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1.
The ionospheric delay error is a major error source which degrades the positioning accuracy in network real time kinematic (RTK) positioning over a long distance. Different approaches are proposed to estimate GPS errors based on GPS reference network, such as virtual reference stations (VRSs) and network corrections. A new method is used to model the ionospheric total electronic content (TEC) distribution in space. Unlike most ionospheric models, only the ionospheric delays along the satellite tracks are modelled. Therefore, the models are of high precise resolution of the ionospheric TEC distribution in both spatial and temporal scales. A new algorithm is used to solve the equation singularity problem. Experiments demonstrate that the new ionospheric correction method can be used to describe the ionospheric variation at a low latitude area where ionospheric activities are strong. Also, the accuracy of the ionospheric model is enough to support centimeter-level positioning within the network. As ionospheric models are satellite-based models (each satellite has one model), the model parameters can be easily incorporated with the existing differential GPS Radio Technical Commission for Maritime Service (DGPS RTCM) 104 format.  相似文献   

2.
在6个节点基础上应用组合差商方法构造了求解对流方程的一类差分格式,该类差分格式包括了一个隐式差分格式和一个半显差分格式,这两个格式均由包括6个节点的两组线性无关的差商构成,具有精度高、相对误差很小、计算简单、工作量少、编程简便等优美特点.详细地分析了差分格式的稳定性,给出了两个数值实例,并对实例中的误差做了图表展示.
Abstract：
A new group of compact difference schemes containing three parameters of the third order is given for the convection problems with constant coefficient. These difference schemes contain an implicit difference scheme and a semi-significant difference scheme. Both schemes consist of two difference quotients, each containing 6 nodal points. This method is characterized by high accuracy, small relative error [their truncation error is as low as O(τ~3 +h~3)], simplicity in calculation, low workload and convenience in writing programs. The scheme is applicable for solving convective equations with constant coefficients.  相似文献   

3.
In order to evaluate the quality of water environment, the conception of entropy is applied in information science, and the entropy weight model is built to evaluate comprehensively water quality. The indexes weights of water quality are determined by value of entropy. This kind of method is applied on evaluating water quality in the new water to be built. The result shows that the water quality in it which supply water is between grade Ⅲ and Ⅳ, and the result is similar to that of gray related method.  相似文献   

4.
In order to compensate for the deficiency of Sine Pulse Width Modulation（SPWM）, on the base of analyzing the principle of space w tot pulse width modulation and being compared with SPWM, the method of solving working time of adjacent vector and the method of generate space voltage vector were introduced. The experiment to the inverter which consists of IGBT proves that SVPWM centrol algorithm can reduce harmonic effectively, it is beneficial to enhancing the utilization rate of voltage source inverter direct current power supply.  相似文献   

5.
Somatic cell counts （SCCs） levels indicate the occurrence of infections in goat udders and are related to the productivity of goat milk, cheese and yoghurt. This work presents a segmentation method for counting somatic cells in goat milk images, intending to detect an infection known as mastiffs, which is the major cause of loss in dairy farming. The image segmentation procedure is devised by using the lab color space and the watershed transform. A large number of samples under variable preparation conditions are treated with the proposed method. A comparison between manual and the proposed technique is presented. Promising results indicates that video-microscopy systems may be employed to develop automated SCC for goat milk.  相似文献   

6.
Three techniques of root pressure probe, pressure chamber and high pressure flow meter were used to measure the hydraulic conductivities （Lpr） of whole root systems of young maize （Zea mays L.） seedlings grown hydroponically under either drought or normal water conditions. Compared to normal water conditions, drought stress simulated by polyethylene glycol 6 000 （osmotic potential =-0.2 MPa） reduced Lpr in the root system by over 50%. It indicated that water permeability in the roots decreased significantly when plants suffered from water shortages. Moreover, there was no significant difference （P〈 0.05） on the Lpr values in the root systems developed under a given water stress regime among the three techniques used. Therefore, all three methods are acceptable to study the hydraulic conductivity of maize seedling root systems. We have also highlighted some of the technical limitations of each method. It can be inferred that the root pressure probe is preferable for young maize seedlings because it is subtle and has the additional ability to determine solute transport properties, but the method is time consuming. Other advantages and disadvantages of each technique are discussed in order to acquaint researchers with basic information that could contribute to their choice of an appropriate technique for future studies.  相似文献   

7.
The grain production prediction is one of the most important links in precision agriculture. In the process of grain production prediction, mechanical noise caused by the factors of difference in field topography and mechanical vibration will be mixed in the original signal, which undoubtedly will affect the prediction accuracy. Therefore, in order to reduce the influence of vibration noise on the prediction accuracy, an adaptive Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition (EEMD) threshold filtering algorithm was applied to the original signal in this paper: the output signal was decomposed into a finite number of Intrinsic Mode Functions (IMF) from high frequency to low frequency by using the Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) algorithm which could effectively restrain the mode mixing phenomenon; then the demarcation point of high and low frequency IMF components were determined by Continuous Mean Square Error criterion (CMSE), the high frequency IMF components were denoised by wavelet threshold algorithm, and finally the signal was reconstructed. The algorithm was an improved algorithm based on the commonly used wavelet threshold. The two algorithms were used to denoise the original production signal respectively, the adaptive EEMD threshold filtering algorithm had significant advantages in three denoising performance indexes of signal denoising ratio, root mean square error and smoothness. The five field verification tests showed that the average error of field experiment was 1.994% and the maximum relative error was less than 3%. According to the test results, the relative error of the predicted yield per hectare was 2.97%, which was relative to the actual yield. The test results showed that the algorithm could effectively resist noise and improve the accuracy of prediction.  相似文献   

8.
In order to realize automatic and accurate grading of cucumber, the first thing is to make sure the high accuracy and integrity in cucumber shape segmentation. As the core processor of this dissertation, DSP TMS320DM6437 acquired and processed digital image, it solved the common shadowing problem associated with the natural light. Ultimately, the background subtraction was proposed. Compared with the result of above-mentioned image data processing, the error rate of classic background subtraction method was often high. The result of optimization showed that the improved background subtraction method worked well, and it could meet an accurate segmentation of the fruit in comparison with the original methods.  相似文献   

9.
Owing to overcoming the characteristics that there are many economic and technical indexes which are fuzzy and incompatibility to each other in evaluating investment project,a new method is proposed. The method is based on the matter-element analysis and combined with the concepts of fuzzy mathematics, which is called the method of fuzzy matter-element analysis. It constructs the compound fuzzy matter element with the investment projects ,evaluation factors and their fuzzy value. Through establishing the best subjection degree (fuzzy value).complex fuzzy matter element of relational coefficient and weight aggregation of fuzzy matter-element model ,the writer achieves on optimum order of the investment projects according to the calculated relational degree and finds the best project. In this paper ,the calculation of weight adopts the analytical hierarchy process method (AHP). Through the actual example ,it shows that the model is simple and its calculation is reliable. It is very significant for the engineering evaluated bid and investment decision.  相似文献   

10.
During the desing of channel transect,the paper brings forward golden section method,which is 0.618 methods.In order to reduce the calculation volume of the natural depth of water h0 and bottom^- width b which apply trial calculation method and graphic method,and improve the calculate precision,the mathematical model has been built up,the writer combines example to explain the train of thought,the result shows that the calculation precision is high,the correctness is tested and verfied by the result which is calculated by hand.It can be referred to the hydroelectric works.  相似文献   

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