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为了研究碱偏离型恩诺沙星注射液对人工感染大肠杆菌O78雏鸡的治疗作用,本试验以8日龄的雏鸡为试验动物,腹腔注射一定剂量的O78菌悬液,建立雏鸡大肠杆菌人工感染模型,然后给予不同剂量碱偏离型恩诺沙星注射液对其进行治疗试验。结果显示,给予1.75mg/kg碱偏离型恩诺沙星注射液进行预防给药,其增重率显著升高,增重率和有效率分别为102.45%和100%;给予1.75mg/kg碱偏离型恩诺沙星注射液进行治疗给药,雏鸡增重率、治愈率和有效率分别为93.34%、70%和83%,试验证明,碱偏离型恩诺沙星注射液能有效防治人工感染雏鸡大肠杆菌病,为兽医临床应用碱偏离型恩诺沙星注射液治疗雏鸡大肠杆菌病提供了理论依据。 相似文献
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鸡大肠杆菌病研究：I.鸡E.Coli人工感染模型的建立及致病力评价 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
本文对分离自典型大肠杆菌病变和粪便的４５株Ｅ．Ｃｏｌｉ通过４日龄雏鸡人工感染试验建立了大肠杆菌病的人工感染模型，并对菌株的致病性进行评价。结果表明：４日龄雏鸡颈部皮下接种０．２ｍｌ菌液，接种后，前６５ｈ内雏鸡死亡率≥６０％的菌株为强致病力菌株；死亡率〈６０％，或出现典型大肠杆菌病变为中等致病力菌株；试验期不引起雏鸡死亡也无病变者为无致病力大肠杆菌。试验的１３株分离自粪便的菌株，２株为中等致病力，１ 相似文献
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【目的】 探究大肠杆菌噬菌体BP16对O2血清型禽致病性大肠杆菌感染引起的鸡大肠杆菌病的防治效果, 以及噬菌体BP16的最佳治疗剂量。【方法】 将O2血清型禽致病性大肠杆菌新鲜培养物稀释成5×1010、5×109、5×108、5×107和5×106 CFU/mL 5个浓度梯度, 以测定禽致病性大肠杆菌的半数致死量(LD50), 确定其感染剂量; 选取常用的对革兰阴性菌有抑菌或杀菌作用的药敏纸片进行药敏试验, 筛选出阳性对照药物; 经无菌试验和安全性试验确定噬菌体裂解液的无菌性及安全性, 用于后续试验。将80只雏鸡随机分为5个试验组与3个对照组, 试验组在雏鸡攻毒前后不同时间腹腔注射大肠杆菌噬菌体BP16, 3个对照组分别腹腔注射氟苯尼考、大肠杆菌菌液、生理盐水, 其余条件一致, 连续饲养7 d, 记录雏鸡的死亡率, 评价大肠杆菌噬菌体BP16对大肠杆菌人工感染试验鸡的防治效果。【结果】 O2血清型大肠杆菌的LD50为1.5×108 CFU/mL, 筛选出氟苯尼考作为阳性对照药物, 噬菌体裂解液中无菌, 噬菌体悬液对雏鸡安全, 可用于后续防治试验。雏鸡感染大肠杆菌前6 h使用噬菌体能有效预防大肠杆菌病, 在感染同时至感染后6 h内使用噬菌体, 能有效治疗大肠杆菌病, 且噬菌体治疗效果优于氟苯尼考; 当大肠杆菌攻毒剂量为1.5×108 CFU时, 噬菌体剂量为1.5×109 PFU时治疗效果为最佳。【结论】 大肠杆菌噬菌体BP16对大肠杆菌病具有防治作用, 本研究为进一步应用噬菌体防治大肠杆菌病及开发大肠杆菌噬菌体制剂提供了科学依据。 相似文献
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鸡大肠杆菌病研究Ⅰ．鸡E．Coli人工感染模型的建立及致病力评价 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本文对分离自典型大肠杆菌病变和粪便的４５株Ｅ．Ｃｏｌｉ通过４日龄雏鸡人工感染试验建立了大肠杆菌病的人工感染模型，并对菌株的致病性进行评价。结果表明：４日龄雏鸡颈部皮下接种０．２ｍｌ菌液，接种后，前６５ｈ内雏鸡死亡率≥６０％的菌株为强致病力菌株；死亡率＜６０％，或出现典型大肠杆菌病变为中等致病力菌株；试验期不引起雏鸡死亡也无病变者为无致病力大肠杆菌。试验的１３株分离自粪便的苗株，２株为中等致病力，１１株为无致病力；３２株分离自典型病变的菌，９株为强致病力菌，１５株为中等致病力，８株为无致病力。 相似文献
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1日龄雏鸡120只,随机分为6组,用不同的方法处理后,对各组雏鸡7个部位（嗉囔、腺胃、十二指肠、空肠、回肠、盲肠、直肠）消化道黏膜黏附的O78进行分离计数,研究禽致病性大肠杆菌在雏鸡消化道的分布,比较益生菌对禽致病性大肠杆菌O78在不同雏鸡动物模型中的抑制作用。结果表明：禽致病性大肠杆菌O78主要定植在雏鸡的嗉囔、盲肠和直肠;抗生素处理组和非处理组在灌服益生菌后24、48、72、96h与对照纽相比,各消化道部位定植的O78均有不同程度的降低,说明益生菌对禽致病性大肠杆菌O78。具有较强的抑制能力;未处理组的雏鸡消化道内黏附的O78菌数低于抗生素处理组,说明益生菌在抑制病原菌同时可促进消化道有益菌群的生长,从而防止致病菌的感染。 相似文献
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为了观察复方中药制剂“芪苓汤”对人工感染鸡大肠杆菌病的治疗效果．以大肠杆菌078株人工感染12日龄海兰褐公雏致其发病，于接种后灌服不同剂量的复方中药制剂。结果表明．分别按每只0．05、0．10、0．20mL“芪苓汤”的剂量给药，对人工感染鸡大肠杆菌病均有较好的治疗作用．各组治愈率分别为70．00％、83．33％、90．... 相似文献
