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1.
First-instar Earias vittella (Fab.) larvae were selected with fenvalerate and cypermethrin for 15 successive generations in the laboratory at 28(± 1)°C. The insect developed 7.8-fold resistance to fenvalerate and no resistance to cypermethrin. The fenvalerate-selected strain developed 2800-fold and 1200-fold cross-resistance to endosulfan and carbaryl, respectively. This strain, however, did not manifest cross-resistance to the organophosphorus insecticides, quinalphos, fenitrothion, monocrotophos and malathion, or to the synthetic pyrethroid, cypermethrin. The cypermethrin-selected strain acquired 5-, 4-, and 3-fold cross-resistance to endosulfan, fenvalerate and carbaryl, respectively and no cross-resistance to the above organophosphorus insecticides. 相似文献
2.
Cross-resistance of a fenvalerate-resistant (R-fenvalerate) strain and an imidacloprid-resistant (R-imidacloprid) strain of
the cotton aphidAphis gossypii Glover to methomyl, endosulfan and omethoate was determined on cotton and cucumber in the laboratory. The R-fenvalerate strain
had been selected for 16 consecutive generations on cotton, and the R-imidacloprid strain for 12. Compared with the susceptible
(S) strains, the resistance in the 17th generation of the R-fenvalerate strain to fenvalerate was 29,035-fold on cotton and
700-fold on cucumber, whereas the resistance in the 13th generation of the R-imidacioprid strain to imidacloprid was 4.7-fold
on cotton and 3.6-fold on cucumber. The R-fenvalerate strain did not show any cross-resistance to imidacloprid, methomyl or
omethoate on cotton and cucumber, but became slightly cross-resistant to endosulfan (RR [resistance ratio] = 5.8 and 7.4 on
cotton and cucumber, respectively). On cotton the R-imidacloprid strain became highly cross-resistant to fenvalerate (RR =
108.9) and slightly cross-resistant to methomyl, endosulfan and omethoate (RR = 6.3, 3.0 and 8.5, respectively). In contrast,
on cucumber the R-imidacloprid strain became highly cross-resistant to fenvalerate (RR = 33.5) and slightly cross-resistant
to methomyl and omethoate (RR = 7.0 and 3.3, respectively), but did not show any cross-resistance to endosulfan. It appears
thatA. gossypii of both resistant strains was more resistant to the tested insecticides on cotton than on cucumber, except for imidacloprid
—where the resistance on cotton was not significantly different from that on cucumber. 相似文献
3.
采用浸渍法,在室内用吡虫啉对桃蚜敏感种群进行抗性选育,经过15代的连续汰选,获得抗性指数为14.34倍的抗吡虫啉桃蚜种群。对9种常用杀虫剂的交互抗性测定结果表明,该种群对拟除虫菊酯类如高效氯氟氰菊酯(抗性指数12.76倍)和溴氰菊酯(10.24倍),有机磷类如氧乐果(7.95倍)、辛硫磷(5.44倍)和甲胺磷(5.32倍)以及吡虫啉·高效氯氰菊酯混剂(8.90倍)均产生了不同程度的交互抗性,而对氨基甲酸酯类如灭多威(3.15倍)、有机氯类如硫丹(1.64倍)以及阿维菌素·辛硫磷混剂(2.31倍)等无明显的交互抗性。 相似文献
4.
小菜蛾对阿维菌素B_1抗药性选育及交互抗性 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
用阿维菌素B_1(abamectin)对小菜蛾敏感种群在室内进行抗性品系选育。经过25代连续汰选,获得抗性种群Laba-R,与选育前比较,抗性提高100倍。Laba-R种群在不接触任何药剂条件下饲养20代,抗性逐渐下降,很难恢复到选育前的敏感状态。抗性汰选前后分别测定10种药剂的剂量-死亡率毒力回归线,发现Laba-R抗性种群对乙酰甲胺磷、锐劲特、灭多威、敌敌畏不存在交互抗性;对溴氰菊酯、氯氰菊酯、杀虫双、巴丹和Bt的敏感性略有下降,但无明显交互抗性。活体增效剂试验表明,增效醚(PBO)和磷酸三苯酯(TPP)对阿维菌素B_1均有明显的增效作用,其中PBO的增效活性尤为显著,它能使对阿维菌素B_1产生100多倍抗药性的小菜蛾完全恢复其敏感性。说明多功能氧化酶解毒代谢增强可能是小菜蛾对阿维菌素B_1产生抗性的主导因素之一。 相似文献
5.
