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1.
We previously surveyed chromosomal regions showing segregation distortion of RFLP markers in the F2 population from the cross between a japonica type variety ‘Nipponbare’ and an indica type variety ‘Milyang23’, and showed that the most skewed segregation appeared on the short arm of chromosome 3. By comparison with the marker loci where distortion factors were previously identified, this region was assumed to be a gametophytic selection-2 (ga2) gene region. To evaluate this region, two near isogenic lines (NILs) were developed. One NIL had the ‘Nipponbare’ segment of this region on the genetic background of ‘Milyang23’ (NIL9-23), and the other NIL had the ‘Milyang23’ segment on the genetic background of ‘Nipponbare’ (NIL33-18). NIL9-23 and ‘Milyang23’, NIL33-18 and ‘Nipponbare’, and ‘Nipponbare’ and ‘Milyang23’ were respectively crossed to produce F1 and F2 populations. The F1 plants of NIL9-23 × ‘Milyang23’ and NIL33-18 × ‘Nipponbare’ showed high seed fertility and the same pollen fertility as their parental cultivars, indicating that ga2 does not reduce seed and pollen fertility. Segregation ratio of a molecular marker on the ga2 region in the three F2 populations was investigated to clarify whether segregation distortion occurred on the different genetic backgrounds. Segregation distortion of the ga2 region appeared in the both F2 populations from the NIL9-23 and ‘Milyang23’ cross (background was ‘Milyang23’ homozygote) and the ‘Nipponbare’ and ‘Milyang23’ cross (background was heterozygote), but did notin the F2 population from the NIL33-18 and ‘Nipponbare’ cross (background was ‘Nipponbare’ homozygote). This result indicates that ga2 interacts with a ‘Milyang23’ allele(s) on the different chromosomal region(s) to cause skewed segregation of the ga2 region. In addition, segregation ratio was the same between the F2 populations from NIL9-23 × ‘Milyang23’ and ‘Nipponbare’ × ‘Milyang23’ crosses, suggesting that the both genotypes, ‘Milyang23’ homozygote and heterozygote, of gene(s) located on the different chromosomal region(s) have the same effect on the segregation distortion. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

2.
S. H. Jalikop 《Euphytica》2007,158(1-2):201-207
Summary Inheritance of fruit acidity in pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) was studied in 3 sweet or low acid (‘Ganesh’, ‘Ruby’ and ‘Kabul Yellow’) and 3 sour or high acid (‘Nana’, ‘Daru’ and ‘Double Flower’) varieties and their progenies. The F1 and F2 data of ‘Ganesh’ × ‘Nana’ showed that fruit acidity is monogenically controlled and the sour nature is dominant over sweet. Further, whether a genotype produces sweet or sour fruit is determined by a major gene (SS) while a few modifiers with small effects cause fluctuations in the acidity levels within sour and sweet types. All the trees of 3 crosses involving ‘Daru’ produced acidic fruits but those of (‘Ganesh’ × ‘Nana’) × ‘Daru’ reached acidity as high as 71.2 g/l which could be because of cumulative influence of modifying genes derived from the two acidic varieties ‘Nana’ and ‘Daru’. Pollination of functionally sterile ‘Double Flower’ variety with single (normal) flower types revealed that ‘Double Flower’ is a dominant mutant from an acidic fruited genotype (Ss). The segregation pattern in F1 indicated the possible linkage between genes governing total acidity and flower type. All the F1 hybrids between ‘Kabul Yellow’ and ‘Ganesh’ (sweet × sweet) were sour fruited with almost 8-fold jump in fruit acidity over the mid-parental value. The steep increase in acidity cannot be convincingly attributed to overdominance which is certainly rare at major gene level. Alternatively, linked dominant alleles or epistatic effect of neighboring loci which readily simulate overdominance (pseudo-overdominance) could have caused a major shift in F1 fruit acidity.  相似文献   

