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本研究采用胃毒法测定了噻虫嗪悬浮种衣剂(SC)对东方粘虫[Mythimna separata(Walker)]和劳氏粘虫[Mythimna loreyi(Duponchel)]的室内毒力。结果表明，35%噻虫嗪SC有效成分质量浓度在1.12～2.24 g/kg之间对两种粘虫均具有明显的毒力，且在玉米不同苗龄对不同龄期及种类粘虫的毒力均存在一定差异。玉米出苗2周，噻虫嗪SC质量浓度为1.12 g/kg时对东方粘虫2龄幼虫的毒力效果达92.83%,对劳氏粘虫2龄幼虫的毒力效果达57.13%。与劳氏粘虫相比，噻虫嗪SC对东方粘虫的毒力更强。本研究为生产上选用噻虫嗪SC防治玉米粘虫提供了参考。 相似文献
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粘虫的发生危害及防治 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
粘虫俗称剃技虫、行军虫，属鳞翅目夜蛾科，有三个种，普通粘虫、劳氏粘虫和白脉粘虫。我乡以普通粘虫危害为主，其次是劳氏粘虫。幼虫取食水稻、玉米、小麦、甘蔗等禾本科作物的幼嫩茎叶、穗，轻者吃成缺刻，重则吃光叶片，幼茎，穗，直接影响营养生产和生殖生长，一般减产产5%-20%，严重时则造成颗粒无收。 相似文献
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为了了解粘虫越冬分布情况,更好地指导防治。笔者通过对粘虫越冬空间分布情况调查发现,粘虫在稻桩和玉米秸秆中均为聚集分布,且均为一般负二项分布。圩区田块粘虫越冬基数明显高于山区田块。 相似文献
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为了了解小麦粘虫发生和分布情况,更好地指导防治,通过虫情测报灯诱、糖醋盆、性诱剂诱捕成虫并开展麦田调查,结果表明:越冬代成虫高峰期均在5月下旬末至6月上旬初,羽化后粘虫在此时期对黑光灯最敏感。聚集度测定表明:不同发生程度小麦粘虫在田间空间分布均呈聚集分布,同时符合一般负二项分布。 相似文献
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为了了解小麦粘虫发生和分布情况,更好地指导防治,通过虫情测报灯诱、糖醋盆、性诱剂诱捕成虫并开展麦田调查。调查结果表明,越冬代成虫高峰期均在5月下旬末至6月上旬初,羽化后粘虫在此时期对黑光灯最敏感。聚集度测定表明：不同发生程度小麦粘虫在田间空间分布均呈聚集分布,同时符合一般负二项分布。 相似文献
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为进一步了解粘虫Mythimna separata的生态习性和制定正确的抽样方法,用Taylor幂法则s2=a-bx、Iwao的M*-x直线回归及各种聚集度指标,分析了二代粘虫幼虫在玉米上的空间分布型.结果表明,各组的I、K、Ca值均大于0,Iδ、M*/-x及L/(1+-x)均大于1,说明粘虫幼虫在玉米上呈聚集分布;Taylor幂法则中a=1.1700,b=1.0147,均大于1,说明二代粘虫幼虫在一切密度下均为聚集分布,聚集强度随密度的变化而变化;Iwao的M-x直线回归中α=0.1679＞0,β=0.9899≈1,说明二代粘虫幼虫的种群为聚集分布.各组的聚集均数λ＜2,说明t2二代粘虫幼虫的聚集是由环境条件引起的.在此基础上得出其理论抽样数模型为n=t2 /D21.1700-x-0.9853. 相似文献
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[目的]探讨3种粘虫各龄幼虫对4种寄主植物的取食选择行为,为粘虫的预测预报及防治提供理论依据.[方法]采用叶碟改进法分别测试3种粘虫(东方粘虫、劳氏粘虫和淡脉粘虫)在4种寄主植物(玉米、水稻、甘蔗和稗草)上的取食选择性,分别于接虫后6和24 h记录幼虫对各植物的选择数量.[结果]3种粘虫各龄幼虫在接虫后6和24 h时对4种寄主植物的取食选择率均有变化.在24 h时,东方粘虫各龄幼虫对玉米的选择率均显著高于其他3种寄主植物(P<0.05,下同),其中1龄和2龄幼虫对玉米的选择率分别高达82%和89%;劳氏粘虫1~6龄幼虫偏好取食玉米,其中1龄、2龄和3龄幼虫对玉米的选择率均超过50%,分别为78%、70%和55%,显著高于对其他3种寄主植物的选择率;淡脉粘虫1~6龄幼虫均偏好取食水稻,其中2~4龄幼虫对玉米和水稻的选择率差异不显著(P>0.05).[结论]3种粘虫各龄幼虫对4种寄主植物的取食选择存在差异,3种粘虫对玉米和水稻的取食选择性强,对甘蔗和稗草的取食选择性较弱;东方粘虫和劳氏粘虫低龄幼虫喜食玉米,淡脉粘虫低龄幼虫嗜食水稻和玉米,高龄幼虫的取食选择性不如低龄幼虫明显. 相似文献
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【目的】调查广西稻田粘虫及其寄生性天敌昆虫发生种类,为粘虫的预测预报及可持续防控提供科学依据。【方法】在不同调查点进行田间调查,将粘虫幼虫和蛹带回室内饲养,待羽化后鉴定其种类,并对期间饲养出的寄生性天敌昆虫进行种类鉴定。【结果】广西稻田共发现3种粘虫,分别为东方粘虫Mythimna separata(Walker)、劳氏粘虫Mythimna loreyi(Duponchel)和淡脉粘虫Mythimna roseilinea(Walker);共发现6种寄生性天敌昆虫:螟蛉绒茧蜂Apanteles ruficrus(Haliday),寄生率可达20%;粘虫绒茧蜂Apanteles kariyai Watanabe,寄生率可达14.29%;斜纹夜蛾盾脸姬蜂Metopius(Metopius)rufus browni(Ashmead),寄生率为2.22%;粘虫白星姬蜂Vulgichneumon leucaniae Uchida,寄生率为18.53%;粘虫长芒寄蝇Dolichocolon klapperichi Mesnil,寄生率为2.22%;日本追寄蝇Exorista japonica Townsend,寄生率为0.42%。【结论】广西稻田3种粘虫中,以东方粘虫为害水稻最为严重;越冬粘虫主要有东方粘虫和劳氏粘虫。螟蛉绒茧蜂为越冬粘虫寄生性天敌昆虫优势种。 相似文献