小菜蛾对阿维菌素的抗性选育及交互抗性研究 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2
用阿维菌素对小菜蛾进行室内抗性汰选,选择压为约杀死种群70％的剂量。连续施药7～8次即表现抗性趋势,汰选至11代,获得抗性指数为80.71的抗性种群(ABM-R)。ABM-R种群对所测试的有机磷杀虫剂乙酰甲胺磷、有机氯类的硫丹、沙蚕毒素类的杀螟丹、氨基甲酸酯类的灭多威、微生物杀虫剂Bt、磺胺脲类衍生物丁醚脲、芳基取代的吡咯杂环化合物虫螨腈和昆虫生长调节剂定虫隆、虫酰肼无交互抗性(R/S为0.73～1.19),而对苯基吡唑类氟虫腈的敏感性却有所上升(R/S为0.22)。增效剂试验显示,PB和唧对ABM-S种群无增效作用,而对ABM-R种群增效作用显著,增效比分别为24.57和13.61,表明多功能氧化酶和羧酸酯酶在抗性机制中可能起重要作用。 相似文献
6.
烟粉虱对螺虫乙酯的抗性监测及交互抗性测定 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
为明确螺虫乙酯在湖北地区的抗性水平以及与其存在潜在交互抗性风险的常用药剂类型,采用着卵叶片浸渍法,于2013年对湖北省13个烟粉虱MEAM1和MED隐种地理种群对螺虫乙酯的抗药性进行了监测,并以室内敏感品系SUD-S为参照,对经螺虫乙酯连续17代抗性筛选的WH-2种群进行了交互抗性分析。结果表明:湖北省13个烟粉虱地理种群对螺虫乙酯均表现出极低的抗性,LC50介于0.015~0.081 mg/L之间;其中MED隐种WH-2种群对螺虫乙酯的抗性最高,LC50为0.081 mg/L。在室内用螺虫乙酯对MED隐种WH-2种群连续17代抗性筛选后,其对螺虫乙酯的抗性倍数上升约7倍。经螺虫乙酯筛选的WH-2种群对吡虫啉、乙酰甲胺磷、灭多威、氟氯氰菊酯、氰戊菊酯和氟啶虫胺腈均产生了低水平的交互抗性,抗性倍数分别为8.699、7.165、5.317、6.681、2.958、5.662倍,而对毒死蜱和阿维菌素无交互抗性。表明烟粉虱在湖北省部分地区对螺虫乙酯存在低水平抗性,且螺虫乙酯与部分常用杀虫剂存在交互抗性风险。 相似文献
7.
Muhammad Shahid Arain Pin-Jun Wan Muhammad Shakeel Muhammad Farooq Xing-Xing Hu Syed Ali Haider Shah Muhammad Esmail Abdalla Elzaki Guo-Qing Li 《Phytoparasitica》2017,45(1):103-111
The speed of toxic action of an insecticide is an indicator for control efficacy and has considerable practical importance. For agricultural pest control, fast-acting is an important feature for an insecticide to consistently reduce the amount of feeding damage. Butene-fipronil is a novel compound obtained via the structural modification of fipronil. However, information about the toxicity and speed of toxic action is still limited. In the present paper, we compared the toxic feature of butene-fipronil with seven other insecticides, of which imidacloprid and abamectin are slow-acting insecticides, and acephate, endosulfan, methomyl, α-cypermethrin and spinosad are fast-acting insecticides. We found that the contact and stomach toxicities of butene-fipronil were among the highest ever estimated to Leptinotarsa decemlineata and Drosophila melanogaster. The speed of toxic action of butene-fipronil was determined using median lethal time (LT50) at a dose (concentration) equivalent to LD80 values. For L. decemlineata, the values for butene-fipronil, imidacloprid, abamectin, acephate, endosulfan, methomyl, cypermethrin and spinosad were calculated to be 39.9, 36.5, 37.5, 20.2, 22.4, 23.8, 16.4 and 23.1 h, respectively. Those for D. melanogaster were 29.8, 31.5, 29.4, 14.0, 20.3, 18.1, 13.5, and 20.1 h, respectively. ANOVA analysis showed that butene-fipronil, imidacloprid, abamectin had similar LT50 values, whereas acephate, endosulfan, methomyl, spinosad and cypermethrin had comparable LT50 values. Thus, butene-fipronil belongs to slow-acting insecticides. Our results provide more empirical information for butene-fipronil potential application. 相似文献
8.