3.
In order to identify the markers linked to microspore embryogenic ability in Brassica crops, RAPD segregation analyses were performed in a microspore-derived (MD) population and a F2 population derived from F1between ‘Ho Mei’ (high responsive parent in microspore embryogenesis) and ‘269’ (low responsive parent) in Chinese cabbage, and between ‘Lisandra’ (high responsive parent) and ‘Kamikita’ (low responsive parent) in oil seed rape. After 230 and 143 primers were screened, a total of 148 and 52markers were detected to be polymorphic between the parents in Chinese cabbage and oilseed rape, respectively. Twenty-seven percent of the markers in the MD population showed a significant segregation distortion in both crops. Of the markers showing segregation distortion in the MD population, 71–75% of the markers followed the expected Mendelian segregation ratio in the F2 population. When the relationships between such distorted markers and microspore embryogenesis of the F2 population were examined, 7 and 3 markers were identified to be associated with embryogenic ability in Chinese cabbage and oilseed rape, respectively. These markers showed additive effects on embryo yields, and the plants having more alleles of the high responsive parent produced higher embryo yields. These markers maybe useful in marker-assisted selection for improving microspore responsiveness straits in Brassica crops. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

4.
Summary Spot blotch caused by Cochliobolus sativusis considered a major disease problem of wheat(Triticum aestivumL.) in the warm areas of South Asia. This study estimated heritability (h 2) of resistance to spot blotch and its correlation with days to heading DH) and maturity (DM), one-hundred-kernel weight (HKW), and plant height (PHT) in 14 crosses involving four resistant (‘Attila’, ‘Chirya 7’, ‘G 162’, and ‘SW89.5422’) and two susceptible (‘Sonalika’ and ‘HD2329’) wheat genotypes. Data were recorded on F5and F6lines in fields under natural epidemics of spot blotch in 2003 and 2004, respectively. Heritability was estimated for area under disease progress curve (AUDPC), AUDPC/day, and the highest disease score (HDS) using offspring-parent regression (h op 2) and realized heritability (h 2 R) procedures. Heritability estimates were low to high in terms of AUDPC (0.21 < h op 2< 0.64; 0.32 < h R 2< 0.70), AUDPC/day (0.40 < h op 2< 0.96; 0.42 < h R 2< 0.99), and HDS (0.29 < h op 2< 0.92; 0.32 < h R 2< 0.95). The h 2estimates for AUDPC/day were higher than for AUDPC and HDS. Estimates of h R 2were by and large higher than h op 2in the same cross. A weak negative or nonsignificant correlation of spot blotch score with HKW, DH, DM, and PHT indicated that independent selection for resistance and these agronomic traits is possible.  相似文献   

5.
This study compared the meiotic recombination frequency between wheat doubled haploid (DH) populations obtained through two different methods, maize pollination (MP♀) and anther culture (AC♂). The comparison was based on a genetic linkage analysis, performed with DNA markers. Thirty-five polymorphic markers (15 SSR, 15 AFLP, 5 RAPD) were screened in MP♀ and AC♂ doubled haploids populations, derived from the same hybrid genotype (F1 of ‘Eta’ × ‘Darkhan 15’). Nine linkage groups, comprising 35 loci (the MP♀ lines) and 31 loci (the AC♂ lines), were constructed. The linkage groups in both DH populations showed identical orders of markers, except for one group mapping to chromosome 6B. The MP♀ and AC♂ linkage maps differed significantly in recombination frequencies for corresponding intervals. In total, the AC♂ linkage map (495.5 cM) was 40.5% longer than the MP♀ map (352.8 cM), indicating a significantly higher meiotic recombination rate in pollen mother cells. The enhancement in recombination was visible in five of nine linkage groups, and in 7 intervals between individual loci out of 19 compared. Moreover, for 6 other intervals a lack of linkage was observed in the AC♂ population, as compared to the MP♀ map.  相似文献   

6.
‘Ogura radish’, a cytoplasmic genetic male sterile line, was crossed with four local and three Japanese cultivars to identify maintainer lines. Out of seven F1 families, one cross involving a local cultivar, Aushi, produced 100% male sterile (MS) progeny. The crosses involving the other two local cultivars, Tangail Local and Kuni, produced about 90% MS progeny, indicating the presence of maintainer gene(s) for male sterility. The fourth local cultivar, Tasaki, produced 100% male fertile (MF) progeny. All three exotic cultivars appeared to possess the chromosomal gene(s) for controlling the male sterility. In BC1, BC2 and BC3 generations, segregation of MS plants were more frequent when ‘Aushi’ was used as recurrent parent. The expression of male sterility was not affected by seasonal influences. Thus the local cultivar ‘Aushi’ may be used as maintainer line for ‘Ogura radish’. To produce hybrid seed, ‘Tasaki’ can be used as pollinator line as it exhibit high heterosis with ‘Aushi’. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