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【目的】明确草地贪夜蛾（Spodoptera frugiperda）在广西玉米主要种植区的种群动态及发生为害规律,为草地贪夜蛾周年繁殖区和其他玉米主产区草地贪夜蛾的预测预报和精准防控提供科学依据。【方法】2020年在广西崇左市、南宁市和河池市选择7个固定调查监测点,采用对角线五点取样法,在玉米生长期每隔7 d调查草地贪夜蛾幼虫数量及对玉米植株的为害特征,计算植株受害率和百株虫量;在7个调查监测点各放置2组桶型诱捕器和诱芯,每隔7 d调查记录1次诱虫情况,统计成虫数量。【结果】各调查点草地贪夜蛾幼虫发生量春秋季各有1次高峰,春秋季百株虫量最高值分别为35.00头和64.67头,秋季虫量明显高于春季。幼虫发生动态呈区域性差异,崇左市扶绥县、南宁市江南区和武鸣区幼虫发生期较短且集中,3个点春季百株虫量和峰值均较高。玉米各生育期均受幼虫为害,苗期以低龄幼虫为主,开花期和成熟期以5~6龄幼虫为主,其他生育期可见各龄期幼虫,世代重叠明显。各调查点春季草地贪夜蛾成虫数量总体上呈抛物线增加趋势,春季每诱虫桶最高虫量为25.33头;秋季虫量呈波浪状,约21 d出现一次峰值,每诱虫桶最高虫量为34.67头;秋季成虫数量总体上高于春季。【结论】草地贪夜蛾在广西全年均可发生,年发生代数在7代及以上,秋季虫量明显高于春季,发生程度随温度升高而加重。幼虫发生期和虫量存在区域差异,幼虫可为害各生育期玉米。草地贪夜蛾严重为害玉米生长,应进一步加强监测预报,根据区域气候和玉米长势,强化低龄幼虫和成虫高峰期的防控力度,以降低草地贪夜蛾造成的危害。 相似文献
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为研究韭菜迟眼蕈蚊在北柴胡种植地中的空间格局,2022年5~6月对韭菜迟眼蕈蚊成、幼虫在略阳北柴胡种植地中的空间分布情况进行调查,采用频次比较法对调查结果进行多种分布型的拟合计算。结果表明在北柴胡种植地中,韭菜迟眼蕈蚊幼、成虫的空间格局均为聚集型分布,符合负二项分布。韭菜迟眼蕈蚊成虫在北柴胡种植地中主要集中在植株顶部上方飞行,植株顶部上方0至30.00 cm高度内的成虫占比达到71.51%,其中在植株顶部上方约15.00 cm处飞行的成虫最多,粘虫板粘附成虫数量达到10.6头/板。 相似文献
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Effect of three insect-resistant maizes expressing Cry1Ie,Cry1Ab/Cry2Aj and Cry1Ab on the growth and development of armyworm Mythimna separata(Walker) 
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下载免费PDF全文 Three transgenic maize events(IE09 S034, Shuangkang 12–5 and C0030.3.5) produced Cry1 Ie, Cry1 Ab/Cry2 Aj and G10-EPSPS, Cry1 Ab and EPSPS, respectively, all of which target the Asian corn borer. The oriental armyworm Mythimna separata(Walker) is the secondary target. In this study, the effects of the three Bt maizes on the development and survival of armyworm were studied. The results showed that IE09 S034 had insecticidal activity against 1 st instar larvae, and the survival rate of armyworm fed with Bt maize for 10 days was 46.2%, significantly lower than that of the control. The larvae at 3 rd–6 th instar were more tolerant of the Bt toxin than the early instar larvae. However, Shuangkang 12-5 had good insecticidal activity against 1 st–5 th instar larvae. The mortality was nearly 100% when the larvae were fed with Shuangkang 12-5 before 3 rd instar, and the toxin had quick-acting efficacy. This event significantly inhibited the development of armyworm; that is, the larval duration of the 3 rd and 4 th instar larvae fed with Shuangkang 12-5 was prolonged by 4.5 and 3.0 days, respectively. The pupal weight and egg number were also significantly lower than those of the control. For C0030.3.5, it could control 1 st–5 th instar larvae effectively. The mortality rates were all over 50% if 1 st–3 rd larvae were fed with this event. The pupal weight of 4 th–6 th instar larvae fed with Bt maize were only 53.9, 56.8 and 54.6%, respectively, compared to that of the control. The number of eggs laid was significantly less than the control. The results indicate that all three transgenic maize events exhibit the potential to provide effective control of early instar larvae of armyworm, which can be commercialized in future to control lepidoptera pests such as Asian corn borer and armyworm. 相似文献