Insecticide resistance inHelicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is one of the most important constraints on cotton production in Turkey. We investigated
the susceptibility ofH. armigera strains collected from cotton fields in the Adana, Hatay and Antalya provinces to insecticides which are in wide use. LD50 values for tralomethrin, lambda-cyhalothrin, endosulfan, profenofos and methomyl were determined by topical bioassay. At
the LD50 levels, resistance ratios for tralomethrin were 24.7-, 19.7- and 15.7-fold in the Adana, Hatay, and Antalya strains, respectively;
and for lambda-cyhalothrin were 41-, 20-and 40-fold, respectively. Resistance ratios ranged from 1.2- to 2.1-fold in all field
strains for endosulfan, profenofos and methomyl, with no significant resistance. These results suggest the presence of resistance
to tralomethrin and lambda-cyhalothrin inH. armigera strains collected from cotton fields, but no resistance to endosulfan, profenofos or methomyl could be observed. 相似文献
9.
The genetic basis of abamectin resistance was studied in a strain of the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L), following laboratory selection of a field population collected at Xuanhua, Hebei Province, China. Data from the testing of F1 progeny from reciprocal crosses between abamectin-resistant and abamectin-susceptible strains indicated that resistance might be autosomal and incompletely recessive with a degree of dominance of -0.13. Chi-squared analyses from the response of a backcross of crossed F1 progeny and the resistant strain and F2 progeny were highly significant, suggesting that the resistance was probably controlled by more than one gene. The results of cross-resistance studies showed that there was little cross-resistance between abamectin and four pyrethroid insecticides (deltamethrin, beta-cypermethrin, fenvalerate and bifenthrin) and no cross-resistance between abamectin and the acylureas chlorfluazuron or flufenoxuron. 相似文献
10.
Xuelin Chen Linze Yuan Yuzhou Du Youjun Zhang Jianjun Wang 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》2011,101(1):34-38
Abamectin resistance was selected in the western flower thrips [Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande)] under the laboratory conditions, and cross-resistance patterns and possible resistance mechanisms in the abamectin-resistant strain (ABA-R) were investigated. Compared with the susceptible strain (ABA-S), the ABA-R strain displayed 45.5-fold resistance to abamectin after 15 selection cycles during 18 generations. Rapid reversion of abamectin resistance was observed in the ABA-R strain in the absence of the insecticide selection pressure. Moderate and low levels of cross-resistance to chlorpyrifos (RR 11.4) and lambda-cyhalothrin (3.98) were observed in the ABA-R strain, but no significant cross-resistance was found to spinosad (2.00), acetamiprid (1.47) and chlorfenapyr (0.26). Our studies also showed that the esterase inhibitor S,S,S-tributyl phosphorotrithioate (DEF) and glutathione S-transferase inhibitor diethyl maleate (DEM) were not able to synergize the toxicity of abamectin, whereas the oxidase inhibitor piperonyl butoxide (PBO) conferred a significant synergism on abamectin in the ABA-R strain (SR 3.00). Biochemical analysis showed that cytochrome P450 monooxygenase activity of the ABA-R strain was 6.66-fold higher than that of the ABA-S strain. It appears that enhanced oxidative metabolism mediated by cytochrome P450 monooxygenases was a major mechanism for abamectin resistance in the western flower thrips. 相似文献
11.
12.
