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1.
木槿组织培养及无性系建立的研究 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
以开花早、花期长的木槿嫩茎为材料,进行了愈伤组织诱导、愈伤组织和不定芽分化与继代,试管苗的生根、移栽和移植研究。结果表明:MS+BA0.3 mg/L+2,4-D 0.6 mg/L是诱导嫩茎形成具有分化能力愈伤组织的理想培养基;MS+AgNO3 1.2 mg/L+BA 0.6mg/L+NAA 0.1 mg/L是诱导愈伤组织和不定芽分化的理想培养基;1/2MS+IAA0.2 mg/L+NAA0.1～0.2 mg/L是试管苗生根培养的理想培养基;河沙和炉灰渣是试管苗移栽的理想基质。移植成活的试管苗生长整齐、长势旺盛,保持了开花早、花期长的特点。 相似文献
2.
选用优良观赏植物银边绣球(Hydrangea macrophylla var.蔭cula-ta)健壮幼嫩茎尖作为组培试验材料进行组培技术的研究。结果表明:诱导愈伤组织形成的培养基组合为MS+BA2.0mg/L+NAA0.1mg/L,有利于愈伤组织生长;不定芽分化的培养基为MS+BA2.0mg/L+NAA0.1mg/L有利于不定芽的分化;而4/5MS+BA2.0mg/L+NAA0.1mg/L有利于组培苗不定根的形成。 相似文献
3.
《林业实用技术》2017,(10)
以短柄五加(Acanthopanax brachypus Harms)当年生嫩枝为材料,选择叶片、叶柄为外植体,使用6-BA、NAA、IBA、2,4-D等激素,配制成不同质量浓度的培养基,进行短柄五加愈伤组织诱导,同时分析愈伤组织诱导丛生芽和丛生芽增殖培养基的最佳配方,建立短柄五加植株的再生体系。结果表明,短柄五加叶片是较适宜诱导愈伤组织的外植体,愈伤组织诱导的培养基是MS+0.3mg/L 6-BA+0.5mg/L NAA,诱导率为75.0%;愈伤组织诱导不定芽形成的适宜培养基为MS+6-BA 1.0mg/L+NAA 0.1mg/L,不定芽诱导率为100%;适宜不定芽增殖的培养基为MS+6-BA3.0mg/L+NAA 0.2mg/L,增殖系数为5.80;同时活性炭能够有效防止愈伤组织诱导过程中的褐化问题。 相似文献
4.
以钙果4号的茎尖和带芽茎段为材料,接种在不同浓度激素配比的培养基中,研究愈伤组织诱导、分化及植株再生。结果表明:钙果4号芽启动培养以MS+BA0.5mg/L;愈伤组织诱导和分化以MS+BA(1.0～2.0)mg/L+NAA0.5mg/L;芽增殖以MS+6-BA(0.3～0.5mg/L)+NAA0.05mg/L最理想。添加一定浓度(0.2mg/L)的IAA生根效果均好于单独使用IBA、NAA或三者配合使用,生根率可达72.3%。 相似文献
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6.
为保护野生资源,满足人工栽培的需要,以东风菜叶柄为材料,进行了愈伤组织诱导、分化培养,不定芽生根培养,试管苗生根继代增殖培养、移栽、定植的研究,建立起变异植株的无性系。结果表明:MS+2,4-D2.5mg/L是叶柄愈伤组织培养的理想培养基;MS+GA30.5mg/L+AgNO31.5mg/L+NAA 0.1mg/L是愈伤组织分化培养的理想培养基;用NAA20mg/L的无菌溶液对不定芽切口进行处理后,接种到White+IAA0.1mg/L培养基上培养,是不定芽生根培养和试管苗生根继代培养的理想方法;定植的试管苗保持了野生东风菜的所有植物学性状。 相似文献
7.
《中国林副特产》2021,(4)
以紫苏为材料,通过对其子叶、下胚轴、幼嫩叶片最佳外植体的筛选、愈伤组织诱导、不定芽分化及生根培养,建立紫苏的离体培养再生体系,为紫苏种质资源保存及快速繁殖提供理论依据和技术支撑。结果表明:紫苏种子萌发最佳培养基MS培养基;最佳消毒方法为0.1%升汞消毒8 min。此时种子萌发率最高达96%。离体培养最佳外植体为叶片。紫苏叶片和子叶诱导愈伤组织的最佳培养基为MS+6-BA3.0 mg/L+NAA0.3mg/L,诱导率分别为97.5%和91.7%;愈伤组织分化的最佳培养基为MS+6-BA 3.0 mg/L+NAA 0.2 mg/L,叶片优于子叶。最佳生根培养基为1/2MS+NAA0.1 mg/L,生根率为100%。 相似文献
8.