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In this article, the selection of tebufenozide to beet armyworm (Spodoptera exigua Hubner) was studied by the treatments to alternative generations' 3rd-instar larvae with LC50 dose and to continuous generations' larvae with LC10 dose; the effects of tebufenozide on the biological characteristics of current and subsequent generations were examined by the treatments to 3rd-instar larvae and egg pods in different concentrations. After treatments with LC50 dose till F11, the toxicity of tebufenozide to beet armyworm had no significant change, whereas the pupation rate, pupal weight, and fecundity were reduced markedly. After treatments with LC10 dose till F19, the beet armyworm only developed 3.52-fold resistance, and the main biological characteristics were nearly accordant in each generation. The livability was reduced 72 h later after treatments to 3rd-instar larvae, respectively in 2.5-40 (ig mL-', and larval duration, pupation rate, and pupal weight changed considerably with the increase in concentrations. The fecundity, larval livability, larval weight and pupal weight of subsequent generations were reduced as the dose increased over 10 ug mL-1. The hatching rate of egg pods did not differ with that of the controls obviously after treatment in 10-300 ug mL-1. But the larval livability, larval weight and pupal weight were reduced when eggs were exposed to 50 ug mL-1 dose or more. The results indicated that tebufenozide had low resistance risk to the current and subsequent generations of beet armyworm even if tebufenozide had significant effects on the biological characteristics of this insect. 相似文献
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Fuzzy控制理论在粘虫数量预报中的应用尝试 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文将粘虫发生数量预报过程模拟成一个Fuzzy控制系统,预报依据作为系统的输入,发生量作为系统的输出。根据历年粘虫发生资料,建立了Fuzzy控制预报模型。结果实测值全部落入预报区间内,对扬州市6个县36年次的历史资料也进行了验证预报,符合率为34/36×100=94％。 相似文献
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LIU Wei-wei MU Wei ZHU Bing-yu LIU Feng 《中国农业科学(英文版)》2008,7(10):1222-1227
In this article, the selection of tebufenozide to beet armyworm （Spodoptera exigua Htibner） was studied by the treatments to alternative generations＇ 3rd-instar larvae with LC50 dose and to continuous generations＇ larvae with LC10 dose; the effects of tebufenozide on the biological characteristics of current and subsequent generations were examined by the treatments to 3rd-instar larvae and egg pods in different concentrations. After treatments with LC50 dose till F11, the toxicity of tebufenozide to beet armyworm had no significant change, whereas the pupation rate, pupal weight, and fecundity were reduced markedly. After