西花蓟马抗甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐种群的交互抗性与生化抗性机制 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5
为了解西花蓟马Frankliniella occidentalis(Pergande)对甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐的抗性风险,采用生物和生化测定方法研究了西花蓟马甲维盐抗性种群与其它杀虫剂的交互抗性和生化抗性机制。西花蓟马甲维盐抗性种群对阿维菌素有高水平交互抗性,抗性倍数为31.656,对啶虫脒有中等水平交互抗性,为12.182,对吡虫啉、溴虫腈、氯氟氰菊酯、毒死蜱和灭多威有低水平交互抗性,为5.517~8.568,而对多杀菌素无明显交互抗性。增效剂胡椒基丁醚(PBO)、马来酸二乙酯(DEM)、三丁基三硫磷酸酯(DEF)和磷酸三苯酯(TPP)对甲维盐抗性种群和田间种群均有显著增效作用。甲维盐抗性种群多功能氧化酶细胞色素P450和b5含量、O-脱甲基酶、谷胱甘肽S-转移酶和羧酸酯酶活性均显著提高,分别为敏感种群的3.89、3.61、5.32、4.42和1.30倍,表明多功能氧化酶、谷胱甘肽S-转移酶和羧酸酯酶等解毒代谢酶活性的提高是西花蓟马对甲维盐产生抗性的重要机制。 相似文献
13.
A. Jagadish 《Phytoparasitica》1978,6(2):45-50
0.02% a.i. dicrotophos and dimethoate, 0.025% a.i. demeton-S-methyl, thiometon, chlorfenvinphos and methomyl, and 0.03% a.i. phosphamidon were evaluated in the field for control of aphids (Myzus persicae Sulzer) infesting tobacco. All the insecticides were effective but chlorfenvinphos and methomyl were inferior to the rest. 0.03% and 0.06% a.i. endosulfan and trichlorfon, 0.05% and 0.1% a.i. carbaryl, and 0.025% and 0.05% a.i. methomyl were evaluated in the field for control of caterpillars ofSpodoptera litura (F.) defoliating tobacco. Nearly all the insecticides were effective and carbaryl and trichlorfon gave satisfactory control even at the lower concentrations tested. 相似文献
14.
用点滴法测定了 13种杀虫剂对中华草蛉 (Chrysopa sinia (Jieder) )幼虫的毒力 ,按敏感性由高至低依次为 :久效磷、氯氟氰菊酯、灭多威、丙溴磷、辛硫磷 >氧乐果、甲基对硫磷、甲基毒死蜱 >硫丙磷 >抑太保 >氰戊菊酯 >阿维菌素及硫丹。同时测定了多种药剂对棉铃虫 (H elicoverp a armigera Hübner)、棉蚜 (Aphis gossyp ii Glover)的毒力 ,证明多数有机磷杀虫剂及灭多威为非选择性药剂 ;具有选择性的药剂中 ,硫丹选择性最高 ,其次为氰戊菊酯。氯氟氰菊酯对中华草蛉与棉铃虫表现出一定程度的选择性 ,但对中华草蛉与棉蚜则表现为非选择性 ;随棉蚜抗药性提高 ,各药剂选择性降低。 相似文献
15.
Nigel J. Armes John A. Wightman Deepak R. Jadhav Gangavalli V. Ranga Rao 《Pest management science》1997,50(3):240-248
Twenty-two strains of the tobacco caterpillar, Spodoptera litura (F.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), collected from groundnut crops of eight locations in Andhra Pradesh, India, between 1991 and 1996 were assayed in the F1 generation for resistance to commonly used insecticides. Resistance levels ranged as follows: cypermethrin, 0·2- to 197-fold; fenvalerate, 8- to 121-fold; endosulfan, 1-to 13-fold; quinalphos, 1- to 29-fold; monocrotophos, 2- to 362-fold and methomyl, 0·7- to 19-fold. In nearly all strains pre-treatment with the metabolic inhibitor, piperonyl butoxide, resulted in complete suppression of cypermethrin resistance (2- to 121-fold synergism), indicating that enhanced detoxification by microsomal P450-dependent monooxygenases was probably the major mechanism of pyrethroid resistance. Pre-treatment with the synergist DEF, an inhibitor of esterases and the glutathione S-transferase system, resulted in a 2- to 3-fold synergism with monocrotophos indicating that esterases and possibly glutathione S-transferases were at least to some extent contributing to organophosphate resistance. © 1997 SCI. 相似文献
16.