7.
Complementary genes for purple grain colour Pp1, Pp2, Pp3 (now designated Pp1, Pp3b, Pp3a, respectively) were mapped using crosses between purple-grained hexaploid wheats ‘Purple Feed’ – Pp1Pp1/Pp2Pp2 (Pp1Pp1/Pp3bPp3b), ‘Purple’ – Pp1Pp1/Pp3Pp3 (Pp1Pp1/Pp3aPp3a) with non-purple-grained cultivars ‘Novosibirskaya 67’ (‘N67’) and ‘Saratovskaya 29’ (‘S29’). The genes Pp2 (Pp3b) and Pp3 (Pp3a) were inherited as monofactorial dominant when purple-grained wheats were crossed to ‘N67’. Both were mapped in the centromeric region of the chromosome 2A. Therefore, they were suggested being different alleles at the same locus and designated Pp3a and Pp3b. In the crosses between purple-grained wheats and ‘S29’ a segregation ratio of 9 (purple) to 7 (non purple) was obtained suggesting a complementary interaction of two dominant genes, Pp1 and Pp3. To map Pp1 as a single gene, the influence of the other Pp gene was taken into consideration by determining the Pp3 genotype of the F2 plants. The gene was mapped on chromosome 7BL, about 24 cM distal to the centromere. The Pp1gene was shown to be non allelic to the Rc-1 (red coleoptile) and Pc (purple culm) genes, contrary to what was previously suggested. The colouration caused by the Pp genes has no effect on pre-harvest sprouting.  相似文献   

8.
Summary Extensive linkage maps, consisting primarily of molecular markers, are being developed for apple, pear, and grape varieties. The intrinsically high heterozygosity of outcrossing perennial species is utilized to produce segregating populations directly from a cross between varieties. Nearly complete linkage maps have been generated for the apple varieties ‘Rome Beauty’ and ‘White Angel’. The map for ‘Rome Beauty’ contains 161 molecular markers, while that for ‘White Angel’ has 251 markers. Maps for the pear varieties, ‘Bartlett’ and NY10353, also are being developed. Linkages conserved between the pear and apple genomes have been identified. In grapes, maps for four varieties are available, the most extensive being those for ‘Cayuga White’ and ‘Aurore’. The apple maps have been used to investigate the genetic basis of morphological and physiological characters. A gene controlling the presence of anthocyanins in the skin of the fruit is located on linkage group 3. Genes controlling early bud break, branching habit, and production of root suckers have also been identified and mapped.  相似文献   

9.
RAPD markers linked to a clubroot-resistance locus in Brassica rapa L.   总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10  
Linkage of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers with resistance genes to clubroot (Plasmodiophora brassicae Wor.) in Brassica rapa L. was studied in a doubled haploid (DH population obtained by microspore culture. Thirty-six DH lines were obtained from F1 plants from a cross between susceptible ‘Homei P09’ and resistant ‘Siloga S2’ plants. ‘Homei P09’ was a DH line obtained by microspore culture of the Chinese cabbage variety ‘Homei’, which is highly responsive in microspore culture. The resistant line ‘Siloga S2’ was obtained by two rounds of selfing of the fodder turnip ‘Siloga’. Three RAPD markers, RA12-75A, WE22B and WE49B, were found to be linked to a clubroot-resistance locus. These three markers were linked in the DH lines and an F2 population and should be useful for marker-assisted selection in breeding programs. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

10.
The inheritance of the resistance to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melonis (F.o.m.) races 0 and 2 in ‘Tortuga’, a Spanish cantalupensis accession, was studied from crosses of ‘Tortuga’ by the susceptible line ‘Piel de Sapo’ and the resistant one ‘Charentais-Fom1’ that carries the resistance gene Fom-1. The segregation patterns observed in the F2 (‘Tortuga’ × ‘Piel de Sapo’) and the backcross (‘Piel de Sapo’ × (‘Tortuga’ × ‘Piel de Sapo’) populations, suggest that resistance of ‘Tortuga’ to races 0 and 2 of F.o.m. is conferred by two independent genes: one dominant and the other recessive. In the F2 derived from the cross between accessions ‘Tortuga’ and ‘Charentais-Fom1’, the lack of susceptible plants indicated that the two accessions are carrying the same resistance gene (Fom-1). The analysis of 158 F2 plants (‘Tortuga’ × ‘Piel de Sapo’) with a Cleaved Amplified Polymorphic Sequence marker 618-CAPS, tightly linked to Fom-1 (0.9 cM), confirmed that ‘Tortuga’ also carries a recessive gene, that we propose to symbolize by fom-4.  相似文献   