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抗菌肽CecropinB对人工感染大肠杆菌雏鸡的治疗效果研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
以1日龄来航蛋雏鸡为试验对象,研究重组抗菌肽CecropinB治疗雏鸡大肠杆菌感染的效果.120只雏鸡分6个组,每组20只,其中不同剂量抗菌肽治疗组又分为口服和肌内注射两个不同的处理,每个处理10只.致死剂量大肠杆菌肌内注射24 h后,肌内注射和口服不同浓度的重组CecropinB抗菌肽,连续治疗5 d.结果表明,重组抗菌肽CecropinB对大肠杆菌病有较好的治疗效果.其中高剂量(0.75 mL)口服组的效果最佳,治愈率达到80%,中剂量(0.5 mL)口服组与高剂量肌内注射组治愈率同为70%.中剂量肌内注射组与环丙沙星组效果一致,治愈率达到60%,低剂量抗菌肽治疗组治疗效果不如上述所有治疗组.与感染对照组相比,所有组别的雏鸡死亡率显著降低. 相似文献
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Evaluation of a monoclonal antibody to the K99 fimbrial adhesin produced by Escherichia coli enterotoxigenic for calves, lambs and piglets 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
All the K99+ Escherichia coli grown at 37 degrees C stained strongly with a peroxidase labelled K99 monoclonal antibody using a direct immunoperoxidase staining procedure. There was no reaction when these bacteria were cultured at 18 degrees C or when K99- E coli were grown at either temperature. The binding of the monoclonal antibody to K99 antigen was inhibited by OK antisera to heterologous K99+ E coli but OK antisera to E coli producing adhesins other than K99 were without effect. Using the slide agglutination test the reactions of the monoclonal antibody were identical to those of a polyclonal antiserum to K99 when both were used in parallel to examine 100 K99+ E coli from at least 10 somatic O groups and 1308 K99+ E coli from at least 82 different somatic O groups submitted for routine serological typing in England or the, USA. The monoclonal antibody reacted with K99+ E coli in cryostat sections of the ileum from a piglet infected with E coli strain B44 (O9: K30, K99, F41) but there was no reaction with similar material from piglets infected by E coli strains 1751 (O101: F41), X177/81 (O9: K103, 987P) or Abbotstown (O149: K91, K88ac). 相似文献
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以人工诱发鸡毒支原体和大肠杆菌混合感染为模型,以酒石酸泰乐菌素为对照药物,评价了延胡索酸泰妙菌素的疗效.按每1 L水中分别加入312.5、468、625 mg延胡索酸泰妙菌素及500 mg酒石酸泰乐菌素的用量给病鸡饮水给药,连用5 d.试验表明,用药组的成活率、日增重、料肉比、气囊损伤度与感染对照组比较差异极显著(P＜0.01);延胡索酸泰妙菌素大剂量组日增重与小剂量组比较差异显著(P＜0.05),与其他各用药组比较差异极显著(P＜0.01),料肉比与其他各用药组比较差异极显著(P＜0.01);酒石酸泰乐菌素组的料肉比与延胡索酸泰妙菌素小剂量组比较差异不显著(P＞0.05);而与其他各组比较差异极显著(P＜0.01).数据分析表明,延胡索酸泰妙菌素大剂量组能有效地降低气囊损伤度,提高饲料转化率. 相似文献