Mohsen A. El-Guindy Mostafa M. Abdel-Sattar Abdel Rahman M. El-Refai 《Pest management science》1983,14(3):235-245
The rate of development of resistance to diflubenzuron in a laboratory susceptible strain of the cotton leafworm Spodoptera littoralis Boisd., the pattern of cross-resistance exhibited by the resistant strain to several insecticides and juvenile hormone analogues, as well as the synergistic action of piperonyl butoxide (PB) and S, S, S-tributyl phosphorotrithioate (TBP) with insecticides or diflubenzuron on both strains, were investigated. Resistance to diflubenzuron increased slightly in the first eight selected generations and was enhanced by further selection until in generation 30, the selected strain attained the high level of resistance of 290.7-fold, compared with the parent strain. The resistant strain when challenged with either insecticides or juvenile hormone analogues at selected generations (5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30) exhibited different levels of resistance to several insecticides representing organochlorine and organo-phosphorus compounds, carbamates and pyrethroids, but a clear case of negative correlation was indicated between resistance to diflubenzuron and juvenile hormone analogues. With regard to the synergistic action of PB and TBP on the toxicity of either diflubenzuron or insecticides against the fourth-instar larvae of the susceptible strain, methomyl showed slight levels of synergism when it was combined with them. With the exception of cypermethrin, which was not affected by the two synergists, lower levels of synergism were observed with the compounds endrin, diflubenzuron and fenvalerate when they were combined with the same synergists. These two synergists however, antagonised the toxic action of the organophosphorus compounds phosfolan and chlorpyrifos. Against the resistant strain, endrin was moderately synergised by TBP but only slightly by PB. Slight levels of synergism were observed when methomyl, phosfolan and diflubenzuron were combined with either synergist, but both antagonised chlorpyrifos and fenvalerate. Resistance to diflubenzuron and to the other tested chemicals in the resistant strain was scarcely affected by the two synergists. 相似文献
17.
Response of western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande), to selection for resistance to insecticides commonly used to control this pest in Murcia (south-east Spain) was studied under field and laboratory conditions. In the field, plots within sweet pepper crops in commercial and experimental greenhouses were treated under different selection strategies: insecticide rotation versus formetanate reiteration, formetanate reiteration versus acrinathrin reiteration, and formetanate reiteration versus methiocarb reiteration. Thrips populations were sampled monthly and bioassayed against methiocarb, methamidophos, acrinathrin, endosulfan, deltamethrin and formetanate. In the laboratory, F occidentalis strains were selected against each insecticide for several generations. To evaluate cross-resistance, each selected strain was bioassayed with the other insecticides. Frankliniella occidentalis populations showed a rapid development of acrinathrin resistance, reaching high levels in field and laboratory conditions. Formetanate and methiocarb resistance were also observed, although development was slower and at moderate levels. Cross-resistances between acrinathrin/deltamethrin and acrinathrin/formetanate were detected under field and laboratory conditions. Formetanate/methiocarb cross-resistance was suspected in laboratory selections, but not in field assays. Simultaneous moderate resistance levels to the three specific insecticides against thrips (formetanate, methiocarb and acrinathrin) were shown in laboratory selection strains, indicating a general mechanism of resistance, probably metabolic. 相似文献
18.