treatments with LC10 dose till Fl9, the beet armyworm only developed 3.52-fold resistance, and the main biological characteristics were nearly accordant in each generation. The livability was reduced 72 h later after treatments to 3rd-instar larvae, respectively in 2.5-40 μg mL^-1, and larval duration, pupation rate, and pupal weight changed considerably with the increase in concentrations. The fecundity, larval livability, larval weight and pupal weight of subsequent generations were reduced as the dose increased over 10 μg mL^-1. The hatching rate of egg pods did not differ with that of the controls obviously after treatment in 10-300 μg mL^-1. But the larval livability, larval weight and pupal weight were reduced when eggs were exposed to 50 μg mL^-1 dose or more. The results indicated that tebufenozide had low resistance risk to the current and subsequent generations of beet armyworm even if tebufenozide had significant effects on the biological characteristics of this insect. 相似文献
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[目的]研究柠条豆象卵块及幼虫种群的空间分布格局和空间相关性。[方法]应用地统计学原理和方法调查柠条豆象卵和幼虫数量,并对所得数据进行分析。[结果]柠条豆象卵块和幼虫种群最优拟合模型为圆形模型,空间分布格局均为聚集分布,存在空间相关性,变程范围分别为18.899~62.922和13.464~47.455。采用普通Kriging插值法对柠条豆象卵块与幼虫种群分布进行模拟,显示其分布均具有明显的聚集团块,斑块核心区聚集强度明显高于边缘,且具各向异性,西南至东北方向聚集强度高于东南至西北方向。[结论]柠条豆象卵块和幼虫种群空间分布格局均为聚集分布,增加柠条林中柠条的株距和斑块破碎化对柠条豆象的种群发生有一定的控制作用。 相似文献
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采用小叶碟添加法测定了鬼臼毒素 ( Podophyllotoxin)和脱氧鬼臼毒素 ( Deoxypodophyllotoxin)对粘虫 ( Mythimna separata W.)的生物活性。结果表明 ,二者对粘虫 4龄幼虫均有很强的拒食作用 ,2 4h、48h和72 h的 AFC50 值分别为 1 .40 86、1 2 .45 1 4、0 .8881 mg/m L和 0 .4686、1 .1 0 66、0 .2 5 99mg/m L;二者对粘虫的生长发育抑制作用也较强 ,致使粘虫生长发育各历期均延迟 ,化蛹率、羽化率、产卵量等均明显降低 相似文献
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【目的】明确草地贪夜蛾幼虫在山地玉米植株上的空间分布特征,为草地贪夜蛾的预测预报、抽样调查和防治提供理论依据。【方法】以云南省曲靖市师宗县龙庆乡山地玉米种植区为调查研究点,设置系统调查田3块,每块田采用W型五点调查取样法,调查并记录不同生育期和不同部位玉米植株上草地贪夜蛾不同龄期幼虫数量;采用聚集指标、Iwao回归分析法和Taylor幂法则等方法分析山地玉米田草地贪夜蛾幼虫的空间分布格局,并基于空间分布结果,进一步拟合提出幼虫密度的理论抽样模型和基于幼虫密度防治指标的序贯抽样技术。【结果】不同生育期玉米植株上草地贪夜蛾各龄期幼虫的组成不同。除1龄幼虫在雄穗上无分布外,各龄期幼虫在玉米不同部位上均有分布,幼虫数量由大到小的分布顺序为心叶>雌穗>茎/叶>雄穗。玉米齐苗期、拔节期、大喇叭口期和吐丝期草地贪夜蛾低龄幼虫数量比例较高,分别为100.00%、71.45%、63.39%和78.07%,抽雄期、散粉期、灌浆期、乳熟期和蜡熟期草地贪夜蛾高龄幼虫数量比例较高,分别为70.01%、83.55%、81.35%、95.94%和95.56%;玉米心叶和雌穗上虫量占比较高,分别为37.73%和34.49%,其中雌穗虫量最高达237.78头/100穗;草地贪夜蛾低龄幼虫在山地玉米田呈聚集分布,高龄幼虫呈均匀分布;综合来看,山地玉米田草地贪夜蛾幼虫呈聚集分布,且聚集度具密度依赖性。基于空间分布的草地贪夜蛾低龄、高龄和全部幼虫样本的最佳理论抽样数计算模型分别为$N = (\frac{{3.84}}{{{D^2}}})(\frac{{3.2575}}{{{m^2}}} + 0.2874)、N = (\frac{{3.84}}{{{D^2}}})(\frac{{1.008}}{m} - 0.0644)$和$N = (\frac{{3.84}}{{{D^2}}})(\frac{{1.4718}}{m} + 0.3370)$,基于防治指标的低龄、高龄和全部幼虫样本的序贯抽样区间计算公式分别为${T_{{\rm{Iwao(n)}}}} = 0.33n \pm 1.96\sqrt {1.1063n} 、{T_{{\rm{Iwao(n)}}}} = 0.33n \pm 1.96\sqrt {0.3257n} $和${T_{{\rm{Iwao(n)}}}} = 0.33n \pm 1.96\sqrt {0.5224n} $。【结论】云南山地玉米田草地贪夜蛾低龄幼虫呈聚集分布,高龄幼虫呈均匀分布,整个生育期田间草地贪夜蛾幼虫总体呈聚集分布;可通过拟合的模型计算低龄和高龄幼虫取样的最佳理论抽样数及序贯抽样区间。 相似文献