为建立优良银白杨离体快繁再生体系,培育速生高产的银白杨苗木,以西藏银白杨叶片、茎段作为不定芽诱导的初始材料,以MS为基本培养基,对不定芽诱导中产生的愈伤组织进行二次不定芽诱导,研究不同激素浓度及配比对银白杨不同材料不定芽诱导与增殖分化的影响。研究表明:6-BA∶NAA为5∶1是银白杨不定芽诱导的最优激素浓度配比,银白杨不定芽诱导的最佳培养材料为当年生带腋芽茎段;6-BA(0.5mg/L)+NAA(0.1mg/L)+KT(0.2mg/L)为愈伤组织诱导不定芽最优激素浓度组合;不定芽增殖的最优激素7浓度组合为6-BA(0.5mg/L)+NAA(0.2mg/L)+KT(0.2mg/L)+IBA(0.2mg/L),平均增殖系数最高。综合考虑得出:MS+6-BA(0.5mg/L)+NAA(0.1mg/L)为银白杨不定芽诱导分化的最佳培养基,不定芽诱导的最佳材料为银白杨当年生带腋芽茎段;愈伤组织不定芽诱导的最佳培养基为MS+6-BA(0.5mg/L)+NAA(0.1mg/L)+KT(0.2mg/L);不定芽增殖的最佳培养基为MS+6-BA(1.0mg/L)+NAA(0.2mg/L)+KT(0.2mg/L)+IBA(0.2mg/L),pH5.8。 相似文献
9.
为给葡萄柚的大规模育苗提供方法,以葡萄柚品种哈路比的叶片为外植体,在MS培养基中添加不同浓度配比的激素,探索其离体再生的优化体系。试验结果如下:培养基为MS+0.6 mg/L 6-BA+1.0 mg/L 2,4-D愈伤组织诱导率最高为78.57%,愈伤组织呈黄绿色,结构疏松,长势良好;MS+3.0 mg/L 6-BA+1.5 mg/L NAA是诱导愈伤组织分化不定芽的最佳培养基激素浓度配比,分化率最高为48%,不定芽分化快,长势良好;培养基MS+2.0 mg/L IBA有利于诱导生根,生根率达60.74%。初步建立了葡萄柚哈路比的离体再生体系。 相似文献
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11.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(5):427-435
In Scandinavia, moose (Alces alces L.) sometimes cause severe browsing damage to economically-important pine. Moose-vehicle accidents have spurred construction of fences along roads, and these may interfere with moose migration between summer and winter ranges, or the road alone may be a barrier. If this happens and moose build up along roads, landowners may suffer economically. Therefore, this study investigated whether roads, fences or other factors influence the use of young pine stands by moose. Eighty stands along roads in northern Sweden were evaluated in which individually-browsed branches were counted on 9972 pines. Moose browsing was not significantly related to birch (Betula pendula Roth, B. pubescens Ehrh.) density, nor did it differ between pines (Pinus contorta Douglas or P. sylvestris L.). However, increased pine density, site productivity and proximity to a highway were associated with increased browsing. Further large-scale studies are needed to understand moose habitat selection and the effects of roads. 相似文献
12.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(3):206-217
The root systems of 2-yr-old Picea glauca, Picea mariana and Pinus banksiana seedlings were submitted to various frost temperatures during an artificial frost to induce different levels of root damage. Frost-damaged and control seedlings were placed in a greenhouse under high and low soil moisture regimes. Seedling growth and physiology were evaluated periodically. Seedling survival was reduced when root damage reached levels of 60-80%. Root systems of all three species showed partial to total recovery by the end of the experiment. In general, root freezing damage caused reductions in seedling growth, with these reductions becoming less significant over time. Root damage had little to no effect on black spruce and jack pine seedling physiology, while white spruce CO 2 uptake decreased with increasing root damage. Shoot nitrogen content of all three species decreased slightly with increasing root damage. 相似文献
13.