11.
This study was conducted to expedite disease-resistance breeding in canola by screening haploid plants against blackleg disease. Microspore-derived haploid plantlets from 14 unrelated crosses were inoculated with Leptosphaeria maculans pycnidiospores and were rated as resistant, intermediate or susceptible. Blackleg-inoculated and control haploid plants were then colchicine-treated to produce doubled haploid (DH) lines. The DH lines thus produced were again screened against blackleg using the cotyledon bioassay. In general, the proportion of the resistant DH lines derived from selected resistant haploid plants was much higher than the proportion of resistant DH lines from control haploid populations. There was no detrimental effect on the survival of haploid plants after the combined treatment of blackleg inoculation and colchicine. The importance of the micro-environment on the final outcome of plant-pathogen interaction in case of non-obligate pathogens is also discussed.  相似文献   

12.
The mildew reactions of the second generation of doubled haploid (DH) plants, derived from anther culture of crosses among three spring barley lines carrying different Mla mildew resistance alleles and the cv. ‘Pallas’, were analyzed by using a set of three European and one Israeli mildew isolate. The results indicated, (1) a significant level of distortion segregation in favour of resistant DH genotypes, which was possibly due to linkage of mildew resistance genes on chromosome 5 with genes for plant regeneration and (2) various degrees of dominance for the different resistance genes studied as well as the possible action of modifier genes.  相似文献   

13.
Summary C. annuum L. ‘Serrano Criollo de Morelos-334’ (SCM-334) is a well-known source of resistance against pepper diseases, including Potato Virus Y (PVY). In this work, inheritance studies involving ‘SCM-334’ and related to PVY resistance were described. For this purpose, ‘SCM-334’ derived lines were used, and plant material from the cross between ‘SCM-334’ and ‘Yolo Wonder’ (YW) was employed as well. Five PVY isolates were used for the inoculations. The first resistance described is a monogenic and recessive gene, controlling a specific-isolate resistance, and provisionally named as pvr1 4. The second one is related to the inheritance of systemic necrotic symptoms after PVY inoculation. In this case a codominant gene is proposed and expressed only when the Pvr4 gene is not present.  相似文献   

14.
Framework genetic linkage maps of two progenitor species of cultivated sugarcane, Saccharum officinarum ‘La Striped’ (2n = 80) and S. spontaneum ‘SES 147B’ (2n = 64) were constructed using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP), sequence related amplified polymorphism (SRAP), and target region amplification polymorphism (TRAP) markers. The mapping population was comprised of 100 F1 progeny derived from the interspecific cross. A total of 344 polymorphic markers were generated from the female (S. officinarum) parent, out of which 247 (72%) were single-dose (segregating in a 1:1 ratio) and 33 (9%) were double-dose (segregating in a 3.3:1 ratio) markers. Sixty-four (19%) markers deviated from Mendelian segregation ratios. In the S. spontaneum genome, out of a total of 306 markers, 221 (72%) were single-dose, 43 (14%) were double-dose, and 42 markers (14%) deviated from Mendelian segregation ratios. Linkage maps with Kosambi map distances were constructed using a LOD score ≥5.0 and a recombination threshold of 0.45. In Saccharum officinarum, 146 markers were linked to form 49 linkage groups (LG) spanning 1732 cM whereas, in S. spontaneum, 121 markers were linked to form 45 LG spanning 1491 cM. The estimated genome size of S. officinarum ‘La Striped’ was 2448 cM whereas that of S. spontaneum ‘SES 147B’ was 3232 cM. Based on the two maps, genome coverage was 69% in S. officinarum and 46% in S. spontaneum. The S. officinarum parent ‘La Striped’ behaved like an auto-allopolyploid whereas S. spontaneum ‘SES 147B’ behaved like a true autopolyploid. Although a large disparity exists between the two genomes, the existence of simple duplex markers, which are heterozygous in both parents and segregate 3:1 in the progeny, indicates that pairing and recombination can occur between the two genomes. The study also revealed that, compared with AFLP, the SRAP and TRAP markers appear less effective at generating a large number of genome-wide markers for linkage mapping in sugarcane. However, SRAP and TRAP markers can be useful for QTL mapping because of their ability to target gene-rich regions of the genome, which is a focus of our future research.  相似文献   