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通过预先颈部皮下注射头孢噻呋钠,评价其对1日龄雏鸡试验性诱导大肠杆菌病的预防效果。以微量法测得头孢噻呋钠和恩诺沙星对鸡大肠杆菌的MIC分别为0.1mg/L和1.6mg/L。试验结果表明,0.2、0.1、0.05mg/只的头孢噻呋钠各用药组对人工诱导鸡大肠杆菌病的保护率分别为100%、90%和80%,与0.125mg/只的恩诺沙星对照组(63.33%)及感染对照组(46.67%)相比,头孢噻呋钠各剂量组均能显著降低1日龄雏鸡人工诱发大肠杆菌病的死亡率(P<0.01),具有很好的预防效果;试验结束后细菌学检测结果表明,头孢噻呋钠各剂量组和药物对照组鸡的大肠杆菌检出率分别为13.33%、23.33%、30.0%、46.67%,与感染对照组(90%)相比均显著减少(P<0.01)。 相似文献
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A study was conducted to evaluate the effects of ochratoxin A (OA) on Escherichia coli-challenged broiler chickens. Day-old broiler chicks were separated into two groups of 92 chicks each, with one group fed a control mash diet, and the other fed a mash diet containing 2 ppm OA. On day 14, each group was further separated into two groups, with one group inoculated with E. coli O78 (1 x 10(7) colony-forming units/0.5 ml), whereas the other group was not inoculated with E. coli. After E. coli inoculation on day 14, four birds from each group were euthanatized at 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 10, 14, and 21 days postinoculation. Escherichia coli infection caused dullness, depression, huddling, and diarrhea. Mortality was 14.3% in chicks infected with E. coli but fed no OA. Mortality increased to 35.7% in chicks fed OA and infected with E. coli. Decreased body weight and reduced feed intake were observed in chicks fed OA, and the effects were more pronounced in chicks fed OA and infected with E. coli. Increased serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, uric acid, and creatinine and decreased levels of total proteins, albumin, globulins, calcium, and phosphorus were observed in OA-fed birds. Escherichia coli infection did not cause significant alteration in any of the serum biochemical parameters. The presence of OA in poultry rations increased mortality and the severity of an E. coli infection. 相似文献
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以人工诱发鸡败血霉形体和大肠杆菌混合感染模型,评价氟罗沙星的疗效。按每升水加入２５ｍｇ、５０ｍｇ及１００ｍｇ氟罗沙星及５０ｍｇ环丙沙星的用量给病鸡饮水给药,连续５天,对混合感染鸡的治愈率分别是８６．７％、９０．０％、９０．０％及８３．３％,而感染对照组的死亡率为６３．３％;用药组的相对增重率分别为１０１．３％、１０５．７％、１０７．２％及１０２．４％,均显著高于感染对照组（５８５．５％,Ｐ〈０．０１） 相似文献
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The prevalence of verotoxins, Escherichia coli O157:H7, and Salmonella in the feces and rumen of cattle at processing. 