Mohsen A. El-Guindy Mostafa M. Abdel-Sattar Abdel Rahman M. El-Refai 《Pest management science》1983,14(3):246-252
The joint action of insecticides, or of mixtures of insect growth regulators and insecticides, on the susceptible (S) strain and diflubenzuron-resistant (Rd) strain of the cotton leafworm Spodoptera littoralis Boisd. was investigated. The joint action of the insecticides and/or insect growth regulator mixtures was determined by mixing them in proportion to their activity equivalents at the LD25 or ED25 levels. A total of 15 mixtures of two synthetic pyrethroids, two organophosphorus, one carbamate and one organochlorine insecticides, were applied to the fourth-instar larvae of the S and Rd strains. The insecticide mixtures cypermethrin/methomyl and cypermethrin/endrin exhibited high and moderate levels of synergism on the S strain, respectively. However the mixtures chlorpyrifos/methomyl, phosfolan/methomyl, and phosfolan/endrin produced antagonism, while the other mixtures showed varying levels of additive effects. The response of the fourth-instar larvae of the S strain, to the joint action of diflubenzuron/juvenoid, diflubenzuron/insecticide, or insecticide/juvenoid mixtures, revealed that diflubenzuron produced high levels of synergism when combined with methoprene and progressively less with fenvalerate, methomyl and cypermethrin. On the other hand, the mixture diflubenzuron/triprene was antagonistic. Fenvalerate with the two juvenoids produced synergism while methomyl showed an additive effect with methoprene. However, the mixtures cypermethrin/methoprene, cypermethrin/triprene and methomyl/triprene produced antagonism. The mixtures that produced potentiation on the fourth-instar larvae of the S strain lost their high potency when tested against the Rd strain. The results also indicated that insecticide/juvenoid mixtures, when applied on 2-day-old pupae of the S strain, were synergistic, except in the case of cypermethrin/methoprene and methomyl/triprene mixtures, for which additive effects were observed. When the mixtures that had synergistic effects on the S strain were tested on the Rd strain, the results revealed that their synergistic effects were apparently reduced. This was attributed to the fact that the generalised levels of tolerance in the Rd strain towards various compounds may have influenced the several defence mechanisms to act against the synergistic action of the chemical mixtures. 相似文献
19.
20.
Christiane N. Gouamene-LamineKyong Sup Yoon J. Marshall Clark 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》2003,76(1):15-23
As resistance to currently used insecticides increases in the Colorado potato beetle (CPB), Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say), abamectin and its 4″-epi and 8,9-oxide analogs may serve as likely replacements if proven effective. We previously selected an abamectin-resistant strain of CPB (AB-F) that is suitable for the determination of cross-resistance to these two bioactive avermectin analogs. Using bioassay and logit analysis, the present work shows that, on average and following normalization by weight, the larval stages of the insecticide-susceptible SS strain are equally sensitive to the toxic action of abamectin and its 4″-epi and 8,9-oxide analogs, indicating that all three compounds retain high bioactivity towards the susceptible larval stages. Abamectin and the two analogs also are similar in toxicity to the larval stages of the AB-F strain. However, the AB-F larval stages are significantly less sensitive on average to these insecticides than the SS larval stages, indicating resistance to abamectin and cross-resistance to both the two analogs tested. Likewise, adults of the AB-F strain are significantly less sensitive to the toxic action of abamectin and the two analogs compared to SS adults, also indicative of resistance and cross-resistance. Abamectin is significantly more toxic, however, to both SS and AB-F adults, respectively, than either of the two analogs. The reduction in sensitivity was particularly evident in SS adults to both the 4″-epi and 8,9-oxide analogs. Additionally, adults of the SS strain are significantly less sensitive to the toxic action of abamectin and the two analogs when compared to SS larval stages. There is no significant differences, however, in the toxicity of these three insecticides, respectively, between larval and adults stages of the AB-F strain. This phenomenon results in lower resistance ratio (RR) values calculated for the two avermectin analogs compared to those calculated for abamectin regardless of the insect stage examined but is particularly evident and significant in the adult stage. This relative decrease in resistance levels is primarily associated with SS adults that are less sensitive to the toxic action of these insecticides. The decrease in abamectin toxicity is apparently due to significantly increased levels of P450 associated with SS adults versus forth instars and to similar levels in adults of the SS and AB-F strains. Because abamectin resistance in CPB is due in large part to enhanced oxidative metabolism of abamectin, it is likely that the SS adults are more tolerant to abamectin due to an enhanced level of oxidative detoxification. Finally, neither abamectin nor the two analogs are structurally protected at the specific molecular locations, C3″, C24, and C26 carbons, which leads to enhanced oxidative metabolism, resistance and cross-resistance. Structurally-protected avermectin analogs at these vulnerable intramolecular sites are likely to be more effective insecticides in suppressing the development of oxidative detoxification-based resistance to abamectin, as would the use of oxidative synergists. 相似文献