15.
Preharvest sprouting (PHS) and dormancy (DOR) can be problems in barley production and end use quality, especially for barley used for seed and malting. Three crosses previously analyzed for DOR inheritance, were reanalyzed for PHS and DOR inheritance using artificial rain to calculate sprout score (SSc) and measure alpha-amylase activity (AA). Germination percentage of untreated grain for DOR was also measured. The crosses are ‘Steptoe’/’Morex’ (previously published), ‘Harrington’/TR306, and ‘Triumph’/Morex. Among the three crosses, DOR QTLs were located to six and PHS QTLs to five chromosomes, respectively. Chromosome 6H was never implicated. Previously identified DOR QTLs were confirmed in each cross, and most PHS QTLs coincided with DOR QTLs, but not all. Unique PHS QTLs were identified on chromosomes 1H (AA), 2H (SSc, AA), 3H (SSc, AA), and 7H (SSc, AA) and unique DOR QTLs on 1H, 2H, and 7H. Results indicate that PHS susceptibility and DOR are not always represented by opposite alleles at a locus. Some QTL regions for a given trait are conserved across crosses and some are not. Several QTLs are suitable for marker-assisted selection to balance PHS and DOR in breeding new cultivars.  相似文献   

16.
Growth trials were conducted outdoors in the UK to determine the yield, yield components and plant architectural differences between determinate and indeterminate Phaseolus vulgaris bean plants. F3 lines derived from crosses between ‘Prelude’, a determinate cultivar and ‘V8’, an indeterminate landrace, were grown together with the parents and ‘Carioca’, an indeterminate landrace from Brazil. Data were recorded on flowering date, number of nodes on main stem at flowering, plant height at maturity, number of pods/plant, number of seeds/pod, number of seeds/plant, 100-seed weight, seed mass/plant, percentages of diseased and healthy seeds/plant. Determinate F3 lines had significantly lower (P < 0.05) seed mass/plant, fewer pods/plant, fewer seeds/pod, fewer seeds/plant, lower harvest index, shorter stems, earlier date of flowering, fewer nodes at flowering and fewer healthy seeds/plant than indeterminate F3 lines. However, determinate genotypes had significantly larger (P < 0.05) pods to accommodate their larger seeds compared with indeterminate lines. A similar situation was found when the yield and yield components of ‘V8’, ‘Prelude’ and ‘Carioca’ were evaluated; the highest seed mass/plant was given by ‘V8’ and the lowest by ‘Prelude’. Furthermore, some indeterminate genotypes with Type IV growth habit yielded significantly higher (P < 0.05) than the high-yielding parent, ‘V8’, indicating a positive influence on seed yield by crossing different genotypes.  相似文献   

17.
Sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP), simple sequence repeats (SSR), inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR), peroxidase gene polymorphism (POGP), resistant gene analog (RGA), randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), and a morphological marker, Alternaria brown spot resistance gene of citrus named as Cabsr caused by (Alternaria alternata f. sp. Citri) were used to establish genetic linkage map of citrus using a population of 164 F1 individuals derived between ‘Clementine’ mandarin (Citrus reticulata Blanco ‘Clementine) and ‘Orlando’ tangelo’ (C. paradisi Macf. ‘Duncan’ × C. reticulata Blanco ‘Dancy’). A total of 609 markers, including 385 SRAP, 97 RAPD, 95 SSR, 18 ISSR, 12 POGP, and 2 RGA markers were used in linkage analysis. The ‘Clementine’ linkage map has 215 markers, comprising 144 testcross and 71 intercross markers placed in nine linkage groups. The ‘Clementine’ linkage map covered 858 cM with and average map distance of 3.5 cM between adjacent markers. The ‘Orlando’ linkage map has 189 markers, comprising 126 testcross and 61 intercross markers placed in nine linkage groups. The ‘Orlando’ linkage map covered 886 cM with an average map distance of 3.9 cM between adjacent markers. Segregation ratios for Cabsr were not significantly different from 1:1, suggesting that this trait is controlled by a single locus. This locus was placed in ‘Orlando’ linkage group 1. The new map has an improved distribution of markers along the linkage groups with fewer gaps. Combining different marker systems in linkage mapping studies may give better genome coverage due to their chromosomal target site differences, therefore fewer gaps in linkage groups.  相似文献   

