共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 359 毫秒
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与常规机插育秧(具用种量高、成秧率低、秧苗素质差、在机插过程中容易伤根、不利早发等问题)相比,采用水稻钵形毯状秧盘育秧优势明显。为促进该技术推广,进行了其示范试验。结果表明,采用水稻钵形毯状秧盘育秧,成秧率较常规机插育秧提高,且增产效应极其明显。 相似文献
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水稻钵体毯状苗机插秧技术推广与应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
随着社会经济发展和农村劳动力转移,传统手工插秧种植已不适应水稻生产发展需求,我国水稻生产迫切需要以水稻机插秧为主的机械化种植技术.现有的传统平盘毯状秧苗机插秧技术存在播种量大、秧苗素质差、秧龄弹性小、低播量成毯性差、伤苗伤根严重、漏秧率较高、每丛苗数不均匀及返青慢等问题,制约机插水稻增产潜力.水稻钵体毯状苗机插技术,针对传统毯状苗机插存在的问题,通过钵体毯状秧苗,利用普通插秧机按钵精确取秧,实现钵苗机插,秧苗根系带土多,伤秧和伤根率低,栽后秧苗返青快,发根和分蘖早.能充分利用低位节分蘖,有效分蘖多,从而有利于实现高产,同时按钵苗定量取秧,取秧更准确,机插漏秧率低,机插苗丛间均匀一致,从而有利于高产群体的形成,实现机插高产高效. 相似文献
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超级早稻钵形毯状秧苗机插效果及产量形成 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
【目的】通过钵形毯状秧苗机插技术在双季超级早稻上机插应用,探究机插效果及对产量形成的影响,以期为我国水稻机械化种植技术发展提供参考。【方法】以常规超级早籼稻中早39、中嘉早17为试验材料,采用水稻钵形毯状秧盘（BT）和传统平盘（CK）培育秧苗,考察种子出苗、秧苗素质、根系形态及分布、机插效果、产量并比较差异。【结果】水稻钵形毯状秧盘与平盘育秧种子出苗率差异不显著;钵形毯状秧苗根系独立成钵状,56.03%的根系在底层钵碗内,上部根系比例43.97%,且白根多,根数比对照略少,但根长度、根表面积、根直径和根体积有所增加,而对照秧苗的下部根系比例37.86%,上部根系比例高达62.14%;从机插效果看,中早39和中嘉早17钵形毯状秧苗的机插断根率比平盘毯状秧苗分别降低了25.06%和14.24%,相同播种量下,2年重复试验中早39钵形毯状秧苗机插的漏秧率比对照分别下降了3.89%和1.67%,中嘉早17下降了2.22%和1.66%,另外翻秧、漂秧、伤秧比例较对照也有所减少;钵形毯状秧苗机插14 d后的秧苗叶重、茎鞘重、根重、地上部总重量和叶绿素含量均比对照明显增加,表明有利于促进秧苗早发生长;产量比较,中早39钵形毯状秧苗机插比对照增产6.35%—7.66%,中嘉早17增产8.99%—10.87%,其中主要通过有效穗数增加实现增产,中早39和中嘉早17的钵形毯状秧苗机插处理有效穗数分别增加了2.14%—6.01%和4.76%—6.98%。【结论】水稻钵形毯状秧苗机插技术通过培育形成上毯下钵的钵形毯状秧苗,按钵取秧机插,有利于提高机插质量,减少机插漏秧率及伤根,促进秧苗早发,提高有效穗数,实现机插水稻高产。 相似文献
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钵苗机插对沿江双季稻北缘地区双季晚稻生长特性与产量的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以常规粳稻品种镇稻18和杂交粳稻品种春优284、甬优4550为供试材料,设置钵苗机插、毯状秧机插及传统塑盘旱育抛栽3种不同栽植模式,试图探索沿江地区双季晚稻北缘地区适宜的栽插方式及配套技术问题。结果表明,钵苗摆栽模式配合大龄壮秧培育技术可以提前2~3 d安全齐穗,提前3~6 d成熟;受机械性能限制钵苗机插基本苗数少于毯状秧机插和抛栽模式,但进入大田生长期后,单位面积茎蘖数差异逐渐缩小,钵苗机插模式表现出较好的群体弹性和成穗的稳定性;钵苗机栽在颖花数和结实率方面表现优异,实测产量较毯状秧机栽高5.2%。总之,钵苗机插模式应用于沿江双季稻北缘地区具有较好的适应性和稳定性,是适应于本地区双季晚稻生产的机械化栽插方式。 相似文献
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机插密度对杂交稻干物质积累及产量形成的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为明确适宜的杂交稻机插株距及种植密度,选取中浙优8号及甬优12为材料,设置14、16、18和21cm4个机插株距,研究不同种植密度对杂交稻生长及产量的影响。结果表明:随着机插株距的增大,2个水稻品种植株个体虽然均生长健壮,单株茎蘖数增加,但群体总茎蘖数下降,且后期茎蘖消减较快,最终茎蘖成穗率出现一定的下降趋势;同时,机插株距的增大引起植株群体干物质积累量减小,其干物质主要转运至茎叶部位,穗部干物质积累比例未有明显提高。从最终产量表现来看,机插株距的增大导致田间有效穗数显著降低,产量也随之减少。综上可以看出2个水稻品种均需要一定的种植密度才能保证高产,最适株距应调节至14~18cm,种植密度保持在18.5~23.8穴/m2。 相似文献
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在成都平原稻麦两熟制条件下培育适龄机插壮秧是机插秧技术能否获得高产的关键本研究以超级稻II优602为试材,研究播种期对成都平原稻麦两熟区机插秧秧苗生长、机插质量、生育进程、产量的影响,从而探索成都平原机插秧技术的配套高产栽培技术。结果表明：成都平原稻麦两熟区机插秧适宜的播种期为4月10-15日,秧龄45~50 d,此阶段播种的机插秧产量最高延迟播种虽然有利于改善机插质量,提高成穗率,但也会导致群体生长滞后,成穗质量差,有效穗、着粒数、结实率、千粒重等产量构成因子下降,进而产量减少,若推迟15 d播种,减产幅度甚至超过10%。 相似文献
