塞瓣胃阻塞是引起牛羊前胃疾病的重要因素,阻塞本就属于胃病的一大表现,而健康牛羊出现瓣胃阻塞的原因可以总结为以下几种：(1)年龄增长、体衰。随着牛羊年龄的增加,其自身的消化功能也会出现减慢进而出现阻塞情况,这类牛羊的消化功能往往要低于健康牛羊,而且由于瓣胃收缩能力不足,就容易发生瓣胃阻塞疾病;(2)长期食用干枯饲料。饲料质量也是引起瓣胃阻塞的原因,如果健康牛羊长期食用干枯的饲料,而且没有及时饮水,就会导致这些干枯饲料长期在牛羊瓣胃叶片中堆积,难以进行消化,进而导致成为瓣胃阻塞的诱因。 相似文献
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牛羊是典型的反刍动物,具有独特的消化系统,在日常的饲养过程中很容易出现前胃病变甚至导致死亡。主要分析了牛羊前胃疾病发生的原因及鉴别方法,供参考。 相似文献
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随着经济的快速发展,人民生活水平的不断提高,我国市场中肉类消费结构也发生了一定的变化。牛羊肉因脂肪减量低、蛋白质含量高,具有一定滋补保健效果,味道鲜美而受到广大消费者的青睐。在牛羊养殖的过程中,前胃疾病发病率较高,养殖户如未能及时发现,给予针对性治疗,严重时会引发牛羊死亡,会造成不必要的经济损失。基于此,笔者结合自身实践,展开对牛羊前胃疾病的鉴别诊断方法解析,以期为促进牛羊养殖工作的有序推进提供参考。 相似文献
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Kitamura N Yoshiki A Sasaki M Baltazar ET Hondo E Yamamoto Y Agungpriyono S Yamada J 《Anatomia, histologia, embryologia》2003,32(3):175-178
The muscularis mucosae and condensed fibrous layer of the ruminant forestomach were studied by immunohistochemistry using specific antibodies against alpha-smooth muscle actin (alphaSMA) and gamma-smooth muscle actin (gammaSMA). The specimens were collected from the rumen, reticulum and omasum of cattle, water buffalo, sheep, goat, Barbary sheep, Japanese serow, sika deer and mouse deer. The muscularis mucosae showed immunoreactivity for both alphaSMA and gammaSMA. On the other hand, the condensed fibrous layer appearing between the propria mucosa and tela submucosa was immunoreactive only for alphaSMA except for that in the goat and Barbary sheep reticulum which is intermingled with gammaSMA immunoreactivity. The distribution of muscularis mucosae and/or condensed fibrous layer varied among the compartments of forestomach and ruminant species. In the rumen, only the condensed fibrous layer was detected. On the other hand, the omasum contained only the muscularis mucosae. In the reticulum, both were detected. The amount of the condensed fibrous layer in the reticulum varied among different species in the following order of abundance: goat > Barbary sheep > sika deer> sheep > water buffalo > cattle and Japanese serow. Smooth muscle cells of external muscle layer were immunoreactive for alphaSMA and gammaSMA whereas those of blood vessels and pericytes were immunoreactive only for alphaSMA. The present findings on the actin immunoreactivity and distribution profile of muscularis mucosae and the condensed fibrous layer provide additional knowledge to further understand the histophysiological specialization of the different compartments of the ruminant forestomach. 相似文献
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The forestomach plays an important role in the digestion physiology of ruminants. The aim of this study is to clarify the morpho-functional role of the mucosa in each of the three compartments of the forestomach in three domestic ruminants species, viz cattle, buffalo and sheep, by means of structural, histochemical and immunocytochemical methods, including transmission electron microscopy, light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. These methods were chosen to demonstrate the indirect evidence for the presence of nitric oxide (NO) employing NADPHd and nitric oxide synthase I (NOS I). The various cell layers of the forestomach epithelium are described and illustrated in detail. An intense NADPHd staining was observed in the granulosa, spinosa and basal layers of the epithelium, in particular in the cytoplasm over the nucleus. NOS I immunoreactivity was found in all specimens of the forestomach mucosa. The results of this study might reflect a possible role of NO in delaying the onset of cellular apoptosis in the forestomach mucosa of the domestic ruminants, by playing a role in the production of cell energy. 相似文献
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牛羊魏氏梭菌病的诊断及综合防治 《畜牧与饲料科学》2019,40(6):110-112
由产气荚膜梭菌引起的牛羊魏氏梭菌病是一种急性传染病,常引起羊肠毒血症、羊猝狙、羔羊痢疾、牛猝死症等疾病,该病发病急、死亡快、死亡率高,给牛羊养殖业造成重大经济损失。对牛羊常见的魏氏梭菌病的诊断与综合防治措施进行综述,以期为牛羊魏氏梭菌病的防治提供参考。 相似文献
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The lymph nodes of the stomachs taken from 31 sheep and 35 goats were described and measured. Compared with lymph nodes of cattle (Baum, 1912) marked differences were found regarding the position, number and presence of the nodes, as well as in regard to the lymphatic vessels leaving them. The results are discussed in the light of the decisions that may have to be made during meat inspection. 相似文献