Contour hedgerows of multipurpose tree species in the sloping tea lands of Sri Lanka are expected to reduce soil erosion and
also add significant amounts of plant nutrients to the soil via periodic prunings. The objective of this experiment was to characterize the biomass decomposition pattern and quantify the
amount of nutrients added through prunings of six tree species (Calliandra calothyrsus, Senna spectabilis, Euphatorium innulifolium, Flemingia congesta, Gliricidia sepium and Tithonia diversifolia) currently being used in hedgerows associated with tea. Withered leaf and stem prunings (50 g) were enclosed in 2-mm litter
bags, placed at 5-cm depth and retrieved after one, three, six, nine and 12 weeks. Loss of initial dry weight, N, P and K
was measured. Single exponential decay function adequately described both dry weight and nutrient loss. Tree species differed
significantly in their rate of breakdown with decomposition constants (k) varying from 0.0299 to 0.2006 week−1 for leaves and from 0.0225 to 0.0633 week−1 for stems. Gliricidia showed the highest k for leaves with the rest in the following descending order: Senna > Tithonia ≥ Euphatorium > Calliandra > Flemingia. A similar pattern was observed for loss of all nutrients with Calliandra and Flemingia always having lower k values than the rest. Although N immobilization was not observed, immobilization of P and K was observed
during the first week of incubation in some species, particularly in stem prunings. Annual biomass of prunings differed significantly
between tree species in the following descending order: Calliandra > Senna > Flemingia > Tithonia > Gliricidia > Euphatorium. Calliandra added the greatest amount of nutrients annually to the soil with Euphatorium adding the least. Calliandra prunings provided the annual total K requirement and 49% of the N requirement of mature tea. However, none of the species
provided more than 5% of the P requirement. It is concluded that among the tree species tested, Calliandra and Flemingia are the most suitable for contour hedgerows in tea plantations of this agroclimatic region because of their higher soil nutrient
enrichment capacity and slower decomposition rates which would minimize leaching losses.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
14.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(2):118-130
The effects of seed weight and seed type on seedling growth of Pinus sylvestris (L.) were studied by seeding individually weighed orchard and stand seed in different mixtures under harsh (direct seeding in field) and optimal (seeding in nursery) conditions. In the nursery experiment an increase in the seed weight from 3 to 7 mg increased the seedling height by 10-27% and total weight by 27-113%, and decreased the height/diameter ratio by 5-6% after 2 yrs. With elimination of seed weight effects, orchard seedlings were 2% taller than stand seedlings in year 2. Without elimination of seed weight effects, orchard seedlings were 7-13% taller. In the field experiment an increase in the seed weight from 3 to 7 mg increased seedling height by 18-65%, stem volume by 81-274% and the number of top-buds by 23-34% in year 5. After elimination of seed weight effects, orchard seedlings were 7-13% taller than stand seedlings and without elimination of seed weight effects 20-21% taller after 5 yrs. Even after elimination of both seed weight and genetic effects orchard seedlings were 3-9% larger than stand seedlings in the field experiment. In conclusion, the influence of seed weight and seed type on growth traits and slenderness is highly significant and the influence seems to be greater in harsh conditions. 相似文献
15.
Steven Maranz Amadou Niang Antoine Kalinganire Djeneba Konaté Bocary Kaya 《Agroforestry Systems》2008,72(3):231-239
Baobab leaves form an important part of the local diet in Sahel countries and elsewhere in Africa. Existing leaf nutritional
data and agroforestry performance information are based solely on Adansonia digitata L., the baobab of continental Africa. The introduction potential of Adansonia species from the center of diversity in Madagascar and from Australia remains untapped. To assess this potential, the mineral
contents and B1 and B2 vitamin levels of dried baobab leaves were determined for five-year old trees of A. digitata, A. gibbosa (A. Cunn.) Guymer ex D. Baum, A. rubrostipa Jum. & H. Perrier (syn. A. fony Baill.), A. perrieri Capuron and A. za Baill. grown in an introduction trial in Mali. Nutritional data were evaluated against survival and vigor to identify promising
germplasm. Leaf vitamin and crude protein contents were highest in the Madagascar species, especially A. rubrostipa (B1 88 mg 100 g−1, B2 187 mg 100 g−1, protein 20.7% dry weight). However, the local species far outperformed the introductions in survival, tree height, basal
diameter and resistance to termites. We suggest grafting as a way of harnessing the vigor of well-adapted local baobab varieties
to the superior nutritional profiles of A. rubrostipa and others. Cross-species grafting tests in Adansonia were successful, thus creating new agroforestry possibilities with different scion/rootstock combinations. 相似文献
16.