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下载免费PDF全文 J Van Donkersgoed T Graham V Gannon 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1999,40(5):332-338
Fecal samples collected from cattle at processing during a 1-year period were tested for verotoxins (VT1, VT2), Escherichia coli O157:H7, and Salmonella. Verotoxins were detected in 42.6% (95% CI, 39.8% to 45.4%), E. coli O157:H7 in 7.5% (95% CI, 6.1% to 9.1%), and Salmonella in 0.08% (95% CI, 0.004% to 0.5%) of the fecal samples. In yearling cattle, the median within-lot prevalence (percentage of positive samples within a lot) was 40% (range, 0% to 100%) for verotoxins and 0% for E. coli O157:H7 (range, 0% to 100%) and Salmonella (range, 0% to 17%). One or more fecal samples were positive for verotoxins in 80.4% (95% CI, 72.8% to 86.4%) of the lots of yearling cattle, whereas E. coli O157:H7 were detected in 33.6% (95% CI, 26.0% to 42.0%) of the lots. In cull cows, the median within-lot prevalence was 50% (range, 0% to 100%) for verotoxins and 0% (range, 0% to 100%) for E. coli O157:H7 and Salmonella (range, 0% to 0%). Verotoxins were detected in one or more fecal samples from 78.0% (95% CI, 70.4% to 84.2%) of the lots of cull cows, whereas E. coli O157:H7 were detected in only 6.0% (95% CI, 3.0% to 11.4%) of the lots of cull cows. The prevalence of verotoxins in fecal samples was lower in yearling cattle than in cull cows, whereas the prevalence of E. coli O157:H7 in fecal samples was higher in yearling cattle than in cull cows. The prevalence of E. coli O157:H7 in fecal samples was highest in the summer months. Rumen fill, body condition score, sex, type of cattle (dairy, beef), and distance travelled to the plant were not associated with the fecal prevalence of verotoxins or E. coli O157:H7. The prevalence of verotoxins in fecal samples of cull cows was associated with the source of the cattle. It was highest in cows from the auction market (52%) and farm/ranch (47%) and lowest in cows from the feedlot (31%). In rumen samples, the prevalence of verotoxins was 6.4% (95% CI, 4.2% to 9.4%), and it was 0.8% (95% CI, 0.2% to 2.3%) for E. coli O157:H7, and 0.3% (95% CI, 0.007% to 1.5%) for Salmonella. 相似文献
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氟甲砜霉素对鸭大肠杆菌病的药效研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了探讨氟甲砜霉素对鸭大肠杆菌病的疗效进行了本研究。用试管2倍稀释法测定氟甲砜霉素及对照药氯霉素对大肠杆菌的最小抑菌浓度，然后用氟甲砜霉素，氯霉素进行混饲给药5d的疗效试验，试验结果表明，氟甲砜霉素，氯霉素对大肠杆菌O78株的最小抑菌浓度分别为6mg/L,8mg/L,100,200,400mg/kg氟甲砜霉素混饲给药对鸭大肠杆菌病的有效率分别为30．3％，93．9％，100％,400mg/kg氯霉素的有效率为93．9％，试验各组之间鸭的增重差异不显著。 相似文献