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王志强 《畜牧兽医科学(电子版)》2021,(4):158-159
在牛羊养殖实践中,疾病是影响养殖效益的重要因素,总结牛羊养殖中的疾病种类,并就疾病防治进行研究有突出的现实意义。牛羊乳房炎是牛羊养殖中的常见疾病,对牛羊乳产量和质量有显著影响,在养殖中必须要关注此病防治。该文对牛羊乳房炎的发病原因、发病特点和规律进行总结,并就该疾病的中西兽医防治对策进行分析与讨论。 相似文献
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Y Ruckebusch L A Ooms A D Degryse C Allal 《American journal of veterinary research》1985,46(2):434-437
The relationships between forestomach motility and eructation rate were studied in sheep and cattle. Three ewes and 2 heifers were implanted with strain gauges on the reticulo-rumen and fitted with a cannula in the dorsal sac of the rumen. Studies were performed in sheep after induction of hypocalcemia by Na2EDTA infusion and cattle were studied after ruminal distension. Experiments were performed by measuring the rate and volume of eructated ruminal gases, using a technique by which the trachea is transected. The frequency of reticulo-ruminal contractions decreased 40% within 30 minutes of Na2EDTA infusion to the sheep. The volume of eructated gas (for 30-minute periods) decreased from 10.7 L to 5.5 L at the end of the 60-minute infusion period. Pretreatment with ritanserin (0.1 mg/kg, subcutaneously) not only prevented bloating during the ruminal stasis induced by hypocalcemia, but also significantly increased the eructated volume of gas. In cattle, ritanserin given at the same dose level (0.1 mg/kg, subcutaneously) significantly increased the volume of eructated gas after ruminal distension. This study supports the hypothesis that the caudal esophageal sphincter has a role in the rate of ruminal gas eructation and indicates that its relaxation may be due to a 5-hydroxytryptamine antagonist. 相似文献
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J. L. Hourrigan D. V. M. A. L. Klingsporn D. V. M. 《Australian veterinary journal》1975,51(4):170-174
Most researchers in South Africa found that although BT virus could be isolated from apparently healthy cattle and from inoculated cattle the virus did not produce overt clinical disease in cattle. However, when epizootics were reported outside Africa, clinical signs were observed in cattle in Israel, Palestine, Syria, Portugal, and Spain. Most natural BT infections in cattle in the United States do not result in overt clinical signs. However, in certain infected herds, approximately 5% of the cattle show from mild to severe disease. Except for severe cases, spontaneous recovery is usual. The clinical diagnosis of BT in cattle is difficult and requires laboratory assistance. Culicoides variipennis can serve as a vector of BT virus from cattle to cattle, cattle to sheep, sheep to cattle, and sheep to sheep. In utero transmission occurs in cattle and can result in abortion, hydraencephaly, congenital deformity, and birth of viraemic calves which may or may not develop BT antibody. Calves inoculated in utero or those born to infected dams may have a persistent viraemia with or without BT antibody. tone such animal has been held in insect-secure quarters and has continued to harbour virus for 3 years. Bluetongue virus was isolated from the semen of experimentally infected bulls. Calves inoculated with BT virus and also given an immuno-suppressant developed marked clinical disease in 8 to 12 days. Bluetongue virus is very closely associated with the erythrocytes of infected cattle, sheep, and goats. Cattle are considered important and relatively long-term virus reservoirs. In attempts to determine the maximum period of viraemia in cattle it is necessary to inoculate washed erythrocytes, rather than whole blood, and to use susceptible sheep as the assay system rather than embryonated chicken eggs. 相似文献
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石头沟地区放牧的牛羊每年一到秋末或冬季便出现消瘦、贫血、浮肿、被毛脆弱,容易脱落。为此笔者进行调查,走访14户农户,采集了58头牛羊粪便。结果表明,牛羊的胃肠线虫种类很多,往往混合感染,对牛羊危害极大。结果检查出牛羊的线虫感染率为39.01%。 相似文献
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《The Veterinary record》2011,168(3):71-74
Outbreaks of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis in dairy cattle. Louping ill in cattle and sheep. Vitamin A, D and E deficiency in fattening cattle. Dosing gun injuries in sheep. Large outbreak of lameness in sheep caused by a strawberry footrot-like condition. These are among matters discussed in the Veterinary Laboratories Agency's (VLA's) disease surveillance report for November 2010. 相似文献