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【Objective】Seedling raising in pot-mat tray was the key point of pot-mat seedling mechanized transplanting technology system. This technology was conducted in early rice season to study the effects of pot-mat seedling on mechanized transplanting quality and yield of super early rice.【Method】In this study, the super early rice varieties Zhongzao39 and Zhongjiazao17 were sown in pot-mat seedling tray (BT) and traditional flat tray (CK), and then the seedling emergence rate, seedling quality, root morphology and distribution, transplanting quality and yield were investigated.【Result】There were no significant differences of seedling emergence rate between pot-mat seedling and traditional flat-mat seedling. The root system of pot-mat seedling form bowl shape, and root surface area, root diameter and root volume increased compared with traditional mat seedling. 56.03% root of BT seedling was in the bottom bowl, and the upper root was 43.97%, while that of the control seedling was 37.86% at the bottom and the upper root was 62.14%. The root-cutting rate of Zhongzao 39 and Zhongjiazao 17 pot-mat seedlings were 25.06% and 14.24%, respectively, and lower than that of flat seedling. Under the same sowing, the seedling missing-transplanting rate of pot-mat seedling treatment decreased significantly, and Zhongzao39 decreased 1.67%-3.89%, Zhongjiazao17 decreased 1.66%-2.22%. Besides, the percentage of turnover seedling, floated and injured seedlings when seedling mechanized transplant decreased compared with that of the control. The plant height, and weight of leaves, stem, root, shoot and content of chlorophyll increased at 14 days after transplanting, indicating that it was helpful to promote the early emergence and rapid growth of seedlings. The grain yield of BT treatment was significantly higher than that of control, and the yield of Zhongzao 39 and Zhongjia Zao 17 increased by 6.35%-7.66% and 8.99%-10.87%, respectively. The increase in yield was mainly achieved by the increase in the number of effective panicles. The number of effective panicles treated by pot-mat seedlings machine transplanting of Zhongzao 39 and Zhongjiazao 17 increased by 2.14%-6.01% and 4.76%-6.98%, respectively.【Conclusion】Pot-mat seedling transplanting technology improved the quality of mechanical transplanting, reduced the missing-transplanting seedling rate and injury root rate of seedling. The technique could promote early emergence of tillers, increase the number of effective panicles, and achieve high yield. 相似文献
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[目的]研究不同育栽方式对杂交稻产量及生理特征的影响。[方法]采用肥床旱育手栽、毯状苗机插和钵体苗机插3种方式,对杂交籼稻徽两优996和杂交粳稻甬优8号的产量和生理特征进行研究。[结果]钵苗机插水稻产量最高,其次为旱育手栽,毯苗机插最低,三者差异均极显著。移栽期早育手栽的群体茎蘖数较多(有分蘖),但最高分蘖期毯苗机插最多,说明后者分蘖期长、最高苗数多,最终毯苗机插的穗数最多。单叶片重和表观运转量在抽穗期和成熟期由大到小依次为钵苗机插、旱育手栽、毯苗机插;单苗干重和群体干物重移栽期由大到小依次为旱育手栽、钵苗机插、毯苗机插,至抽穗期则由大到小依次为钵苗机插、旱育手栽、毯苗机插,三者差异极显著。[结论]该研究为杂交稻超高产栽培提供理论依据。 相似文献
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水稻不同育苗移栽方式的比较研究 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3
试验结果表明，摆秧的产量高于插秧，二的产量均显地高于抛秧，品种间及品种与栽培方式互作间的差异均不显。摆秧的增产机理是秧苗素质好，移栽植伤很轻，分蘖早生快发，最高茎蘖数和成穗率均较高；叶面积指数高，且变化加速度小；在抽穗前比叶重增加快，此后增加慢；在生育后期，叶层面积大且占据层次多，群体基部绿叶面积大，穗层面积大且分布集中，位置偏中上，SOD含量高，丙二醛含量低。 相似文献