《Wood material science & engineering》2013,8(2):76-84
Abstract Wood in general and wooden studs in particular are often distorted owing to uneven shrinkage during the drying process in the sawmill. Twist is often the most detrimental of all types of distortion, and it is caused by spiral grain in combination with variations in moisture content. For sawmills, the objective is to produce dried, straight boards, and one method of dealing with boards with excessive spiral grain is to sort them out and then dry them in a pretwisted position to obtain straight boards after drying. A model using the finite element (FE) method for the simulation of drying twist distortions was first calibrated against laboratory experiments in which boards were dried with and without restraints and pretwists. After the calibration, the FE results were compared with industrial test results for boards that were dried without restraints or with restraints with zero pretwist, i.e. straight restraints. The FE model used an elastic–ideally plastic material model to obtain permanent deformations. The calibration was to set the yield stresses so that there was a good match between FE results and results from the laboratory experiments. The comparison between the industrial test results and the FE results showed that the FE model is capable of realistic simulations of drying boards with and without restraints and presumably also pretwists. 相似文献
17.
Astra Zaluma Lauma Bruna Darta Klavina Natalija Burnevica Kristine Kenigsvalde Andis Lazdins Talis Gaitnieks 《Forest Pathology》2019,49(6)
Heterobasidion parviporum and Heterobasidion annosum are widely distributed root‐rot fungi that infect conifers throughout Europe. Infection of conifer stumps by spores of these pathogens can be controlled by treating fresh stumps with a competing non‐pathogenic fungus, Phlebiopsis gigantea. In this study, growth of three Latvian strains of P. gigantea and the biological control agent ‘Rotstop’ strain was evaluated in stem pieces of Norway spruce, Scots pine, lodgepole pine, Douglas‐fir, Weymouth pine, Siberian larch and Sitka spruce. The growth rates of one H. parviporum and one H. annosum isolate were also measured in the same stem pieces. The growth rate of P. gigantea varied greatly in wood of different conifer species. It was higher in the three pine species, lower in Norway spruce and lowest in Sitka spruce and Siberian larch, and in Douglas‐fir, this fungus did not grow. The largest area of wood occupied by P. gigantea was in lodgepole pine. Growth of Latvian isolates of P. gigantea in the wood of Pinus and Picea species was comparable to that of the Rotstop isolate. Consequently, stump treatment with local P. gigantea isolates should be recommended. However, our results suggest that Douglas‐fir stump treatment against Heterobasidion by P. gigantea may be ineffective and other stump treatment methods should be considered. 相似文献
18.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(1):53-61
This study investigated the stand structure in pine, spruce and deciduous forests in the border district of Finland and Russia. A total of 46 mature forest stands was selected as pairs, the members of each pair being as similar as possible with respect to their forest site type, age, moisture and topography. The stands were then compared between the two countries by means of basal areas and number of stems. The proportions of dominating tree species were 2-12% lower, and correspondingly the proportions of secondary tree species higher, in Russian forests. The density of the forest stock was also higher in each forest type in Russia. The forests in the two countries differed most radically in terms of the abundance of dead trees. The amount was two to four times higher in Russian deciduous and spruce forests, and in pine forests the difference was 10-fold. The stand structures indicated that Russian coniferous stands, in particular, were more heterogeneous than intensively managed pine and spruce stands in Finland. 相似文献
19.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(1):15-27
The root collar diameter and the height:diameter ratio are of particular importance in container-grown seedlings where a high density in the containers may produce spindly seedlings. Temperature regimes and light quality are known to affect plant growth. The aim of this study was to identify responses in Picea abies (L.) Karst. seedlings grown with light providing different red:far-red ratios and under temperature regimes with alternating day (DT) and night temperature (NT) from negative (DT < NT) to positive (DT > NT) difference (DIF) between DT and NT. Experiments were conducted in controlled environment chambers and in a daylight phytotron. Only limited thermoperiodic responses appeared in P . abies seedlings with respect to seedling height and dry weight accumulation. The formation of terminal buds, however, was clearly delayed in seedlings grown at negative DIF. The results indicate a requirement for day extension light that is high in far-red, to prevent terminal bud formation under natural short-day conditions. An extended study should be conducted to clarify the minimum level of light intensity and the optimal light quality needed to prevent terminal bud formation under natural short-day conditions. 相似文献
20.
本文分析了CAD在设计中引起的正面和负面影响,并进行了系统的阐述,从而使设计者在应用中能够保持客观的态度。 相似文献