18.
Caused by Aphanomyces cochlioides Drechsler, Aphanomyces root rot is a serious disease of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.), for which sources of resistance are scarce. To identify the segregation pattern of the rare resistance trait found in Japanese sugar beet line ‘NK-310mm-O’, F1 and BC1F2 seedings, drawn from a cross between ‘NK-310mm-O’ and susceptible line ‘NK-184mm-O’, were inoculated with zoospores and their survival evaluated in the greenhouse. Resistance segregation followed was that of a single dominant gene, which was designated Acr1 (Aphanomyces cochlioides resistance 1). Molecular markers tightly linked to Acr1 were identified by bulked segregant analysis of two BC1F2 populations. Fourteen AFLP markers linked to Acr1 were identified, the closest located within ±3.3 cM. Three F5 lines and two BC2F1 lines, selected on the basis of their Acr1-AFLP markers, were tested for their resistance to Aphanomyces root rot in a highly infested field. Results indicated that Acr1 conferred significant resistance to Aphanomyces root rot at the field level. Based on its linkage with CAPS marker tk, a representative marker for chromosome III, Acr1 was located on this chromosome. The clear linkage between tk and Rhizomania resistance trait Rz1, suggests the clustering of major disease resistance genes on chromosome III.  相似文献   

19.
Successful selection of interspecific hybrid progenies with superior ability to regenerate shoots from apical meristems was performed in sunflower which now allows for the development of lines for improved biotechnological applications. Early generations of interspecific hybrids originating from crosses between the two H. annuus CMS lines ‘HA89’ and ‘Baso’, and 9 wild species were screened for their ability to regenerate in vitro. Evaluation of 36 progenies allowed to identify seven progenies from crosses involving H. mollis, H. giganteus, H. strumosus, and H. decapetalus which showed a significantly higher regeneration potential than the commercial hybrid ‘Albena’ regarding the number of shoots per explant. Among these progenies, 47.2 to 62.4% of explants produced shoots with an average of 2.3 to 3.5 shoots per cultured explant. Regeneration in vitro was significantly determined by the genotype. More than half of the investigated interspecific hybrids performed better than the inbred ‘HA89’ demonstrating that the high regeneration potential available in the wild species can be efficiently transferred to cultivated sunflower. The seven progenies with high regeneration potential in vitro were characterised by agronomic performance in the field. Two of the interspecific hybrids derived from H. strumosus and H. decapetalus not only showed a superior regeneration potential but also proved to be competitive to commercial hybrids with regard to important agronomic traits, e.g. fat content and TGW. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

20.
J. Tang  R. Scarth 《Plant Breeding》2004,123(3):254-261
Acyl‐acyl carrier protein (ACP) thioesterase (TE) is involved in the biosynthetic fatty acid pathway of plants. Conventional canola lines transformed individually with the bay‐TE (Uc FatB1), elm‐TE (Ua FatB1), nutmeg‐TE (Mf FatB1) or Cuphea‐TE transgene (Ch FatB1), produce seed oil with modified fatty acid compositions. This study assessed the effects of genetic background, cytoplasm, maternal parent, and interaction of different TE transgenes, on the target fatty acids using F1 seeds and double haploid (DH) lines. The F1 seeds were produced by crossing four TE transgenic parental lines and three non‐transgenic cultivars with distinct fatty acid compositions. The DH lines were developed from microspores of F1 plants. DH lines from different crosses showed that genetic background does not have an effect on the relative levels of the target fatty acids of the same TE, indicating the stability of the substrate specificity of the TE within canola. However, significant effects of genetic background on the content of the major target fatty acids, lauric acid (C12:0) or palmitic acid (C16:0) depending on the TE, were observed. Expression of the TE in low erucic acid (C22:1) genotypes resulted in higher target fatty acid levels than expression in high C22:1 genotypes. Reciprocal crosses showed maternal effects, but not cytoplasmic effects. In addition, co‐expression of two different TE transgenes in the same seeds was observed. These results indicate the importance of selection for appropriate genetic backgrounds in order to maximize the expression of the target fatty acids of TE transgenes, and also indicate potential uses of TE co‐expression in modifying canola seed oil.  相似文献   

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